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This book provides an integrated view of each of the four provinces of Pakistan, considered the four micro regions, owing to their relative internal homogeneity and distinctiveness from the adjacent regions. Each chapter of the book deals with a specific province, its physical environment, historic antecedents, contemporary social and economic organization and potential for future growth.This volume presents an in-depth study of Punjab, stressing on its transformation from a barren pastureland to rich, fertile agricultural land. The mineral-rich western provinces of Baluchistan and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa are subjects of focused study. The penultimate part of the book is a regional study of Sindh, evaluating the role of Indus in the economy of the province, and the contribution of Karachi as a financial and commercial center. It also outlines the planning and development of the federal capital, Islamabad, a symbol of pride and aspiration of the people of Pakistan.The book would be of immense academic value to students, researchers and teachers interested in area studies and regional planning. With a descriptive analysis of the country's physical and social characteristics, it would also be a great source of information for professionals working in the tourism sector.

Highlights the overlooked contributions of women like Betsy Cadwaladyr and Mother M. Francis Bridgeman to nursing during the Crimean War.Florence Nightingale is synonymous with nursing in the Crimean War of 1854 -1856. There were, however, many other women who contributed to nursing at this time. Martha Clough, who dismissed the rule of Nightingale and took charge of nursing the Highland Regiments; Eliza Roberts, an experienced hospital surgical nurse who became Nightingale's aide-de-camp, nursing Nightingale when she fell ill with Crimean Fever and those with a wider scope of caring, such as Mary Seacole, whose nutritious supplements and caring demeanour meant everything to the soldiers.This book focuses on the relationship between Nightingale and two very interesting characters: the irascible Betsy Cadwaladyr and the equally strong-willed Mother M. Francis Bridgeman, head of the nursing Irish Sisters of Mercy in the Crimea. Bridgeman came from a similar social standing as Nightingale but whose pathway saw her leaving society lifestyle as a young girl and following the convent life. Cadwaladyr earned Nightingale's respect towards the end of her time in the Crimea due to her care of soldiers and her ability to run the kitchen at Balaklava, but nothing would change her stubborn dislike of Nightingale.The Sisters of Mercy, much overlooked in nursing history, were clinically nursing the victims of cholera and dysentery (two of the biggest killers in the Crimea) in their localities long before their journey to the battlefront. Betsy Cadwaladyr preferred domestic service and cooking to nursing, whilst Nightingale had the unenviable task of proving the nursing experiment to those watching from Westminster, trying not to upset the medical men as well as trying to filter out the best women to nurse with her, which was a nightmare in itself.

The book unravels the complexity of Pakistan's physical terrain, from the Arabian Sea coast to the Himalayan heights, focusing on its bio-climatic environment. While throwing light on the evolution of societal organisation and the nature and intensity of economic enterprises, it discusses the human response to the natural milieu and the way natural resources have been harnessed.This volume discusses the distribution of natural resources and deciphers the evolutionary development of manufacturing, transport and trade, the main non-agricultural enterprises, and looks at the potential for their growth. It provides an overview of the country`s economy and its fluctuations through different political regimes. It also investigates the country's diverse social, linguistic, and ethnic composition. A habitat study, incorporating villages and towns and their numerical and spatial distribution and also the hierarchical organisation of rural society have received a special focus in the book. The book, with its qualitative and quantitative information, will be useful to students, teachers and researchers studying physical geology, climatology, hydrology, soil science, environmental studies, archaeology, sociology, economics, demography, area studies and regional development studies. It will also be an indispensable companion to professionals in floral-landscaping, habitat study, administrators, and policymakers.

James Alexander Hamilton, son of Alexander, influenced U.S. history, advising leaders and supporting abolition, with personal historical insights.Born in the year of the Constitutional Convention, James Alexander Hamilton was uniquely positioned to observe the early republic era and the formation of the experimental United States government. His father, Alexander Hamilton, had been the first US Treasury Secretary, an outspoken and controversial character who was killed in a duel when James was a teenager. With a lifelong devotion to his father's memory, James advised men from Andrew Jackson and Martin Van Buren to Abraham Lincoln and Salmon P Chase on banking and constitutional matters.Through his own talents and with the advantage of his father's name, James served as temporary Secretary of State and District Attorney of New York. James enjoyed a close-knit family life with his wife, Mary Morris, at his Hudson River home named Nevis for his father's birthplace. He was part of the crew of the yacht America, for which the America's Cup is named, and on the committee for New York's Crystal Palace in 1853. More importantly, he served his country through the War of 1812, Western Expansion, and the bloody Civil War. His first-hand account of these transformative events gives readers a priceless look at America's past. James supported the abolition of slavery and wrote a draft of the Emancipation Proclamation before settling down to write his own Reminiscences that cover the first seventy-five years of US history. This biography makes James A Hamilton's life and observations accessible to the modern reader and will leave you with a new appreciation for the Founders'heirs who inherited the difficult work of building a nation.Cover portrait images ©Ellie Spaulding Raymond

