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Sarcopenia, an age-related decline in skeletal muscle mass, strength, and function, is increasingly recognized as a significant condition in the aging population, particularly among those with cardiovascular diseases (CVD). This review provides a comprehensive synthesis of the interplay between sarcopenia and cardiogeriatrics, emphasizing shared mechanisms such as chronic low-grade inflammation (inflammaging), hormonal dysregulation, oxidative stress, and physical inactivity. Despite advancements in diagnostic frameworks, such as the EWGSOP2 and AWGS definitions, variability in criteria and assessment methods continues to challenge standardization. Key diagnostic tools include dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and bioimpedance analysis (BIA) for muscle mass, alongside functional measures such as grip strength and gait speed. The review highlights the bidirectional relationship between sarcopenia and cardiovascular conditions such as heart failure, aortic stenosis, and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, which exacerbate each other through complex pathophysiological mechanisms. Emerging therapeutic strategies targeting the mTOR pathway, NAD+ metabolism, and senescence-related processes offer promise in mitigating sarcopenia's progression. Additionally, integrated interventions combining resistance training, nutritional optimization, and novel anti-aging therapies hold significant potential for improving outcomes. This paper underscores critical gaps in the evidence, including the need for longitudinal studies to establish causality and the validation of advanced therapeutic approaches in clinical settings. Future research should leverage multi-omics technologies and machine learning to identify biomarkers and personalize interventions. Addressing these challenges is essential to reducing sarcopenia's burden and enhancing the quality of life for elderly individuals with comorbid cardiovascular conditions. This synthesis aims to guide future research and promote effective, individualized management strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As the global trend of population ageing intensifies, the health management needs of the elderly are becoming increasingly urgent, while the existing pension system and medical resources are ill-equipped to cope with this realistic challenge. In this context, smart health wearables, as a major innovation in the field of health technology. integrate advanced technologies such as sensors, mobile technology and artificial intelligence to efficiently collect and analyze users' physiological data, provide real-time feedback on health conditions and provide early warnings, and help users realize self-health management. These products demonstrate considerable potential for application among the elderly population, offering efficient and convenient health management services that are expected to significantly enhance their quality of life and optimize the allocation of medical resources. In recent years, the rapid development of this field has triggered extensive research in the academic community. However, the majority of existing studies focus on technology development and application scenarios, and lack a systematic overview of the field and a comprehensive comparison of domestic and international studies. To address this gap, the study employed bibliometric methods to systematically review and evaluate the research conducted over the past decade on smart health wearables for the elderly, both domestically and internationally. The aim is to reveal the current research status, hotspots, and trends in this field, and to explore potential research directions, providing valuable insights for academic research, technological innovation, and practical applications. Using the CNKI and Web of Science core databases as data sources, the study selected relevant literature on elderly smart health wearables published between 2013 and 2023. A total of 339 domestic and 649 international papers were chosen, and the data were visualized using VOSviewer and CiteSpace software. First, descriptive statistical analysis was conducted on the annual publication volume, as well as the contributions of countries and institutions. Second, co-occurrence and clustering analyses of keywords were performed to identify research hotspots domestically and internationally. Additionally, keyword time-zone and burst detection were used to reveal the evolution of research frontiers. Finally, co-citation analysis was employed to present the foundational knowledge structure of international research and identify influential classic works. This study is the first to conduct a bibliometric analysis of research on elderly smart health wearables both domestically and internationally. This study has constructed knowledge maps providing a clear framework for the existing research in this field. The study reveals the current research status and trends in the field of smart health wearables for the elderly from four dimensions: spatiotemporal distribution, research hotspots, frontier evolution, and knowledge foundations. The results show that the USA and China dominate international research in this field, with particularly close academic collaboration between the two countries. Although domestic and international research have different focuses, domestic studies mainly concentrate on the integration of wearable technology and elderly care systems, while international research focuses more on technological innovation in health management and its practical applications, as