125 results on '"Zhai S"'
Search Results
2. Non-escaping frost tolerant QTL linked genetic loci at reproductive stage in six wheat DH populations
- Author
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Zhang, J., Islam, MD S., Zhao, Y., Anwar, M., Alhabbar, Z., She, M., Yang, R., Juhasz, A., Tang, G., Chen, J., Liu, H., Jiang, Y., Zhai, S., Hu, X., Rong, J., Zhang, Y., Qin, Y., Liu, Q., Yu, Z., Balotf, S., Dowla, M., Afrin, S., Roy, N., Mallik. M. R., Saieed, M. A. U., Rahman, S., Sultana, N., Ahmed. S., Florides. C., Chen, Kefei, Sharma, D., Height, N., Biddulph, B., Lu, M., Mayer. J., Ma, W., Zhang, J., Islam, MD S., Zhao, Y., Anwar, M., Alhabbar, Z., She, M., Yang, R., Juhasz, A., Tang, G., Chen, J., Liu, H., Jiang, Y., Zhai, S., Hu, X., Rong, J., Zhang, Y., Qin, Y., Liu, Q., Yu, Z., Balotf, S., Dowla, M., Afrin, S., Roy, N., Mallik. M. R., Saieed, M. A. U., Rahman, S., Sultana, N., Ahmed. S., Florides. C., Chen, Kefei, Sharma, D., Height, N., Biddulph, B., Lu, M., Mayer. J., and Ma, W.
- Abstract
Reproductive stage frost poses a major constraint for wheat production in countries such as Australia. However, little progress has been made in identifying key genes to overcome the constraint. In the present study, a severe frost event hit two large-scale field trials consisting of six doubled haploid (DH) wheat populations at reproductive stage (young microspore stage) in Western Australia, leading to the identification of 30 robust frost QTL on 17 chromosomes. The major 18 QTL with the phenotype variation over 9.5% were located on 13 chromosomes including 2A, 2B, 2D, 3A, 4A, 4B, 4D, 5A, 5D, 6D, 7A, 7B and 7D. Most frost QTL were closely linked to the QTL of anthesis, maturity, Zadok stages as well as linked to anthesis related genes. Out of those, six QTL were repetitively detected on the homologous regions on 2B, 4B, 4D, 5A, 5D, 7A in more than two populations. Results showed that the frost damage is associated with alleles of Vrn-A1a, Vrn-D1a, Rht-B1b, Rht-D1b, and the high copy number of Ppd-B1. However, anthesis QTL and anthesis related genes of Vrn-B1a and TaFT3-1B on chromosomes 5B and 1B did not lead to frost damage, indicating that these early-flowering phenotype related genes are compatible with frost tolerance and thus can be utilised in breeding. Our results also indicate that wild-type alleles Rht-B1a and Rht-D1a can be used when breeding for frost-tolerant varieties without delaying flowering time.
- Published
- 2021
3. Novel non-surfactant pathway to controllable micro/mesoporous bimodal xerogels
- Author
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Yang, D.-J., primary, Zhai, S.-R., additional, Xu, Y., additional, Zheng, J.-L., additional, Wu, D., additional, Sun, Y.-H., additional, and Deng, F., additional
- Published
- 2005
- Full Text
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4. Two-step route to acid AlMSU-X mesostructures templated by neutral TX-100
- Author
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Zhai, S., primary, Wu, D., additional, and Sun, Y., additional
- Published
- 2004
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5. Efficient synthesis of high-quality MCM-48 silicas through mixed surfactants and pH adjustment route
- Author
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Zhai, S., primary, Zou, J., additional, Wu, D., additional, and Sun, Y., additional
- Published
- 2004
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6. Fostering deep learning approaches to evaluate the impact of urbanization on vegetation and future prospects
- Author
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Zeeshan Zafar, Muhammad Sajid Mehmood, Zhai Shiyan, Muhammad Zubair, Muhammad Sajjad, and Qin Yaochen
- Subjects
Urbanization ,LSTM-RNN ,Temporal trends ,MODIS ,Enhance vegetation index ,Pakistan ,Ecology ,QH540-549.5 - Abstract
Vegetation is an essential component of our global ecosystem and an important indicator of the dynamics and productivity of land cover. Vegetation forecasting research has been accelerated using several deep learning (DL) algorithms through remote sensing (RS) data. In this context, we used artificial intelligence (AI) and the long-short-term memory recurrent neural network (LSTM-RNN) method to explore and forecast future urban–rural vegetation disparities (ΔEVI, where EVI is the enhanced vegetation index) in Pakistan’s six megacities using MODIS EVI data. The forecast results revealed that ΔEVI is decreasing in all cities. The Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) and the Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) were used to evaluate LSTM-RNN. RSME values were recorded as 0.03, 0.07, 0.02, 0.03, 0.05, and 0.06 for Faisalabad, Gujranwala, Rawalpindi, Lahore, Multan, and Sialkot, respectively. MAPE was estimated as 0.12, 0.55, 0.24, 0.18, 0.28, and 0.47 for Faisalabad, Gujranwala, Rawalpindi, Lahore, Multan, and Sialkot, respectively. This situation indicates that LSTM-RNN can be used as a new reliable AI technique for forecasting. The results suggested that the average of forecasted ΔEVI for the next 10 years is −0.23, −0.21, −0.09, −0.13, −0.22, and −0.11 for Faisalabad, Gujranwala, Rawalpindi, Lahore, Multan, and Sialkot, respectively. The findings of this study will help evaluate the impact of urbanization on EVI by leveraging DL techniques along with implementing an urbanization policy for urban development and environmental protection for long-term urban sustainability.
- Published
- 2023
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7. Auditory characteristics of noise-exposed memberscrossing age-related groups
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Liu Chenqing, Ding Daxiong, Zhu Yuhua, Wang Hongyang, Cheng Xiaoting, Zhao Zhenhua, Cao Juyang, Zhai Suoqiang, and Yu Ning
- Subjects
Otorhinolaryngology ,RF1-547 - Abstract
Objective: To report audiological characteristics in a group of noise-exposed crew members on board ships. Methods and materials: Clinical and audiological measurements including pure-tone thresholds, acoustic immittance results and tinnitus questionnaires were collected from both the ship crew members (study subjects) and their land based colleagues (controls). Results: 1) Noise exposed crew members showed not only high frequency, but also low frequency hearing loss; 2) Hearing impairment increased with age, with 65.5% of crew members younger than 50 years showing normal hearing while only 14.9% of those older than 50 years had normal hearing; 3) hearing loss gradually increased with the extension of on board career time; and 4) Most study subjects reported high pitch tinnitus, significantly more than the control group although not significantly different among different age groups. Conclusion: Noise induced hearing impairment from working on board ships shows specific frequency and age characteristics. Understanding these characteristics is important for advancing relevant studies and for effective prevention of noise-induced hearing loss in ship crew members. Keywords: Noise, Hearing loss, Age-related hearing loss, Noise-induced hearing loss, Tinnitus
- Published
- 2018
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8. Enhanced synergistic catalysis of bisphenol A in river water using an anti-aging photocatalytic membrane.
- Author
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Li C, Qiu X, Luo W, Bamanu B, Jin R, Chen L, Nuramkhaan M, Zhai S, and Zhao Y
- Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA), as an endocrine disruptor, poses a potential threat to ecosystems and human health in aquatic environments. Membrane catalytic systems can accelerate the degradation of BPA and facilitate its conversion into harmless compounds. Nevertheless, the complex nature of the water environments and the limited stability of catalysts often result in challenges such as catalyst aging and deactivation. Herein, an anti-aging multifunctional AgFeO
2 catalytic material with electron transfer membrane support was prepared for synergistic catalysis of low-energy LED light (12 W) excitation and peroxydisulfate (PDS) activation. The anti-aging photocatalytic membrane completely degraded 10 ppm of BPA within 30 min, and did not show significant aging after the long-term synergistic catalytic process. In addition, actual river water was employed to assess the aging process and catalytic efficiency in a practical environment. A 60.79 cm2 photocatalytic membrane completely purified 10 L of BPA polluted river water, while the total organic carbon content decreased by 50 %. This was mainly due to the synergistic catalytic effect of the membrane, which boosted photoelectron transfer through electron transfer shortcuts, thereby enhancing persulfate activation. Overall, the multifunctional membrane provides an effective strategy for achieving a long-lasting catalytic effect and controlling photocatalyst aging in practice., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2024
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9. Electrochemical/fluorescent dual-mode aptasensor based on 3D porous AuNPs/MXene for detection of ultra-trace mercury (Hg 2+ ).
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Li L, Yan X, Liu Y, Xing Y, Zhao P, Zhu Y, Liu N, Sun K, Zhang Z, and Zhai S
- Abstract
In this work, the dual-mode aptasensor based on 3D porous AuNPs/MXene using "turn-on" electrochemical method and "turn-off" fluorescent strategy was fabricated. Here, 2D MXene was processed into 3D porous MXene by sacrificial polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) spherical template. And the meteor hammer-like AuNPs which had good electrochemical properties and quenching effect on fluorescence was synthesized by single electrodeposition. Dual-signal labeled Nile Blue (NB) was in situ grafted to the Hg
2+ aptamer ends of 3D porous AuNPs/MXene/GCE, and an efficient and sensitive signal interface was constructed to realize the sensitive detection of Hg2+ . 3D porous AuNPs/MXene had the advantages of large specific surface area, excellent electron transmission performance and signal amplification. The experimental results indicated that this sensor exhibited high sensitivity to Hg2+ in both electrochemical and fluorescent sensing, with detection limits of 2.69 fM and 1.60 fM, respectively. Further, the dual-mode aptasensor can ensure the detection accuracy and target quantization. The dual-mode aptasensor has been successfully applied to the ultra-trace detection of Hg2+ in actual water samples, which shows the potential of aptamer sensor in detecting heavy metal ions in environmental monitoring., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024. Published by Elsevier B.V.)- Published
- 2024
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10. A gold nanoparticle-enhanced dCas9-mediated fluorescence resonance energy transfer for nucleic acid detection.
