Search

The molecular brush structures have been developed on cotton textiles for long-term and efficient broad-spectrum antimicrobial performances through the cooperation of alkyl-chain and quaternary ammonium sites. Results show that efficient antibacterial performances can be achieved by the regulation of the alkyl chain length and quaternary ammonium sites. The antibacterial efficiency of the optimized molecular brush structure of [3-(N , N -Dimethylamino)propyl]trimethoxysilane with cetyl modification on cotton textiles (CT-DM-16) can reach more than 99 % against both E. coli and S. aureus. Alkyl-chain grafting displayed significantly improvement in the antibacterial activity against S. aureus with (N,N-Diethyl-3-aminopropyl)trimethoxysilane modification on cotton textiles (CT-DE) based materials. The positive N sites and alkyl chains played important roles in the antibacterial process. Proteomic analysis reveals that the contributions of cytoskeleton and membrane-enclosed lumen in differentially expressed proteins have been increased for the S. aureus antibacterial process, confirming the promoted puncture capacity with alkyl-chain grafting. Theoretical calculations indicate that the positive charge of N sites can be enhanced through alkyl-chain grafting, and the possible distortion of the brush structure in application can further increase the positive charge of N sites. Uncovering the regulation mechanism is considered to be important guidance to develop novel and practical antibacterial materials. [Display omitted] • Molecular brush structures were successfully fabricated on cotton textiles. • Efficient antibacterial performance can be achieved through the regulation of alkyl-chain and quaternary ammonium sites. • The positive charge of N sites can be enhanced with alkyl chain grafting. • The distortion of alkyl chain can improve the positive charge of N sites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The development of environmentally friendly multifunctional auxiliaries for textile modification is the focus of attention in textile industry in recent years. Polydopamine is an important biological macromolecule and widely used in biomedicine, nanomaterials, material surface modification and other fields. In this study, the novel multifunctional melanin-like nanoparticles (Nha-PDA NPs) were prepared and used for antibacterial, hydrophobic, and UV protective of textiles. Nha-PDA NPs were prepared with dopamine (DA) and n-hexylamine (Nha) by simple autoxidation copolymerization. Nha-PDA NPs were bound to the fabric surface through the PDA structure in Nha-PDA NPs that has been widely confirmed to have strong adhesion on the surface of many materials. The modified fabrics, Nha-PDA NPs@Cotton, had good hydrophobic, antibacterial and UV protective properties. The static water contact angles of the modified fabrics could reach 120°. The antibacterial rates of Nha-PDA NPs@Cotton against E. coli and S. aureus were above 85 %. The maximum UPF value of the modified cotton was 362, indicating that the ultraviolet protection performance was excellent. The fabric modified with multifunctional melanin-like nanoparticle provides a green way for the multifunctional modification of textiles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the quest to curtail the spread of healthcare-associated infections, this work showcases the fabrication of a cutting-edge antibacterial textile coating armoured with aggregation-induced emission photosensitisers (AIE PS) to prevent bacterial colonisation on textiles. The adopted methodology includes a multi-step process using plasma polymerisation and subsequent integration of AIE PS on their surface. The antibacterial effectiveness of the coating was tested against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus after light irradiation for 1 h. Furthermore, antibacterial mechanistic studies revealed their ability to generate reactive oxygen species that can damage bacterial cell membrane integrity. The results of this investigation can be used to develop ground-breaking explanations for infection deterrence, principally in situations where hospital fabrics play a critical part in the transmission of diseases. The antibacterial coating for textiles developed in this study holds great promise as an efficient strategy to promote public health and reduce the danger of bacterial diseases through regular contact with fabrics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to apply silver nanoparticles on the cellulosic fabric via a green cross-linking approach to obtain antibacterial textiles. The cellulosic fabrics may provide an ideal enclave for microbial growth due to their biodegradable nature and retention of certain nutrients and moisture usually required for microbial colonization. The application of antibacterial finish on the textile surfaces is usually done via synthetic cross-linkers, which, however, may cause toxic effects and halt the biodegradation process. Design/methodology/approach: Herein, we incorporated citrate moieties on the cellulosic fabric as eco-friendly crosslinkers for the durable and effective application of nanosilver finish. The nanosilver finish was then applied on the citrate-treated cellulosic fabric under the pad-dry-cure method and characterized the specimens for physicochemical, textile and antibacterial properties. Findings: The results expressed that the as-prepared silver particles possessed spherical morphology with their average size in the nano range and zeta potential being −40 ± 5 mV. The results of advanced analytical characterization demonstrated the successful application of nanosilver on the cellulosic surface with appropriate dispersibility. Practical implications: The nanosilver-treated fabric exhibited appropriate textile and comfort and durable broad-spectrum antibacterial activity. Originality/value: The treated cellulosic fabric expressed that the cross-linking, crystalline behavior, surface chemistry, roughness and amphiphilicity could affect some of its comfort and textile properties yet be in the acceptable range for potential applications in medical textiles and environmental sectors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • A versatile coating was fabricated based on an electrostatic-coordination strategy. • The textile exhibited excellent solar/Joule heating performances properties. • The textile presented passive radiative heating properties. • The textile could protect the human body effectively in practical environments. • The research brought new insights into the development of PTM devices. The development of multifunctional textile-based personal thermal management devices is a prospective option for accurately warming the human body while effectively reducing energy consumption. However, existing multifunctional thermal management devices still face challenges in terms of high-performance integration. Here, we proposed an electrostatic-coordination-based strategy to fabricate successfully a versatile textile for body warming via sequentially covering cotton fiber with bio-based polyelectrolyte and in-situ grown copper sulfide coatings. The textiles with excellent solar/Joule heating properties and reduced infrared emissivity can efficiently heat the body in various environments and suppress thermal radiation dissipation from the body to the environment. Also, the textile realizes high-performance integration of electromagnetic shielding, UV protection, antimicrobial, and flame-retardant properties. This universal and efficient strategy provides a promising solution for the manufacture of all-day and energy-saving versatile personal thermal management devices, showing great potential for practical applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Herein we report synthesis and multifunctional properties of in-situ-synthesized TiO 2 nanoparticles (TiO 2 NPs) applied to organic weaved cotton fabric. The TiO 2 NPs, synthesized through a green and sustainable process by using mulberry leaves as a green precursor, were characterized to ensure their stability and efficacy for textile applications. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed the morphological changes on the fabric's surface after TiO 2 NP treatment, confirming the presence of nanoparticles. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed the anatase crystalline phase of the TiO 2 NPs, with an average crystallite size of 28.34 nm. Zeta potential measurements indicated the stability of the TiO 2 NPs, with a highly negative value of −18.2 mV, suggesting even coating by plant phytochemicals. Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy further validated the chemical interactions between TiO 2 NPs and the fabric. The TiO 2 NP-treated fabric displayed excellent color properties, UV protection (UPF 195.68 ± 11.44), and antibacterial activity, albeit less potent than commercial antibiotics. The colorfastness results demonstrated resistance to washing, rubbing, and light exposure, meeting industry standards. Hence, the eco-friendly synthesis of TiO 2 NPs using mulberry leaves as a green precursor demonstrates a sustainable approach to enhance the multifunctional properties of organic cotton fabric, presenting a promising avenue for the development of environmentally conscious textiles with improved coloration, UV protection, and antibacterial features, thereby contributing to the advancement of sustainable materials in diverse applications. • TiO 2 nanoparticles were synthesized using mulberry leaves extractions. • TiO 2 nanoparticles characterized for stability, efficacy in textiles application. • Functionalized fabric offers coloration, UV protection, & antibacterial properties. • Colorfastness meets industry standards against washing, rubbing, and light. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ecofriendly fabrics with antibacterial and anti-adhesion properties have been attracted an increasing attention in recent years. Herein, natural menthol modified polyacrylate (PMCA) antibacterial adhesion agent was synthesized by esterification and polymerisation while natural pterostilbene-grafted-chitosan (PGC) antibacterial agent was prepared through Mannich reaction. The antibacterial and anti-adhesion cotton fabric was fabricated through durable PMCA dip finishing and then layer-by-layer self-assembly of PGC. The results showed that the antibacterial adhesion rates and antibacterial rates of the dual-function cotton fabric against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli reached up to 99.9 %. Its antibacterial adhesion rates improved by 36.1 % and 40.1 % in comparison with those of cotton fabric treated by menthol alone. Meanwhile against S. aureus , the dual-function cotton fabrics improved the antibacterial rates by 56.7 % and 36.4 %, respectively, from those of chitosan- and pterostilbene-treated fabrics. Against E. coli , the improvements were 89.4 % and 24.8 %, respectively. After 20 household washings, the dual-function cotton fabric maintained >80 % of its original anti-adhesion and antibacterial rates against both species. The dual-function cotton fabric also possessed safe and excellent wearability. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A superhydrophobic cotton fabric with unidirectional moisture transfer ability, antibacterial, and oil-water separation capabilities was fabricated by combining a simple coating method and oxygen plasma etching. Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) was employed to impart low surface energy to the cotton fabric, thereby endowing it with hydrophobic characteristics. The synthesized quaternized chitosan/TiO 2 /Ag (CTA) compound was subsequently applied onto the cotton fabric surface to introduce a desirable level of surface roughness, thus enhancing its hydrophobic properties and conferring excellent antibacterial efficacy. The cotton was subsequently treated by oxygen plasma to trigger asymmetrical wetting on both sides. The experimental findings reveal that the optimally treated cotton fabric exhibits hydrophobic properties on the bottom surface, with a water contact angle (WCA) reaching 162.8°, while the upper surface displays hydrophilic behavior, establishing a wetting gradient along the thickness direction. Notably, even under the influence of reverse gravity, water droplets are capable of transferring from the back to the top surface within 2 s, while preventing reverse penetration of liquid. Moreover, the synthesized compound CTA endows the cotton fabric with efficient and long-lasting antibacterial properties through two modes (contact and release sterilization modes) and three sterilization mechanisms (electrostatic interaction, plasma surface resonance effect, and reactive oxygen species). Remarkably, within a time frame of only 1 h, the modified cotton fabric is able to achieve a kill rate exceeding 99% against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Moreover, the aforementioned properties demonstrate outstanding durability against repeated washing, continuous abrasion, exposure to strong acid/base, and ultraviolet radiation. Additionally, this modified cotton fabric exhibits remarkable efficiency in terms of oil-water separation, effectively separating both light and heavy oil from water. It is worth noting that the preparation process is cost-effective, environmentally friendly, and free from fluorine. [Display omitted] • CTAP-P @ C has a contact angle of 162° on the back side. • CTAP-P @ C complete one transportation of droplets within 2 s • The modified cotton fabric demonstrates a sterilization rate of up to 99% within just 1 h. • CTAP-P @ C displays an oil-water separation efficiency higher than 98%. • The modified cotton retains its function even after 200 abrasion and 10 washing cycles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dyeing and antimicrobial finishing of cotton fabrics is generally achieved in two steps, generating significant energy consumption. In this study, we report a short process and energy-efficient dyeing process. The colour-functional cotton fabric was prepared by in-situ formation of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) on the surface of cotton fabric with natural madder dye, which effectively solved the problem of bacterial proliferation on the surface of cotton fabric and low colour fastness of cotton dyed with natural dye. The surface microstructure and dyeing properties of mordant dyed, ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether (EGDE) crosslinked dyed, and AgNPs/EGDE crosslinked dyed cotton fabrics were compared. The Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy and dynamic light scattering analysis indicated the formation and particle size distribution of AgNPs, respectively. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy revealed chemical interactions between fabrics, cross-linkers, and madder dyes. Using scanning electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis, the morphology and surface characteristics of the fabrics before and after dyeing were investigated to reveal the chemical state of AgNPs and the deposition of AgNPs on the fabric surface. The dyeing properties of two silver-doped dyed fabrics were evaluated. The mordant dyed, and AgNPs/EGDE crosslinked dyed cotton fabrics obtained excellent dyeing effects with 9.1 and 8.2 colour depth values (K/S), respectively. The rubbing and washing fastness was about levels 4–5, and the levelness was acceptable. In addition, two kinds of silver-doped dyed fabrics had an excellent inhibitory effect on Gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), and the antibacterial rate was still above 95% after 40 washing cycles. The UV protection factor (UPF) of the three dyed fabrics reached 50 +. This silver nanoparticle one-bath finishing technology generally provides an ideal efficiency and safe, practical application for cotton fabric colouring and functionalization technology. • Madder dye was used to restore AgNPs on the surface of the cotton fabric in one bath. • Ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether was used as a crosslinking agent. • The dyeing properties of the two silver-doped dyed cotton fabrics were excellent. • The antibacterial rate of silver-doped samples were 95% after 40 washing cycles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cotton fabrics (CF) with high flame retardancy and antibacterial performance are attracting more and more attention in the practical applications, e.g. home decorations. In this work, a novel Ag-mediated organic-inorganic phosphorus-hybrid coating (5BL/Ag-D) was developed using polyethylene imine (PEI)/ammonium polyphosphate (APP) polyelectrolyte bilayer and Ag-phosphoryl triazole complex (Ag D) via dip-coating method for flame-retardant CF with the antibacterial property. Interestingly, limiting oxygen index (LOI) of CF/5BL/Ag-D was sharply promoted to 33.5 % from 18.6 % of CF. Besides, CF/5BL/Ag-D could self-extinguish in the vertical burning test with afterflame time and afterglow time as low as 0 s. More importantly, as revealed in the cone calorimeter tests (CCT), the heat release involving peak heat release rate (PHRR) and total heat release (THR) of CF/5BL/Ag-D decreased from 193.8 kW/m2 and 14.8 MJ/m2 of CF to merely 16.7 kW/m2 and 3.2 MJ/m2, respectively. In addition, owing to the presence of Ag+, CF/5BL/Ag-D was endowed with the desired antibacterial property, and the bacteriostatic rates of CF/5BL/Ag-D on escherichia coli (E. coli) and staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) were up to 94.7 % and 95.1 %, respectively. Moreover, the softness, the whiteness and the mechanical properties of CF/5BL/Ag-D were comparable to those of CF. In general, this work provides a promising approach to prepare Ag-mediated organic-inorganic phosphorus-hybrid coating for multifunctional cotton fabrics. • A novel Ag-mediated organic-inorganic P-hybrid coating (5BL/Ag-D) was developed. • PHRR and THR of CF/5BL/Ag-D decreased to merely 16.7 kW/m2 and 3.2 MJ/m2. • The bacteriostatic rates of CF/5BL/Ag-D on E. coli and S. aureus were 94.7 % and 95.1 %. • The whiteness and tensile strength of CF/5BL/Ag-D were enhanced with respect to CF. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the present work, a pigment paste was prepared by adding strontium titanate (SrTiO 3) nanoparticles (NPs) particles to a water and adhesive binder paste. Screen printing was utilized to embed the cotton fabric with the prepared pigment paste. Sonocatalytic induced antibacterial and dye mineralization abilities were evaluated for the printed fabric. The produced samples were examined for efficacy against the pathogens E. coli and S. aureus. The prepared SrTiO 3 embedded cotton fabric inhibited (after 2 h) E. coli and S. aureus by 99.3% and 96.09%, respectively. The coated fabric was able to reduce pathogens by more than 92% even after 15 washing cycles. The Rhodamine B (RhB) dye was mineralized by 53% in 210 min by STO printed fabric as opposed to about 8% by pristine cotton. The results revealed that the intrinsic properties of cotton including tensile, abrasion, and air permeability remained unaffected by the printing of STO-NPs onto fabric. • SrTiO3 nanoparticles were embedded on cotton fabric by employing screen printing. • Coated fabric sonocatalytic dye degradation and antibacterial performance were evaluated. • After a 2 h bacterial contact period, the modified fabric reduced E. coli and S. aureus by 99.3% and 96.09%, respectively. • The coated fabric degraded RhB dye by 53% in 210 min as opposed to about 8% by pristine cotton. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • The multifunction and durable coatings for cotton fabrics (PM@CFs) were prepared by the covalent bonding. • PM@CFs exhibited satisfactory antibacterial and UV-resistant. • PZn@CF presented splendid antibacterial rate of 99.9 % against both E. coli and S. aureus after 50 washing cycles. Antibacterial cotton fabrics with metal derivatives often faced the low durability and poor multifunction. Here, a variety of metal ions (Fe3+, Ca2+, Zr4+, Zn2+, Co2+, and Ni2+) were utilized in synergy with biomass polydopamine (PDA) to prepare durable antibacterial and UV-resistant cotton fabrics (PM@CFs). Owing to the difference in chelating ability and characteristics of metal ions themselves, polydopamine metal complexes coatings endowed cotton fabrics with well and differentiated antibacteria and ultraviolet (UV) resistance, respectively. More importantly, all PM@CFs still maintained excellent mechanical properties and air permeability with respect to the original cotton fabrics. Among them, polydopamine zinc complex exhibited comprehensive and outstanding antibacterial property and durability due to the strong chelating ability and multi-antibacterial mechanisms of Zn2+, in which the antibacterial rates against both E. coli and S. aureus achieved 99.9 % even after 50 washing cycles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The bio-based coatings of cellulose fabrics (cotton) had attracted increasing attention for multifunction and sustainability but suffered from poor durability and low efficiency. Here, the aldehyde-free and durable coatings for cotton fabrics (CPZ@CF) with satisfactory flame retardancy, antibacteria as well as wearing performance were prepared through the interfacial coordination effect where the well-organized zinc phytate complex were in situ grew on the pre-treated surface of cotton fabrics with chitosan (CS) and Zn2+. The CZP@CF exhibited excellent antibacterial activity for Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli) with 99.99 % antibacterial rates benefiting from the synergistic effect between Zn2+ and CS. Meanwhile, even the CPZ coatings loading was only 1.5 wt%, the fire safety of CZP@CF remarkably enhanced owing to the excellent synergistic catalytic charring and free radical capture. More importantly, the antibacterial rates of CZP@CF for S. aureus and E. coli still reached 99.99 % and 91.67 % after 50 washing cycles. Additionally, this treatment method did not deteriorate the fabrics properties, including mechanical and breathability as well as wearing performance, which provided the approach to fabricate the flame retardant and antibacterial textiles with well durability and wearing performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Here, a novel multifunctional coating containing bio-based phytic acid (PA), L-glutamic acid (L-Glu), and trimesoyl chloride (TMC) is constructed by a simple soaking strategy, giving cotton fabrics excellent flame retardancy, washability, and antibacterial properties. The coating layer on the cotton surface was prepared via the electrostatic and hydrogen bonding between PA and L-Glu, accompanied by the interface polymerization between PA, L-Glu, and TMC. Among them, the limiting