well as elderly technology acceptance. Domestic research has evolved from product development and the optimization of elderly care systems to smart health management applications. Meanwhile, international research has shifted from technology development and system integration to in-depth exploration of elderly technology acceptance and adoption. Additionally, geriatric technology adoption assessment, health monitoring technology innovation, and smart health management applications form the foundational knowledge of this field. Future research should strengthen interdisciplinary collaboration between engineering and medical fields, so as to explore user experience and needs to optimize elderly-centered product design. Long-term efficacy validation is necessary to ensure the practical application of smart health wearables. These studies will drive the further development of smart health wearables for the elderly, and offer effective support in addressing the global health challenges posed by aging. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Central post-stroke pain (CPSP) significantly interferes with the quality of life and psychological well-being of stroke patients. Non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) has attracted significant attention as an emerging method for treating patients with CPSP. Objective: To compare the clinical efficacy of noninvasive brain stimulation on pain, and psychological status of patients with central post-stroke pain using meta-analysis. Methods: A computerized search of multiple databases was performed for identification of randomized controlled trials involving NIBS-led treatment of CPSP patients. Two researchers worked independently on literature screening, data extraction, and quality assessment. Research was conducted from inception of the database until October 2023. RevMan 5.0 and Stata 15.0 software were used to conduct statistical analysis. Results: Sixteen papers with 807 patients were finally included. The results showed that NIBS reduced patients' pain intensity [SMD = −0.39, 95% CI (−0.54, −0.24), p < 0.01] and was more effective in short-term CPSP patients. However, the included studies did not show a significant impact on psychological status, particularly depression. Subgroup analysis suggested that the M1 stimulation point was more effective than other stimulation points [SMD = −0.45, 95% CI (−0.65, −0.25), p < 0.001]. Other stimulation modalities also demonstrated favorable outcomes when compared to rTMS [SMD = −0.67, 95% CI (−1.09, −0.25), p < 0.01]. Conclusion: NIBS has a positive impact on pain relief in patients with CPSP, but does not enhance patients' psychological well-being in terms of anxiety or depression. Furthermore, large-sample, high-quality, and multi-center RCTs are needed to explore the benefits of different stimulation durations and parameters in patients with CPSP. The current study has been registered with Prospero under the registration number CRD42023468419. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Despite a lot of studies that have been conducted on the effects of the built environment on the health of the elderly and environmental salutogenic factors, a limited number of studies have investigated the architectural physical factors clearly. Purpose and Aim: This paper investigated the architectural elements in the non-therapeutic built environment that can achieve salutogenic goals for the elderly. It also aimed to provide an answer to the question of how architectural design might be used to physically bring salutogenic theory to life. Method: In this review study, data were collected systematically using the PRISMA checklist. The three lists of keywords used for the initial search were “built environment” or “architecture,” “elderly,” and “health,” and were supplemented with synonyms for a second search in four databases: Scopus, Science Direct, Web of Science, and PubMed, in the period from 2000 to 2024. By applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, 26 articles were selected for review and data extraction. The data were then qualitatively analyzed, and two reviewers independently verified the analysis. Conclusions: This study found that architectural elements can be salutogenic by supporting the comprehensibility, manageability, and meaningfulness. Porches, Stoop, above-grade entrances, and balconies are key elements in the home that support the sense of coherence. In assisted living facilities, walls were recognized as the only physical factor supporting the sense of coherence due to the creation of a personal, distinct, meaningful, comprehensible, and manageable space. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Non-pharmacological interventions can prevent frailty progression in older adults. • Physical activity and nutrition improved physical function, strength, and muscle mass. • Nutritional therapy offered fewer benefits than that combined with exercise. • The effects on falls, cognitive function, and the quality of life varied. • No effect on mortality was noted. This study aimed to synthesize and assess evidence on non-pharmacological interventions for older adults, including those with prefrailty and frailty. A comprehensive review of randomized trials and cohort studies on non-pharmacological interventions for individuals aged ≥60 was conducted using MEDLINE, CENTRAL, and Web of Science through April 2023. Of the 285 papers screened, 13 met the eligibility criteria. Participants aged 62–98 years were studied across 42,917 individuals. Four systematic reviews (SR) focused on healthy older adults, seven on