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Yang Y, Zhai S, Zhang L, Wu Y, Li J, Li Y, Li X, Zhu L, Xu W, Wu G, and Gao H
- Abstract
Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-associated Cas proteins coupled with pre-amplification have shown great potential in molecular diagnoses. However, the current CRISPR-based methods require additional reporters and time-consuming process. Herein, a gold nanoparticle (AuNP)-enhanced CRISPR/dCas9-mediated fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) termed Au-CFRET platform was proposed for rapid, sensitive, and specific detection of nucleic acid for the first time. In the Au-CFRET sensing platform, AuNP was functionalized with dCas9 and used as nanoprobe. Target DNA was amplified with FAM-labeled primers and then precisely bound with AuNP-dCas9. The formed complex rendered the distance between AuNP acceptor and FAM donor to be short enough for the occurrence of FRET, thus resulting in fluorescence quenching. Moreover, AuNPs were demonstrated to enhance binding efficiency of dCas9 to target DNA in Au-CFRET system. The key factors regarding the FRET efficiency were analyzed and characterized in detail, including the length of donor/acceptor and the size of AuNPs. Under the optimal conditions, Au-CFRET could determinate CaMV35S promoter of genetically modified rice as low as 21 copies μL
-1 . Moreover, Au-CFRET sensing system coupled with one-step extraction and recombinase polymerase amplification can identify the genuine plant seeds within 30 min from sampling to results at room/body temperature without expensive equipment or technical expertise, and requires no additional exogenous reporters. Therefore, the proposed sensing platform significantly simplified the system and shortened the assay time for nucleic acid diagnoses., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2024
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11. 3D-printed controllable bio-accelerators with sustained release property to boost chromium (VI) inhibited denitrification recovery.
- Author
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Chao C, Niu J, Liu Y, Zhao M, Wan H, Zhai S, Wang Q, Wu Y, and Zhao Y
- Abstract
Although soluble bio-accelerators have proven effective in mitigating Cr(VI) inhibition within denitrification system, issues persist in immobilizing bio-accelerators and making them slow-release for sustained regulation. In this study, a novel strategy was proposed to fabricate immobilized bio-accelerators with controlled structure, sustained release property by 3D printing technology. Notably, the sustained release of bio-accelerators from 3D-printed bio-accelerators (3DP-B) lasted for at least 144 h. Compared to control group, 3DP-B with basic components (3DP-BB) shortened the recovery time by 1.4 folds, and the COD and NO
3 - -N removal efficiency was 36.5 % and 38.0 % higher than that of natural recovery. Correspondingly, the activity of key enzymes (nitrate reductase, nitrite reductase, nitric oxide reductase, and nitrous oxide reductase), electron transfer system activity and extracellular polymer substances of denitrification biofilm maintained at relatively high levels. Furthermore, introducing 60 mg·L-1 anthraquinone-2,6-disulfonate (AQDS) into the ink showed noticeable superiority on the bio-inhibition release over 1000 mg·L-1 AQDS. The released AQDS facilitated the electron transport capacity by 1.25 times compared with control group. The groundbreaking findings of this study could advance the development of 3D printing technology and utilization of bio-accelerators in the field of wastewater treatment., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024. Published by Elsevier B.V.)- Published
- 2024
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12. Multifunctional nanoenzyme lateral flow immunoassay strip for rapid and ultrasensitive detection of carbofuran in vegetables.
- Author
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Zhai S, Dong H, Wang H, Huang J, Li D, Li Z, Li Z, Li P, Zhang P, Zhao M, Sun X, and Guo Y
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- Immunoassay methods, Food Contamination analysis, Metal-Organic Frameworks chemistry, Platinum chemistry, Antibodies, Monoclonal chemistry, Antibodies, Monoclonal immunology, Insecticides analysis, Nanocomposites chemistry, Magnetite Nanoparticles chemistry, Carbofuran analysis, Vegetables chemistry, Limit of Detection
- Abstract
A lateral flow immunoassay strip (LFIAS) is one of the most frequently rapid test technologies for carbofuran (CAR). Nevertheless, the LFIAS has a poor quantitative capability and low sensitivity. And, it also requires often complex sample handling steps, making testing time longer. In this study, Fe
3 O4 nanoparticles were successively modified with MIL-100(Fe)-based metal-organic framework (MOF) and chloroplatinic acid hexahydrate to obtain a core-shell complex of Fe3 O4 -MOF-Pt. The complex had a peroxidase-mimicking activity catalytic function that enabled signal amplification and sensitivity enhancement. Upon coupling with carbofuran monoclonal antibody (CAR-mAb), the magnetic separation properties of the probe enabled target-specific enrichment. The LFIAS based on Fe3 O4 -MOF-Pt nanocomposites could detect CAR in the range of 0.25-50 ng mL-1 with a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.15 ng mL-1 , enabling colorimetric and catalytic analysis. In addition, the method showed high specificity and stability for detecting CAR in various vegetables, and recovery rates of the spiked samples were 91.40%-102.40%. In conclusion, this study provided one-stop detection of "target enrichment-visual inspection". While lowering the LOD, it reduced the detection time and improved the detection efficiency. The multifunctional Fe3 O4 -MOF-Pt nanocomposite provides an idea for the construction of novel multifunctional probes to improve the detection performance of conventional LFIAS., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024. Published by Elsevier B.V.)- Published
- 2024
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13. A novel codominant plumage color pattern of white breast patches in WugangTong geese was controlled by EDNRB2.
- Author
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Yang Y, Wang H, Liu Y, Zhai S, Liu H, and He D
- Abstract
Two basic plumage color patterns are observed in adult geese: solid grey (G) or colorless white (W). However, a Chinese indigenous breed, the Wugangtong goose (WGT), continues to be subject to selective breeding efforts as it displays segregation of plumage colors, including G, W, and a novel color pattern designated Wb (G with white breast circles). The underlying genetic mechanisms responsible for the Wb phenotype are yet to be determined. The current study employed the population differentiation index (F
ST ) to analyze 90 geese exhibiting diverse plumage colors, identifying the fifth intron of EDNRB2 as a particularly noteworthy region with the highest FST values. Sanger sequencing of the region surrounding the EDNRB2 gene identified a 14-bp insertion within exon 3 as the causal mutation. The heterozygosity of this 14-bp insertion and wild-type alleles was completely associated with the Wb phenotype, thereby substantiating the codominant nature of the G and W phenotypes. An inter-species corroborated this finding cross between the graylag (no 14-bp insertion) and the swan goose (homozygous for the 14-bp insertion) breeds, as hybrids from this cross exhibited the Wb phenotype. Transcriptomes from white breast patches and gray dorsal skins of 4 Wb geese were compared. A significant downregulation of genes involved in melanin synthesis and melanocyte development was observed, including EDRNB2 and MLANA. The downregulation of MLANA indicated that the mutated EDNRB2 resulted in melanocyte loss in specific body regions, as MLANA is a marker gene for melanocytes. The findings were corroborated by melanin staining using the Mansson-Fontana method, which revealed no melanin particles deposited in the white breast patches. In summary, the gray plumage color was codominant to the white color in WGT geese, and plumage color variations were controlled by EDNRB2. The findings of our study offer valuable and practical guidance for the purification of plumage colors among WGT, whether through traditional phenotype selection or molecular breeding methods., Competing Interests: DISCLOSURES The authors declare no conflicts of interest., (Copyright © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2024
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14. Novel cross-linkable fluorescent probe with oriented antibody to enhance lateral immunoassay strip for the detection of acetamiprid.
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Li D, Dong H, Li Z, Wang H, Sun J, Huang J, Li P, Zhou S, Zhai S, Zhao M, Sun X, and Guo Y
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- Immunoassay methods, Animals, Cross-Linking Reagents chemistry, Food Contamination analysis, Insecticides analysis, Antibodies chemistry, Antibodies immunology, Brassica chemistry, Mice, Solanum lycopersicum chemistry, Neonicotinoids analysis, Fluorescent Dyes chemistry, Limit of Detection
- Abstract
Time-resolved fluorescent lateral immunoassay strip (TRFLIS) is a reliable and rapid method for detecting acetamiprid. However, its sensitivity is often affected by the structural patterns and stability of the fluorescent probe. Researchers have shown significant interests in using goat anti-mouse IgG (GaMIgG) which is indirectly bound to time-resolved fluorescent microsphere (TRFM) and antibody. This allowed for oriented modification of the antibody. However, the stability of fluorescent probe in this binding mode remained unexplored. Herein, 1-ethyl-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride was innovatively used as a cross-linking agent to enhance the binding of antibody to GaMIgG, which improved the stability of the fluorescent probe. Under optimal working conditions, this strategy exhibited a wide linear response range of 5-700 ng/mL. Its limit of detection (LOD) was 0.62 ng/mL, the visual LOD was 5 ng/mL, and the limit of quantification (LOQ) of 2.06 ng/mL. Additionally, under tomato matrix, leek matrix and Chinese cabbage matrix, the linear response ranges were 5-400, 5-300, and 5-700 ng/mL, with LODs of 0.16, 0.60, and 0.41 ng/mL, with LOQs of 0.53, 2.01 and 1.37 ng/mL, respectively. In conclusion, this strategy effectively reduced the dosage of acetamiprid antibody compared with TRFM directly linking acetamiprid antibody, and greatly increased the sensitivity of TRFLIS. Meanwhile, it demonstrated outstanding specificity and accuracy in acetamiprid detection and had been successfully applied to vegetable samples. This method enables rapid and accurate detection of large-volume samples by combining qualitative and quantitative methods. As such, it has great potential in the development of low-cost and high-performance immunochromatographic platforms., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024. Published by Elsevier B.V.)
- Published
- 2024
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15. Enhanced-permeability delivery system for hydroxyl radical-responsive NIR-II fluorescence-monitored thrombolytic therapy.
