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Al concentration dependence of the crystal structure on Ca 3 Ta(Ga 1- x Al x)Si 2 O 14 (CTGAS) piezoelectric single crystals were investigated by X-ray crystal structure analysis. O(2)-Si-O(2) and Si-O(2)-(Ga,Al) bond angles systematically increased with increasing Al concentration, and the result suggests that the increase of structural anisotropy by the Al substitution is attributable to the planarization of the O(2)-Si-O(2)-(Ga,Al). In addition, (Ga,Al)-O(2), (Ga,Al)-O(3) and Ca-O(1) bond lengths systematically decreased with increasing the Al substitution. The cation shift of the Si and (Ga,Al) ions out of center from the barycenter of the oxygen coordination environment decreased with increasing Al concentration. Image 1 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, charge compensation was performed by co-doping Na + ions at the Ca2+ sites of Ce-doped LiCaAlF 6 single crystals to prevent the generation of cation vacancies owing to Ce3+-doping at the Ca2+ sites. Consequently, an improved radiation resistance and increased light yield under neutron irradiation was achieved. In contrast, the Al metal of the starting material used as a substitute for AlF 3 significantly increased the effective segregation coefficient k eff of the Eu2+ ions in Eu-doped LiCaAlF 6 and Eu-doped LiSrAlF 6 single crystals. The Al metal and EuF 3 in the starting materials produced EuF 2 via a chemical reaction, and the Eu2+ ions in EuF 2 could be substituted at the Ca2+ and Sr2+ sites. In addition, the Ca/Sr ratio control of the Li(Ca,Sr)AlF 6 :Eu solid-solution scintillator single crystals improved the light yield through band-gap control, and the Li(Ca,Sr)AlF 6 :Eu single crystal with a 25% Sr concentration exhibited the highest light yield. Charge compensation was conducted using Na co-doping to improve the radiation resistance of the LiCAF:Ce single crystals, thereby preventing the generation of cation defects by the Ce3+-doping at the Ca2+ site. It was determined that the improvement in the radiation resistance of the LiCAF:Ce single crystal via Na co-doping can contribute to the improvement in the durability of the production of LiCAF:Ce single crystals. [Display omitted] • Scintillation properties of LiCaAlF 6 and LiSrAlF 6 single crystals were improved by chemical composition control. • Charge compensation by Na co-doping for LiCAF:Ce single crystals prevents generations of cation vacancies by Ce3+-doping. • Al metal greatly increases the segregation coefficient of Eu ion in the LiCAF and LiSAF single crystals. • Effective segregation coefficient of Eu2%,AlM1%:LiSrAlF 6 crystal was improved to 0.986 using the Al metal. • Ca/Sr ratio control in the Eu:Li(Ca,Sr)AlF 6 single crystals improves the light yield under thermal neutron irradiation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]