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Modeling real industrial systems is a challenging task due to the complex nature of process data. Data-driven models commonly employ machine learning algorithms, but they often lack the ability to adapt to changes in the system over time. This paper proposes a method that uses Echo State Networks (ESN), a simplified version of Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN), to model an industrial plant. The ESN model incorporates online adaptation to system changes and enables the visualisation of deviations or errors in the operation of the plant. This adaptive model acknowledges acceptable changes within the original system while identifying potential problems or errors. The advantage of this approach is that the same model can be applied to other systems with the same design, eliminating the need for algorithm retraining. Firstly, its successful offline application in visualising anomalies applied to the reference plant is assessed. Secondly, the model is tested for online adaptation to changes in another plant with an identical design but slight differences, while still observing the generated faults. Residual colour maps are used for the visualisation of anomalies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Railway vehicles are often subjected to stationary creep forces, such as those resulting from traction/braking, which can significantly affect their dynamic performance. This paper presents an analytical method to analyse the steering performance of elastically constrained wheelsets under stationary traction/braking torque. Two indices, which are independent of vehicle velocity, the 'self-steering index' and the 'lateral flexibility index', are proposed to evaluate the steering ability. The impact of traction/braking condition on the steering ability is analysed, in which the saturation characteristics of wheel-rail creep are considered. The findings confirm that stationary longitudinal creep forces, arising from traction/braking, negatively impact the steering ability of elastically constrained wheelsets. The lateral displacements are found to be larger with the same lateral external force and consequently flange contact may occur. To control the system to avoid it reaching this extreme, an optimised torque distribution strategy is proposed to minimise the impact of traction/braking on the self-steering ability. The analytical method presented in this study offers insights into the dynamics of railway vehicles under complex working conditions, facilitating further research in this field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper presents measurements of the lateral force and self-aligning torque from cargo and city bicycle tyres. Based on the experimental data, we have determined the parameters for the Magic Formula model, for lateral force and self-aligning torque. We performed tests with VeTyT, an indoor test rig specific for bicycle tyres, under different vertical loads (ranging from 343 N to 526 N), camber angles (−5, 0, 5) deg and inflation pressure (from 300 kPa to 500 kPa). For each condition, we evaluated the cornering stiffness and found that it generally decreases with the increase in inflation pressure for the tour/city bicycle tyres. However, the cargo tyre tested showed an opposite trend, with an increase in the cornering stiffness as the inflation pressure increased from 300 kPa to 400 kPa. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Influence maximization (IM) is crucial for recommendation systems and social networks. Previous research primarily focused on static networks, neglecting the homophily and dynamics inherent in real-world networks. This has led to inaccurate simulations of information spread and influence propagation between nodes, with traditional IM algorithms' selected seed node sets failing to adapt to network evolution. To address this issue, this paper proposes a homophilic and dynamic influence maximization strategy based on independent cascade model (HDIM). Specifically, HDIM consists of two components: the seed node selection strategy that accounts for both homophily and dynamics (SSHD), and the independent cascade model based on influence homophily and dynamics (ICIHD). SSHD strictly constrains the proportions of different node types in the seed node set and can flexibly update the seed node set when the network structure changes. ICIHD redefines the propagation probabilities between nodes, adjusting them in response to changes in the network structure. Experimental results demonstrate HDIM's excellent performance. Specifically, the influence range of HDIM exceeds that of state-of-the-art methods. Furthermore, the proportions of various activated nodes are closer to those in the original network. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, many scholars have carried out a large number of theoretical studies on mechanism systems with joint clearances. Some scholars have conducted relevant experiments with simple planar mechanisms, for example, which have proved the feasibility and applicability of the numerical dynamics calculation method and different contact force models to a certain extent. In order to verify the correctness of the theoretical analysis method of the system dynamics considering coating and joint clearances in the previous stage, this paper independently designed and built the RSSP experimental platform of the spatial four-bar mechanism by taking the shear fork mechanism of the soybean picking and separating machine in farming operations, and measured the dynamic changes in the execution components and the wear depth of the spherical shell