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The properties of different tetracyclines, alizarin red S, calcein, Procion H-8B® and hematoporphyrin as fluorescent bone and dentin markers have been tested on growing Wistar rats after intraperitoneal injections. Tetracycline, alizarin red S, calcein and Procion H-8B were individually identifiable by means of appropriate filter combinations of the mi- croscope. This approach may be useful in prolonged studies of bone growth and reactions. If a fifth marker is needed, mixed injection of tetracycline and Procion H-SB is recommended. In doses necessary for fluorescence examination, the above recommended substances may be regarded as practically nontoxic. In the dentin, tetracycline and calcein seem to be the best fluorescent markers. Hematoporphyrin is not recommended because of poor labeling properties and general toxicity with weight reduction of the animals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The coexistence of two tumors, porocarcinoma and extramammary Paget's disease (EMP) in one tissue section, facilitates a subtle but distinct differentiation of the two cell types. The adjacent occurrence of the two tumors perhaps indicates a common origin in their benign form. The biologic mechanism of the Pagetoid phenomenon is demonstrated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A method is presented for the estimation of the percentage of neutral fat in a tissue sample from the wet weight and the dry weight of that tissue. This indirect method has the advantage that it is much less time consuming than fat extraction methods. It is possible, using this method, to estimate the neutral fat content of tissues to within 1%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In antidiuretic rats plasma urea concentration ( P)was elevated up to 35 mM by intravenous urea loading. In renal cortical tissue ( T) water content and unlabeled ( u) and 14-C-urea ( u) were determined. Water content of total renal cortex and of superficial and juxtamedullary layers were not significantly different and were not changed by the elevation of P. In the control group ( P<10 mM), both T/P(3.06±0.71; n=29) and plasma specific activity were significantly higher than values for T/P (2.20±0.57; n=12) and tissue specific activity, respectively. T/Pand T/P were decreased significantly to the same level (1.68±0.35; n=20 and 1.51±0.21; n=7, respectively) at P>20 mM and plasma and tissue specific activity became equal. Deproteination of tissue homogenates did not depress 14-C-activity. Juxtamedullary T/Pwas significantly higher than superficial T/P.The difference was independent of P. The data suggest, that renal cortical tissue urea concentration is determined (i) by distal tubular fluid urea concentration, which is inversely correlated with Pand (ii) by a constant amount of urea in an extraluminal compartment not readily exchanging. The mechanism by which urea concentration in this extraluminal compartment is maintained independent of Pmight be urea neogenesis or urea binding to cellular structures or proteins. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Various rabbit tissues such as liver, spleen, peritoneal macrophages and kidney, were cultured in vitro at 37° for periods of up to 72 hours. The combined content, of C′6 .in tissue and culture medium was determined at the end of the incubation period. Production of C′6 activity was found in liver cultures and possibly in spleen and macrophage cultures. The rate of inactivation of serum C′6 at 37° in culture medium was also determined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Focuses on a study which analyzed tissue abnormalities in individuals with congenital heart disease. Case report; Methods; Results.

High speed supernatant enzyme fractions derived from each of three tissues (livers and spleens of normal rats, and spleens of rats with the Dunning leukemia) were compared in their ability to transfer methyl groups from S-adenosyl-methionine to Escherichia coli transfer-RNA (tRNA). In comparison to the supernatant fractions from the normal tissues, that from leukemic spleen had a six-fold higher tRNA methylase activity and methylated E. coli tRNA to a much higher extent. A tRNA methylase which methylated adenine in the 1-position was isolated from each high speed supernatant fraction by DEAE-cellulose and Sephadex G-200 chromatography. Although the purified leukemic spleen enzyme contained six-fold higher methylase activity, it. methylated E. coli, yeast, and mammalian tRNA to the same extent as did the corresponding enzyme from normal liver or spleen. The normal and leukemic tissue enzyme preparations appeared to methylate the same sequences in E. coli tRNA, and could methylate this tRNA to an extent of about one methyl group per molecule. The results suggest that in comparison to that of normal tissue, 1-adenine methylase in the leukemic spleen tissue is increased in activity but possesses identical substrate specificity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents the results of forensic science studies on the determination of ethyl alcohol in tissues, conducted as of November 1951. The authors have adopted the procedure of Muehlberger for routine quantitative analysis of tissues. In this procedure, 50 grams of minced tissue were taken, tartaric acid and mineral oil are added, and the whole was steamed distilled. 100 ml. of distillate are as collected. To 5 ml. of distillate there added 5 ml. of standard potassium dichromate solution and 5 ml. of concentrated sulphuric acid. This mixture was heated in a boiling water bath for fifteen minutes, cooled and diluted to 200 ml. with distilled water. Three grams of potassium iodide was added, and the liberated iodine was titrated with standard sodium thiosulfate. There were points involved in this procedure which, it was felt, required investigation and clarification. First, information was lacking as to the percentage of alcohol recovered by the method employed. Hence, known amounts of ethyl alcohol were added to 50 gram samples of brain which were then subjected to analysis. Second, distribution of ethyl alcohol in the various parts of the brain. Inasmuch as the procedure involves the use of 50 gram samples of tissue, it was deemed advisable to determine whether it was necessary to grind the entire organ, mix and then remove a 50 gram aliquot or whether 50 grams could be removed from the intact organ for use as a sample. Third, inasmuch as the work of Medical Examiner's Office frequently involves the examination of bodies in varying stages of putrefaction, a study was undertaken to determine the effects of putrefication upon the concentration of alcohol as determined by this method.