This contributed volume presents the latest in research on geographies of the Indian Subcontinent, with a focus on innovative technologies and methodologies such as machine learning, remote sensing, geographic information systems, and more. The cases presented in this volume offer novel research that advances our understanding of the Indian Subcontinent in integrated and interdisciplinary manner. The book is split into three distinct sections. The first covers field observations and experiment design. The second examines applications of geospatial technologies and modelling techniques. The last section highlights cases of translating this research into concrete policy. The techniques described here and the lessons learned from the cases presented are transferrable to problems in geography across the globe, and the book is targeted towards young professors, scholars, and researchers interested in the emerging techniques being applied to research in the field of geography and allied disciplines.

This book comprises the proceedings of the 28th International Conference on Hydraulics, Water Resources, River and Coastal Engineering (HYDRO 2023) focusing on broad spectrum of emerging opportunities and challenges in the field of hydraulics and fluid mechanics. It covers a range of topics, including, but not limited to, experimental and computational fluid mechanics, sediment dynamics, environmental impact assessment of water resources projects, environmental flows, pollutant transport, etc. Presenting recent advances in the form of illustrations, tables, and text, it offers readers insights for their own research. In addition, the book addresses fundamental concepts and studies in the field of flood forecasting and hydraulic structures, making it a valuable resource for both beginners and researchers wanting to further their understanding of hydraulics, water resources and coastal engineering.

'Industrial Revolution What'offers a comprehensive exploration of the transformative period that reshaped human civilization through mechanization and technological innovation. This engaging analysis reveals how the shift from manual production to machine manufacturing fundamentally altered not just how things were made, but the very fabric of society itself. The book expertly weaves together three crucial threads: the revolutionary technological breakthroughs like the steam engine and power loom, the emergence of new business and labor practices, and the profound social transformations that followed. Beginning with a snapshot of pre-1750 agricultural societies, the narrative guides readers through the cascading effects of industrialization, using primary sources such as worker diaries and factory records to bring the era to life. The book's interdisciplinary approach combines technical explanations with compelling human stories, making complex concepts accessible while maintaining scholarly rigor. Particularly fascinating are the detailed accounts of how urbanization reshaped family dynamics and created entirely new social classes, while factory systems revolutionized traditional work patterns. The text draws powerful parallels between historical developments and contemporary technological disruptions, offering valuable insights for modern readers grappling with similar patterns of rapid change. Through clear explanations and practical examples, readers gain a deep understanding of how technological advancement drives societal transformation, making this work especially relevant for those interested in the intersection of technology, business, and social change.

How did the temple-scape of Suzhou transform into garden-scape during the 13th to 16th centuries? This book investigates the landscape evolution of China during the Yuan-Ming socio-political transformation and provides a previously unrepresented Buddhist and hydraulic history of Chinese gardens.Utilising historical GIS mapping and 3D architectural modelling, the research uncovers spatial strategies employed by monks, the gentry, and the government. It argues that by seizing hydraulic estates from Buddhists, the gentry and government rose as a landed class and cultural elites, establishing the literati garden. Yuan temples featured a mound-field-river topography which reclaimed urban wetlands. In temples such as Shizi Lin, scenes were crafted as Chan gong'ans to support Buddhist practice towards enlightenment, underpinning a monastic architectural transformation in the 14th century. In the Ming dynasty, the gentry and government exploited the hydro-topography while erasing Buddhist traces by converting temples into gardens. The book forms a theoretical model of triangulating the garden practice with socio-hydro spaces and advocates a new garden history enabled by historical mapping and modelling.This book is aimed at students and scholars of East Asian history, temples and gardens, and landscape architecture and design.