prefrailty, and eleven on frailty. Interventions included exercise therapy (7 articles), nutritional therapy (3 articles), exercise games (1 article), and combined exercise and nutritional therapy (2 articles). Non-pharmacological interventions showed improvement in frailty in 1 out of 1 SR and prevention of frailty progression in 3 out of 4 SRs. Improvements in physical function were noted in 9 out of 12 SRs, muscle strength in 8 out of 11, and muscle mass in 4 out of 6. Exercise interventions enhanced strength, mass, and function in older adults, including those with prefrailty or frailty, whether alone or combined with other components. Combined exercise and nutritional therapy were found to be more effective than monotherapy. Outcomes related to falls, cognitive function, and quality of life were controversial, and no positive effect on mortality was observed. Exercise therapy, including multicomponent interventions, can prevent frailty and improve physical function, strength, and muscle mass. Nutritional therapy has some advantages, but its combination with exercise therapy is recommended. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Peritoneal dialysis catheter migration, a common complication in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis, often leads to poor dialysate drainage, infection, and abdominal pain. Timely and effective treatment of catheter migration is essential to ensure uninterrupted dialysis. Case presentation: This study presents three cases of peritoneal dialysis (PD) catheter displacement in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD), involving three elderly individuals aged 80, 81, and 76 years. All instances of catheter displacement were primarily localized to the upper abdominal region. Following unsuccessful attempts with traditional repositioning methods (such as positional adjustments, ambulation, and saline infusion), a two-person collaborative repositioning technique was employed, combining external manual pressure with rapid saline injection. Consequently, all catheters were successfully repositioned to the pelvic area and remained stable throughout the follow-up period. Conclusions: This re-port preliminarily demonstrated the feasibility and effectiveness of two-person collaborative repositioning approach in elderly patients with PD catheter displacement. Although the results have potential application value, further studies are needed to verify their generality and long-term efficacy in larger samples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Hypocretin-1 is a vital neurotransmitter in regulating the sleep–wake cycle and provides neuroprotection against cerebral ischemia. We aims to develop a poor sleep quality predictive model for elderly population with acute ischemic stroke. Methods: A total of 183 consecutively elderly patients were included in the prospective cohort study. Sleep quality was assessed by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Cerebrospinal fluid samples were taken within 24 h of acute ischemic stroke onset. After selecting optimal predictors via univariate analysis and bootstrapped stepwise logistic regression, the predictive model was developed. The models were internally validated and evaluated comprehensively via discrimination, calibration, and clinical utility. Results: The prevalence of poor sleep (PSQI >7) was 64.5% among elderly individuals experiencing acute ischemic stroke. The study developed a predictive model using hypocretin-1, hypertension, stroke history, the National Institutes of Health Stroke score, and depression. Adding hypocretin-1 (as continuous variable) significantly improved the model performance greatly, as the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve increased from 0.799 to 0.845 (p < 0.001). The optimal cutoff value for hypocretin-1 was 74.94 pg/mL. Adding hypocretin-1 (as binary variable) significantly improved the model performance greatly, as the AUC increased from 0.799 to 0.857 (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Reduced cerebrospinal fluid levels of hypocretin-1 at admission were an independent poor sleep quality predictor and the model demonstrated superior performance. The combination of hypocretin-1 could offer valuable prognostic information for post-stroke sleep quality in elderly patients with acute ischemic stroke. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To understand the impact of both frailty and chronologic age on outcomes of weaning from invasive mechanical ventilation (MV). Methods: The study population consisted of patients enrolled in the 'WorldwidE. AssessmeNt of Separation of pAtients From ventilatory assistancE (WEAN SAFE) study. We defined 4 non-overlapping groups, namely: 'frail' (clinical frailty scale [CFS] score > 4; age < 80 years); 'elderly' (CFS ≤ 4; age ≥ 80y), 'frail \elderly' (CFS > 4; age ≥ 80 years), and a 'not frail or elderly' population. The primary outcome was the impact of frailty and older age on delayed weaning and failed weaning from invasive MV. Secondary outcomes included the impact of frailty and age on ICU and hospital survival. Results: In the study population, 760 (17%) were frail, while 360 (8%) were elderly, 197 (4%) were frail and elderly, while 3,176 (70%) were not frail or elderly. The frail and elderly cohorts were more likely to be female, had hypoxemic/hypercapnic respiratory failure or sepsis, and had more comorbidities. The proportion of delayed weaning and of failed weaning from invasive MV was significantly higher in the frail (28 and 23%), the elderly (25 and 19%), and the frail and elderly groups (22% and 25%), compared