oxygen index value of the treated cotton fabrics (C 2 and C 2 -TMC) was as high as 40 %. During the vertical flammability test, both C 2 and C 2 -TMC cotton showed self-extinguished behavior with a short damaged length (≤50 mm). Remarkably, the LOI of C 2 -TMC sustained a high value (30 %) even after 300 laundering cycles, maintaining its self-extinguishing behavior in the vertical combustion test. Additionally, in the cone calorimetry test, peak heat release rate and total heat release of treated cotton were lower than control cotton. Surprisingly, after 30 or 60 laundering cycles, the C 2 -TMC cotton exhibited excellent antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli , Staphylococcus aureus , and Candida albicans due to the continuous exposure of PA and L-Glu. Moreover, the coating layer on the cotton surface had little impact on the mechanical properties and feel of the fabric. • Bio-based coating based on phytic acid and L-glutamic acid was constructed on cotton fabrics by simple immersion method. • The treated cotton fabrics exhibited excellent flame-retardant and antimicrobial properties. • The treated cotton fabrics displayed satisfactory abrasion resistance and laundering durability. • C 2 -TMC cotton still exhibited excellent antibacterial activity against E. coli , S. aureus , and C. albicans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Limited efficiency, lower durability, moisture absorbance, and pest/fungal/bacterial interaction/growth are the major issues relating to porous nonwovens used for acoustic and thermal insulation in buildings. This research investigated porous nonwoven textiles composed of recycled cotton waste (CW) fibers, with a specific emphasis on the above-mentioned problems using the treatment of silicon coating and formation of nanofibers via facile-solution processing. The findings revealed that the use of an economic and eco-friendly superhydrophobic (contact angle higher than 150°) modification of porous nonwovens with silicon nanofibers significantly enhanced their intrinsic characteristics. Notable improvements in their compactness/density and a substantial change in micro porosity were observed after a nanofiber network was formed on the nonwoven material. This optimized sample exhibited a superior performance in terms of stiffness, surpassing the untreated samples by 25–60%. Additionally, an significant enhancement in tear strength was observed, surpassing the untreated samples with an impressive margin of 70–90%. Moreover, the nanofibrous network of silicon fibers on cotton waste (CW) showed significant augmentation in heat resistance ranging from 7% to 24% and remarkable sound absorption capabilities. In terms of sound absorption, the samples exhibited a performance comparable to the commercial standard material and outperformed the untreated samples by 20% to 35%. Enhancing the micro-roughness of fabric via silicon nanofibers induced an efficient resistance to water absorption and led to the development of inherent self-cleaning characteristics. The antibacterial capabilities observed in the optimized sample were due to its superhydrophobic nature. These characteristics suggest that the proposed nano fiber-treated nonwoven fabric is ideal for multifunctional applications, having features like enhanced moisture resistance, pest resistance, thermal insulation, and sound absorption which are essential for wall covers in housing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Functional Lyocell fibers gain interest in garments and technical textiles, especially when equipped with inherently bioactive features. In this study, Lyocell fibers are modified with an ion exchange resin and subsequently loaded with copper (Cu) ions. The modified Lyocell process enables high amounts of the resin additive (>10%) through intensive dispersion and subsequently, high uptake of 2.7% Cu throughout the whole cross-section of the fiber. Fixation by Na2CO3 increases the washing and dyeing resistance considerably. Cu content after dyeing compared to the original fiber value amounts to approx. 65% for reactive, 75% for direct, and 77% for HT dyeing, respectively. Even after 50 household washes, a recovery of 43% for reactive, 47% for direct and 26% for HT dyeing is proved. XRD measurements reveal ionic bonding of Cu fixation inside the cellulose/ion exchange resin composite. A combination of the fixation process with a change in Cu valence state by glucose/NaOH leads to the formation of Cu2O crystallites, which is proved by XRD. Cu fiber shows a strong antibacterial effect against Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumonia bacteria, even after 50 household washing cycles of both >5 log CFU. In nonwoven blends with a share of only 6% Cu fiber, a strong antimicrobial (CFU > log 5) and full antiviral effectiveness (>log 4) was received even after 50 washing cycles. Time-dependent measurements already show strong antiviral behavior after 30 s. Further, the fibers show an increased die off of the fungal isolate Candida auris with CFU log 4.4, and nonwovens made from 6% Cu fiber share a CFU log of 1.7. Findings of the study predestines the fiber for advanced textile processing and applications in areas with high germ loads. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Combining photodynamic antimicrobials with nonwovens is prospective. However, common photosensitizers still have drawbacks such as poor photoactivity and the inability to charge. In this study, a photodynamic and high‐efficiency antimicrobial protective material was prepared by grafting bis benzophenone‐structured 4,4‐terephthaloyl diphthalic anhydride (TDPA) photosensitizer, and antimicrobial agent chlorogenic acid (CA) onto spunbond‐meltblown‐spunbond (SMS) membranes. The charging rates for ·OH and H2O2 were 6377.89 and 913.52 μg/g/h. The light absorption transients structural storage remained above 69% for 1 month. High electrical capacity remained after seven cycles indicating its rechargeability and recyclability. The SMS/TDPA/CA membrane has excellent bactericidal performance when under illumination or lightless conditions, and the bactericidal efficiency of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus reached over 99%. The construction of self‐disinfection textiles based on the photodynamic strategies proposed in this paper is constructive for expanding and promoting the application of textile materials in the medical field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the present study, the commercially available three different fabrics cotton, nylon and cotton/nylon were modified by chitosan and silver nanoparticles using a crosslinker triethyl orthoformate (TEOF). Resulted cotton‑silver (Ag-Cs-Cot), nylon‑silver (Ag-Cs-Nyl) and cotton-nylon silver (Ag-Cs-Cot-Nyl) fabrics showed significant anti-bacterial activity even after 50 washing cycles. Silver nanoparticles were prepared by reducing silver nitrate through sodium borohydride at 0 °C. In FTIR spectra the peak at near 1650 cm−1 confirmed that TEOF mediated attachment of chitosan with fabrics (due to C=N) and the stretching of secondary amine near the 3375 cm-1 indicated the silver attachment to the amine group of the chitosan. In Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) images smooth surfaces of fabrics without any damage by modification process were observed. The antibacterial activity was Analyzed by agar diffusion and broth dilution assays against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus bacterial strains and results showed 90% bacterial inhibition against E. coli and 89% bacterial inhibition against S. aureus. For testing the antibacterial durability, the modified fabrics were washed with non-ionic detergent (10g/l) for 15 minutes under aggressive stirring (100 rpm) at room temperature. The modified fabrics retained antibacterial activity over the 50 washing cycles. Finally, the commercial potential of cotton-silver fabric was evaluated by stitching it with the socks of football players and interestingly results showed that the modified fabric on the socks showed more than 90% bacterial inhibition as compared to the plain fabric after 70 minutes of playing activity. