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The author reflects regarding the article "Prenatal alcohol exposure and educational achievement in children aged 8-9 years," by C. M. O'Leary and colleagues. Among the key topics that the authors have discussed include the effect of prenatal alcohol consumption on children, the importance of statistical procedures to determine alcohol effects on children, and the relationship of alcohol intake during pregnancy on reading impairment and limited ability of children.

The article focuses on the correlation between breast feeding and intelligence in children. A study which determines the value of nutrition and the socioeconomic environment in which a child develops is discussed. The author suggests that the research indicates that the mother's intellect is a larger factor than simply breast feeding by itself. Additional known benefits of breast feeding are also discussed.

The article discusses a study to find the effects of different alcohol consumption in early to mid pregnancy on the child's intelligence, attention and executive function at 5 years of age. The study concluded there is no significant relation between low to moderate average alcohol consumption in early-to-mid pregnancy and neurodevelopment of children. It presented a commentary on this study by Joseph L Jacobson and Sandra W Jacobson, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, U.S.