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The article looks at the basic factors that contributed to the success of the U.S. Democratic Party in its bid to take control of Congress in the November 1958 elections. Voters across the country turned against Republican candidates despite a claim by the administration of President Dwight Eisenhower that it resolved the 1957-1958 business recession. Another factor is labor union activity which confirmed labor's position as a potent political force.

The article discusses the performance of top companies in the petroleum industry in the U.S. as of January 1958. It examines industry trends and business activities of companies including Atlantic Refining, Sun Oil and Gulf Oil. It presents the criteria used in measuring the management success of the companies which include profitability, corporate growth and the amount that management have to pay on average to borrow money. A chart showing the rankings is also presented.

The article looks at the finances of labor unions in the U.S. as of November 1949. According to "Business Week," 50 international unions representing about 75 percent of members have a combined net worth total of 339 million U.S. dollars. Among the richest are the 216,000-member Brotherhood of Railroad Trainmen, Brotherhood of Locomotive Firemen and Enginemen and United Mine Workers. Sources of union funds, union expenditures and finances of members of Congress of Industrial Organizations are discussed.

The article discusses problems involved in the processing and promotion of dehydrated foods. The American Home Products Corporation has reportedly dropped the entire program that uses the air-blast dehydration method developed by Clarence Birdseye. Consumer acceptance of dehydrated foods was much less than the company had anticipated. Problematic dehydration methods include freezing and dehydration under certain conditions. Successes include the dehydration of orange juice and vegetables in soup mixes, and General Foods Corporation's Minute Potatoes.

The article reports on diversification of the magazine distributors in the U.S. It is reported that the merchandising firm of David A. Christianson has created a wholesaler network that will handle small easy-to-display items on an exclusive basis. Under the business plan, in each major territory, one magazine distributor has an exclusive "Sno-Mist'' distribution franchise of drug, candy and confectionaries.

The article discusses the trials done on nondestructive industrial materials which will separate the good and damaged materials for possible re-applications. This testing has generate savings in production costs which could amount from 40% to a high of 80%. Details of the tests are also explored which include radiographic, fluoroscopic tests and magnetic-particle inspection.

The article offers information on the new Anglo-American Petroleum Agreement. It was signed by Harold Ickes, U.S. petroleum administrator for war and Emanuel Shinwell, U.S. minister of fuel and power. The agreement calls for an international conference in its preamble to write a world oil agreement. It does not settle any specific oil problems and no world oil or world market division is promised in the agreement.

The article offers information on the Canol Project, which is owned by the U.S. Army. It states that the project was launched with the concept that it would assist the defense of Alaska by giving emergency gasoline. According to Robert P. Patterson, the project is the first major venture of the U.S. government in oild production.

This article focuses on the proposed USA Standard, which presents control procedures for the data communication systems. This employs the USA Standard Code (SC) for Information Interchange. It is intended for systems that are controlled through the use of the communication control characters provided in USASCII. Other standards have been adopted or are being developed which prescribe the character structure, bit sequencing, signaling speed, message format, and other parameters vital to the communication of information in a data system. In the development of this standard both historical and present data communication practices were considered. In addition, consideration was given to the requirements for future systems and to the applicable standards being developed internationally. This standard is intended for systems that are controlled through the use of the communication control characters provided in USASCII. This standard specifies a variety of data communication control procedures to meet the needs of data communication links having different configurations or complexity.

The article focuses on recent developments in the field of information technology. Hebrew University in Jerusalem has decided to install a Control Data 6400 Computer System in July 1968 for use in teaching, administrative planning, and a variety of scientific research applications. Hebrew University has an enrollment of over 10,000 students, and its schools of medicine, law, and the humanities are well known. The computer system, to be installed in the University's Computer Department, will include a Control Data 6638 Disk File, 604 Magnetic Tape Transports, and a Control Data 512 High-Speed Line Printer. A new technique which could provide instant and unique identification of human tissue types and microbes with little or no laboratory preparation is now under development at Optics Technology Inc., California. The identification methods now in use require hours and sometimes days before positive results can be obtained. The new technique employs a laser light source and a small digital computer to accomplish the same result in minutes, saving both valuable diagnostic time and the extensive laboratory facilities required.

Describes the COPAK automatic data compressor. Component compressors of COPAK; Capabilities of the compressor; Functions of data compressors; Components that can be added to the COPAK compressor.

Highlights the Relational Data File computer system for data retrieval developed by RAND Corp. Capabilities of the system; Features of the system; Operational process of the system.

Describes a combination hardware/software monitor, called INT, designed to control a wide variety of real-time input/output (I/O) devices. Primary function of hardware and software; Set of meta-instructions which consists mostly of machine-language subroutine calls; Implementation of the monitor on a small general-purpose machine.