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The waste management subject is a very important issue today and in the future. Therefore, lots of scholars are endeavoring to investigate the valorization of wastes from different sources, such as paper, metal, glass, and vegetables. In this study, the pistachio soft and hard shells, as an industrial waste material, were used as natural dye sources. For this purpose, waste were collected from Gaziantep province in the south of Türkiye. Then, the soft and hard pistachio shells that had been dried in the shadow were investigated in terms of FTIR analysis and then used as a dyestuff source in the dyeing of cotton fabrics with the help of bio-mordants and metal mordants. Additionally, the antioxidant capacity of the soft and hard shell of pistachio was assessed through the DPPH and FRAP assay methods, and the antibacterial activities were tested against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli for selected dyed samples. A spectrophotometer was used to determine the CIE L*a*b* color values and (K/S) of cotton fabrics that had been dyed. The results exhibited that the tested wastes could be useful for the coloration of the cotton fabrics, and depending on the used natural dye source, mordanting agent, and mordanting method, the colors were found to have changed, but in general, light brown-ecru-brown colors were observed in the dyed samples. Meanwhile, the fastness of the samples was examined, and the sources were found to exhibit limited light fastness values but good or perfect washing, rubbing, and perspiration fastness. In conclusion, the evaluated conditions were found to be useful for the coloration of cotton, and even more importantly, the pistachio soft and hard shells were observed to reveal great potential for use in textile dye houses as a natural dye source. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Simple Summary: In order to improve the comprehensive utilization of oil tea seed meal and increase the comprehensive economic benefits of the oil tea industry. In this paper, the low eutectic solvent was used as the extraction system, and the ultrasonic extraction method was combined with the enzymatic method to jointly extract the tea saponins. It was further purified with a large-pore adsorption resin to develop a set of environmentally friendly, energy-saving, and efficient tea saponin extraction and purification processes. On this basis, the tea saponins extracted from oil tea seed meal were further analyzed for antioxidant capacity and bacteriostatic activity. The results provided the scientific experimental basis and theoretical support for the efficient use of oil tea by-products. Tea saponins have high surface-active and biological activities and are widely used in chemicals, food, pharmaceuticals, and pesticides. Tea saponins are usually extracted using ethanol or water, but both methods have their disadvantages, including a negative impact on the environment, high energy consumption, and low purity. In this study, we explored an effective process for extracting tea saponins from tea meal using deep eutectic solvents combined with ultrasonic extraction and enzymatic techniques. The experimental results showed that a high extraction efficiency of 20.93 ± 0.48% could be achieved in 20 min using an ultrasonic power of 40% and a binary DES consisting of betaine and ethylene glycol (with a molar ratio of 1:3) at a material–liquid ratio of 1:35 and that the purity of the tea saponins after purification by a large-pore adsorption resin reached 95.94%, which was higher than that of commercially available standard tea saponin samples. In addition, the extracted tea saponins were evaluated for their antioxidant and bacteriostatic activities using chemical and biological methods; the results showed that the tea saponins extracted using these methods possessed antioxidant properties and displayed significant antibacterial activity. Therefore, the present study developed a method for using deep eutectic solvents as an environmentally friendly technological solution for obtaining high-purity tea saponins from tea meal oil. This is expected to replace the current organic solvent and water extraction process and has great potential for industrial development and a number of possible applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To enhance the various properties of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), varying concentrations of carboxy-functionalized graphene (CFG) were employed in the preparation of CFG/PVA nanocomposite films. FTIR and XRD analyses revealed that CFG, in contrast to graphene, not only possesses carboxylic acid group but also exhibits higher crystallinity. Mechanical testing indicated a notable superiority of CFG addition over graphene, with optimal mechanical properties such as tensile and yield strengths being achieved at a 3% CFG concentration. Relative to pure PVA, the tensile strength and yield strength of the composite increased by 2.07 and 2.01 times, respectively. XRD analysis showed distinct changes in the crystalline structure of PVA with the addition of CFG, highlighting the influence of CFG on the composite structure. FTIR and XPS analyses confirmed the formation of ester bonds between CFG and PVA, enhancing the overall performance of the material. TGA results also demonstrated that the presence of CFG enhanced the thermal stability of CFG/PVA nanocomposite films. However, analyses using scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy revealed that a 3% concentration of CFG was uniformly dispersed, whereas a 6% concentration of CFG caused aggregation of the nanofiller, leading to a decrease in performance. The incorporation of CFG significantly enhanced the water vapor and oxygen barrier properties of PVA, with the best performance observed at a 3% CFG concentration. Beyond this concentration, barrier properties were diminished owing to CFG aggregation. The study further demonstrated an increase in electrical conductivity and hydrophobicity of the nanocomposites with the addition of CFG. Antibacterial tests against E. coli showed that CFG/PVA nanocomposites exhibited excellent antibacterial properties, especially at higher CFG concentrations. These findings indicate that CFG/PVA nanocomposites, with an optimized CFG concentration, have significant potential for applications requiring enhanced mechanical strength, barrier properties, and antibacterial capabilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chitosan, a well-established biomaterial known for its biocompatibility, biodegradability, and bioactivity, has been the focus of extensive research in recent years. This study explores the enhancement of chitosan fibers' properties through wet impregnation with either ursolic acid (UA) or cross-linking with tripolyphosphate (TPP). In the first experiment, chitosan fibers were treated with UA, for varying immersion set points (1, 2, 4, 6, and 8 h). FTIR, SEM, and UV-Vis spectroscopy analyses demonstrated a chemical reaction