Rats fed large quantities of molybdenum for several weeks suffered connective tissue disturbances as revealed by reduced breaking strength of femurs, rupture strength of skin samples, and other tests. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article examines the relationship between age and palatal tissue and buccal gingival tissue in laboratory guinea pigs. Both guinea bigs were given similar dietary and environmental conditions as associated with interactions between age and tissue sites. A chart listing the age categories of guinea pigs used in the study is presented.

This article discusses the results of a research study conducted to establish a procedure for the selective differentiation of epithelial derivatives in gross blocks of embryonic and adult monkey and human tissues. The procedure allows epithelial structures to be clearly examined separate from surrounding connective-tissue stroma.

A conference paper that discusses the results of a research study conducted to establish a method and tool for preparing ground sections of calcified dental tissue is presented. The paper was read at the 18th General Meeting of the International Association for Dental Research (IADR) held in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania on March 14, 1940.

The article presents a method for determining the density of micro-quantities of calcified tissues. The performance of the technique by measuring the direct volume of blocks of tissue cut out using a micro-jigsaw is mentioned, noting that the technique avoids the usage of organic liquids normal used for flotation micro-procedures and thus minimizes the possibility of contamination.

The article examines the roentgenological method adopted for the quantitative appraisement of tissues. The study aims to determine the amount and the rate of growth of bone, muscle, and skin's subcutaneous tissue, and intends to conclude the variability of these two factors during the early years of life. It reports that preliminary study on the subject shows that tissue could be most easily differentiated in the films of the extremities and that the leg area would possibly afford the most satisfactory results.

The apparatus for fluorescent microscopy is described. The methods for processing tissue and for treating sections with fluoroehromes are given in detail. The fluorescent colours obtained with a series of these substances on human skin are tabulated. Vital staining of fresh tissue with aeridine orange is mentioned. The apparatus employed, and the findings with normal skin are described. Details of the photographic technique for the production of colour fluorophoto-micrographs are reported. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Presents two cases of ulcerative colitis complications. Family history of a young woman who was first seen in December 1946; Background on that woman's x-rays showing a typical picture of ulcerative colitis; Overview of a tissue examination which was undertaken.

A method is described for high power, high resolution, microscopic observation of trans-illuminated human capillaries in vivo. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on the survey regarding the cases of melanoblastoma at the Royal Prince Alfred Hospital in Sydney, New South Wales and malignant moles in prepuberal children. It states that the tissue specimens from 478 patients comprising 289 females and 189 males were examined. It mentions the three prepuberal children with malignant moles including one with xerodernia pigmentosum, another with a mole which was removed since it increases in size, and one with a bleeding mole on her calf.

The article presents an insightful analysis on the chromosome activity and human development. It is reported that in the somatic cells of female mammals, including humans, only one X chromosome is genically active, all others being inactive. Researchers claim that it is possible that heterochromatic chromosomes, such as the extra human X's, slow the rate of cell proliferation and tissue development. Most pediatricians agree that a state of increased lead burden may be said to exist when a young child has a duplicated blood lead reading in the range of 40 to 80 microgram/100 ml of blood.

The article reports on a study which examines the affective constitution in relation to plasma uric acid (PUA), tryptophan, tyrosine and serum electrolytes among business executives in Edinburgh, Scotland. Affective constitution, which is an affective condition, comprises of three personality types. These are the hypomanic or hyperthemic, the depressive or dysthymic and the cyclothymic. The first type characterized by abundant energy, sociability, and resistance to fatigue, is found in company administrators. Elevated PUA occurs in some hyperthymic people full of drive and suffering from stress and psychosomatic disorders. PUA then is somehow attributed as an index of success in business life.

The article is a preliminary study which seeks to determine respiration of the gingival epithelium after various methods of tissue preparation. The authors used a Krebs-Ringer phosphate buffer. The tissue specimens were examined for respiratory activity under three preparatory condition. A table is presented that shows the oxygen quotients.

The article presents the results of muscle studies in cutaneous diseases. In this study, the authors make it clear that the muscles underlying an area of skin showing the specific changes of dermatomyositis are not necessarily themselves involved. They further stress the desirability of making separate biopsies of muscle and skin.