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This article presents a discussion on the research paper "Soviet Economic Planning," by Gregory Grossman, a professor at the University of California in Berkeley, California, published in the May 1959 issue of the journal "American Economic Review." Grossman's paper establishes a very stimulating framework for the consideration of Soviet industrial prices. However, the class of quasi-prices is an extremely large one and one should be aware that in stretching the price system to include it, "price system" has been subtly redefined to cover nearly the whole mechanism of guidance and discipline in the Soviet system and it is a mechanism that has little in common with what, price system usually means. Not that there is any objection to this, Grossman has shown well enough that there is little point in studying in the Soviet economy what is usually meant by price system. Moreover, it is important to emphasize that while price systems are consciously employed by Soviet planners as an important determinant of enterprise behavior, they constitute a clumsy class of prices in practice. The reader of Soviet planning literature finds frequent instances of quasi-prices that prompt gross irrationalities and instances where the introduction of new quasi-prices to eliminate old irrationalities simply breeds new ones.

This study indicates that public opinion formation tends in large part to be a product of the activation of previous experiences and attitudes. The controversy at the University of California, in Berkeley, California, over the requirement that all faculty members sign an oath affirming that they were not members of the communist party created an opportunity to study the opinion forming process in a comparatively closed environment. University students reacted to a crisis situation largely according to their group affiliations and other background characteristics. Students operating within the intellectual atmosphere of the university may react in more rational ways than the general population. Student members of underprivileged groups may be more inclined to make rational identifications between their own group and other groups under attack, an identification, which underprivileged groups outside the campus may not make. Attitudes toward academic freedom are related to the same variables, which influence attitude formation in other areas of life.

The 1961 American Association for Public Opinion Research Conference was held during May 3-6, 1961 at the Hotel Claremont in Berkeley, California, as of September 1, 1961. The recently formed Pacific Chapter of the Association was responsible for local arrangements and played host at meetings. Ten formal sessions and six round-table meetings were held, in addition to an opening session. There was the awarding of the Julian L. Woodward Award to The Fund for the Republic. The abstracts presented in the September 1, 1961 issue of the periodical "Public Opinion Quarterly" of the papers given at formal sessions were prepared by their authors. Round-table discussion summaries were prepared by session chairmen or individuals appointed by the chairmen. A résumé of the business meeting is appended. The author, also an editor, wishes to thank Howard Mandel, general chairman of round-table sessions, and all session chairmen and speakers for their aid in the preparation of the report.

Traces the circumstances that led to the emergence of the organization of University Employed Graduate Students at the University of California's Berkeley campus. Chartering of the organization by the American Federation of Teachers in 1965; Garnering of members among teaching assistants, research assistants and readers on the campus; Longevity prospects of the organization.

The article presents abstracts of articles about business organizations, managerial economics, marketing and accounting. To determine the effects of the opening of a large supermarket, a 249-family research panel for the study of food shopping was set up in Berkeley, California, in 1965. Panelists reported food purchases seven weeks before and eight weeks after the opening of a new Safeway supermarket and the simultaneous closing of an older Safeway store one block from the new one. After the opening of the new supermarket, Safeway's market share increased from 10 to 16 percent. It was concluded that in areas where volume is highly concentrated, the opening of a new, larger supermarket will increase competition. In marketing, the social sciences have come to be viewed as a set of tools which enable managerial goals to be achieved. But when marketing is seen as a social system it is apparent that the marketing process is itself a tool for achieving the purposes of society. With product and all other controllable marketing variables held constant, factors extraneous to the product itself but temporally coincidental with consumption, may cause measurable variations in users' subsequent evaluations of product attributes.