surface in different working conditions. The effectiveness of the coating on alleviating vibration, reducing joint wear, and extending the working life of the system mechanism was verified. The experimental conclusions provide strong data support for the subsequent effective and long-life operation of the soybean picking and sorting integrated machine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In practical engineering applications, the vibration is often generated in various directions and can be harmful to the engineering equipment. Thus, it is necessary to develop vibration isolators that can reduce vibration in multiple directions. In this paper, we propose a planar two-dimensional vibration isolator based on compliant mechanisms. The proposed mechanism consists of two negative stiffness-compliant modules and two positive stiffness-compliant modules, which leads to the quasi-zero stiffness (QZS) property in the mechanism. The dynamic model is established by using the third-order Taylor expansion and the harmonic balance method. Based on the dynamic model, the influence of different parameters on the displacement transmissibility is discussed, including damping ratio, system stiffness, and excitation amplitude. Finally, we conducted the vibration isolation experiments and obtained the displacement transmissibility of the isolator. The results verify that the proposed isolator has good isolation performance for low-frequency vibration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, a novel age-structured epidemiological model that simultaneously considers multiple viral strains is proposed. We develop a numerical framework for the study of the dynamics and optimal control by a linearly implicit Euler method, in which the biological meaning is unconditionally preserved. The first order convergence of numerical solutions in a finite time is derived from a uniform numerical boundedness. Moreover, the numerical dynamics are determined by a numerical basic reproduction number R h , which reflects the asymptotic stability of the equilibrium points. The abstract framework offers an effective and unified approach to study the long-time behaviour of multi-strain epidemic models that cover a wide variety of well-known models, which also provides a numerical optimal control strategy of the multi-strain age-structured SIR model. Finally, some numerical simulations illustrate the verification and the efficiency of our results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

'Zombie lending' occurs when a lender supports an otherwise insolvent borrower. Recent studies document that zombie lending has been widespread following the European sovereign debt crisis. In this paper, I develop a quantitative model to study the impact of these lending practices on firm dynamics. In the model, firm liquidations and zombie lending arise endogenously. The model provides a good match to key euro‐area firm statistics over the period 2011–14. I find that zombie lending has a substantial impact on borrowing costs, helping more low‐productivity firms to survive. This, in turn, causes a drag on aggregate output, investment and productivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper presented research results of a digital control system for a dynamic plant with pulse-width modulation (PWM) of control impacts. As the control PWM signal is taken the pulse duty cycle, is calculated on each current cycle of the sample from the measured values. A control algorithm is proposed based on a hybrid application of the linear-quadratic optimization procedure and the theory of observers of minimal complexity. To ensure execution that the conditions of Astatism are met, the dynamic model of the plant is supplemented with a discrete integrator. The proposed approach makes it possible to reduce hardware costs and increase the robustness of the control system due to the exclusion of operations for digital-analogue transformations of signals. The proposed algorithm for digital control of a dynamic plant with varying duty cycle values of the PWM signal shows that the PWM model turned out to be linear and practically inertia less, which makes it easy to take into account the modulator model, which significantly simplifies the solution of the problem of synthesizing a control system for a dynamic plant. The possibility of receiving a high-quality modulated control signal allows for significant suppression of signal pulsations and high control accuracy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The last four decades have witnessed the flourished harvesting in optical tweezers technology, leading to the development of a number of mainstream and emerging disciplines, particularly in physico-chemical processes. In recent years, with the advancement of optical tweezers technology, the study of particle dynamics has been further developed and enhanced. This review presents an overview of the research progress in optical tweezers from the perspective of particle dynamics. It cites relevant theoretical models and mathematical formulas, delves into the principles of mechanics involved in optical tweezers technology, and analyzes the coupling of the particle force field to the optical field in a continuous medium. Through a review of the open literature, this paper highlights historical advances in research on the dynamical behavior of particles since the invention of optical tweezers, including diffusion, aggregation, collisions, and fluid motion. Furthermore, it shows some specific research cases and experimental results in recent years to demonstrate the practical application effects of the combination of particle