- Author
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Lv N, Zhai S, Xiong J, Hu N, Guo X, Liu Z, and Zhang R
- Abstract
Pathological thrombus can cause serious acute diseases that present a significant threat to human health, such as myocardial infarction and stroke. Challenges remain in achieving effective thrombolysis and real-time monitoring of therapeutic effects while minimizing side effects. Herein,a multifunctional nanoplatform (TG-OPDEA@UK/MnO
2 -H1080) with enhanced thrombus-permeability was developed to monitor the therapeutic effect of antioxidant-thrombolysis by hydroxyl radical-responsive NIR-II fluorescence imaging. The polyzwitterion poly (oxidized N,N-Diethylaminoethyl methacrylate-co-n-butyl methacrylate) (OPDEA) was prepared as the matrix of nanoparticles to simultaneously loading urokinase (UK) and MnO2 QDs, as well as NIR-II fluorescent molecule, H-1080. Subsequently, the fibrin targeted peptide CREKA was modified on the surface of the nanoparticles. OPDEA exhibits efficient loading capacity while endowing nanoparticles with the ability to effectively increased penetration depth of UK by 94.1 % into the thrombus, for extensive thrombolysis and fluorescence monitoring. The loaded UK exhibited good thrombolytic effect and greatly reduced the risk of bleeding by 82.6 %. TG-OPDEA@UK/MnO2 -H1080 showed good thrombolytic efficacy and specific thrombus monitoring in the mouse carotid artery thrombosis model induced by ferric chloride (FeCl3 ). This work prepares a nanoplatform for thrombolytic therapy and real-time efficacy assessment based on an independent externally forced thrombus penetration delivery strategy., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2024
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16. Angle-of-attack and angle-of-sideslip estimation and complementary filter design for civil aircraft.
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Zhai S, Li G, Huang P, Hou M, and Jia Q
- Abstract
Angle-of-Attack (AOA) and angle-of-sideslip (AOS) are critical flight parameters affecting the flight safety, and their accuracy and reliability directly impact the operating status and performance of some significant airborne systems. To enhance the redundancy and accuracy of AOA and AOS, this article investigates the problem of the airflow angles estimation and complementary filter design for civil aircraft. Specifically, an extended Kalman filter based AOA and AOS estimation method considering acceleration correction is developed to increase the redundancy. Subsequently, a novel inertial AOA and inertial AOS calculation method using attitude angles, azimuth angle, and flight path angle is introduced, and two schemes for designing the discrete complementary filter based on Tustin transform are presented to improve the accuracy. Through simulations, the developed algorithms are verified, and the results illustrate that the AOA estimation error is within ± 0.6°, and the AOS estimation error is within ± 0.3°., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 ISA. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2024
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17. Goose IFIT5 positively regulates goose astrovirus replication in GEF cells.
- Author
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Li R, Zhai S, Gao S, Yang X, Zhao J, Zhang X, and Wang Z
- Subjects
- Animals, Phylogeny, Avastrovirus physiology, Avastrovirus genetics, Amino Acid Sequence, Gene Expression Regulation, Geese physiology, Geese virology, Virus Replication, Astroviridae Infections veterinary, Astroviridae Infections virology, Poultry Diseases virology, Avian Proteins genetics, Avian Proteins metabolism
- Abstract
Interferon-induced protein with tetratricopeptide repeats (IFITs), a family of proteins strongly induced by type I interferon (IFN-I), are deeply involved in many cellular and viral processes. IFIT5, the sole protein in this family found in birds, also plays a crucial role in regulating virus infection. In this study, goose IFIT5 (gIFIT5) was first cloned from peripheral blood lymphocyte (PBL) and phylogenetic analysis showed that it was highly homologous with duck IFIT5 (dIFIT5), sharing 94.6% identity in amino acid sequence. Subsequently, the expression kinetics of gIFIT5 during goose astrovirus (GAstV) infection and the regulatory effect of gIFIT5 on GAstV proliferation were evaluated. Results showed that the mRNA and protein expression level of gIFIT5 was greatly induced by GAstV infection, especially at 12 hpi. Importantly, gIFIT5 could conversely promote GAstV replication in GEF cells. Virus titers in gIFIT5 overexpression group were significantly higher than those in control group at 12 and 24 hpi. Western blot and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) further demonstrated that the production of viral cap protein was significantly facilitated in gIFIT5-transfected group. Collectively, GAstV facilitates self-replication via promoting gIFIT5 expression., Competing Interests: DISCLOSURES The authors declare no conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2024
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18. Embryo injected with Ochratoxin A induced jejunum injury in ducklings by activating the TLR4 signaling pathway: Involvement of intestinal microbiota.
- Author
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Peng X, Fan H, Liu J, Jiang X, Liu C, Yang Y, and Zhai S
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- Animals, Embryo, Nonmammalian drug effects, Cytokines metabolism, Oxidative Stress drug effects, Toll-Like Receptor 4 metabolism, Ducks, Ochratoxins toxicity, Gastrointestinal Microbiome drug effects, Signal Transduction drug effects, Jejunum drug effects, Jejunum pathology
- Abstract
Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a common mycotoxin that causes intestinal injury in humans and various animal species. OTA may lead to intestinal injury in offspring due to the maternal effect. The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanism of embryo injected with OTA induced jejunum injury in ducklings. The results showed that OTA disrupted the jejunum tight junctions in hatching ducklings, and promoted the secretion of inflammatory cytokines. And this inflammatory response was caused by the activation of the TLR4 signaling pathway. Moreover, embryo injected with OTA could cause damage to the intestinal barrier in 21-day-old ducks, characterized by shortened villi, crypt hyperplasia, disrupted intestinal tight junctions, increased level of LPS in the jejunum, activation of the TLR4 signaling pathway, and increased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Meanwhile, OTA induced oxidative stress in the jejunum. And dysbiosis of gut microbiota was mainly characterized by an increased the relative abundance of Bacteroides, Megamonas, Fournierella, and decreased the relative abundance of Alistipes and Weissella. Interestingly, embryo injected with OTA did not induce these changes in the jejunum of antibiotics-treated 21-day-old ducks. In conclusion, embryo injected with OTA induced jejunum injury in ducklings by activating the TLR4 signaling pathway, which involvement of intestinal microbiota., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2024
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19. Effects of dietary protein level on liver lipid deposition, bile acid profile and gut microbiota composition of growing pullets.
- Author
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Yuan X, Fang X, Li Y, Yan Z, Zhai S, Yang Y, and Song J
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- Animals, Female, Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena drug effects, Random Allocation, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Gastrointestinal Microbiome drug effects, Chickens, Bile Acids and Salts metabolism, Liver metabolism, Liver drug effects, Animal Feed analysis, Lipid Metabolism drug effects, Diet veterinary, Dietary Proteins administration & dosage, Dietary Proteins metabolism
- Abstract
The current study investigated the effects of dietary crude protein (CP) level on the liver lipid metabolism, gut microbiota, and bile acids (BA) profiles of growing pullets. Roman growing pullets (N = 180, 13-wk-old) were divided into 3 treatments groups with 6 replicates in each group and 10 hens in each replicate and provided 3 different dietary CP level diet treatments. The diet treatments included: a high-protein diet (15.5% CP, HP group), a medium-protein diet (14.5% CP, MP group), and a low-protein diet (13.5% CP, LP group). Compared with HP group, LP group significantly increased the lipid contents in the body (such as Breast intramuscular fat [BIMF], Leg intramuscular fat [LIMF], Percentage of abdominal fat [PAF], liver triglyceride [TG] and liver cholesterol [TC]), and the lipid metabolism-related parameters in serum (such as cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein cholesterol [HDL-C], low density lipoprotein cholesterol [LDL-C], very low density lipoprotein [VLDL]), and the mRNA expression of lipid metabolism-related genes (such as fatty acid synthase [FAS], CCAAT/enhancer binding protein β [C/EBPβ], and fatty acid translocase [FAT/CD6]) (P < 0.05). In addition, LP group significantly reduced the contents of lithocholic acid (LCA), isoLCA, and ursodesoxycholic acid (UDCA), and increased the deoxycholic acid (DCA) content compared with HP group (P < 0.05). The effects of LCA on lipid deposition were confirmed in chicken preadipocyte cell line (CPI), in which LCA supplementation significantly decreased the relative expression of PPARγ, FAS, acyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) and SREBP-1c (P < 0.05). Correlation analysis further revealed a significant association between BA profiles and lipid metabolism-related parameters. Furthermore, 16S rRNA gene sequencing indicated that dietary protein level can significantly affect the richness, diversity, and composition of cecal microbiota in growing pullets. LP group significantly increased the abundance of Bacteroidetes and significantly decreased the abundance of Firmicutesa compared with the HP group. In summary, low protein diet in growing pullets influence the liver lipid metabolism through changing the gut microbiota and liver BA metabolism., Competing Interests: DISCLOSURES The authors declare no conflicts of interest., (Copyright © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2024
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20. Extraction, purification, structural features, and pharmacological properties of polysaccharides from Houttuynia cordata: A review.
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Liu J, Zou J, Wang J, Wang R, Zhai S, Chang X, Zhang X, Sun J, Luan F, and Shi Y
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- Humans, Animals, Antioxidants pharmacology, Antioxidants chemistry, Antioxidants isolation & purification, Anti-Inflammatory Agents pharmacology, Anti-Inflammatory Agents chemistry, Anti-Inflammatory Agents isolation & purification, Houttuynia chemistry, Polysaccharides pharmacology, Polysaccharides chemistry, Polysaccharides isolation & purification
- Abstract
Houttuynia cordata Thunb, also known as "Chinese medicine antibiotic", is a medicine food homology plant. It has functions of clearing heat, eliminating toxins, in folk medicine. The extraction purification and bioactivity of Houttuynia cordata polysaccharides (HCPs) have been of wide interest to researchers in recent years studies. Studies have confirmed that HCPs exhibit various biofunctionalities, such as anti-inflammatory, antiviral, antibacterial, antioxidant, immunomodulatory, regulation of gut microbiota, and gut-lung axis, as well as anti-radiation, and anti-cancer properties. Therefore, a comprehensive systematic review is needed to summarize the recent advances of HCPs and facilitate a better understanding of their biofunctionalities. This paper reviews the research progress of HCPs in extraction and purification methods, chemical structures, biological activities, possible mechanisms of action, and potential application prospects, which can provide some valuable insights and updated information for their further development and application of HCPs in the fields of therapeutic agents, functional foods, cosmetics, animal feeds., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2024
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21. Evaluation of the growth performance, meat quality, and gut microbiota of broilers fed diets containing walnut green husk extract.