The teaching assistant is both an officer of instruction and a student serving as apprentice teacher. These are incompatible positions. The data make clear that the number of teaching assistants had increased significantly by the 1960's, and that the assistants substituted for professors in teaching undergraduates as their enrollment increased, especially in public universities. The Berkeley situation provides a case analysis of the consequences: (1) that the assistants employed collective action (unionization) to gain legitimacy and professional prerequisites for their performance of the teaching function; and (2) that the undergraduate students also applied collective pressure to overcome their discontent with the circumstances and quality of their educational experiences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Tenth Annual Meeting of the Pacific Sociological Society was held at the University of California, Berkeley, December 28 to 30, 1938. The conference opened with a luncheon at noon Wednesday, when Constantine Panunzio, University of California at Los Angeles, spoke of his experiences in Italy. Prepared papers and discussions given at the four sessions devoted to the program were, Elon H. Moore, University of Oregon, "Patterns of Age, Sex and Direction in Net White Mobility Streams," discussions by Carl F. Reuss, State College of Washington and Paul Walter, University of New Mexico. Papers will be published in the March-April issue of the journal "Sociology and Social Research," as volume 10 the Proceedings of the Pacific Sociological Society. Glenn B. Hoover, Mills College was elected president for the year 1939. Other newly elected officers are Richard T. LaPiere, Stanford University, first vice-president, David E. Henley, Whittier College, second vice-president; Carl E. Dent, State College of Washington, Third vice-president, Paul H. Landis, State College of Washington, Secretary-Treasurer and Emory S. Bogardus, University of Southern California.

The article discusses the findings of the consumer-designed evaluation of the Haste Street House, an alternative health service institution at the University of California, Berkeley Campus. The evaluation, involving two student members, was supplied by an $800 grant from the University Office of Research, and was developed for the purpose of service program change and future evaluation attempts. It investigated five areas of the House's program including the peer counseling and the library programs. The results proved highly informative and suggested important advantages of consumer design in evaluative research.

The article focuses on Stanley Mellon of the University of California at Berkeley, California, who has been appointed as an Assistant Professor on second term by the Department of History at Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut.

This article presents an analysis of the 1964 issues of the American Sociological Review. In these issues the number of articles and research notes published, including two articles in "The Profession" section and four items in "Contemporary" was 58, number of articles and research paper notes per issue was 8.7, number of authors and co-authors of articles and research notes was 75 and number of different American colleges and universities represented once or twice was 19 including the University of California, Berkeley, Harvard University, University of Michigan, Brown University, University of Washington, Western Michigan University, University of Wisconsin, Iowa State University, University of North Carolina and the University of Texas.

This article reports that the Third Annual Meeting of the Society for the Study of Social Problems will be held in Berkeley, California from August 29 to September 1, 1953. The article further presents details of the meeting. The symposium, Challenges to the Freedom of Sociologists, will be held from 2 p.m. to 3.30 p.m. on August 29. American Sociological Society Program will be organized in the day session on September 1, while joint presidential papers from the Society for the Study of Social Problems, Pacific Sociological Society, and American Sociological Society will presented in the evening session.

Berkeley, California, is a compact city of 111,268 residents, housed within 9.7 square miles, with a resulting population density of 11,471 per square mile, one of the highest in northern California. The "Flats," encompassing the western two-thirds of the city, is a low-lying area containing the city's major business and industrial areas. Here, too, live the vast majority of Berkeley's minority groups and low-income families. The "Hills," which comprises the eastern one-third, is solidly residential, predominantly Caucasian, and generally expensive. Bisecting the Hills and stretching briefly into the Flats is the University of California, Berkeley's major, landmark. Like its sister-cities of San Francisco and Oakland, Berkeley experienced a population loss in the decade 1950-60, falling 2.2% from 113,805 to 111,268. Much of this diminution was undoubtedly due to the boom of the war years which increased the population, but much can also be attributed to the general flight of Caucasians to the suburbs. By contrast, while the African American population in 1940 was 3,395, in 1950 it was 13,289 and in 1960 it was 21,850. Similarly, Berkeley's Oriental population increased from 1,895 in 1940 to 7,337 in 1960.