This handbook brings together historical and contemporary essays about Soviet and Russian military studies, to offer a comprehensive volume on the topic.Comprising essays written by acknowledged specialists, the handbook examines the development of the Russian and Soviet armed forces from the Napoleonic Wars all the way through to the course and conduct of the ‘Special Military Operation'in Ukraine. Divided into thematic and chronological sections, the volume looks at wars fought by the Tsarist regime through to the First World War; the Soviet Union's ‘Great Patriotic War', from 1941 to 1945; the Cold War (including the Soviet war in Afghanistan); and Russia's post-Soviet wars and military development. In addition, the volume also includes a section that analyses a number of ‘overarching themes', including the development of Russian and Soviet airpower, partisan warfare, counterinsurgency and the role of women in Russian and Soviet armed forces. The volume concludes with an essay looking at whether, using the historical material and material on the conduct of the war in Ukraine, we can reasonably talk of a ‘Russian way of war'.This volume will be of considerable interest to students of the Soviet Union and Russia, strategic studies and military history.

The book addresses the contribution of Intangible Cultural Heritage to the sustainable management of historic cities and towns. Through the unique, diverse, and dynamic illustrations from Asia, it provides insights into the interrelationships of intangible and tangible cultural attributes and their significance on the sustainability of these areas. Historic cities and towns, large and small, along with their natural and man-made environments have a distinct identity and embody the values of traditional urban cultures. Evolved by tangible built forms and intangible elements, as cultural practices and expressions- meanings and values attributed to them, they are in a state of continuous change. The built environment acts as a ‘place'or a ‘site'where most of these expressions are shaped. These areas are significant for their social cohesion and economic stronghold that dates back over generations and centuries. Over the years, there have been many theoretical discussions about the interrelationships of tangible and intangible but is challenging to manage in practice, especially in historic urban areas. There is a lack of understanding of the complexity and pervasiveness of intangible values and their direct relationship with the physical structure of the town/city. This book strives to address the various challenges, emphasising the intricate relationships between the tangible and intangible aspects of historic cities in the Asian context.

British Gangs covers the first fifty years of the twentieth century, a time of upheaval and war during which the public came to fear groups of young men. Much of this fear was whipped up by an expanding newspaper industry trying to increase sales with alarming and salacious stories. The book finds that the gangs were not as big a menace as the public were led to believe, but their activities are no less thrilling or important in the present day. This is a gripping account of one aspect of working class life.It covers the better-known gangsters of the time such as the McDonalds, Sabinis and Cortesis, Alf Solomon and Billy Kimber, but also, as a result of days spent in newspaper archives, uncovers many stories as they were reported at the time. Car and bus chases, gun battles, shoplifting, violent activity at sporting events, simple street con artists and more are all included in this trove of gang stories, most of which have been forgotten.The book covers many lesser-known incidents and stories from Britain's gangs, including a look at female criminals such as Alice Diamond, Mary Carr, Florrie Holmes, Kathleen Cooper and Josephine O'Dare, and the successful nightclub owner Kate Meyrick. Gangs from around the country are included, in cities including Manchester, Liverpool, Glasgow, Hull, Sheffield, Newcastle, Leeds, Belfast and Dublin, as well as the more often-covered Birmingham and London. Prison time also features, as an important part of a criminal's life that is not often included in books on gangsters. This is an important contribution to the recorded history of British gangs.

It is written in a lucid style with the most recent advances, and with theoretical discussions for easy understanding of the subject. Explores the emerging issues in ancient world civilization. This book covers the time periods from Sumerian Civilization, Indus Valley Civilization, Ancient Egypt, Ancient and Early Imperial China, Ancient Maya Civilization, Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome. This book has been mainly designed to serve as text cum reference book for students, researchers, academicians and common people having concern for ancient world civilization.

A personal narrative, an examination of literary texts, and a history of the Lackawanna Valley region, Bill Conlogue's Working Watersheds explores how water has circulated in the former anthracite capital of the world. Conlogue not only recounts water's use in anthracite mining and textile making, but also investigates its resulting pollution. He delves into the current natural gas boom, which threatens groundwater, and concludes with hopes of environmental renewal and restoration. Offering a fresh way to think about the Anthropocene, this distinctive history of water and coal in the Lackawanna Valley discusses how both water abundance and scarcity might play out as global temperatures rise. Working Watersheds is designed to trigger debates about the nature of history, the significance of literature, and the importance of linking person, place, and planet in an era of climate change.