- Author
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Wu Y, Zhai S, Fang M, Zhang H, and Chen Y
- Subjects
- Animals, Random Allocation, Male, Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena drug effects, Antioxidants metabolism, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Chickens growth & development, Chickens physiology, Gastrointestinal Microbiome drug effects, Diet veterinary, Animal Feed analysis, Dietary Supplements analysis, Plant Extracts administration & dosage, Plant Extracts pharmacology, Meat analysis, Juglans chemistry
- Abstract
This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of walnut green husk extract (WGHe) on the growth performance, meat quality, antioxidative status, gut morphology, and microbiota diversity of broilers. A total of 216 one-day-old broilers were divided into 4 groups, each consisting of 9 replicates (6 birds per replicate) as follows: 1) control group, basal diet; 2) antibiotic group, basal diet supplemented with enduracidin and colistin sulfate; 3) low-dose group, basal diet supplemented with 5.0 g/kg WGHe; and 4) high-dose group, basal diet supplemented with 10.0 g/kg WGHe. The results revealed that the percentage of abdominal fat decreased, and the ratio of the duodenal villus length to crypt depth (V/C), as well as the α-diversity of the ileal microbiota, increased with 10.0 g/kg WGHe supplementation (P < 0.05). The shear force of the breast muscle and plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration decreased, whereas the plasma peroxidase (POD) activity, Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC), and jejunal villus length increased in response to WGHe supplementation (P < 0.05). Compared with the antibiotic diet, the addition of 5.0 g/kg WGHe resulted in a significant increase in the relative abundances of Candidatus Arthromitus, Eubacterium coprostanoligenes, and Ruminococcaceae UCG-014 (P < 0.01). Furthermore, the addition of 10.0 g/kg WGHe increased the relative abundances of Candidatus Arthromitus and Lachnoclostridium, whereas the relative abundance of unidentified Chloroplast decreased (P < 0.05). In conclusion, dietary supplementation with 10.0 g/kg WGHe is advantageous for intestinal health, meat quality, and antioxidant status in broilers, suggesting its potential as a functional additive in poultry production., Competing Interests: DISCLOSURES The authors declare no conflicts of interest., (Copyright © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2024
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22. New insights into N 2 O emission and electron competition under different chemical oxygen demand to nitrogen ratios in a biofilm system.
- Author
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Zhao Y, Yuan X, Du Z, Niu J, Song J, Zhai S, Liu Y, and Nuramkhaan M
- Subjects
- Denitrification, Bioreactors, Electrons, Waste Disposal, Fluid methods, Air Pollutants, Models, Theoretical, Biofilms, Nitrous Oxide metabolism, Nitrogen metabolism, Biological Oxygen Demand Analysis
- Abstract
Nitrous oxide (N
2 O) is a greenhouse gas that could accumulate during the heterotrophic denitrification process. In this study, the effects of different chemical oxygen demand to nitrogen ratio (COD/N) on N2 O production and electron competition was investigated. The electron competition was intensified with the decrease of electron supply, and Nos had the best electron competition ability. The model simulation results indicated that the degradation of NOx-Ns was a combination of diffusion and biological degradation. As reaction proceeding, N2 O could accumulate inside biofilm. A thinner biofilm and a longer hydraulic retention time (HRT) might be an effective way to control N2 O emission. The application of mathematical model is an opportunity to gain deep understanding of substrate degradation and electron competition inside biofilm., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2024
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23. A nimble strategy for enabling bioderived flame retardants with strikingly enhanced interfacial compatibility in poly (lactic acid) composites.
- Author
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Yi L, Lu J, Su J, Zhai S, and Han J
- Subjects
- Tensile Strength, Chitosan chemistry, Phytic Acid chemistry, Triazines chemistry, Flame Retardants, Polyesters chemistry
- Abstract
The utilization of bioderived flame retardants in biodegradable poly (lactic acid) (PLA) has profound practical implications for extending the widespread application of PLA composites and protecting the environment. Nevertheless, there are still certain challenges that require prompt attention, especially the ineffectiveness of bio-based flame retardants and their deterioration of the mechanical properties of PLA. This work introduced triglycidyl isocyanurate (TGIC), which has multiple epoxy functions, into the self-assembly process of phytic acid (PA) and chitosan (CS). The epoxy-modified bioderived flame retardant PA@CS-TGIC (PCT) was well dispersed in the PLA matrix and had a strong interfacial adhesion, while also TGIC had a synergistic char-forming effect. By compounding epoxy-modified ammonium polyphosphate (MAPP), 3%PCT/MAPP-PLA composites may reach a LOI value of 28.8 % and UL-94 V-0 rating. Simultaneously, the melting droplets had been considerably reduced. Tensile strength of the 3%PCT/MAPP-PLA composites was 67.0 MPa, 10.8 % higher than that of pure PLA. This work paves a new avenue for the development of PLA composites with robust mechanical and flame retardant properties., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2024
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24. Dimensionally stable and durable wood by lignin impregnation.
- Author
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Leng W, Wang J, He S, Wang X, Zhai S, Li W, Quan H, Lu B, Shi J, Hafez I, and Zhang X
- Subjects
- Cell Wall chemistry, Hydrolysis, Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared, Lignin chemistry, Wood chemistry
- Abstract
Cracking, warping, and decaying stemming from wood's poor dimensional stability and durability are the most annoying issues of natural wood. There is an urgent need to address these issues, of which, sustainable and green chemical treatments are favorably welcomed. Herein, we developed a facile method through the incorporation of environmentally friendly biopolymer lignin into wood cells for wood dimensional stability and durability enhancement. Enzymatic hydrolysis lignin (EHL) was dissolved into various solvents followed by impregnation and drying to incorporate lignin into wood cells. Impregnation treatment was developed to incorporate into wood to improve its dimensional stability, durability, and micromechanics. The anti-swelling efficiency reached up to 99.4 %, the moisture absorption decreased down to 0.55 %, the mass loss after brown rot decay decreased to 7.22 %, and the cell wall elasticity as well as hardness increased 8.7 % and 10.3 %, respectively. Analyses acquired from scanning electron microscopy, fluorescent microscopy, and Raman imaging revealed that the EHL was successfully colonized in cell lumen as well as in cell walls, thus improved wood dimensional stability and durability. Moreover, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy confirmed EHL interaction with the cell wall components, thus the wood mechanical property was not impaired significantly, whereas nanoindentation data indicated even slight mechanical enhancement on the cell walls. This facile approach can improve the wood properties in multiple aspects and remarkably enhance the outdoor performance of modified wood products. In addition, using lignin as a natural modifying agent to improve wood performance will have a great positive impact on the environment., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: WEIQI LENG reports financial support was provided by National Natural Science Foundation of China. WEIQI LENG reports financial support was provided by Jiangsu Province Natural Science Foundation. If there are other authors, they declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2024
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25. Using machine learning to identify proteomic and metabolomic signatures of stroke in atrial fibrillation.
- Author
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Zhang F, Zhang Y, Zhou Q, Shi Y, Gao X, Zhai S, and Zhang H
- Subjects
- Humans, Proteomics, Biomarkers, Machine Learning, Atrial Fibrillation, Stroke
- Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common cardiac arrhythmia, with stroke being its most detrimental comorbidity. The exact mechanism of AF related stroke (AFS) still needs to be explored. In this study, we integrated proteomics and metabolomics platform to explore disordered plasma proteins and metabolites between AF patients and AFS patients. There were 22 up-regulated and 31 down-regulated differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in AFS plasma samples. Moreover, 63 up-regulated and 51 down-regulated differentially expressed metabolites (DEMs) were discovered in AFS plasma samples. We integrated proteomics and metabolomics based on the topological interactions of DEPs and DEMs, which yielded revealed several related pathways such as arachidonic acid metabolism, serotonergic synapse, purine metabolism, tyrosine metabolism and steroid hormone biosynthesis. We then performed a machine learning model to identify potential biomarkers of stroke in AF. Finally, we selected 6 proteins and 6 metabolites as candidate biomarkers for predicting stroke in AF by random forest, the area under the curve being 0.976. In conclusion, this study provides new perspectives for understanding the progressive mechanisms of AF related stroke and discovering innovative biomarkers for determining the prognosis of stroke in AF., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no competing interests., (Copyright © 2024. Published by Elsevier Ltd.)
- Published
- 2024
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26. Highly efficient Cu(II) capture by salicylaldoxime functionalized magnetic polydopamine core-shell hybrids: Behavior and mechanism.
- Author
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Zhu K, He X, Chen P, Peng J, Dong X, and Zhai S
- Subjects
- Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared, Adsorption, Magnetic Phenomena, Kinetics, Magnetics, Water Pollutants, Chemical chemistry, Indoles, Oximes, Polymers
- Abstract
Functionalized magnetic nanocomposites were considered as promising adsorbents owing to their abundant functional groups and ease of separation properties. Herein, we combined the solvothermal method with molecular copolymerization to synthesize a salicylaldoxime-grafted magnetic polydopamine (SMP) core-shell hybrid and exploited it for Cu(II) adsorption. The physicochemical properties of SMP were comprehensively studied by SEM, TEM, XRD, FT-IR, TGA, XPS, and VSM measurements. The results manifested that polydopamine acts as a bridge connecting magnetic iron oxide and salicylaldoxime to fabricated core-shell hybrids with rich functional groups. The batch experimental results showed that the Cu(II) adsorption was consumingly pH-reliant behavior, while adsorption data fitted the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Langmuir isothermal model well, and the adsorption process achieved equilibrium within 60 min. Moreover, SMP exhibited remarkable anti-interference and can be recycled for 5 times with an inconspicuous decrease in adsorption performance. Importantly, salicylaldoxime functionalization endowed SMP with maximum Cu(II) adsorption capacity of 141.24 mg/g at pH 6.0 and 25 °C as compared with pure MP. Based on FT-IR and XPS study, the main adsorption mechanisms were proposed with a synergistic effect including a strong chemical chelation and partial Cu(II) reduction. Importantly, this strategy can be extended to multifunctional magnetic composites for Cu-contaminated wastewater cleanup., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2024
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27. Applying machine learning to anaerobic fermentation of waste sludge using two targeted modeling strategies.
