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These papers, produced for a graduate seminar at the University of Wisconsin, Madison, represent an attempt to devise a methodology for the comparative study of adult education. "Introduction," by G.S. Bains, provides a justification for the study of comparative adult education. "Comparative Philosophies of Adult Education," by Donald Verwayen, and "An Exploration of the 'Developmental/Rationalistic' Dichotomy for Comparative Adult Education Studies," by Michael J. Heus, examine basic philosophies. "The National Establishment of Adult Education," by Barbara D'Onofrio, concerns the status of adult education. "The Organization of Adult Education," by A. Brian Calhoun, "A Comparative Adult Education Inventory," by Marianne Maynard, and "The Arrangement of Study Activities," by Thomas C. Smrcka, present different forms of arrangement. "Cultural Differences and Evaluation," by D. Merrill Ewert, explores cultural influences creating differences between countries. (KM)

REPORTS WERE PRESENTED ON THE DEVELOPMENT AND STATE-OF-THE-ART OF PROGRAMED INSTRUCTION IN THE UNITED KINGDOM, JAPAN, FRANCE, AND THE SOVIET UNION. KENNETH AUSTWICK, UNIVERSITY OF SHEFFIELD, HIGHLIGHTS THE PICTURE IN THE UNITED KINGDOM WHERE INTEREST HAS GROWN RAPIDLY SINCE 1961. THE AUTHOR POINTS OUT THAT PERHAPS THE MOST EXCITING WORK IS BEING DONE BY GORDON PASK IN THE UNITED KINGDOM, WHO IS DEVELOPING EXTRINSICALLY ADAPTIVE TEACHING MACHINES. MITOJI NISHIMOTO, DIRECTOR OF THE AUDIOVISUAL CENTER, INTERNATIONAL CHRISTIAN UNIVERSITY, REPORTS ON DEVELOPMENTS IN JAPAN, WHERE A BRIGHT FUTURE FOR TEACHING MACHINES AND PROGRAMED LEARNING IS PREDICTED. GEORGE DECOTE, BROOKLYN COLLEGE, NEW YORK, REVIEWS THE STATUS OF PROGRAMED INSTRUCTION IN FRANCE. PERSONNEL AND ORGANIZATIONS ACTIVE IN THE FIELD ARE DISCUSSED. DEVELOPMENTS IN THE SOVIET UNION ARE PRESENTED BY HARMAT VOGT, UNIVERSITY OF MARBURG. PARTICULAR ATTENTION IS DEVOTED TO CYBERNETICS IN THEORY AND PRACTICE IN SOVIET EDUCATION. NUMEROUS DEVELOPMENTS ARE REPORTED. (JC)

The trade unions in the European aerospace and electronics industries have become concerned with the sweeping and rapid economic and technical changes taking place in the industries. This seminar enabled trade union representatives from Belgium, France, the Netherlands, and the United Kingdom aerospace industry and the electronics sector working for the aircraft industry to discuss their problems and acquire an understanding of each other's attitudes and policies. The participants focused their argument upon the broad economic policies affecting the destiny of their respective national industries. The British delegation reported particularly upon the nature of the issues in their country and the alternatives they were considering to maintain employment for the present work force and the other three delegations supplied information on the issues in their countries. The outstanding conclusion to be drawn from these discussions is the high priority assigned by trade-unionists to broad economic and political policy when jobs are in danger and their expectations are being frustrated. Background papers, speeches, and supplementary papers are included. (HC)

PROCEEDINGS FROM A MEETING OF UNESCO'S ADVISORY COUNCIL TO ITS OFFICE OF ECONOMIC ANALYSIS AND ITS DIVISION OF SCIENCE POLICY ARE REPORTED. THE CENTRAL THEME OF THE CONFERENCE IS SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY IN ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT. AN INTRODUCTORY PAPER DEALS WITH RESOURCES IN SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, THE INFLUENCE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY ON DEVELOPMENT, AND ECONOMIC PLANNING IN RELATION TO SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY. A SECOND PAPER DISCUSSES CURRENT PROBLEMS IN THE UTILIZATION OF NATURAL RESOURCES IN LATIN AMERICA. THE SOCIAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL PROBLEMS INVOLVED IN THE INTRODUCTION OF THE APPLICATIONS OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY INTO THE POPULATIONS OF DEVELOPING COUNTRIES ARE CONSIDERED IN A THIRD PAPER. THE CHARACTERISTICS OF RESEARCH, DEVELOPMENT, AND ECONOMIC GROWTH IN FOUR EUROPEAN COUNTRIES ARE DESCRIBED IN A SERIES OF CASE STUDIES. MOST OF THE PAPERS INCLUDE BIBLIOGRAPHIES. THIS DOCUMENT IS AVAILABLE AS THE "INTERNATIONAL SOCIAL SCIENCE JOURNAL," VOLUME 18, NUMBER 3, 1966 FROM UNESCO PUBLICATIONS CENTER, 317 EAST 34 STREET, NEW YORK, NEW YORK 10016, 468 PAGES, FOR $2.00. (AG)