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In Romania, one of the countries with the largest Roma community in Europe, the gap between the majority population and the Roma minority continues to be wide. The paper explores whether there is a sustainability of traditional Roma occupations and crafts or whether we are witnessing a continuous occupational dynamic. The objective of the research is to identify the patterns of traditional and non-traditional economic activities practised in Roma communities in two cities: Timişoara and Cluj-Napoca. The research hypothesis investigates whether there is a wide range of economic activities in analyzed Roma communities, where traditional activities tend to have a negligible share and dynamics compared to non-traditional ones. Also, we analyze whether traditional activities remain relevant in Roma communities and whether they represent a significant occupational resource in the case of external migration. The following statistical hypotheses are presented: there are significant differences between members of Roma communities in Timisoara and Cluj-Napoca. These are observed in the choice of practising non-traditional-traditional economic activities in the country. There are significant differences between members of Roma communities in Timisoara and Cluj-Napoca in the practice of traditional versus non-traditional occupations according to ethnic subgroup membership. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Creative industries, by their nature of innovation through creativity, add value to any territory by giving it spatial functionality, and at the same time, they favour sustainable development through the sustainability of the urban centres in which they operate. This paper develops a GIS methodology based on the implementation of a spatial analysis model that captures, in a comparative way, the spatial functionality of two different urban centres—(Cluj-Napoca (Romania) and Pécs (Hungary))—in terms of spatial extent based on the impact of the spatial distribution of creative industries. The spatial analysis model is based on the management of alpha-numeric databases representing the addresses of the creative industries, based on geolocation, for the development of spatial analyses of pedestrian accessibility. The main aim is to identify the specific areas of 15 and 5 min model cities. The comparative analysis was carried out by implementing a deterministic methodology through which the areas with certain degrees of accessibility were analysed in relation to the total analysed area, with the main aim of standardising the scale of analysis due to the difference between the two urban centres, thus facilitating the use of qualitative boning in the final comparison process. The results obtained highlight the local behaviour, at the same time making it possible to conduct a realistic deterministic comparative analysis of the two urban centres, which are also identifiable from the point of view of local territorial functionality, thereby validating the GIS model implemented in the present study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper presents in a concise form, the results and the conclusions of the COLLES survey administered to students of the 2nd year (Romanian and English taught programs) of the Veterinary Medicine from Cluj-Napoca, during the Anatomy course. The interpretation of the specific COLLES scales (combined preferred and actual) form points to some interesting aspects linked either to some of the interpersonal relations and expectations of the students or to some systemic issues related to the specificity of the didactical process in the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Romania. These conclusions may serve as a good start for a more ample survey of several subjects within the Moodle platform, targeting some clinical-related topics to build a more complete image of the student's needs and specificities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although multiple studies focused on the effects that the Covid-19 pandemic had on students and the strategies adopted for dealing with the effects, few authors looked at what was on the other side of the educational process - teachers. The pandemic had the same influence on teachers as it had on any other social or professional group, leading to increased levels of stress, insomnia, anxiety, uncertainty, fatigue or burnout. However, even faced with these issues, educators had to continue their activity and adapt at a moment's notice to a different paradigm of doing their job and shift from on-site to online teaching. The current qualitative research looks at the multiple effects the public health crisis had on professors in terms of personal and professional life. The paper reviews the measures adopted by educators to adapt to online education, ranging from updates of the course Syllabuses, educational contents, new evaluation methods, video services, and educational platforms used, to communicate and motivate students or the positive and negative facets of e-learn-ing. The interview guide also includes elements related to the future of teaching PA in the post Covid-19 era, the sustainability of online education, and the prospects of returning to the previous paradigm. The empirical research was conducted using semi-structured interviews, the respondents being educators from the Public Administration programs of Babes-Bolyai University of Cluj-Napoca, Romania. Male and female respondents (N=19) ranged from PhD students at the beginning of their teaching activity to full professors with more than two decades of experience. The lessons derived from the Covid-19 pandemic are useful for understanding how universities as a whole and professors in particular deal with the uncertainties and turbulence generated by crises, focusing on systemic and individual resilience. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Metropolitan planning has been a dominant trend in spatial development for decades. In this context, Functional Urban Areas (FUAs) have emerged as a concept to illustrate the economic interdependencies between an urban core and its hinterland, being typically determined by commuting patterns or accessibility criteria. In Romania, FUAs were defined for the county capitals (40 cities) as areas where urban development projects could be financed from regional development funds. This paper analyzes the territorial dynamics in one of Romania's fastest-growing functional urban areas, Cluj-Napoca, using a comparative analysis of satellite images and selected indicators. The results demonstrate the spatial impact of economic development in the past 20 years, revealing expanding boundaries of artificial surface and housing units in FUAs. Unfortunately, the current fragmented territorial configuration is unable to manage the new functional relationships generated by real estate dynamics. Therefore, we support the need to introduce a normative territorial plan at the intercommunity level to correlate the spatial development vision between the main city and its fast-growing suburban areas. Such an instrument will not only support an efficient land-use management and enhanced living conditions, but it will also provide a framework to systematically integrate territorial investments around major cities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We prove that the sequence of the sum of the squares of the Bernstein polynomials is pointwise log-convex. There are given two proofs of this result: one by relating our sequence to the Legendre polynomials sequence and one by induction. I know of this problem from Professor Ioan Rasa, Cluj-Napoca. This work was presented at the International Conference on Approximation Theory and its Applications, Sibiu, 2022, dedicated to the scientific work of Professor Ioan Rasa on the occasion of his 70th anniversary. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Retail gentrification remodels high streets and inner cities worldwide to appeal to the middle class, including specialty coffee consumption. The consumption of coffee in Cluj-Napoca's inner-city district, a Central and Eastern Europe city, challenges certain tenets of the 'revanchist city' hypothesis, as shown through the concepts of 'intraclass diversity' and 'bivalent class narratives'. Analyzing café consumer preferences, keywords associated with cafés, and social positions through nonlinear canonical correlation revealed that the working-class is co-opted into sustaining a creative, business-friendly city image consistent with middle-class consumption fantasies and self-expression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background. Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) and osteoradionecrosis (ORN) are associated with severe disability and continuous pain, both of which are very difficult to control. This study aims to evaluate the outcome of platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) treatment compared to iodoform gauze packing and the primary suture of oral mucosa in patients with both MRONJ and ORN. Methods. Patients suffering from MRONJ and ORN who were treated in the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Clinic of Cluj-Napoca in the last 10 years were selected for this study from the hospital database. Results. PRF treatment proved to be a reliable method to help heal the necrotic bone sites. High-ASA risk patients and immunosuppressed patients are more prone to recurrence and persistent signs and symptoms. Intravenous bisphosphonates produce more intense symptomatology compared to oral administration. The posterior mandible is more difficult to treat compared to other sites. Conclusions. The quality of life of MRONJ and ORN patients may be improved by a protocol that reduces pain and hospitalization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

that the plants exposed to red and blue light had higher growth rates and biomass compared to those exposed to white light. Continuous light exposure also resulted in increased growth and biomass. The study suggests that manipulating light conditions can enhance the growth and development of chamomile plants, potentially improving their cultivation and production.The fifth article discusses a study on the impact of climate change on the distribution of bird species in the Carpathian Mountains. The researchers used species distribution models to predict the potential range shifts of bird species under different climate change scenarios. The results show that many bird species are projected to experience range contractions and shifts to higher elevations. The study emphasizes the need for conservation efforts to mitigate the negative effects of climate change on bird populations.Overall, these articles provide valuable insights into various aspects of biology, including mammal diversity, wolf behavior, spider fauna, plant development, and bird distribution. The studies contribute to our understanding of biodiversity, conservation, and the impacts of environmental factors on different organisms. [Extracted from the article]

Both the Saint Michael Parish of Cluj-Napoca and the entire Diocese of Alba Iulia have been concerned for times with the issue of the loan taken out from the Netherlands. This issue was interpreted in diverse ways, it was divulged by both the Hungarian and Romanian press, and it also launched a public discussion. Yet, its exact background and focal point were unknown. In this study, I endeavour to present both the background and the protagonists and the final resolution of this delicate issue by exploring the contemporary documents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: As the global battle against the COVID-19 pandemic endures, the spread of the Delta variant has introduced nuanced challenges, prompting a nuanced examination. Materials and Methods: We performed a multilevel logistic regression analysis encompassing 197 patients, comprising 44 vaccinated individuals (V group) and 153 unvaccinated counterparts (UV). These patients, afflicted with the Delta variant of SARS-CoV-2, were hospitalized between October 2021 and February 2022 at the COVID-19 department of a University Centre in Cluj-Napoca, Romania. We compared patient characteristics, CT lung involvement, Padua score, oxygen saturation (O2 saturation), ventilation requirements, dynamics of arterial blood gas (ABG) parameters, ICU admission rates, and mortality rates between the two groups. Results: The UV group exhibited a statistically significant (p < 0.05) proclivity toward developing a more severe form of infection, marked by elevated rates of lung involvement, oxygen requirement, ICU admission, and mortality. Conclusion: Our findings underscore the substantial efficacy of the vaccine in diminishing the incidence of severe disease, lowering the rates of ICU admissions, and mitigating mortality among hospitalized patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The appearance of COVID-19 had a major impact on healthcare and the epidemiology of other diseases. Following the cessation of non-pharmacologic interventions destined to limit the spread of COVID-19, influenza reemerged. The aim of this study was to compare the pre-pandemic influenza seasons with the influenza seasons after the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic, and to identify differences in terms of clinical characteristics, risk factors, complications, outcomes, and antiviral and antibiotic treatments. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study from the Teaching Hospital of Infectious Diseases database in Cluj-Napoca, Romania. We analyzed four pre-pandemic seasons and the seasons after the onset of COVID-19. We included adult patients hospitalized with confirmed influenza between October 2016 and August 2023. Variables such as age, sex, duration of hospitalization, severity, clinical manifestations, comorbidities, and Charlson comorbidity index were assessed. Results: A total of 941 patients were included in the analysis. The percentage of severe influenza was similar in both groups, but mortality from influenza was significantly lower after 2022. Virtually all patients were prescribed antivirals; antibiotic prescriptions decreased in the post-COVID-19 influenza seasons. Conclusion: The present study suggests that influenza seasons after 2022 had lower mortality and attenuated clinical presentation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An estimation by simulation of the heating energy saving in the cold season due to heavily insulated exterior window shutters closed at night was performed for a low-rise to mid-rise office building in the following three major Romanian cities: Bucharest, Cluj-Napoca and Iasi. All three locations are in a wet temperate continental climate region. The studied building, whose number of floors was varied from 3 to 22, has a rectangle-shaped floor surface. The considered shutters, covering at night only the pane of the window, were assumed to be EPS panels with various thicknesses. In addition to its height more parameters related to the building were varied: its orientation, the height of the windows, the width of the building and the internal gains produced by building lights and equipment. Finally, some short evaluations were performed for a low-U glazing. For the initial glazing used in the simulation, very good potential savings were found. As the assumed heavily insulated shutters do not exist in the Romanian market, three possible design ideas for such shutters have been sketched at the end, all involving a system of guide rails. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]