- Author
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Zhai S, Chen K, Yang L, Li Z, Yu T, Chen L, and Zhu H
- Subjects
- Fermentation, Anaerobiosis, Hydrogen-Ion Concentration, Sewage, Fatty Acids, Volatile
- Abstract
Anaerobic fermentation is an effective method to harvest volatile fatty acids (VFAs) from waste activated sludge (WAS). Accurately predicting and optimizing VFAs production is crucial for anaerobic fermentation engineering. In this study, we developed machine learning models using two innovative strategies to precisely predict the daily yield of VFAs in a laboratory anaerobic fermenter. Strategy-1 focuses on model interpretability to comprehend the influence of variables of interest on VFAs production, while Strategy-2 takes into account the cost of variable acquisition, making it more suitable for practical applications in prediction and optimization. The results showed that Support Vector Regression emerged as the most effective model in this study, with testing R
2 values of 0.949 and 0.939 for the two strategies, respectively. We conducted feature importance analysis to identify the critical factors that influence VFAs production. Detailed explanations were provided using partial dependence plots and Shepley Additive Explanations analyses. To optimize VFAs production, we integrated the developed model with optimization algorithms, resulting in a maximum yield of 2997.282 mg/L. This value was 45.2 % higher than the average VFAs level in the operated fermenter. Our study offers valuable insights for predicting and optimizing VFAs production in sludge anaerobic fermentation, and it facilitates engineering practice in VFAs harvesting from WAS., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2024
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28. Nanoparticles with intermediate hydrophobicity polarize macrophages to plaque-specific Mox phenotype via Nrf2 and HO-1 activation.
- Author
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Zhai S, Zhang X, Jiang M, Liu Y, Qu G, Cui X, Hirschbiegel CM, Liu Y, Alves C, Lee YW, Jiang G, Yan B, and Rotello VM
- Subjects
- Reactive Oxygen Species metabolism, Lipopolysaccharides pharmacology, Macrophages metabolism, Heme Oxygenase-1 genetics, NF-E2-Related Factor 2 genetics, NF-E2-Related Factor 2 metabolism, Nanoparticles toxicity
- Abstract
Mox macrophages were identified recently and are closely associated with atherosclerosis. Considering the potential health risks and the impact on macrophage modulation, this study investigated the Mox polarization of macrophages induced by nanoparticles (NPs) with tunable hydrophobicity. One nanoparticle (C4NP) with intermediate hydrophobicity efficiently upregulated the mRNA expression of Mox-related genes including HO-1, Srxn1, Txnrd1, Gsr, Vegf and Cox-2 through increased accumulation of Nrf2 at a nontoxic concentration in both resting and LPS-challenged macrophages. Additionally, C4NP impaired phagocytic capacity by 20% and significantly increased the secretion of cytokines, including TNFα, IL-6 and IL-10. Mechanistic studies indicated that intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) were elevated by 1.5-fold and 2.6-fold in resting and LPS-challenged macrophages respectively. Phosphorylated p62 was increased by 2.5-fold in resting macrophages and maintained a high level in LPS-challenged ones, both of which partially accounted for the significant accumulation of Nrf2 and HO-1. Notably, C4NP depolarized mitochondrial membrane potential by more than 50% and switched macrophages from oxidative phosphorylation-based aerobic metabolism to glycolysis for energy supply. Overall, this study reveals a novel molecular mechanism potentially involving ROS-Nrf2-p62 signaling in mediating macrophage Mox polarization, holding promise in ensuring safer and more efficient use of nanomaterials., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024. Published by Elsevier B.V.)
- Published
- 2024
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29. Screening of broad-spectrum aptamer and development of electrochemical aptasensor for simultaneous detection of penicillin antibiotics in milk.
- Author
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Hu M, Yue F, Dong J, Tao C, Bai M, Liu M, Zhai S, Chen S, Liu W, Qi G, Vrublevsky I, Sun X, and Guo Y
- Subjects
- Humans, Animals, Milk chemistry, Penicillins analysis, Gold chemistry, SELEX Aptamer Technique methods, Limit of Detection, Metal Nanoparticles chemistry, Aptamers, Nucleotide chemistry, Biosensing Techniques methods
- Abstract
Penicillin antibiotics (PENs) play an important role in killing pathogenic bacteria. However, the residues of various penicillin antibiotics in milk gradually accumulate in the human body with the increase of milk intake, which causes direct harm to the human body. Aptamers can be used as recognition element of sensors. It is great significance to use broad-spectrum aptamers for simultaneous detection of PENs. In this study, we reported the screening and identification of DNA aptamers for PENs. The aptamers were screened by graphene oxide-systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (GO-SELEX). The broad-spectrum aptamers with high affinity and specificity were successfully obtained after 13 rounds of screening. The affinity and specificity of candidate aptamers were analyzed by a GO fluorescence competition method. Further sequence analysis revealed that a truncated 47 nt aptamer (P-11-1) had a higher affinity than the original 79 nt aptamer. The truncated aptamer P-11-1 was used as a recognition element, and an electrochemical aptasensor was prepared using gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) combined with ferroferric oxide-multi walled carbon nanotube (Fe
3 O4 -MWCNTs) complex. The results showed that the developed aptasensor achieved the simultaneous detection of PENs in milk samples across a concentration range of 2 nM-10,000 nM, achieving a limit of detection of 0.667 nM. This methodology provided a simple and sensitive new thinking for antibiotic multi-residue detection., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2023 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2024
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30. Temperature-dependent Raman spectra and thermal expansion of MgP 2 O 6 .
- Author
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Xue W, Dai B, Zhai K, Song H, Wen W, and Zhai S
- Abstract
The Raman spectra and thermal expansion of MgP
2 O6 metaphosphate were investigated at various temperatures up to 1073 K at ambient pressure. No temperature-induced phase transition was observed in this study. The effect of temperature on the Raman active vibrations and unit cell parameters was determined. All the observed Raman active bands of MgP2 O6 showed linear temperature dependences in the range of -2.61 × 10-2 ∼ -0.49 × 10-2 cm-1 K-1 . The thermal expansion coefficient of MgP2 O6 was estimated to be 3.21(2) × 10-5 K-1 . An axial anisotropic thermal expansion exists and the c-axis shows the smallest thermal expansion. The isobaric mode Grüneisen parameters of MgP2 O6 were calculated. The obtained results were compared with other compounds in the MgO-P2 O5 system., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2023 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2023
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31. Polydopamine and calcium functionalized fiber carrier for enhancing microbial attachment and Cr(VI) resistance.
- Author
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Wu Y, Niu J, Yuan X, Liu Y, Zhai S, and Zhao Y
- Abstract
The formation of biofilm determines the performance and stability of biofilm system. Increasing the hydrophilicity of the carrier surface could efficiently accelerate the attachment and growth of microorganisms. Here, the surface of polypropylene (PP) fiber carrier was modified with polydopamine (PDA) and calcium (Ca(II)) to enhance microbial attachment and toxicity resistance. The results of surface characteristic confirmed the self-polymerization of PDA and the chelation mechanism of Ca(II). Subsequently, the biofilm formation experiments were conducted in sequencing batch biofilm reactors using both normal and chromium-containing wastewater. The biofilm on the surface of the modified carrier exhibited better nitrogen removal and Cr(VI) reduction ability. The biomass of the modified carrier was significantly increased, and the maximum microbial attachment amounts in normal wastewater and chrome-containing wastewater were 1153.34 and 511.78 mg/g carrier, respectively. Furthermore, the confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM) indicated that the modified carrier coated with PDA and Ca(II) were both biocompatible, and the cell activity was significantly increased. 16S rRNA sequencing results showed that the modified carrier efficiently enriched both denitrification bacteria (Thauera and Flavobacterium) and chrome-reducing bacteria (Simplicispira and Arenimonas) to improve system stability and Cr(VI) resistance. Microbial phenotype prediction based on BugBase analysis further verified the enrichment effect of modified carriers on microorganisms responsible for biofilm formation and oxidative stress resistance. Overall, this work proposed a novel functional carrier that could provide references for advancing the application of biofilm systems in wastewater treatment., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2023 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2023
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32. Prompt-enhanced hierarchical transformer elevating cardiopulmonary resuscitation instruction via temporal action segmentation.
- Author
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Liu Y, Zhong X, Zhai S, Du Z, Gao Z, Huang Q, Zhang CY, Jiang B, Pandey VK, Han S, Wang R, Han Y, Wang C, and Qin P
- Subjects
- Humans, Manikins, Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation education, Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation methods, Heart Arrest
- Abstract
The vast majority of people who suffer unexpected cardiac arrest are performed cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) by passersby in a desperate attempt to restore life, but endeavors turn out to be fruitless on account of disqualification. Fortunately, many pieces of research manifest that disciplined training will help to elevate the success rate of resuscitation, which constantly desires a seamless combination of novel techniques to yield further advancement. To this end, we collect a specialized CPR video dataset in which trainees make efforts to behave resuscitation on mannequins independently in adherence to approved guidelines, promoting an auxiliary toolbox to assist supervision and rectification of intermediate potential issues via modern deep learning methodologies. Our research empirically views this problem as a temporal action segmentation (TAS) task in computer vision, which aims to segment an untrimmed video at a frame-wise level. Here, we propose a Prompt-enhanced hierarchical Transformer (PhiTrans) that integrates three indispensable modules, including a textual prompt-based Video Features Extractor (VFE), a transformer-based Action Segmentation Executor (ASE), and a regression-based Prediction Refinement Calibrator (PRC). The backbone preferentially derives from applications in three approved public datasets (GTEA, 50Salads, and Breakfast) collected for TAS tasks, which experimentally facilitates the model excavation on the CPR dataset. In general, we probe into a feasible pipeline that elevates the CPR instruction qualification via action segmentation equipped with novel deep learning techniques. Associated experiments on the CPR dataset advocate our resolution with surpassing 91.0% on Accuracy, Edit score, and F1 score., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2023. Published by Elsevier Ltd.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Combined health effects of PM 2.5 components on respiratory mortality in short-term exposure using BKMR: A case study in Sichuan, China.