From critically acclaimed author Richard Swan, Grave Empire begins the epic tale of an empire on the verge of industrial revolution, where sorcery and arcane practices are outlawed – and where an ancient prophecy threatens the coming end of days.Blood once turned the wheels of empire. Now it is money. A new age of exploration and innovation has dawned, and the Empire of the Wolf stands to take its place as the foremost power in the known world. Glory and riches await. But dark days are coming. A mysterious plague has broken out in the pagan kingdoms to the north, while in the south, the Empire's proxy war in the lands of the wolfmen is weeks away from total collapse. Worse still is the message brought to the Empress by two heretic monks, who claim to have lost contact with the spirits of the afterlife. The monks believe this is the start of an ancient prophecy heralding the end of days—the Great Silence. It falls to Renata Rainer, a low-ranking ambassador to an enigmatic and vicious race of mermen, to seek answers from those who still practice the arcane arts. But with the road south beset by war and the Empire on the brink of supernatural catastrophe, soon there may not be a world left to save...

The book follows on from “The Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam on the Blue Nile” GERD. It will have a good background introduction on the Nile basin. The value of Nile water will be presented in view of the global water stress facing mankind and the region. International importance of Nile waters will be presented with food insecurity of regions outside the basin. Food and energy demand in the upper basin and potential upstream irrigation demand on Nile waters will be presented. Analysis of the GERD three years of filling, remaining filling years, and modes of operation will be presented along with the water conflict. Climate change and climate variation (droughts and floods) impacts on the water control of 56 percent of the Nile flow (the Blue Nile and the GERD), and ensuing water war require analysis and publication. One of the major features of the Nile is the Sudd marshes in South Sudan. The importance of wetlands in the hydroclimate of the Nile basin and the merit and demerits of draining the Sudd, to get more water on the short term, will be presented. The Everglades in the United States will be presented as a global experience in regional wetland drainage and its impact on regional hydroclimate.

A sweeping history of The Age of Reason, revealing how—although it was a time of great progress—it was also an era of brutality and intolerance with a very human cost.During the 1600s—between the end of the Renaissance and the start of the Enlightenment—Europe lived through an era known as The Age of Reason. This was a revolutionary period that saw great advances in areas such as art, science, philosophy, political theory, and economics. However, all this was accomplished against a background of extreme political turbulence on a continental scale, in the form of internal conflicts and international wars. Indeed, the Age of Reason itself was born at the same time as the Thirty Years'War, which would devastate central Europe to an extent that would not be experienced again until World War I. This period also saw the development of European empires across the world, as well as a lucrative new transatlantic commerce that brought transformative riches to Western European society. However, there was a dark underside to this brilliant wealth: it was dependent upon human slavery. By exploring all the key events and bringing to life some of the most influential characters of the era—including Caravaggio, Rembrandt, Newton, Descartes, Spinoza, Louis XIV, and Charles I—acclaimed historian Paul Strathern tells the vivid story of this paradoxical age, while also exploring the painful cost of creating the progress and modernity upon which the Western world was built.

This open access book examines the formation and sustainability of private credit networks in past societies, gathering a global range of case studies from Europe and the Americas. The book represents a fi rst attempt to coordinate the work of different scholars working on credit networks and aims to explore the possibilities offered by social network analysis for the study of past fi nancial markets and networks. Each contribution offers new perspectives for the comprehension of past fi nancial networks, with a broad chronological and geographical scope. The chapters are arranged thematically and study both rural and urban networks, each employing a network perspective to facilitate an increased understanding of the relational dynamics of preindustrial credit transactions. This book models the various ways that SNA can be utilized by economic and fi nancial historians, as well as discusses its limitations and ways in which it can be combined with qualitative archival research. The book is of interest to a broad audience of scholars in the fi elds of economic, fi nancial and social history.

This book is an outcome of a large experience of many engineers on various different site conditions. Many actual cases have been sited. It deals with all the practical aspects of an economic section for various discharges, topographic and soil conditions. The canal design involves deep knowledge of following disciplines. Hydraulic of flow, Mechanics of bed erosion and sediment transport, Geotechnical engineering Soil and Rock mechanics, stability of inner and outer slopes, including that of foundation, Mechanics of ground water flow, seepage and drainage characteristics of soil and ground, Tunnelling, Structural Engineering and construction techniques i. Discharge, Q ii. Rugosity coefficient, N iii. Longitudinal slope, S iv. Side slope Z (horizontal 1 vertical) v. Bed width, B vi. Depth, D or b/d ratio, X and vii.Velocity, V Lastly this volume is very friendly to field engineers and helps to avoid mistakes. It is written in such a way that the field engineers can use the relevant part directly. The book is also very useful to engineering students to enable them to clearly understand the hydraulics and economics of canal sections, and project works. It incorporates the work of many researchers / scholars on the subject. It also highlights future studies required. The author gratefully acknowledges the help received from many standard works on Irrigation Engineering and allied subject, including textbooks, by Indian and foreign authors, technical papers and project reports published by various professional bodies, Governments through the unique libraries of I.I.T., Roorkee, CWC Delhi and Rajasthan Irrigation and other State Departments, without which this work would have not been possible. A list of references is given at the end of each chapter and in the end of this book also.