dynamics and optical tweezers technology in several fields. Finally, it discusses the challenges and constraints facing the field of combining particle technology with optical tweezers technology and prospects potential future research directions and improvements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Given the growing threat of an impending space debris crisis, nations worldwide have intensified their research efforts in satellite deorbiting technologies. Electrodynamic tether and braking sails stand out as popular methods for spacecraft deorbiting that do away with the necessity for propellant. However, these methods possess their own set of limitations. This paper presents a holistic dynamical model for a fusion of electrodynamic tether and braking sails. The aim is to avoid the complex nonlinear dynamics during the deployment, retrieval, and dwell time of electrodynamic tether, while compensating for the insufficient trust generated by braking sails in high orbital environments. The objective is to enable satellite to deorbit swiftly and stably under a broader range of conditions. Specifically accomplishing the following three aspects: conceptualizing the design of an ideal equipment, implementing simulated deorbiting process, and conducting an efficiency comparative analysis with prevalent current deorbiting methods. Through numerical simulations, the effectiveness and feasibility of this proposed design have been validated. • Electrodynamic tethers attachment arrangement to avoid complex dynamics control. • Combined de-orbiting strategy is practical and more efficient. • Accurate environmental modelling considering size effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• A triple combustion wave dynamics model has been developed. • The dynamical evolution of the combustion wave pressure and expansion velocity was simulated. • The effect of the combined laser delay on the plasma growth rate to. • The relationship between fused silica damage morphology and combined lasers was explored. • The generation and propagation mechanism of triple-combustion waves was illustrated. Fused silica, which is widely used in optical systems, limits the load capacity of the optical system when it is damaged by laser irradiation. In this paper, a combined millisecond-nanosecond pulsed laser induced triple combustion wave dynamics model for fused silica generation is developed. The relationship between pulse delay and the dynamic propagation of plasma and combustion waves induced by combined laser-induced fused silica was studied from three aspects: theory, simulation, and experiment. The results show that the energy deposition of the nanosecond laser injects energy into the dilute plasma, which increases the speed of the double-burning wave to form a triple-burning wave. In addition, it was found that the combined effect of viscous shear between the plasma plume and the air exacerbates the degree of imbalance in the Knudsen layer instantaneously releasing pressure and increasing the complexity of plasma and combustion wave propagation, recoil pressure produces a more complex crack network on the fused silica surface. The results provide a better understanding of the propagation properties of plasma and triple-burning waves during combined millisecond-nanosecond induced fused silica damage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Introduces a cost-effective perspective upright correction (PUC) method to capture vortices using a single tilted camera. • Demonstrates the superior accuracy of PUC method compared to upright camera view, highlighting its novelty in vortex capture. • Validates LES framework in predicting vortex behavior via qualitative and quantitative comparisons with PUC-corrected data. • Showcases LES ability to capture detailed vortex dynamics, including axial velocity, vorticity, and circulation strength. • Examine vortex core properties, revealing that larger wake spiral loci do not necessarily indicate a larger vortex core size. Wind tunnel tests are commonly used to visualize the trailing vortices, but tests involving advanced optical measurement techniques can be costly. Camera-based experiments are more affordable, but the low visibility caused by smoke particles and limitations of the upright view make vortex characterization and quantification challenging. In this paper, the proposed perspective upright correction allows adjustment of the slanted plane during post-processing. This technique has reduced the complexity of wind tunnel set-up, and yet yielding a more accurate result than the native upright view. Large Eddy Simulation (LES) is then utilized with proper mesh design within the vortex core volume to effectively capture the smaller scales features of the wingtip vortex and validate against the perspective upright corrected characterization from wind tunnel experiment. The vortex core defined by its maximum tangential velocity will be analyzed against the physical wake evolution captured in wind tunnel, providing insights into the relationship between these two methodologies. The demonstrated accuracy and credibility of the CFD model can ensure that the future simulations in the extended field can be accurately predicted and analyzed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Magnetic-electric-mechanical interaction model can accurately simulate the vehicle dynamics. • Active electromagnetic damper satisfies the power limit. • Active electromagnetic damper can change the damping from negative to positive. • Active electromagnetic damper can improve the comfort of carbodies to an excellent level. The intrinsic damping of the superconducting