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The 30 conference papers in this collection deal with such matters as (1) urban-suburban cooperation in solving the educational problems of de facto segregation, (2) the effectiveness of Federal programs in helping the Negro, (3) training for teaching in interracial classrooms, (4) school desegregation and white achievement, (5) efforts in nonpublic schools to provide equal education, (6) the reorganization of the schools in Syracuse, N.Y., and Seattle, Wash., (7) the provision of equal opportunities through compensatory education, (8) educational parks, (9) the legal aspects of racial isolation, (10) school desegregation efforts in Chicago; Syracuse; Evanston, Ill.; Hartford, Conn.; White Plains, N.Y.; Teaneck, N.J.; and other cities, (11) the implications of school desegregation and integration for research and, in general, (12) the crisis in American education resulting from segregated education in the past and present desegregation efforts. (EF)

THIS PAPER SKETCHES RECENT TRENDS AND PROBLEMS THAT HAVE EMERGED IN PUBLIC TRAINING EFFORTS IN THE UNITED STATES DURING THE 1960S. IT CITES SHIFTS IN EMPHASIS FROM TRAINING WORKERS FOR EXISTING JOBS TO REFOCUSING ON YOUTH UNEMPLOYMENT AND TO PREPARING THE HARD-CORE UNEMPLOYED FOR WORK, AND FROM CONCERN WITH JOB TRAINING TO JOB CREATION. IT POINTS OUT SUCH TRENDS AS REHABILITATING DISADVANTAGED WORKERS IN INNER-CITY AREAS, EXPANSION OF ON-THE-JOB TRAINING PROGRAMS, ACTIVE ENCOURAGEMENT OF BUSINESS INVOLVEMENT IN PUBLIC TRAINING PROGRAMS, AND REORIENTATION TOWARD CLIENT-CENTERED SERVICES INVOLVING SUCH NEW CONCEPTS AS OUTREACH, JOB DEVELOPMENT, AND INTERAGENCY PROGRAMING. AMONG THE PROBLEMS OUTLINED ARE THE UNRESPONSIVENESS OF COMMUNITY INSTITUTIONS AND THE "CRASH" NATURE OF PROGRAMS DUE TO FUNDING PRACTICES. IT IS SUGGESTED THAT SOME SET FORMULA FOR COOPERATION AMONG AGENCIES BE MADE THROUGH A CENTRAL FEDERAL OR STATE AUTHORITY. A BIBLIOGRAPHY CONTAINS 15 ITEMS. (RT)

An introduction which explains the value of information centers in aiding the flow of knowledge in person to person communication of information is followed by references to print sources and information centers. Print sources, listed to show continuity in the "people-print-people" cycle, are offered on the subjects of education, public health and safety, business, labor, employment, economics, and government. In addition, the directories of the National Referral Center for Science and Technology which lead the search to other sources of information, are described. Information centers are listed according to the same subject areas as the above print sources, each reference containing a brief descriptive passage. (SP)

This is to illustrate our experience of developing mangrove for the use of coated paper and woodfree printing paper. Mangrove species harvested in South-east Asia are generally lager in wood density and have very thick fibrous membranes which deteriorate papermaking suitability, although they cause no problem in cooking and bleaching with sulphate pulping process. When paper is made from hardwood pulp only, which is the case with KANZAKI, papermaking suitability of mangrove pulp has to be more improved. We achieved this purpose through beating by the use of refier of stone bar.

After having given the causes and aspects of pitch trouble in various spots at Takasago mill of the Mitsubishi Seishi Co. the writer remarks that the extent of trouble may depend upon the kinds of pulp and paper made from, and suggests such curable methods as seen below : 1.Adding 24% of bleaching powder in beater and after treating for 2 hours, to make paper without washing.2.To blend both clay and size in beater after light beating.On judging from the results of his testing, he says that the chief cause of pitch troubles will lie rather in quality, but not in quantity, and it is judged by the degree of stickiness of pitches in pulp, for which test its tackiness ought to be measured.He suggests the following temporary methods as being effective for mill practices : 1.For the separation or isolated pitches washing out; dispersing and washing ;saponification ; salting out in beater ; Having on dandy roll sticked, etc.2.Hardening of soft pitches.3.Setting pitches on fiber.4.Co-operation with pulp makers.

Nippon Synthetic Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. has developed a new form of binder, identified as a Gohsenol p-200, specifically designed for vinylon fibers.The effects of PVA powder as a bonding agent of vinylon paper have been mentioned in practice. The manufacture of vinylon paper on a pilot fourdrinier paper machine by using PVA powder as a bonding agent by the beater addition were studied.Physico-chemical properties of vinylon paper by using PVA powder is better than that of PVA fiber.PVA powder is convenient to handle and paper-making readily in the mill. For the most efficient results, care should be taken to select the preferred PVA powder for the specific need.

In this country, Bagasse was first used as raw materials for paper in 1881, in Shizuoka Prefecture. As to Japanese type paper, two kinds of Bagasse paper were made, one of which was made from Bagasse only. The other was white paper which was made from mixtureof Bagasse and Mitsumata. These products were displayed at the Second Industrial Exhibition.As to European paper, Bagasse was first used as raw materials in February, 1919, by Taiwan Sugar Manufacturing Company. This company made packing paper with 86 inch Fourdriniar paper machine. Several other companies followed this example, and the future of Bagasse paper in Japan was promising.