- Author
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Zhai S, Zeng J, Zhang Y, Huang J, Li X, Wang W, Zhang T, Deng Y, Yin F, and Ma Y
- Subjects
- Humans, Bayes Theorem, Particulate Matter analysis, Environmental Exposure, China epidemiology, Air Pollutants toxicity, Air Pollutants analysis, Air Pollution adverse effects, Air Pollution analysis, Respiratory Tract Diseases chemically induced
- Abstract
One of the major causes of global mortality is respiratory diseases. Fine particulate matter (PM
2.5 ) increased the risk of respiratory death in short-term exposure. PM2.5 is the chemical mixture of components with different health effects. The combined health effects of PM2.5 are determined by the role of each component and the potential interaction between components, but they have not been studied in short-term exposure. Sichuan Province (SC), with high respiratory mortality and heavy PM2.5 pollution, had distinctive regional differences in four regions in sources and proportions of PM2.5 , so it was divided into four regions to explore the combined health effects of PM2.5 components on respiratory mortality in short-term exposure and to identify the main hazardous components. Due to the multicollinear, interactive, and nonlinear characteristics of the associations between PM2.5 components and respiratory mortality, Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) was used to characterize the combined health effects, along with quantile-based g-computation (QGC) as a reference. Positive combined effects of PM2.5 were found in all four regions of Sichuan using BKMR with excess risks (ER) of 0.0101-0.0132 (95 % CI: 0.0093-0.0158) and in the central basin and northwest basin using QGC with relative risks (RR) of 1.0064 (95 % CI: 1.0039, 1.0089) and 1.0044 (95 % CI: 1.0022, 1.0066), respectively. In addition, the adverse health effect was larger in cold seasons than that in warm seasons, so vulnerable people should reduce outdoor activities in heavily polluted days, especially in the cold season. For the components of PM2.5 , the BC and OM mainly from traffic, dominated the adverse health effects on respiratory mortality. Furthermore, NO3 - might aggravate the adverse health effects of BC/OM. Therefore, BC/OM and NO3 - should be focused together in air pollution control., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2023 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2023
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34. Understanding the coordination behavior of antibiotics: Take tetracycline as an example.
- Author
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Wang Q, Xu Q, Zhai S, Zhao Q, Liu W, Chen Z, and Wang A
- Subjects
- Ligands, Fluorescence, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Tetracycline
- Abstract
Gaining insight into the occurrence states of residual antibiotics is crucial to demystify their environmental behavior. However, the complexation of heteroatoms functioned on antibiotic molecules to metal ions in the water environment is not fully understood. This study reports that a fluorescence response was unexpectedly triggered by tetracycline (TC) and Al
3+ , serving as solid evidence to visualize the Al3+ -TC coordination reaction. Differential electron absorption spectroscopy shows a quantifiable signal of the redshifted n-π* transition with a coordination reaction, which is also proportional to the fluorescence. The occurrence of Al3+ -complexed TC also caused a split in retention time in liquid chromatogram. The TC ligands were re-released in the presence of stronger ligands competing for central Al3+ . The complex ratio of Al3+ -TC is confirmed to be 1:1 using Job's plot with a stability constant of 1.01 × 106 . Quantum chemical computations coupled with Gibbs free energy analysis simulated the formation of octahedral Al3+ -TC configuration through a spontaneous bidentate chelation. This study helps convey a broad consensus and opens a new door in the mechanistic study of metal-involved antibiotic transformation process, leading to a better understanding that can ultimately be essential to reach the final goal of alleviating the antibiotic crisis., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2023 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. The barriers and facilitators for the implementation of clinical practice guidelines in healthcare: an umbrella review of qualitative and quantitative literature.
- Author
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Zhou P, Chen L, Wu Z, Wang E, Yan Y, Guan X, Zhai S, and Yang K
- Subjects
- Humans, Systematic Reviews as Topic, Practice Guidelines as Topic, Delivery of Health Care
- Abstract
Objectives: To identify barriers and facilitators of clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) implementation, and map those factors to the theoretical domains framework (TDF) and behavior change wheel (BCW)., Methods: We conducted an umbrella review of systematic reviews. PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library were searched. Two investigators independently screened the studies, extracted the data, and assessed the methodological quality. The identified barriers and facilitators of CPG implementation were categorized and mapped to the TDF domains and BCW components., Results: Thirty-seven studies were included, and 193 barriers and 140 facilitators were identified. Intrinsic aspects (35 barriers and 28 facilitators) mainly included the CPGs' impracticality, complexity, and inaccessibility. Extrinsic aspects (158 barriers and 113 facilitators) mainly included lack of resources, training, funding, or awareness of CPG content in barriers; audits and feedback; strong leadership and management support; and educating and training about CPGs in facilitators. Environmental context and resources (n = 97, 19.48%) were the most reported barriers in TDF domains. Physical opportunity and social opportunity were the most frequently mentioned models in BCW., Conclusion: Multiple barriers and facilitators for healthcare CPG implementation are identified, with further links to TDF and BCW. Future knowledge translation strategies should be developed accordingly in specified health care settings., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors have no competing interests., (Copyright © 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. MyoPS: A benchmark of myocardial pathology segmentation combining three-sequence cardiac magnetic resonance images.
- Author
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Li L, Wu F, Wang S, Luo X, Martín-Isla C, Zhai S, Zhang J, Liu Y, Zhang Z, Ankenbrand MJ, Jiang H, Zhang X, Wang L, Arega TW, Altunok E, Zhao Z, Li F, Ma J, Yang X, Puybareau E, Oksuz I, Bricq S, Li W, Punithakumar K, Tsaftaris SA, Schreiber LM, Yang M, Liu G, Xia Y, Wang G, Escalera S, and Zhuang X
- Subjects
- Humans, Heart diagnostic imaging, Myocardium pathology, Magnetic Resonance Imaging methods, Benchmarking, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted methods
- Abstract
Assessment of myocardial viability is essential in diagnosis and treatment management of patients suffering from myocardial infarction, and classification of pathology on the myocardium is the key to this assessment. This work defines a new task of medical image analysis, i.e., to perform myocardial pathology segmentation (MyoPS) combining three-sequence cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) images, which was first proposed in the MyoPS challenge, in conjunction with MICCAI 2020. Note that MyoPS refers to both myocardial pathology segmentation and the challenge in this paper. The challenge provided 45 paired and pre-aligned CMR images, allowing algorithms to combine the complementary information from the three CMR sequences for pathology segmentation. In this article, we provide details of the challenge, survey the works from fifteen participants and interpret their methods according to five aspects, i.e., preprocessing, data augmentation, learning strategy, model architecture and post-processing. In addition, we analyze the results with respect to different factors, in order to examine the key obstacles and explore the potential of solutions, as well as to provide a benchmark for future research. The average Dice scores of submitted algorithms were 0.614±0.231 and 0.644±0.153 for myocardial scars and edema, respectively. We conclude that while promising results have been reported, the research is still in the early stage, and more in-depth exploration is needed before a successful application to the clinics. MyoPS data and evaluation tool continue to be publicly available upon registration via its homepage (www.sdspeople.fudan.edu.cn/zhuangxiahai/0/myops20/)., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2023 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. A visual CRISPR/dCas9-mediated enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for nucleic acid detection with single-base specificity.
- Author
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Zhai S, Yang Y, Wu Y, Li J, Li Y, Wu G, Liang J, and Gao H
- Subjects
- Immunosorbents, DNA Primers, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, CRISPR-Associated Protein 9, Nucleic Acids
- Abstract
Specific and economical nucleic acid detection is crucial for molecular diagnoses in resource-limited settings. Various facile readout approaches have been developed for nucleic acid detection, but they have limited specificity. Herein, nuclease-dead Cas9 (dCas9)/sgRNA was used as an excellent DNA recognition probe system to develop a visual clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/dCas9-mediated enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for specific and sensitive detection of cauliflwer mosaic virus 35s (CaMV35S) promoter in genetically modified (GM) crops. In this work, the CaMV35S promoter was amplified with biotinylated primers, and then precisely bound with dCas9 in the presence of sgRNA. The formed complex was captured by antibody-coated microplate and bound to a streptavidin-labeled horseradish peroxidase probe for the visual detection. Under the optimal conditions, dCas9-ELISA could detect CaMV35s promoter as low as 12.5 copies μL
-1 . Moreover, the proposed method was capable to distinguish the target sequence with single-base specificity. Coupled with one-step extraction and recombinase polymerase amplification, dCas9-ELISA can identify actual GM rice seeds within 1.5 h from sampling to results without expensive equipment and technical expertise. Therefore, the proposed method offers a specific, sensitive, rapid and cost-effective detection platform for molecular diagnoses., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2023 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2023
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38. A comparative study of the accumulation and detoxification of copper and zinc in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii: The role of extracellular polymeric substances.