electrodynamic suspension (EDS) system is very small, and even negative damping in some speed ranges. It is necessary to develop electromagnetic damper to improve the suspension stability and running stability of the maglev train. In this paper, the magnetic-electric-mechanical interaction (MEMI) model of superconducting EDS considering superconducting magnets (SCMs) attitude parameters and guideway irregularity, the active electromagnetic damper (AEMD) model based on voltage controlled damping coils, and the co-simulation dynamic model of single bogie and three-group trains with 5 degrees of freedom (DOFs) are established. Firstly, the damping characteristics of EDS system with and without AEMD are analyzed by energy method. The results show that adding AEMD can change the damping of EDS system from negative to positive. Secondly, the influence of acceleration proportional coefficient(k a) on the vibration reduction effect, control voltage and power consumption of AEMD is analyzed. Considering the vibration reduction effect and power limitation, it is suggested that the k a of AEMD should be taken in the range of 0.2 ∼ 0.3, and the minimum value should be taken as far as possible under the premise of meeting the engineering vibration reduction demand. Finally, based on the three-group trains co-simulation model, the effect of AEMD on the vibration attenuation of vehicle system in the speed range of 200 ∼ 600 km/h is evaluated. The results show that AEMD can effectively attenuate the vertical vibration of carbody, frame and SCM in the range of 2.8 ∼ 18.5 Hz, but can not attenuate the vibration of carbody about 1 Hz. AEMD can significantly attenuate the vibration of the vehicle system, so that the vertical Sperling stability index of the head, middle and tail vehicles are reduced to less than 2.5, which improves the ride comfort of the vehicle. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• The novel mesh-type elastic cushion plate with orifices (NMTECPO) is proposed for the first time. • The key parameters of NMTECPO were determined by theoretical derivation. • Experiments and FSC calculations validate the theoretical derivation. • The vibration reduction effectiveness of NMTECPO is compared with traditional elastic cushion plate. Elastic cushion plates in fastener systems play a critical role in controlling vibrations and noise, yet enhancing their damping capacity while maintaining cost-efficiency remains a persistent challenge. This paper presents a Novel Mesh-Type Elastic Cushion Plate with Orifices (NMTECPO), featuring innovative structural modifications that leverage air-damping mechanisms to achieve superior performance. Unlike conventional elastic cushions, NMTECPO incorporates a unique mesh structure with variable orifices and chamber volumes, significantly boosting its damping properties. Key structural parameters influencing the stiffness and damping characteristics of the NMTECPO such as orifice aperture, chamber volume, loading frequency, and loading amplitude, are identified through theoretical derivation and validated by extensive comparative tests. A fluid–structure interaction finite element model further demonstrates enhanced damping performance by optimizing the orifice aperture and chamber volume. Dynamic simulations also reveal that NMTECPO exhibits superior vibration attenuation compared to traditional cushion plates. The proposed NMTECPO offers a novel approach by effectively integrating structural innovations and parameter optimization to improve vibration damping, providing a cost-efficient solution with potential for future engineering applications and structural refinement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Eastern Australia experienced record-breaking rainfall and flooding during 2022, which devastated communities and led to over AU$6 billion of damage. In this study, we conduct a multiscale analysis to understand why 2022 was unusually wet with multiple record-breaking rainfall events over the year. We assess the synoptic- and mesoscale conditions during three key periods: February–March, July, and October. These periods were chosen because they were impactful and represent three different seasons. Next, we examine the large-scale climate drivers and evaluate how unusual these events were compared to previous years. Finally, we discuss predictability and the possible impact of climate change on the drivers of heavy rainfall in eastern Australia. The exceptional rainfall was likely due to excessive slow-moving cyclones combined with ample atmospheric moisture flux. The key climate drivers (El Niño–Southern Oscillation, Indian Ocean dipole, and Southern Annular Mode) primed the synoptic conditions for frequent rain-bearing weather systems. There was limited predictability beyond the 1-week lead time for the February–March and July events, but the 1-month seasonal forecast for October indicated rainfall in eastern Australia. The complexity of multiday extreme rainfall makes it difficult to distinguish the role of climate change from natural variability. However, we highlight where future research could focus to help us understand climate risks to this region. Our results emphasize the importance of examining rainfall from multiple perspectives and considering the interactions between weather and climate scales because analyzing drivers in isolation is insufficient for explaining high-impact weather. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present research works focuses on the control synchronization of anti-resonance vibration system (ARVS) with two eccentric rotors driven by the motors. The small parameters average method and Hamilton's criterion are employed to analyze the self-synchronous theory of the proposed system from the views of mechanics and mathematics. The research results show that the zero-phase synchronization between two motors is difficult to carry out owing to its own weak coupling property; the ideal dynamic characteristics of the ARVS are easily destroyed by the material quality fluctuation. Therefore, the controllers of the angular speed and phase angle are designed by using the sliding mode control (SMC) algorithm with master-slave control structure. And then Lyapunov theory is used to prove the stability of the controllers. Moreover, some simulation results are given to explore the feasibility and validity of the proposed controllers. The results indicate that the zero-phase synchronization between two motors can be performed by using the proposed control strategy; meanwhile, the ideal dynamic characteristics of the ARVS can be maintained by the proposed controllers with the material quality fluctuation; additionally, a strong robustness of the control system is carried out to reject the structural parametric interferences to the dynamic characteristics. The results can provide a control method for the engineering design of the anti-resonance vibration machine and help anti-resonance vibration machine adapt to more complex working environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ship cleaning poses significant risks and consumes considerable time, primarily due to the irregular hull surface geometry and the unpredictable ship motion induced by wave excitation. To address this challenge and achieve efficient, autonomous cleaning, a spatial variable structure cable-based bulkhead cleaning robot (SC-R) is proposed. Unlike traditional cable-driven parallel mechanisms (CDPMs), SC-R operates in a non-inertial frame, whereby its motion is subject to continuous and unpredictable ship motion. Consequently, SC-R exhibits intricate dynamic characteristics, posing a significant hurdle for controller design. To solve this problem, a sliding-mode controller is proposed for SC-R. Specifically, the dynamic model of SC-R, which includes ship motion and various disturbing forces, is systematically established using the Newton-Euler method. Furthermore, a fuzzy adaptive PI sliding-mode controller (FAPI-SMC) is specifically proposed to enhance the convergence speed and robustness of SC-R. The stability of the closed-loop system is analyzed using Lyapunov theory, and the tracking error is proved to be eventually bounded. Finally, the availability of this theory is confirmed by simulation and experiment. It is shown that FAPI-SMC can achieve a satisfactory control effect in practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to solve the limitations of the existing bridge pier damage detection equipment, a rope-driven bridge pier damage detection robot (RDBPDR) is proposed. Firstly, the composition of the RDBPDR system was introduced. Secondly, the kinematical and dynamical model of the RDBPDR was established, and the optimization model of rope tension was given. Based on the dynamic model, the evaluation method and index of the stability of the RDBPDR were given. Finally, the distribution of the stability evaluation index of the RDBPDR in the workspace was clarified with an example calculation and analysis. The results show that the stability of the RDBPR gradually decreases from the geometric center to the boundary area in the horizontal section. With the increase in the height of the damage detection platform, the stability of the RDBPDR gradually increases in the vertical direction, but this change is not significant. It provides a basis for detection task planning, overall structure configuration, and prototype testing in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Simple Summary: Three-dimensional spheroid models better reflect tumor biology compared to cell lines growing two-dimensionally in culture dishes. The 3R principle of replacement, reduction, and refinement of animal experiments has further enhanced interest in innovative 3D spheroid techniques. The present study establishes a triple cell spheroid model of pancreatic carcinoma that characterizes intratumoral T cell motility as a parameter of T cell effector function. Spheroid formation upon coculture of tumor cells, macrophages, and CTLs allowed intratumoral T cell migration analysis. Interaction between macrophages and highly mobile CTLs that recognized the model antigen OVA on pancreatic cancer cells was visualized, and parameters of T cell and macrophage motility were characterized. The presence of macrophages increased T cellular motility. Treatment of macrophages with NLRP3 inflammasome activator nigericin increased the velocity of intratumoral CTLs, but decreased CTL arrest on target cells and cytotoxic efficacy. Our work aims to establish T cell motility analysis in tumor spheroids as a readout parameter of T cellular effector function, contributing to ongoing efforts to refine animal experiments in cancer research. Background: Most spheroid models use size measurements as a primary readout parameter; some models extend analysis to T cell infiltration or perform caspase activation assays. However, to our knowledge, T cell motility analysis is not regularly included as an endpoint in imaging studies on cancer spheroids. Methods: Here, we intend to demonstrate that motility analysis of macrophages and T cells is a valuable functional endpoint for studies on molecular interventions in the tumor microenvironment. In particular, T cell migration analysis represents the final step of effector function, as T cells engage with targets cells