to the not frail or elderly population (12% and 13%, P < 0.01). ICU and hospital mortality was higher in the frail (21 and 33%), the elderly (19 and 31%), and the frail and elderly groups (26 and 46%), compared to the not frail or elderly population (12% and 18%, P < 0.001). In multivariate analyses, there was an independent association between frailty and delayed weaning initiation and weaning failure. Old age was independently associated with risk of weaning failure. Conclusions: Frailty status had a more consistent impact than older age on weaning outcomes. However, overall outcomes in these cohorts are encouraging once separation attempts have been initiated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background/Objectives: The aging population poses a significant challenge to global public health, impacting the physical, mental, and social health of older adults. Social activity has been widely acknowledged as a protective factor for both mental and physical well-being. Research indicates that consistent engagement in social activities can mitigate the risk of depression, prevent cognitive decline, and support physical functionality. This study aims to explore the correlations and associations between two variables related to social activity (self-reported activity level and time spent with friends) and various other variables among geriatric patients in Northern Romania. Methods: This cross-sectional, single-center observational study utilized data from 588 geriatric patients (402 females and 186 males) admitted to the Geriatrics ward of the Municipal Clinical Hospital. The dataset included variables such as sociodemographic information, Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), and SARC-F questionnaire scores, time spent with friends, and activity levels. Descriptive statistics were computed alongside statistical tests to examine group differences, associations, and predictive relationships. Results: The sample was characterized by variability in age, educational attainment, and pension levels. The statistical analyses revealed significant differences based on education, pension, and civil status. Patients with higher GDS and SARC-F scores had lower odds of spending time with friends or belonging to the active or extremely active groups. Notably, women reported higher GDS scores and lower activity levels compared to men. Conclusions: Understanding the factors that influence social activity among older adults is essential for designing targeted interventions aimed at preventing social isolation and fostering healthy aging across diverse demographic and environmental contexts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Cardiogenic shock (CS) is the most frequent cause of in-hospital mortality after ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Data about CS in very elderly (age ≥ 85 years) STEMI patients are scarce. We sought to assess the prognostic factors and the short- and mid-term impact of CS in this population. Methods: Consecutive very elderly STEMI patients undergoing invasive treatment were included in a retrospective multicenter registry. Results: Among 608 patients, 72 (11.8%) fulfilled experienced CS. Peripheral artery disease (PAD) (OR: 2.25, 95% CI: 1.29–3.92, p < 0.01) and cardiac arrest at presentation (OR: 4.36, 95% CI: 2.32–8.21, p < 0.01) were the major independent predictors of CS. Age (HR: 1.07, 95% CI: 1.03–1.11, p < 0.001), PAD (HR: 1.29, 95% CI: 1.01–1.66, p = 0.045), previous MI (HR: 2.16, 95% CI: 1.32–3.55, p = 0.002), and cardiac arrest at presentation (HR: 1.59, 95% CI: 1.29–1.96, p < 0.001) were the major independent predictors of death. CS was associated with a higher risk of mortality at 30 days (adjusted HR: 4.21, 95% CI: 2.19 to 7.78, p < 0.01) mostly driven by higher intraprocedural and in-hospital mortality. Among patients who survived the acute phase and hospitalization, CS at presentation was not associated with a higher mortality risk during the remaining follow-up period (log-rank p = 0.78). Conclusions: At short-term follow-up, very elderly STEMI patients presenting with CS had a higher risk of mortality when compared to non-CS patients. Interestingly, CS patients surviving the acute phase showed a similar survival rate to non-CS patients after discharge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background/Objectives: The COVID-19 pandemic has led to detrimental effects on diverse aspects of the mental and physical health of the general population worldwide. The elderly are more susceptible to COVID-19 infection compared to younger age groups. In this aspect, the purpose of the current survey is to evaluate the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the interrelationships among the sociodemographic and anthropometric characteristics, depressive behavior, quality of life, cognition status, physical activity and nutritional status of older adults. Methods: The present study constitutes a comparative, cross-sectional study of 4162 older adults (mean age ± standard deviation: 72.13 ± 8.1 years and 75.22 ± 8.2 years in the pre- and post-COVID-19 periods, respectively, and a male/female ratio of almost 1:1). We used validated questionnaires to assess depression, cognition function, quality of life, physical activity and nutritional status of the elderly in the pre-Covid and post-Covid periods. Relevant questionnaires were also used for collecting sociodemographic data, while anthropometric data were measured using standard protocols. Results: The present study finds that the COVID-19 pandemic influenced, in an independent manner, residence location, smoking