- Author
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Li C, Li P, Fu H, Chen J, Ye M, Zhai S, Hu F, Zhang C, Ge Y, and Fortin C
- Subjects
- Copper chemistry, Zinc metabolism, Extracellular Polymeric Substance Matrix metabolism, Organic Chemicals, Proteins, Polysaccharides, Acids, Adsorption, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii metabolism, Metals, Heavy chemistry
- Abstract
Extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) form an interface between microalgae and the surrounding water environment. Copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) are essential micronutrients but may negatively affect microbial growth when their concentrations reach toxic thresholds. However, how EPS affect the accumulation and resistance of Cu and Zn in microalgae remains largely unknown. Here, we investigated EPS production upon Cu/Zn exposure and compared the tolerance strategies to the two metals by Chlamydomonas reinhardtii with and without EPS. Microalgal EPS synthesis was induced by Cu/Zn treatments, and the functional groups of polysaccharides and proteins were involved in complexation with metal ions. The extraction of EPS aggravated the toxicity and reduced the removal of metals from solution, but the effect was more pronounced for Cu than for Zn. Copper bound on the cell surface accounted for 54.6 ± 2.0 % of the Cu accumulated by C. reinhardtii, whose EPS components strongly correlated with Cu adsorption. In contrast, 74.3 ± 3.0 % of accumulated Zn was absorbed in cells, and glutathione synthesis was significantly induced. Redundancy and linear correlation analyses showed that the polysaccharide, protein and DNA contents in EPS were significantly correlated with Cu accumulation, absorption and adsorption but not with Zn. Data fitted to a Michaelis-Menten model further showed that the EPS-intact cells had higher binding capacity for Cu
2+ but not for Zn2+ . These differential impacts of EPS on Cu/Zn sorption and detoxification contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of the roles of microalgal EPS in the biogeochemical cycle of metals., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2023 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Two-photon imaging for visualizing polarity in lipid droplets during chemotherapy induced Ferroptosis.
- Author
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Zhai B, Hu W, Zhai S, Liang T, and Liu Z
- Subjects
- Lipid Droplets metabolism, Reactive Oxygen Species, Fluorescent Dyes chemistry, Lipid Peroxides metabolism, Lipid Peroxides pharmacology, Ferroptosis, Antineoplastic Agents pharmacology, Antineoplastic Agents metabolism
- Abstract
As a novel pattern of regulated cell death (RCD), Ferroptosis is induced by lipid peroxide-dependent iron accumulation, which is associated with reactive oxygen species (ROS). Ferroptosis regulates cell death via ROS accumulation-related lipid peroxides accumulation, affecting the structure and polarity of lipid droplets (LDs). Compared with reactive fluorescent probes, environment-sensitive fluorescent probes allow for maximum preservation of the intracellular environment while monitoring metabolic activity in situ, resulting in more accurate monitoring results. In this study, a polarity-sensitive two-photon fluorescent probe with anchoring capacity in LDs, LIP-Pola, is reported and applied to monitor the polarity of LDs during cell Ferroptosis by in situ imaging analysis of cell Ferroptosis via LDs polarity changes. Additionally, Paclitaxel is shown to increase the Ferroptosis level from data of cells and tumor tissue sections, suggesting that Paclitaxel may deactivate tumor cells by regulating Ferroptosis., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2023 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Designed synthesis of multifunctional lignin-based adsorbent for efficient heavy metal ions removal and electromagnetic wave absorption.
- Author
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Du B, Chai L, Zheng Q, Liu Y, Wang X, Chen X, Zhai S, Zhou J, and Sun RC
- Subjects
- Lignin, Lead, Ions, Electromagnetic Radiation, Adsorption, Kinetics, Metals, Heavy, Water Pollutants, Chemical analysis
- Abstract
Multifunctional lignin-based adsorbents, which have shown great application prospect, have attracted widespread attention. Herein, a series of multifunctional lignin-based magnetic recyclable adsorbents were prepared from carboxymethylated lignin (CL), which was rich in carboxyl group (-COOH). After optimizing the mass ratio of CL to Fe
3 O4 , the prepared CL/Fe3 O4 (3:1) adsorbent showed efficient adsorption capacities for heavy metal ions. The kinetic and isotherm nonlinear fitting studies revealed that the adsorption process followed the second-order kinetic and Langmuir models, and the maximum adsorption capacities (Qmax ) of CL/Fe3 O4 (3:1) magnetic recyclable adsorbent for Pb2+ , Cu2+ and Ni2+ ions reached 189.85, 124.43 and 106.97 mg/g, respectively. Meanwhile, after 6 cycles, the adsorption capacities of CL/Fe3 O4 (3:1) for Pb2+ , Cu2+ and Ni2+ ions could keep at 87.4 %, 83.4 % and 82.3 %, respectively. In addition, CL/Fe3 O4 (3:1) also exhibited excellent electromagnetic wave absorption (EMWA) performance with a reflection loss (RL) of -28.65 dB at 6.96 GHz under the thickness of 4.5 mm, and its effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) achieved 2.24 GHz (6.08-8.32 GHz). In short, the prepared multifunctional CL/Fe3 O4 (3:1) magnetic recyclable adsorbent with outstanding adsorption capacity for heavy metal ions and superior EMWA capability opens a new avenue for the diversified utilization of lignin and lignin-based adsorbent., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2023 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Corrigendum to: "Biochar derived from hydrolysis of sewage sludge influences soil properties and heavy metals distributed in the soil".
- Author
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Zhu Q, Liang Y, Zhang Q, Zhang Z, Wang C, Zhai S, Li Y, and Sun H
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Biochar derived from hydrolysis of sewage sludge influences soil properties and heavy metals distributed in the soil.
- Author
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Zhu Q, Liang Y, Zhang Q, Zhang Z, Wang C, Zhai S, Li Y, and Sun H
- Subjects
- Sewage chemistry, Soil chemistry, Humic Substances, Hydrolysis, Nitrogen analysis, Metals, Heavy, Environmental Pollutants, Soil Pollutants analysis
- Abstract
Sewage sludge contains a large number of nutrients and dangerous substances, when sludge was processed into sludge hydrochar that was added to the soil, which not only solve the problem of sludge disposal, but also amend the soil and fix pollutants in the soil. However, it was lack of report on the effect of the sludge hydrochar on soil compositions and soil microorganism community structures until now. In the present study, the hydrothermal carbonization method is used to prepare hydrochar from sewage sludge at temperatures of 180 ℃ and 240 ℃ at durations of 6 h and 15 h in this paper. The effects of the prepared sludge hydrochar on soil-derived dissolved organic matter (DOM), the content of total dissolved nitrogen (TDN) and NO
3 - -N in soil, and the community structure of soil bacteria and fungi were evaluated. Furthermore, the change rules in heavy metal speciation in soils treated with sludge hydrochar were investigated. With the increase in the preparation temperature and dosage of sludge hydrochar, the main components of DOM changed from soluble microbial byproducts to fulvic acid-like and humic acid-like fractions through UV and fluorescence characterization. The sludge hydrochar prepared at low temperature could significantly increase the contents of TDN and NO3 - -N in the soil. Affected by sludge hydrochar, the dominant phylum of the bacterial community changed from Proteobacteria to Actinobacteria, and the dominant phylum in the fungal community did not change, but its relative abundance increased. Finally, the sludge hydrochar obtained when the carbonization time was 15 h was more beneficial to reduce the total amount and available content of heavy metals in the soil. The study provides a basis for sludge hydrochar application for the soil amendment., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2022 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. RCMNet: A deep learning model assists CAR-T therapy for leukemia.
- Author
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Zhang R, Han X, Lei Z, Jiang C, Gul I, Hu Q, Zhai S, Liu H, Lian L, Liu Y, Zhang Y, Dong Y, Zhang CY, Lam TK, Han Y, Yu D, Zhou J, and Qin P
- Subjects
- Humans, Immunotherapy, Adoptive methods, T-Lymphocytes, Receptors, Chimeric Antigen therapeutic use, Deep Learning, Leukemia therapy, Leukemia drug therapy
- Abstract
Acute leukemia is a type of blood cancer with a high mortality rate. Current therapeutic methods include bone marrow transplantation, supportive therapy, and chemotherapy. Although a satisfactory remission of the disease can be achieved, the risk of recurrence is still high. Therefore, novel treatments are demanding. Chimeric antigen receptor-T (CAR-T) therapy has emerged as a promising approach to treating and curing acute leukemia. To harness the therapeutic potential of CAR-T cell therapy for blood diseases, reliable cell morphological identification is crucial. Nevertheless, the identification of CAR-T cells is a big challenge posed by their phenotypic similarity with other blood cells. To address this substantial clinical challenge, herein we first construct a CAR-T dataset with 500 original microscopy images after staining. Following that, we create a novel integrated model called RCMNet (ResNet18 with Convolutional Block Attention Module and Multi-Head Self-Attention) that combines the convolutional neural network (CNN) and Transformer. The model shows 99.63% top-1 accuracy on the public dataset. Compared with previous reports, our model obtains satisfactory results for image classification. Although testing on the CAR-T cell dataset, a decent performance is observed, which is attributed to the limited size of the dataset. Transfer learning is adapted for RCMNet and a maximum of 83.36% accuracy is achieved, which is higher than that of other state-of-the-art models. This study evaluates the effectiveness of RCMNet on a big public dataset and translates it to a clinical dataset for diagnostic applications., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2022 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. Pressure- and temperature-dependent Raman spectra of Ca 2 Fe 2 O 5 oxygen defect perovskite.
- Author
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Zhai S, Dai B, Xue W, Rumney JD, Wang H, Shieh SR, and Wu X
- Abstract
The Raman spectra of Ca
2 Fe2 O5 were investigated up to 21.8 GPa at room temperature and up to 1073 K at ambient pressure, respectively. A phase transition begins around 13.6 GPa and it is reversible after decompression. No temperature-induced phase transition was observed due to the quality of Raman spectra at temperatures above 773 K. The effects of pressure and temperature on the Raman vibration were quantitatively analyzed. All the observed Raman active vibrations of Ca2 Fe2 O5 show positive linear pressure dependences and negative temperature dependences with different slopes. Combined with previous experimental results, the isothermal and isobaric mode Grüneisen parameters of Ca2 Fe2 O5 were estimated, and the intrinsic anharmonicity was discussed., (Copyright © 2022 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Two important poxviruses that originated in Africa, are spreading rapidly in other continents: why?