The body paper of hat was prepared from a 50/50 blend of SWP (synthetic pulp of polyethlene type, Mitsui Zellerbach K. K.) and NBKP, and was carried out beater coloring with organic pigments and alum experimentally. The vat-lined two ply paper was dry creped and worked upon and formed the sample into the summer millinery experimentally.According to an end user (milliner), the colored summer millinery well satisfactory an aethetic sense for practical usage. The physical properties of dry creped SWP two ply with pigments are shown in Table 2. Light fastness and waterbleed fastness or water-resistance are shown in Table 3.

A simple linear model is constructed for production, use and recycling of various paper and related products. This model is used to estimate the maximum feasible recycling rate given the current state of pulp and paper technology. Parametric linear programming is used to investigate the effect of the efficiency of collecting, sorting and transporting waste paper on the fraction recycled.

It has been a most common practice at the paper mills that the method called the acidic fixation in lower PH (PH 4-4.5) was applied to size the paper, however, due to the excess of aluminum sulphate would decompose alkaline earth filler such as calcium and magnesium carbonates and destroys its sizing effect.After a long carefull studies and experiments were carried out we have finally succeeded in produce the neutral sizing agent which produced excellent sizing effect even in the nearly neutrality (near to PH 7.0).For the example, we mixed with about 10-40% of precipitated calcium carbonate into the pulp in the beater adding with the neutral sizing of about 1-4% and the aluminum sulphate of 1-3%, then we are able to observe the perfect sizing effect on the tissues and printing papers. In other words, the test result of Stoickigt method was indicated about 30-50 seconds (60g/m2).Also, it is known to manufat cure the high grade none-filled paper (such as writing, bond, name-card paper etc.) made with the process called the acidic sizings, in this connection the required amount of aluminum sulphate is to be limited approximately between 1/4-1/5 as to compare with previous method. Assuming as to obtain size of 2 per cent it only required between 0.4-0.5 percent of aluminum sulphate are sufficient.Many tests carried by actual operation at the various paper mills, we are convinced more from those data and results, this is more effective medium for paper sizing than any other sizing agents. In this field and many Japanese paper mills are to start using and adopting the neutral sizing for the purpose, therefore we are prepared to state the merit and advantages of this material as follows.1) In the past a most important filler for the papers are those of various clays, however to obtain with the whiteness (above 95 %) and perfect filling effect many paper mills are able to use of those calcium carbonate and magnesium carbonate as the filler from now on.We recommend to use it for high grade tissue paper such as air mail and india paper which are required more translucent. It also can be used for a suitable common writing paper making because resistance against the Perker's fountain ink which consist of high degree of PH2) In the manufacturing Japaness paper by the cylinder paper machine, this neutral sizing agent will give much satisfaction for the reason of it's nature which will not destroy the fibre dispersing ability of mucilages (abelmoschus manihot) which will be able to adjust the uniform suspension of long fibres to coagulation in the acidic reaction of rosin and aluminum sulphate sizing.3) On account of the neutral nature in sizing, the durability and preservation of paper could be maintained and gain many other benefits by using it.4) It is known fact that a close relationship exists between the rate of dryness of paper and or printing ink and in this connection the expert on this subject recently recommended of the neutral slightly alkaline fixation for the sizing. (Ref. A. Voet : Ink and Paper, Part II pp 193 5) 5) This neutral sizing agent is a quite effective and ideal method and proceed with the method of neutral size, it will not only save a larger amount of aluminum sulphate but also save a big amount of fluorescent dye which intended to improve the whiteness of papers thus by using it themanufacturing cost will be sufficiently reduced. (In the case of the size produced under the acid condition will have a tendency of change of the red shade) 6) Due to the neutral nature of itself, this will definitely help to reduce the erosive action on the machine wire thus prolong the life of the wire.The neutral size is a sort of high-free rosin soap which is produced under a special saponification, process and it was prevented the coagulation of rosin particles by using the protective colloids.

The writer invented the improved Vat for a cylinder paper machine for making paper with high speed. The construction and the method is as follows : in front of the cylinder moved, a head-box is fitted higher, with a nozzle at the outlet over the width of cylinder face, whose lip is capable to adjust in opening. With a suitable high speed, made by the hydraulic head standing in the head-box, the stuff stream rushes into the stuff pool and agitates uniformly the stuff before the eylinder mould. And at the instant, the cylinder picks the fibres from the stuff on its surfaee, making good even paper web. (Pat, applied in Japan)

The cleaning of the suction roll was some of the operating problems facing in every paper mill. Unless the clogged suction roll were cleaned, the suction efficiency might be deteriorated. And the suction roll has so many holes that cleaning was almost impossible.Machine tenders found that the high pressure jet water would spurt out the stock and other foreign matter, thereby cutting down the time and labour. As it happened, engineers at Asahi Iron Works Company in Osaka, has been thinking about the same problem. Last year, Asahi Iron Works had introduced to Honshu Paper Company and Seiko Isuzu Automobile Company, the “Paper Mill Washer”. Seiko Isuzu is manufacturing a new type high pressure water pump as car washer since for years before.Distinctive features of the pump are : two special modified elliptic gears which are arranged and combined properly in the casing, the increased out put considerably per revolution and the highest overall efficiency. Capacity of the pump is up to 10 gallons per minute at 330 r.p.m.. Derivery pressure is up to 250 pound per square inch.This pump is used as a main component in the washer. The portable type is extremely easy to handle and to move from place to place. And is very quiet but efficient operation. A cohered pulp is spurt out thoroughly by spraying or jetting. Also it is fitted in removal of strongly cohered pitch, dirty grease and machine oil. Therefore, it is applied to cleaning the machine frame, stock chest, flowbox, etc.