The following consists of the recorded program of the luncheon meeting in Berkeley, California, August 30, 1953. At the invitation of President Samuel A. Stouffer, each living ex-president of the Society recorded a brief message. These were assembled on a single record, which was played for the first time at the above session. The program is unaltered, except that the brief introduction of each speaker by Stouffer is omitted. Fellow sociologists, here in California today at the 1953 annual meeting of the American Sociological Society, it is about to hear the recorded voice of each of the living former presidents of the Society. Sociologists operate in three zones, teaching, research and public service. One should consider the apportionment of one's time between the three and which shall have priority when a choice must be made, as for instance between science and social action, on the basis if either time or principle. A monastic vow to science means, though, not being tempted away by the indulgence of emotional bias, by the sweet applause of public service, or by the fun of intellectual activity without the work of verification. Avoid being a sociological hermit by being scientific only part of one's time, always in laboratory and seminar, often in publication, when necessary in classroom, occasionally on a public commission but never in the room.

Longitudinal data from the University of California at Berkeley are analyzed to test the relevance of New Left explanations of student protest politics when applied more generally to the study of student libertarianism. After first noting the predominance of change (more often in a libertarian direction) among the Berkeley panel, analysis turns to several prominent New Left themes purporting to help account for student activism in the sixties. These include a concern with students' class origins, dissatisfaction with the modern university, rejection of conventional achievement values, and intellectual competence. Except for dissatisfaction with the university, all of these themes are found to be of relevance iii understanding student libertarianism. It is argued that the well-known association between social class background and student activism not only does not extend to the realm of attitudes regarding political tolerance, hut has also been over-emphasized in its own right. The analysis suggests that a complex pattern of intellectualism and ascetic idealism may under- lie the emergence of political tolerance among college undergraduates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the rationale and program of the Science Curriculum Improvement Study in the University of California in Berkeley, California. The strategy of the study is to face the elementary school children with first-hand experience with intellectual challenges that will further cognitive development. It implies a commitment to work with a group of children for several years. The study hopes to illuminate on the acceptance by school system and their communities of an educational program designed to create inquisitiveness, mental flexibility, and intellectual independence.

The International Data Library and Reference Service (IDL&RS) was established by the Survey Research Center and the Institute of International Studies to assist social scientists at the University of California in obtaining, processing, and analysing existing domestic and foreign survey materials. The service also provides assistance in the collection of new survey data both in America and in other countries, and it is used as a training laboratory for various university courses of instruction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

All business firms have felt the impact of rising prices in one way or another. In many cases their financial statements have yielded peculiar results. On the balance sheet, the historical cost basis of valuation of plant and equipment, and the "lower of cost or market" method for the valuation of inventories have tended to undervalue assets grossly. Credit ratings, current ratios, and insurance coverage often cannot be determined adequately from these figures. On the income statement, reported earnings have often soared to unprecedented heights, due mainly to the matching of out of date inventory and depredation figures against current, higher selling prices. Accompanying this exaggeration of profits are the problems of higher replacement costs of inventories and plant, of sharing these illusory profits among the government taxing agencies, laborers, and stockholders, of the determination of future selling prices, etc. The accounting records become much less useful as aids in solving these perplexing problems, in as much as they have not been adapted to the changing price level.

This article focuses on the class project "Asian Are..." by fifth and sixth grade children from Franklin School, Berkeley, California, aimed at developing children's perceptions and awareness of Asian-Americans. Under the guidance of two teachers, Carole Aoyagi and Alexander Yamato, discussions supplemented by field trips explored the history and current status of Asians in America. They are one of four classes at Franklin School that teaches a course in Asian Studies instead of the regular social studies, California history. The other class subjects studied consisted of the regular class material for the fourth through sixth grades. Approximately one-third of the students were Asians, one-third blacks and one-third whites. They are part of the Experimental studies Program in the Berkeley Public Schools, which is financed federally. This article also presents writings and poems by children in these classes that show remarkable understanding of and sensitivity to racial and social issues.