between chitosan and UA, with stability reached after 2 h of immersion. Antibacterial testing revealed that chitosan fibers impregnated with UA exhibited significant antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria, notably Staphylococcus aureus. The second experiment involved modifying chitosan fibers' surfaces with a 1% w/v TPP solution for the same periods of time (1, 2, 4, 6, and 8 h). Subsequently, the investigation involved FTIR, SEM, and dynamometry analyses, which revealed successful cross-linking between chitosan and TPP ions, resulting in improved tensile strength after 2 h of immersion. This dual-approach study highlights the potential of chitosan fibers for diverse applications, from wound-healing dressings to antibacterial materials against Gram-positive bacteria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Infection prevention and public health are a vital concern worldwide, especially during pandemics such as COVID-19 and seasonal influenza. Frequent manual disinfection and use of chemical spray coatings at public facilities are the typical measures taken to protect people from coronaviruses and other pathogens. However, limitations of human resources and coating durability, as well as the safety of disinfectants used are the major concerns in society during a pandemic. Non-leachable antimicrobial agent poly(hexamethylene biguanide) (PHMB) was mixed into photocurable liquid resins to produce novel and tailor-made covers for public facilities via digital light processing, which is a popular 3D printing technique for satisfactory printing resolution. Potent efficacies of the 3D-printed plastics were achieved in standard antibacterial assessments against S. aureus, E. coli and K. pneumoniae. A total of 99.9% of Human coronavirus 229E was killed after being in contact with the 3D-printed samples (containing the promising PHMB formulation) for two hours. In an eight-week field test in Hong Kong Wetland Park, antibacterial performances of the specially designed 3D-printed covers analysed by environmental swabbing were also found to be satisfactory. With these remarkable outcomes, antimicrobial products prepared by digital light processing 3D printing can be regarded as a reliable solution to long-term infection prevention and control. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Polyester yarn was modified with permethrin-containing triblock cationic polymers. • The Janus outdoor protective clothing (Janus-OPC) is fabricated by a scalable knitting technology. • The Janus-OPC exhibited one-way moisture transfer, antimicrobial, and mosquito repellent properties. Personal protective clothing with versatile and durable features is highly desirable for daily and specific environmental scenarios. Especially for outdoor workers or sports enthusiasts, prolonged outdoor exposure requires their clothing to be more functional to cope with a wide range of situations, such as heat stress in summer, odor generation after sweating, and mosquito bites. These not only reduce the wearing comfort of clothing, but also bring potential heat stroke, skin infections and diseases brought by mosquitoes. Currently, most outdoor protective clothes focus on a single function, such as waterproofing and UV protection and are not able to cope with the demand of multiple protections. In this paper, we developed permethrin-containing triblock cationic polymers (PTCPs) that can multi-functionalize outdoor clothing. Benefiting from their high affinity to polyester fibers, PTCP modified polyester yarns were obtained by an aqueous based finishing process. After that, a scalable machine-knitting fabrication technique is employed to fabricate Janus outdoor protective clothes (Janus-OPC). The as-prepared Janus-OPC exhibited excellent one-way moisture transfer properties (forward cumulative one-way transfer index (OWTI) of 924.23%, and backward OWTI of −690.52%), antimicrobial properties (97.73% and 99.72% against E. coli and S. aureus , respectively), and mosquito repellent properties (repelling rate of 76.19%). Moreover, the protective performance of the Janus-OPC was maintained after 50 times of equivalent home laundering cycles. This multifunctional protective clothing opens up a new direction for the next-generation outdoor wear. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Compostable zein-polycaprolactone (PZ) electrospun nanofiber integrated with different concentrations of Aster yomena extract loaded halloysite nanotubes (A. yomena -HNT) as bioactive nanofibrous food packaging is reported. SEM micrographs reveal heterogeneous nanofibers. A. yomena extract used in the study showed weak antioxidant activity with AAI and TEAC values of 0.229 and 0.346. In vitro, release profile over 7 days of A. yomena indicates a controlled, sustained, and prolonged release. The prepared nanofibers were effective against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. The prepared composite nanofibers were rendered biocompatible and nontoxic when subjected to WST-1 and LDH assay after incubating with NIH 3T3 mouse fibroblast cell line. PZ-15 nanofiber packaging showed the best postharvest quality preservation in Black mulberry fruits after 4 days of storage at 25 °C and 85 % Rh. Moreover, the in vitro decomposition test reveals that the fabricated nanofibers decompose in the soil and do not pose as a threat to the environment. [Display omitted] • Sustainable electrospun nanofibers incorporated with A.yomena were prepared. • Composting experiment reveals eco-friendly nature of the nanofiber sheets. • A. yomena loaded nanofibers were bacteriocidal and biocompatible. • Antioxidant activity of A. yomena was retained after electrospinning. • A. yomena contained nanofibers preserved the postharvest quality of mulberry fruit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For incompressible and irregularly shaped wounds, developing a novel dressing based on photo-crosslinked hydrogel that has both hemostasis and antibacterial functions is highly desirable. In this study, photoreactive substrate gelatin methacrylate (GelMA) and Poly (ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA) were combined with water-soluble quaternary ammonium antibacterial monomers (DMC). Interestingly, they can quickly change from liquid to hydrogel under visible light at 405 nm within 1 min, which is suitable for small incompressible wounds. Regarding the biosafety of the dressing, cell viability and blood viability test indicated that the GelMA/PEGDA/DMC 3 dressing has no cytotoxicity toward L929 cells and red blood cells. The antibacterial performance test proved that the addition of DMC significantly improved the antibacterial performance of the dressing. Moreover, the GelMA/PEGDA/DMC 3 dressing showed rapid hemostasis ability in tail clipping hemostasis test and liver hemostasis test. Taken together, this new type of convenient hydrogel dressing exhibits great potential as a quick hemostasis and antibacterial wound dressing candidate for small bleeding wounds. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Water vapor from respiration can severely accelerate the charge dissipation of the face mask, reducing filtration efficiency. Moreover, the foul odor from prolonged mask wear tends to make people remove their masks, leading to the risk of infection. In this study, an electro-blown spinning electroactive nanofibrous membrane (Zn/CB@PAN) with antibacterial and deodorization properties was prepared by adding zinc (Zn) and carbon black (CB) nanoparticles to the polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofibers, respectively. The filtration efficiency of Zn/CB@PAN for PM 0.3 was > 99% and could still maintain excellent durability within 4 h in a high-humidity environment (25 ℃ and RH = 95%). Moreover, the bacterial interception rate of the Zn/CB@PAN could reach 99.99%, and it can kill intercepted bacteria. In addition, the deodorization rate of Zn/CB@PAN in the moist state for acetic acid was 93.75% and ammonia was 95.23%, respectively. The excellent filtering, antibacterial, and deodorizing performance of Zn/CB@PAN can be attributed to the synergistic effect of breath-induced Zn/CB galvanic couples' electroactivity, released metal ions, and generated reactive oxygen species. The developed Zn/CB@PAN could capture and kill airborne environmental pathogens under humid environments and deodorize odors from prolonged wear, holding promise for broad applications as personal protective masks. [Display omitted] • A breath-induced electroactive nanofibrous membrane was successfully fabricated. • The nanofibrous membrane exhibits high filtration efficiency in the high humidity environment. • The nanofibrous membrane can capture and sterilize bacteria contaminants in the air effectively. • The nanofibrous membrane exhibits excellent deodorization performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Anti-infection hydrogels have recently aroused enormous attraction, particularly in the treatment of chronic wounds. Herein, silver nanoparticle@catechol formaldehyde resin microspheres (Ag@CFRs) were fabricated by one-step hydrothermal method and subsequently encapsulated in hydrogels which were developed by Schiff base reaction between aldehyde groups in oxidized hyaluronic acid and amino groups in carboxymethyl chitosan. The developed polysaccharide hydrogel exhibited microporous structure, high swelling capacity, favorable mechanical strength, enhanced tissue adhesion and photothermal activities. Additionally, the hydrogel not only ensured long-term and high-efficiency antibacterial performance (99.9 %) toward E. coli and S. aureus, but also realized superior cytocompatibility in vitro. Moreover, based on the triple antibacterial strategies endowed by chitosan, silver nanoparticles and the photothermal properties of catechol microspheres, the composite hydrogel exhibited excellent anti-infection function, significantly downregulated inflammatory factors (TNF-α and IL-1β) and promoted in vivo infected-wound healing. These results demonstrated that the polysaccharide hydrogel containing Ag@CFRs has great potential for infected-wounds repair. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bacterial infected wounds, which is characterized by easy infection, multiple inflammation and slow healing, is a complex symptom, resulting from metabolic disorder of the wound microenvironment. In this study, a series of self-healing double-network hydrogels based on KGRT peptide (Lys-Gly-Arg-Thr) with antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and optimizing cellular functions were designed to promote the healing of infected wounds with full-thickness skin defects. Moreover, the dextran hydrogelintroduces a large number of side chains, which are entangled with each other in the Schiff base network to form an interpenetrating structure. The hydrogel might regulate cell metabolism, differentiation and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) function. Importantly, both in vitro and in vivo data showed that hydrogel not only has good antibacterial properties (99.8 %), but also can eradicate bacterial biofilm, effectively reduce inflammation (down-regulated IL-1β, TNF-α and ROS) and accelerate chronic wound healing process by speeding-up wound closure, increasing granulation tissue thickness, collagen deposition, angiogenesis (up-regulated CD31). The hydrogel could up-regulate mRNA expression of PI3K, AKT, ERK, eNOS, HIF-1α and VEGF, which were correlated with wound healing. Consistently, the hydrogel could promote infected wounds healing and inhibit inflammation through ERK/eNOS signaling pathway. Collectively, hydrogel has excellent clinical application potential for promoting infected wound healing. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • A common and facile method was revealed to fabricate multifunctional flame-retardant cotton fabric using ammonium phosphate as cross-linker. • Superior flame retardancy and antibacterial performance could be achieved via a one-pot process. • The modified cotton fabric presented exceptional washing durability and well-preserved the whiteness, air permeability and hand feeling. Ammonium phosphates have been proven to be efficient and durable flame retardants for cellulose fabric. However, a facile process for their multifunctional flame-retardant modification has not yet been reported. In order to achieve this goal, we synthesized an ammonium diphosphate of ethylene glycol (AP) and used it as a crosslinker to fabricate flame-retardant and antibacterial cellulose fabric with a dihydroxyl N-halamine precursor (BD) via a one-pot process. The AP/BD modified fabric exhibited superior flame retardancy, with a LOI value of 32.9% and self-extinguishing behavior at only 11.0% weight gain. The heat release was significantly inhibited, with an 81% reduction in peak heat release rate (PHRR) and a 60% reduction in total heat release (THR). Furthermore, the modified fabric maintained its self-extinguishing properties even after undergoing 50 washing cycles, demonstrating excellent washing durability with a LOI value of 30.5%. In addition to its outstanding flame retardancy, the AP/BD modified fabric also displayed excellent biocidal efficacy due to the formation of N-Cl bonds through simple bleaching treatment. All inoculated bacteria were killed within just 5 min of contact without any noticeable dissolution occurring. Moreover, the oxidative chlorine that acted as an antibacterial factor could be recharged after long periods of storage and washing. Importantly, no significant changes in whiteness, air permeability or hand feeling were observed after the AP/BD modification process. Therefore, this work presents a common and facile approach for preparing highly-efficient flame-retardant cellulose fabrics with multifunctionality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Electrospun Polyasparthydrazide (PAHy) nanofibrous hydrogel dressing was prepared. • Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were in-situ synthesized in the PAHy nanofiber hydrogel. • PAHy/AgNPs dressing exhibited antibacterial and wound healing-promoting capacities. • PAHy/AgNPs dressing showed great potential for the treatment of infected wounds. The long-term exposure of skin wounds, especially for those chronic wounds, is commonly accompanied with the bacterial infection, which further holds back the wound healing process. Therefore, it's urgently required to develop the innovative wound dressings with both antibacterial property and healing-promoting function. In this study, a series of novel hydrogel dressings constructed with polyasparthydrazide (PAHy) nanofibers and different concentrations of in-situ synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were designed and prepared. It was found that all the PAHy nanofiber hydrogel mats without or with AgNPs exhibited uniform and bead-free nanofibrous structure, and the AgNPs-contained PAHy nanofiber hydrogel mats showed obviously decreased fiber diameters compared with pure PAHy nanofiber hydrogel mat. The mechanical properties of all as-prepared PAHy/AgNPs nanofiber hydrogel mats in the dry condition were significantly larger than those in the wet condition, and