A guide to exploring 325 of the most scenic, wildlife-rich and historically significant woodlands in Wales. From precious remnants of temperate rainforests to lesser-known wildwoods and urban copses, Welsh woodlands offer places of sanctuary for both wildlife and people. In this practical guide, Gabriel Hemery brings together the beauty, purpose, history and wildlife of some of the most extraordinary woodland sites in Wales, from the largest (like Tywi Forest, covering more than 6,000 hectares) to the smallest (measuring one hectare). Some woods are havens for rare wildlife such as the threatened red squirrel, spectacular lichens and the elusive goshawk. Others offer opportunities to explore archaeological features and discover some of Wales'magical and hidden histories. Many are ideal for simply enjoying the spectacular Welsh scenery. The book is divided into seven regions, each beginning with a summary of its woodland heritage. The 325 site entries contain details of ownership, designation, area, forest type, precise access details (including grid reference, post code and what3words reference) and a description of key features of interest. With clear maps and hundreds of remarkable photographs showcasing Wales'plants, animals and landscapes, this is an essential book for adventurers, ramblers and wildlife enthusiasts. Wherever you may be in Wales, with this guide you will never be far from a fascinating forest site.

Covers the evolution of transport history, from walking and packhorses to modern rail, motoring, and air travel.An accessible book to draw on popular interest in transport history, routes, vehicles and experiences. Transport history is social and industrial national history. Passengers and freight will be covered including all types of transport from walking and packhorses, that predominated for much of national history, both of which tend to be underrated, to changes brought by improvements to road transport from the Romans to medieval bridgebuilders and eighteenth-century turnpikes, and, in parallel, river, coastal and canal travel, again from the Romans to the eighteenth century. The story moves to the age of rail, motoring and lastly air. All forms overlap. as well as being sequential.

The Royal Canadian Air Force (RCAF) was founded in 1924 as a sort of federal air service, carrying out civilian-type operations for Ottawa. In the Second World War, the RCAF grew to more than 200,000 personnel in overseas squadrons and performed virtually every type of mission, including bombing and hunting submarines. Over the decades since, the RCAF has tried valiantly to carry out its mission of defending Canada, even when starved of funds by the federal government. Today, it is once again on the verge of becoming a modern, well-equipped air force. In Canada's Air Force, historian David J. Bercuson shares the history of the first one hundred years of the Royal Canadian Air Force, from its inception in 1924 to its centennial in 2024. Drawing on memoirs, diaries, unpublished histories, archival sources, interview transcripts, and standard reference works such as The Bomber Command War Diaries, Bercuson traces the history of the RCAF as not only a fighting force but also a human institution. Canada's Air Force analyses the first century of the RCAF through the clear-eyed perspective of a Canadian historian who has closely scrutinized one hundred years of the RCAF's story.

Canals in a Changing Britain: Construction, Culture, and Environment, 1760–1968 assesses canals as a major technological system re-shaping Britons'relationship with their landscape and environment for over 200 years. It offers a sustained narrative addressing: canal construction in the late eighteenth century, living and working communities alongside canals in the nineteenth century, canals'relationship to concerns regarding de-industrialization in the early twentieth century and canals as sites for the experience of nature and rural life in the postwar era between 1945 and 1968. This book makes use of a variety of archival and published material on canals and references academic publications on histories of technology and the environment, as well as scholarship related specifically to canals. It argues contemporary conversations regarding the current and future use of canals as multi-faceted sites of recreation, leisure, heritage, and experience of the natural environment in Britain must be seen in the context of an arc of historical experience between 1760 and 1968.

This book,Reliable Irrigation Models, is the result of extensive research conducted in and around India. The book comprises twelve chapters, each dedicated to a specific aspect of irrigation modeling. Additionally, the book aims to offer valuable insights and a deeper understanding of water resource management issues to researchers in the field.