status, overweight/obesity and abdominal obesity, depressive behavior, quality of life, cognition behavior, physical activity levels and nutritional status of the elderly. The COVID-19 pandemic was also related to employment and living status as well as family economic status. Nevertheless, the above three relationships were insignificant in the multivariate analysis. Conclusions: The COVID-19 pandemic exerted deleterious effects on several aspects of the mental and physical health of the elderly, which appeared to strongly persist in the post-Covid period. Future prospective population-based and well-organized surveys should be conducted to establish whether there is a causality long-term effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on diverse aspects of the mental and physical health of the elderly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In light of the demographic shift towards an aging population, there is an increasing prevalence of dementia among the elderly. The negative impact on mental health is preventing individuals from taking proper care of themselves. For individuals requiring hospital care, those receiving home care, or as a precaution for a specific individual, it is advantageous to utilize monitoring equipment to track their biological parameters on an ongoing basis. This equipment can minimize the risk of serious accidents or severe health hazards. The objective of the present research project is to design an armband with an accurate location tracking system. This is of particular importance for individuals with dementia and Alzheimer's disease, who frequently leave their homes and are unable to find their way back. The proposed armband also includes a fingerprint identification system that allows only authorized personnel to use it. Furthermore, in hospitals and healthcare facilities the biometric identification system can be used to trace periodic medical or nursing visits. This process improves the reliability and transparency of healthcare. The test results indicate that the armband functions in accordance with the desired design specifications, with performance evaluation of the main features including fall detection, where a hit rate of 100% was obtained, a fingerprint recognition test demonstrating accuracy from 88% to 100% on high-quality samples, and a GPS tracking test determining position with a difference of between 1.8 and 2.1 m. The proposed solution may be of benefit to healthcare professionals, supported housing providers, elderly people as target users, or their family members. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the era where digital technologies are becoming increasingly prevalent, it is anticipated that a majority of the global population will have at least a basic understanding of informatics. However, empirical evidence suggests that a significant portion of the global population remains digitally illiterate. This phenomenon is particularly pronounced in the case of the senior adult population. In light of the aforementioned challenges, this work integrates Computer Science Unplugged exercises, based on games and recreational activities without the use of computers, and L2T2L, a learning-by-teaching methodology whereby university students learn and then, in turn, teach that learning to other populations in a cascading manner. A case study was conducted in Lima, Peru, with the participation of 140 volunteers from centres for the elderly. Thirty-five students and one teacher from the Universidad Científica del Sur were responsible for initiating the transfer of knowledge from the university to the senior citizens, with the assistance of twelve individuals responsible for their care. The results demonstrate that the participants attained a commendable level of comprehension when attempting to complete all of the assigned tasks. Furthermore, the efficacy of L2T2L is evident in its adaptability and suitability for scenarios beyond those for which it was originally designed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The issue of food security amongst older people is a growing concern, as ageing populations face unique challenges that impact their access to adequate nutrition. This scoping review aims to explore and synthesise existing literature on food security in later life, identifying key factors contributing to food insecurity amongst seniors and highlighting interventions that can enhance food access. By employing a systematic approach based on Arksey and O'Malley's framework, this study examines research from multiple databases, focussing on studies published in the past decade. The findings reveal a multifaceted problem influenced by socio-economic status, health limitations, social isolation and geographic barriers. Elderly individuals often encounter mobility issues that hinder their ability to procure food, while fixed incomes and rising costs exacerbate their access to nutritious options. In addition, the review identifies successful community-based programmes and policy initiatives that have shown promise in addressing these challenges, emphasising the importance of tailored interventions that consider the specific needs of older people. The analysis highlights significant gaps in the current literature, particularly in the areas of culturally sensitive programmes and the long-term effects of food insecurity on mental health. Furthermore, the role of technology in mitigating food insecurity presents a promising yet underexplored avenue for future research. The review underscores the critical need for comprehensive strategies integrating policy, community support and technological innovations to effectively combat food insecurity amongst seniors. By addressing these issues, stakeholders can improve the overall quality of life and health outcomes for the elderly population, ensuring their nutritional needs are met sustainably. