The risk of low-to-moderate prenatal alcohol exposure on child academic underachievement and behaviour may be difficult to measure and should not be underestimated.

The author reflects regarding the article "Prenatal alcohol exposure and educational achievement in children aged 8-9 years," by C. M. O'Leary and colleagues. Among the key topics that the authors have discussed include the effect of prenatal alcohol consumption on children, the importance of statistical procedures to determine alcohol effects on children, and the relationship of alcohol intake during pregnancy on reading impairment and limited ability of children.