Features Nebula, a serial digital computer created under the sponsorship of Oregon State University Departments of mathematics and Engineering. Application of a glass delay line memory; Presence of command structure similar to large parallel machines; Capabilities of the machine.

Focuses on various socio-political developments in the U.S. Information on public hearings to be conducted by Republican Senators Ralph E. Flanders and Arthur V. Watkins and Representative George H. Bender in more than twenty cities on the price situation; View that it is votes instead of price facts the gentlemen are seeking; Description of ways and means of conserving electric power to overcome California power shortage; Information on growing anti-Semitic demonstrations by avowed Fascists in London's East End; Creation of a new insulin compound which may be of value to diabetics; Victory of Franklin H. Lichtenwalter, speaker of the Pennsylvania house, in the Eighth Pennsylvania congressional District elections; Opinion of state attorney general Eugene F. Black on the Callahan Act, Michigan's thought-control law, which makes it a crime to advocate any policy that might benefit a foreign power; Information on food export policy of the U.S.

Separate educational systems for whites and Negroes became the norm throughout the South and much of the North during the last third of the 19th century. Because the American tradition incorporates a deep and not easily ignored concern for equality and equal treatment under the law, and because there was something called a Fourteenth Amendment to the Constitution, the educational authorities had to assuage their consciences about a black school system. It was quite acceptable that it be separate, for that was in a hallowed educational tradition, but at least for the sake of appearances, it was necessary also to affirm that it was equal.

Focuses on the development of popular literature. Issues regarding contemporary novelists and poets; Methods and language of popular literature; Means of affecting the people's feelings and ideas through literature; Series of experiments in the domain of symbolic expression and imaginative values attained through the free combination of the elements of language.

The article features several notable executives in the U.S. in 1972. Topics discussed include the career background and accomplishments of John Doyle, chief executive of holding company Canadian Javelin Ltd., Bradford Mills, president of semigovernmental Overseas Private Investment Corp., Thomas R. Wilcox, vice chairman of investment bank Eastman Dillon, and Luciano Borrelli, manager of Banco di Roma's U.S. agency.

Comments on several issues relevant to foreign policy and domestic policies in the U.S. Prospects for an approaching peace after the war; Issuance by the California Industrial Welfare Commission of an order fixing minimum time and piece rates for women and minors employed in the canning industry; Votation on women suffrage in Iowa.

The article reports on the controversial approach of California State Polytechnic College president Doctor Julian A. McPhee to college education. His approach is considered an inversion of the curriculum as it starts with practice followed by theory. The college puts an emphasis on occupational experience, which can be seen in the project system of instruction. The final test of such an approach is the way in which its graduates meet the specifications of business and industry.

The article reports on book trade in the U.S. as of July 28, 1951. It highlights the complaint filed by the U.S. Federal Trade Commission against six publishing houses for engaging in unlawful practices giving book clubs an unfair competitive advantage over retail book stores. Some of the companies include Harper & Bros., Hougton Mifflin Co., Little Brown & Co., and Random House. According to the article, books on juveniles are booming while fiction is dragging. Better merchandising is needed to spruce up sales, according to the author.

The article focuses on the business strategy of Crandall Melvin, president of the Merchants National Bank & Trust Co. in Syracuse, New York. Melvin expanded the bank's farm business, both deposit and loan. Melvin has also focused on tbe city customers, especially those in the modest income brackets. Merchants was also the first bank to provide a 10 cents a check, no-minimum-balance accounts. Melvin also established New York's first complete drive-in branch.

The article discusses the victory of Democratic John Fritzgerald Kennedy of Massachusetts in November 1960 as the new president of the U.S. It offers information on how Kennedy won majority of the votes in the election and explores the economic policy of the new president. Also tackled are the economic problems facing President Kennedy, including the risk of inflation, monetary policies and the difficult competitive position of American goods, as he takes office in January 1961.

The article reports on the launch of the six-nation Common Market in 1958 and its impact on U.S. companies that are planning to established factories within the Common Market area. Some of the problems that an American employer may encounter if he will put a business in the Common Market area include the absence of freedom to implement labor terms and less productivity. The article also discusses labor conditions that U.S. businessman may encounter in each Common Market country including Italy, West Germany, Holland, Belgium, Luxembourg and France.

The article discusses the changes instituted by Robert A. Magowan, chairman and president of Safeway Stores Inc., at the food chain in an attempt to increase the company's profit margin. The changes affect the company's basic policies in pricing, purchasing, merchandising and advertising, among others. Background on the problems the company faced is offered. Details of the consolidation of the brand's supply and service divisions are also provided.