Discover Belgium's cities, where picture-postcard scenes meet cutting-edge cool.Whether you want to amble canalside in Bruges, tuck into veggie delights in Ghent, wander the Grand Place in Brussels, or admire art and architecture in Antwerp, your DK Eyewitness travel guide makes sure you experience all that Belgium's cities have to offerFamed for their picturesque street scenes, tasty foodie treats, and incredible architecture, Belgium's cities have been attracting visitors for centuries. But they're certainly not stuck in the past - here you'll discover the quirky, the eco-conscious, and the innovative at every turn, all culminating in cities that rival Europe's finest.Our newly updated guide brings Brussels, Bruges, Ghent and Antwerp to life, transporting you there like no other travel guide does with expert-led insights and advice, detailed breakdowns of all the must-see sights, photographs on practically every page, and our hand-drawn illustrations which place you inside the region's iconic buildings and neighbourhoods.You'll discover:- our pick of Brussels, Bruges, Ghent and Antwerp's must-sees, top experiences and hidden gems- the best spots to eat, drink, shop and stay- detailed maps and walks which make navigating the cities easy- easy-to-follow itineraries- expert advice: get ready, get around and stay safe- colour-coded chapters to every part of Brussels, Bruges, Ghent and Antwerp- our new lightweight format, so you can take it with you wherever you goTouring the country? Try our DK Eyewitness Belgium and Luxembourg.

The Handbook of Applied Hydrologic and Water Resources Engineering examines the planning and design of water supply systems, flood control works, drought mitigation measures, navigation facilities, and hydraulic structures, as well as feasibility and environmental impact studies for various water-related projects. It is based on the experience gained through consultancy in dealing with various water resources issues and problems, teaching, and research. It serves as a useful resource for graduate students and faculty members in civil engineering, agricultural engineering, and water resources engineering, as well as practicing engineers working in civil, environmental, and agricultural fields.

One of the most diverse, complex and thus most interesting railway routes in the land. It set out as part of Brunel's Great Western Railway plan to cover the country in Broad Gauge tracks but, faced with competition from its great rival, the London and North Western Railway, the Broad Gauge never got beyond Wolverhampton and eventually succumbed to the four feet, eight and a half inches proponents. However, by then the GWR had established itself as the principal provider of passenger and freight trains between London and Birkenhead, on the west bank of the Mersey, facing, and on occasions, snarling at, the LNWR opposite. Its most powerful locomotives, the Kings, powered its expresses from 1927 until the end of steam as far as Birmingham and Wolverhampton, whilst Stanier Pacifics worked those between Euston and Liverpool Lime Street. The route passes through the manicured fields and hunting country of the Chilterns, then plunges into that was once the deeply industrial, polluted but still productive Black Country, before emerging into Shropshire, now essentially rural but where the Industrial Revolution may be said to have originated. As the line approaches the important junction of picturesque Shrewsbury, possessor of a station built out over the River Severn and the largest traditionally worked signal box in the world, the Welsh mountains appear on the western horizon. The line then enters the Principality before returning to England at Chester, and the final stretch, along the banks of the Mersey, to journey's end.

In the Beginning describes the basic methods and theoretical approaches of archaeology. This is a book about fundamental principles written in a clear, engaging style, with minimal use of technical jargon, which approaches archaeology from a global perspective.This new edition includes new case studies and updated sections on the latest archaeological methods, theories, and developments in archaeological science. There are heavily updated chapters on cultural resource management, public archaeology, and the important role of archaeology in society as well as new material on multidisciplinary research, ethics, diversity, underwater archaeology, and the preservation of the archaeological record. Beginning with a broad introduction to the field, this book surveys the highlights of archaeology's vibrant history, then covers the basics of preservation, dating the past, and the context of archaeological finds. Descriptions of field surveys, including the latest remote-sensing methods, excavation, and artifact analysis, lead into the study of ancient environments, landscapes and settlement patterns, and the people of the past. There is also a chapter on archaeology as a potential career. In the Beginning takes the reader on an evenly balanced journey through today's archaeology and introduces them to the importance of archaeology in the modern world.This well-illustrated account, with its numerous boxes and sidebars, is laced with interesting and often entertaining examples of archaeological research from around the globe. It is aimed at introductory students in archaeology and anthropology taking survey courses on archaeology, as well as more advanced readers.