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and aims: Despite technical advances, endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is associated with complications and potentially lethal outcomes. Sarcopenia, a complex syndrome mainly associated with aging, has been recognized as a predictor of poor surgical outcomes. Thus far, the impact of sarcopenia on ERCP remains unknown. The present study evaluates the role of sarcopenia as a predictor of ERCP-related outcomes in a cohort of elderly patients. Methods: Patients who underwent ERCP between June 2019 and January 2023 were retrospectively included. Demographic and procedure-associated data were collected. Sarcopenia was assessed using the skeletal muscle index (SMI) measured from a single axial slice through the L3 vertebra on a CT scan. ERCP-related outcomes were recorded. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to assess the correlation between sarcopenia and procedural outcomes. Results: In total, 256 patients were enrolled, of whom 30 (11.7%) were sarcopenic. Cardiopulmonary complications of ERCP occurred in 3.5%. Sarcopenia was associated with higher 30-day and 12-month post-ERCP mortality (OR 3.45, p = 0.03; OR 3.87, p = 0.004) and longer hospitalization time (7 vs. 11 days, p = 0.003). Conclusions: SMI is an easy and objective index of sarcopenia that could be used to predict ERCP outcomes. Indeed, sarcopenia was independently associated with prolonged hospitalization and increased mortality in a retrospective cohort of elderly patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: This study aims to evaluate the safety and efficacy of prostatic artery embolization (PAE) in elderly, multimorbid patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Additionally, it seeks to identify technical and clinical factors that predict clinical failure at the mid-term follow-up. Methods: We analyzed the clinical records of 175 consecutive patients who underwent PAE. Technical success was defined as achieving embolization on at least one side. Safety was assessed using the Clavien–Dindo classification. The pre-procedural international prostate symptom score (IPSS), quality of life (QoL) score, prostate volume (PV), prostate-specific antigen (PSA), maximum urinary flow rate (Qmax), and post-void residual urine (PVR) were compared with values assessed at the follow-up evaluation. Clinical failure was defined as no improvement or worsening of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) based on the IPSS at the follow-up evaluation. Univariate and multivariate regression models were applied to identify predictors of clinical failure. Results: 158 patients met the inclusion criteria. The median age was 74 years (68, 79), with a median ASA score of 2 (2, 3) and a Charlson comorbidity index (CCI) of 5 (4, 7). Follow-up assessments were carried out at a median of 12 months (0, 1). IPSS decreased by −5 points (−8, 0), QoL by −1 point (−1, 0), PV by −19 cc (−26, −8), PVR by −45 cc (−25 to −80), and PSA by −1.1 ng/mL (−2.5, −0.2) (p < 0.01); while Qmax improved by 4 mL/s (2, 6) (p < 0.01). A total of 44 patients (30.3%) experienced clinical failure, which was significantly correlated with unilateral embolization (p < 0.01). Multivariate regression analysis indicated that higher CCI, elevated PVR, and the use of larger microspheres were associated with poorer clinical outcomes, with odds ratios of 2.17 (95% CI: 1.4–3.38), 1.02 (95% CI: 1.01–1.03), and 26.83 (95% CI: 4.81–149.8), respectively (p < 0.01). Conclusions: PAE is a safe and effective treatment for elderly multimorbid patients with BPH. Comprehensive pre-procedural clinical assessment, incorporating the CCI and PVR, is essential to optimize treatment outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The escalating longevity facilitated by medical advancements has led to a surge in elderly individuals grappling with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and progressing to end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Objectives: Our study addresses the paucity of research on octogenarians undergoing dialysis, a highly co-morbid and frail subset, particularly in the context of a resource-limited setting like India. Patients and Methods: A retrospective observational study at Kasturba Medical College and Hospital in Manipal, India, examined 18 octogenarian dialysis patients from 2017 to 2022. Clinical details, including age, co-morbidities, dialysis patterns, and laboratory data, were collected. The Coxproportional hazards model assessed factors influencing survival. Results: The majority-initiated dialysis in emergencies (72%), predominantly via central venous catheters. Hospitalizations post-dialysis were common (median 2.5). Survival rates at 1, 3, and 5 years were 61%, 54%, and 44%, respectively. Sudden cardiac death (64%) emerged as the predominant cause, with a significant impact of a higher Charlson comorbidity index on survival (HR 3.11; 95% CI [1.21-7.89]; P = 0.018). Conclusion: Octogenarian dialysis patients, marked by substantial co-morbidities, exhibit reduced survival, particularly with higher comorbidity scores. Hospitalizations contribute significantly to morbidity. Our study underscores the need for nuanced care strategies tailored to this vulnerable population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: The aim of this project was to improve the self-management of diabetes among elderly residents in a Belgian home for the aged. Introduction: Diabetes is a common chronic condition with significant comorbidity. Incidence is increasing, but a third of patients with diabetes are unaware that they have the disease. The treatment of diabetes requires a multifactorial approach. Treatment guidelines on diabetes recommend involving patients in monitoring their condition because supported self-management improves daily glycemic control. Methods: This evidence implementation project used the JBI Evidence Implementation Framework, which follows three phases. In the first phase, the area of change, stakeholders' role, and practice context and readiness for change are investigated. In the second phase, a baseline audit is conducted to compare current practice with best practice. Strategies are then implemented to address any areas of non-compliance with best practice. In the third phase, a follow-up audit is conducted to evaluate changes in practice. Results: At baseline, six criteria had 0% compliance, two criteria had compliance lower than 50%, and only 49% of health care workers were familiar with the procedure for hypoglycemia treatment. Improvement strategies included creating awareness among health workers. In the follow-up audit, one criterion improved from 0% to 100%, three criteria improved from 0% to 85%, two criteria reached the threshold of 50% compliance, and one criterion reached 19%. Further audits are needed to ensure sustainability. Conclusions: This project improved diabetes self-management in elderly people living in a Belgian home for the aged. An in-depth planning phase with internal facilitation and interdisciplinary collaboration between all co-workers addressed barriers related to quality systems, structure, communication, and education. http://links.lww.com/IJEBH/A258 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The prevalence of age-related eye disorders is increasing with the aging of the global population. Community-based visual health education for the elderly has become a crucial intervention. With the advancement of technology, the application of extended reality (XR), such as virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR), in health education has become more popular. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of educating the elderly about common age-related eye disorders through a novel AR-based health education workshop. Methods: An AR-based education workshop was designed for the elderly to understand the major visual symptoms of several eye diseases and experience the challenges faced by visually impaired people. The effectiveness of the workshop was assessed by conducting pre- and post-activity surveys to measure the knowledge acquisition of the participants from this workshop. Results: The intervention was found to significantly improve knowledge of age-related eye diseases among the elderly, while the participants' age and education level could influence the effectiveness of their knowledge gained from the workshop. Conclusions: Our study revealed the potential of the use of AR technology in facilitating health education on eye diseases in the elderly. The specific backgrounds and characteristics of target participants and the combination of AR with other pedagogical approaches warrant further investigation to maximize the impact of AR-based workshops in health education in broader healthcare contexts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Comprehensively map and summarize digital health initiatives for the elderly and caregivers. Methods: Scoping review between April and May 2022 based on Joanna Briggs methodology. Databases used included PubMed, Cochrane Library, CINAHL Plus, and Web of Science, along with grey literature and hand searches. Two reviewers independently conducted screening and eligibility phases, with a third resolving disagreements. Data were thematically analyzed. Results: The review included 421 documents. Most documents were published between 2013 and 2022, with a recent increase. Most studies, originating from high-income countries, focused on home applications and were mainly in the testing and validation stages. Telephones and computers were the predominant devices. Health objectives included monitoring, prevention, and treatment, with interventions utilizing directed communication and personal health monitoring for individuals, and telemedicine and decision support for healthcare providers. Conclusion: Increasing integration of technology in older adults' lives, along with their increasing proficiency, is driving a significant rise in digital health interventions. Despite this growth, further research in middle- and low-income countries, for caregivers and evaluating effectiveness and feasibility of these technological interventions is needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Atypical fibroxanthoma (AFX) is a dermal spindle-cell cutaneous malignancy, which is a relatively benign type of skin cancer that occurs in the elderly with sun-damaged skin. This is a case study of a rapidly enlarged left auricular mass lesion in an elderly patient who was diagnosed with AFX based on histopathological and immunohistochemical findings, and then treated by complete excision to prevent recurrence or metastasis. There was no recurrence during the 1-year follow-up. For otolaryngologists or plastic surgeons, recognizing the clinical and pathologic characteristics of AFX is important for accurate diagnosis and treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]