appropriate addition of AgNPs could improve the mechanical properties to some extent. The water swelling ratio of different PAHy/AgNPs hydrogel mats were found to be decreased with the increasing of AgNPs content. The nanofiber hydrogel mat prepared with polysuccinimide (PSI) with 0.5 wt% silver nitrate (AgNO 3), named as PAHy/AgNPs-0.5 hydrogel mat, displayed a higher cumulative silver release rate (9.4 ± 1.1 %) after 72 h, and it was demonstrated to possess excellent antibacterial rates against E. coli (99.99 %) and S. aureus (99.99 %), and clear inhibition zones with the diameter of 1.0 ± 0.1 mm for E. coli and 5.8 ± 0.3 mm for S. aureus. Importantly, the animal studies showed that the PAHy/AgNPs-0.5 nanofiber hydrogel mat could significantly accelerate the wound healing process by promoting the re-epithelialization and collagen deposition of wound site, which possessed huge potential for serving as advanced dressing materials for the infected wound treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Multifunctional PEI/FAS/F-ZIF67 nanofiber membranes are prepared by a facile one-step electrospinning process. • The PEI/FAS/F-ZIF67 membrane has a fluffy and recoverable fiber stacking structure. • The obtained membrane shows high air filtration efficiency of 99.99 % and low pressure drop of 125 Pa, respectively. • The PEI/FAS/F-ZIF67 nanofiber membrane exhibits superhydrophobicity with WCA of 155°and over 99% antibacterial activity. • The membrane preserves its high filtration properties in high humidity of 100% RH and high temperature of 200 ℃. Fibrous membranes have been regarded as one of the most effective barriers against hazardous matters, e.g., pathogen, airborne particulates, and liquids. However, developing multi-functional membranes with high air filtration performances, liquid barrier properties, and antibacterial activities remains challenging. Herein, a robust nanofibrous membrane with fluffy structure has been developed through a facile one-step electrospinning process. Under the synergistic effect of polyetherimide (PEI) nanofibers, low surface energy fluorinated alkyl silane (FAS), and fluorinated ZIF67 nanoparticles, the resultant PEI/FAS/F-ZIF67 composite nanofiber membrane shows superhydrophobicity with WCA of 155° and antibacterial activity with efficiency of over 99 %. The addition of FAS renders the membrane a fluffy fibrous structure, which further enhances the filtration performances with a filtration efficiency of 99.99 % and a low pressure drop of 125 Pa. Owing to the superhydrophobicity, the membrane also shows excellent liquid repellent properties with hydrostatic pressures of 60.6 kPa and 14.0 kPa to water and blood, respectively. Furthermore, benefiting from the excellent thermal stability of PEI, the composite membrane can well maintain its filtration performances at high temperature of 200 ℃. Overall, the proposed PEI/FAS/F-ZIF67 nanofiber membrane demonstrates high potential to be widely applied for air purification and medical protection applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The quercetin (QC) loaded chitosan (CS) nanofibrous patch (CS QC) was designed and fabricated successfully by solution blow spinning (SBS). And it was employed to explore a functional double-layer nanofibrous patch (CS QC /PLA) with polylactic acid (PLA) for overcoming the resistance of acne-causing bacteria to antibiotics and local cutaneous irritation. The nanofibrous patch possessed a fluffy bilayer structure with good air permeability, which may be befitted from the SBS method. The 10 % QC loaded CS QC0.10 /PLA had sustained release ability of QC for 24 h. A high free radical clearance rate (91.18 ± 2.26 %) and robust antibacterial activity against P. acnes (94.4 %) were achieved for CS QC0.10 /PLA with excellent biocompatibility. Meanwhile, E. coli and S. aureus were also suppressed with 99.4 % and 99.2 %, respectively. Moreover, the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-α) was significantly reduced, conducive to acne healing. Therefore, the CS QC0.10 /PLA bilayer nanofibrous patch designed here may shed some light on developing multifunctional materials for treating acne infectious wounds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to the overuse of antimicrobial drugs, bacterial resistance became an urgent problem to be solved. In this study, carbon quantum dots (CQDs) with high photodynamic antibacterial activity were synthesized by a one-pot hydrothermal method and introduced into bacterial cellulose (BC) dispersion solution. Through a wet-spinning and wet-twisting processing strategy, bionic ordering nanocomposite macrofiber (BC/CQDs-based yarn) based on BC were obtained. The results showed that BC/CQDs-based yarn had excellent tensile strength (226.8 MPa) and elongation (22.2 %). Utilizing the light-driven generation of singlet oxygen (1O 2) and hydroxyl radical (·OH), BC/CQDs-based yarn demonstrated remarkable antibacterial efficacy, with 99.9999 % (6 log, P < 0.0001) and 96.54 % (1.46 log, P < 0.0004) effectiveness against E. coli and S. aureus , respectively. At the same time, BC/CQDs-based yarn also displayed the characteristics of photothermal, fluorescent, and biodegradability. In summary, the application potential of BC/CQDs-based yarn is significant, opening up a new strategy for the development of sustainable green weaving and bio-based multi-function yarn. Schematic diagram of preparation of macrofiber and schematic diagram of weaving, fluorescence and antibacterial effect. [Display omitted] • CQDs with photodynamic and photothermal effects were prepared. • The samples prepared were obtained by wet-spinning and wet-twisting strategies. • The samples prepared have excellent strength, antibacterial property, fluorescence property, photothermal property and degradability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • The combination of PAN, TPU and PTHP gives the nanofiber good mechanical properties. • The self-cleaning effect of PPE better protects individual and public health safety. • Encapsulation of PTHP by nanofibers ensures sustained self-cleaning effect. • The durability of PPE reduces the pollution caused by its frequent replacement. Infectious diseases caused by bacterial and viral transmission have brought a significant burden on public health security. Personal protective equipment (PPE) is vital in impeding their spread and protecting our safety. However, the existing PPE can only play a certain filtering role and cannot clean itself. Long-term wearing will lead to the accumulation of bacteria and viruses, there is a certain risk, and frequent replacement has caused a lot of white pollution. Here, we prepared a biocompatible polyacrylonitrile/thermoplastic polyurethane-polytetrahydropyrimidine (PAN/TPU-PTHP, PT-P) nanofiber membrane with a three-dimensional network structure by electrospinning, which has good air permeability and filtration performance. In addition, the excellent encapsulation effect of nanofibers ensures the sustained release of antibacterial and antiviral PTHP, and the good mechanical properties ensure its long-term use without damage. When the nanofiber membrane is used as the intermediate filter layer of mask, good air permeability, filtration efficiency, mechanical properties, and sustained drug release give it a service life of more than 5 days (an ordinary mask is only 4–7 h), which dramatically reduces environmental pollution. This is of great significance in the research and application of the next generation of durable and self-cleaning personal protective equipment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]