- Author
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Zhai SL, Sun MF, Xu ZH, Li CL, Wang G, Zheng C, and Liao M
- Abstract
Competing Interests: The authors have no competing interests to declare.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Gratitude and internalizing/externalizing symptoms among adolescents after the Wenchuan earthquake: Mediating roles of social support and resilience.
- Author
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Wang D, Chen XY, Zhai S, and Fan F
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Female, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Social Support, Surveys and Questionnaires, Adolescent Behavior psychology, Earthquakes
- Abstract
Introduction: Adolescents are susceptible to exhibiting internalizing and externalizing symptoms following natural disasters. However, little is known regarding factors that may influence these symptoms from the perspective of positive psychology. The current study examined whether and how social support and resilience mediated the association between gratitude and adolescents' internalizing and externalizing symptoms., Method: The participants were 765 Chinese adolescents exposed to the Wenchuan earthquake (41.8% male, mean age 17.46 years), who were enrolled in a three-wave longitudinal study with data spanning 1 year. All adolescents completed self-report questionnaires on gratitude at 18 months postearthquake (T
18m ), social support and resilience at 24 months (T24m ), and internalizing and externalizing symptoms at 18 months (T18m ) and 30 months (T30m )., Results: The results showed that social support (T24m ) and resilience (T24m ) serially mediate the relationship between gratitude (T18m ) and internalizing (β = -.003, 95% confidence interval [CI]= -0.006, -0.001) or externalizing (T30m ) symptoms (β = -.004, 95% CI= -0.004, -0.001). Social support (T24m ) acts as a mediator only between gratitude (T18m ) and internalizing symptoms (T30m ) (β = -.021, 95% CI = -0.044, -0.004), while not being a significant predictor for externalizing symptoms (T30m )., Conclusion: By highlighting the mechanisms by which gratitude longitudinally attenuates adolescents' internalizing, externalizing, and total symptoms, our findings may provide clinical practitioners with important information regarding intervention design., (© 2022 The Foundation for Professionals in Services for Adolescents.)- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Fabrication of Pd/Sludge-biochar electrode with high electrochemical activity on reductive degradation of 4-chlorophenol in wastewater.
- Author
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Zhao Y, Qiu X, Ma Z, Zhao C, Li Z, and Zhai S
- Subjects
- Charcoal, Chlorophenols, Electrodes, Sewage, Wastewater
- Abstract
Effective treatment and utilization of sludge contribute to achieve conventional carbon emission reduction and resource recovery, which is of great significance to realize carbon neutralization of WWTPs. Sludge carbonization derived biochar has attracted more interest because of high potential as catalytic materials. Therein, sludge-derived electrode exhibits a promising potential in the case of sludge utilization for electrocatalysis, however, electrocatalytic performance of the already reported sludge-derived electrode is unsatisfactory due to insufficient active sites. In this study, an efficient Pd/sludge-biochar loaded foam nickel (Pd-SAC@Ni) was successfully fabricated using simple pyrolysis and solidification method, and exhibited remarkable electrocatalytic performance for 4-chlorophenol (4-CP) degradation. Furthermore, the morphology, element distribution and crystal composition were characterized by SEM, EDS, XPS and XRD. The Pd-SAC@Ni electrode exhibited superior electrocatalytic performance than Ni, SAC@Ni, Pd-Ni electrodes. The reduction rate of 98.9% was achieved at current density of 5 mA cm
-2 , 4-CP concentration of 0.8 mM and initial pH of 7.0. Also, Pd-SAC@Ni electrode showed desirable reusability and achieved 98% of 4-CP removal after multiple runs of experiments. Moreover, the active hydrogen species (H*) generation capacity of electrodes was determined using tert-butanol (TBA) as trapping agent. The mechanism analysis demonstrated that direct reduction process and indirect reduction process both involved in the 4-CP degradation process, and their contribution were 19.5% and 80.5%, respectively. Then, the intermediates formed in the electrochemical degradation of 4-CP were revealed by HPLC and the plausible degradation pathway was proposed. This study provides a cost-effective approach for preparing sludge biochar electrode, and explored a novel way to promote resourceful utilization of sludge for carbon neutrality., (Copyright © 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
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48. Raman spectroscopic and X-ray diffraction study of α- and β-Mg 2 P 2 O 7 at various temperatures.
- Author
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Xue W, Zhai K, Wang H, Wu X, Wen W, and Zhai S
- Abstract
Raman spectra and X-ray diffraction patterns of Mg
2 P2 O7 polymorphs (α- and β-phase) were investigated at various temperatures up to 1073 K at ambient pressure. Typical Raman spectra and X-ray diffraction patterns were observed for the reversible phase transition between low-temperature α-Mg2 P2 O7 and high- temperature β-Mg2 P2 O7 during heating and cooling. The effect of temperature on the Raman vibrations for the two Mg2 P2 O7 polymorphs was quantitatively analyzed. All the observed Raman active bands of the two Mg2 P2 O7 polymorphs showed linear temperature dependence with different slopes. The quantitative temperature dependences of the Raman bands are -4.01 × 10-2 ∼ 1.94 × 10-2 and -2.31 × 10-2 ∼ -0.44 × 10-2 cm-1 K-1 for α- and β-Mg2 P2 O7 , respectively. The force constant evolution of [P2 O7 ]4- stretching vibrations and the temperature derivatives for both α- and β-Mg2 P2 O7 were also determined. The thermal expansion coefficient of β-Mg2 P2 O7 was estimated at 2.97(8) × 10-5 K-1 . Hence the isobaric mode Grüneisen parameters of β-Mg2 P2 O7 were calculated., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2022 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Magnetic solid phase extraction followed by in-situ derivatization with core-shell structured magnetic graphene oxide nanocomposite for the accurate quantification of free testosterone and free androstenedione in human serum.
- Author
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Zhang X, Xu H, Zhou C, Yang L, Zhai S, Yang P, Zhao R, and Li R
- Subjects
- Androgens, Female, Graphite, Humans, Magnetic Phenomena, Solid Phase Extraction methods, Tandem Mass Spectrometry methods, Testosterone, Androstenedione, Nanocomposites
- Abstract
Circulating free androgens are important indicators for a variety of diseases, so accurate determination of these hormones in serum is of great clinical significance. However, there are still many challenges for the accurate quantification of free androgens using mass methods because of their very low levels and complex interferences in serum, as well as the high serum protein binding rate and high nonspecific binding (NSB) rate. Here, an HPLC-MS/MS method coupled with magnetic solid phase extraction (MSPE) and in-situ derivatization was developed to quantify two free androgens-free testosterone (FT) and free androstenedione (FA
4 )-in human serum simultaneously and accurately. Ultrafiltration was used to obtain free androgens in serum. To minimize the NSB rate and obtain accurate results, the ultrafiltration membrane was doubly modified with surfactant followed by a silane-coupling agent. Multiple pre-saturation with the tested samples was also used. With these strategies, the ultrafiltration recoveries were up to 95.4% for FT and 94.0% for FA4 , so the NSB was negligible. After that, the extremely low levels of free androgens in ultrafiltrates were extracted and enriched using MSPE with core-shell structured ferroferric oxide coated with graphene oxide. Hydroxylamine hydrochloride was used to derivatize the analytes and the reaction took place on the surface of the adsorbent. All the extraction and derivatization conditions were optimized. Under such conditions, the assays were linear for FT within the range of 2-100 pg mL-1 and for FA4 within the range of 5-500 pg mL-1 . The intra- and inter-run CV was less than 12.3% and 10.9% for FT and less than 7.2% and 8.3% for FA4 , respectively. For the intra- and inter-run accuracies, the relative error of the mean was 9.9% and 8.4% for FT, and 11.5% and 7.3% for FA4 , respectively. The total extraction recoveries with MSPE in-situ derivatization were 93.2% for FT, 93.8% for FA4 and 95.7% for the internal standard. The method was validated and was used to quantify the trace level of these two free androgens in serum samples from female patients suspected of having polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) accurately. It is expected to improve the diagnosis accuracy of PCOS when combined with other clinical indicators., (Copyright © 2022 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Adsorption mechanisms for cadmium from aqueous solutions by oxidant-modified biochar derived from Platanus orientalis Linn leaves.
- Author
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Yin K, Wang J, Zhai S, Xu X, Li T, Sun S, Xu S, Zhang X, Wang C, and Hao Y
- Subjects
- Adsorption, Charcoal, Hydrogen Peroxide, Kinetics, Oxidants, Plant Leaves chemistry, Cadmium analysis, Water Pollutants, Chemical analysis
- Abstract
To understand the adsorption mechanisms of Cd
2+ by oxidant-modified biochar (OMB) derived from Platanus orientalis Linn (POL) leaves, batch adsorption experiments and characterization were carried out. The results showed that, KMnO4 -modified biochar (MBC) could more effectively remove Cd2+ from aqueous solution than H2 O-, H2 O2 -, and K2 Cr2 O7 -modified biochar (WBC, HBC and PBC, respectively). The highest removal efficiency was 98.57%, which was achieved by the addition of 2 g L-1 MBC at pH 6.0. According to the Langmuir fitting parameters, the maximum adsorption capacity for MBC was 52.5 mg g-1 at 30 ℃, which was twice as high as that for original biochar. MBC had the largest specific surface area with many particles distributed on the surface before and after adsorption, which were confirmed to be MnOx by XPS analysis. The complexation with MnOx was the main mechanism. Besides, O-containing groups complexation, precipitation, cation-π intraction, and ion exchange also participated in the adsorption. However, WBC, HBC and PBC did not achieve ideal removal effects, and their stability was inferior. This could be attributed to the weakening of ion exchange and precipitation. This study not only demonstrates the potential of MBC, but also provides insight into strategies for the utilization of waste resources., (Copyright © 2022 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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