upon cytotoxic interaction, which is represented by an arrest within the spheroid volume. Therefore, T cell arrest is a novel readout parameter of T cell effector function in spheroids. Results: Here, we demonstrate that incubation of macrophages with nigericin for NLRP3 activation increases T cell velocity, but results in decreased T cellular arrest. This is paralleled by reduced rejection kinetics of pancreatic cancer spheroids in the presence of antigen-dependent T cells and nigericin-treated macrophages. Our model demonstrates consistent changes in T cell motility upon coculturing of T cells and tumors cells with macrophages, including influences of molecular interventions such as NLRP3 activation. Conclusions: Motility analysis using a spheroid model of pancreatic cancer is a more sophisticated alternative to in vitro cytotoxicity assays measuring spheroid size. Ultimately, an optimized spheroid model might replace at least some aspects of animal experiments investigating T cell effector function. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The conformational and dynamical properties of a long semi-flexible active polymer chain confined in a circular cavity are studied by using Langevin dynamics simulation method. Results show that the steady radius of gyration of the polymer decreases monotonically with increasing the active force. Interestingly, the polymer forms stable compact spiral with directional rotation at the steady state when the active force is large. Both the radius of gyration and the angular velocity of the spiral are nearly independent of the cavity size, but show scaling relations with the active force and the polymer length. It is further found that the formation of the stable compact spiral in most cases is a two-step relaxation process, where the polymer first forms a metastable swelling quasi spiral and then transforms into the stable compacted spiral near the wall of the cavity. The relaxation time is mainly determined by the transformation of the swelling quasi spiral, and shows remarkable dependence on the size of the cavity. Specially, when the circumference of the circular is nearly equivalent to the polymer length, it is difficult for the polymer to form the compacted spiral, leading to a large relaxation time. The underlying mechanism of the formation of the compacted spiral is revealed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Influence maximization (IM) is crucial for recommendation systems and social networks. Previous research primarily focused on static networks, neglecting the homophily and dynamics inherent in real-world networks. This has led to inaccurate simulations of information spread and influence propagation between nodes, with traditional IM algorithms’ selected seed node sets failing to adapt to network evolution. To address this issue, this paper proposes a homophilic and dynamic influence maximization strategy based on independent cascade model (HDIM). Specifically, HDIM consists of two components: the seed node selection strategy that accounts for both homophily and dynamics (SSHD), and the independent cascade model based on influence homophily and dynamics (ICIHD). SSHD strictly constrains the proportions of different node types in the seed node set and can flexibly update the seed node set when the network structure changes. ICIHD redefines the propagation probabilities between nodes, adjusting them in response to changes in the network structure. Experimental results demonstrate HDIM’s excellent performance. Specifically, the influence range of HDIM exceeds that of state-of-the-art methods. Furthermore, the proportions of various activated nodes are closer to those in the original network.

The editorial discusses the intricate relationship between land use and carbon emissions in the context of carbon neutrality and carbon peaking goals. Various research topics explore the impact of different land use practices on the carbon cycle, providing empirical cases and theoretical support for sustainable land resource management. The studies emphasize the importance of making conscious and sustainable choices in land use to address climate change and create a resilient, low-carbon future. Measures such as protecting natural ecosystems, optimizing human activities space, strengthening land use regulation, and innovating land management are crucial for achieving carbon neutrality and reducing carbon emissions from land use. [Extracted from the article]

In recent years, many scholars have carried out a large number of theoretical studies on mechanism systems with joint clearances. Some scholars have conducted relevant experiments with simple planar mechanisms, for example, which have proved the feasibility and applicability of the numerical dynamics calculation method and different contact force models to a certain extent. In order to verify the correctness of the theoretical analysis method of the system dynamics considering coating and joint clearances in the previous stage, this paper independently designed and built the RSSP experimental platform of the spatial four-bar mechanism by taking the shear fork mechanism of the soybean picking and separating machine in farming operations, and measured the dynamic changes in the execution components and the wear depth of the spherical shell surface in different working conditions. The effectiveness of the coating on alleviating vibration, reducing joint wear, and extending the working life of the system mechanism was verified. The experimental conclusions provide strong data support for the subsequent effective and long-life operation of the soybean picking and sorting integrated machine.