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Fufang Zhenshu Tiaozhi (FTZ) has been widely used in clinical practice and proven to be effective against aging-induced osteoporosis in mice. This study aimed to explore the mechanism of FTZ against osteoclastogenesis and ovariectomized-induced (OVX) bone loss through the network pharmacology approach. The ingredients of FTZ were collected from the previous UPLC results, and their putative targets were obtained through multiple databases. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) during osteoclastogenesis were identified through multi-microarrays analysis. The common genes between FTZ targets and DEGs were used to perform enrichment analyses through the clusterProfier package. The affinity between all FTZ compounds and enriched genes was validated by molecular docking. The effects of FTZ on osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption were evaluated by TRAP staining, bone resorption assay and RT-qPCR

The accuracy of gastric precancerous disease detection algorithms plays a pivotal role in the adjuvant treatment of gastric cancer patients. However, detection of gastric precancerous diseases are facing two thorny problems: i)the physiological stomach environment is complex, and the lesion site features are not obvious, which lead to low detection accuracy for inconspicuous targets; ii) since the feature scale of the lesion site varies in size, the recognition ability of existing detection models for targets of different sizes is poor due to their insensitivity to multi-scale features. To address these two challenging problems, we propose an efficient and lightweight object detection approach called ELOD for gastric precancerous diseases. At the heart of ELOD are a lightweight bottleneck attention module (LBAM) and an efficient spatial pyramid pooling (ESPP) module. LBAM is designed to strengthen important features while suppressing unimportant features of images, which enables networks to deeply learn obscure targets. ESPP is devised to extract multi-scale features, thereby enhancing the ability of networks to detect multi-scale targets. Moreover, we take advantage of the state-of-the-art object detection architecture YOLOv5s as the underlying platform to implement ELOD and assess the effectiveness of LBAM and ESPP. To evaluate the performance of ELOD, we conduct extensive experiments on a collected gastric precancerous disease dataset and two public datasets (i.e., a gastric polyp dataset and a blood cell dataset). In addition, we quantitatively validate the generality and versatility of LBAM and ESPP. Experimental results indicate that our approach achieves high prediction accuracy,while substantially streamlining network structure and considerably reducing the number of model parameters.

Background: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is an increasing disease worldwide that leads to lethal and deforming consequences. In OSCC, Fascin actin-bundling protein 1 (FSCN1) is identified as an oncogene involved in the tumorigenesis process. But the functions as well as potential mechanisms of FSCN1 in OSCC tumorigenesis process have not been reported so far. Methods: We used RNA sequencing to detect the expreesion of FSCN1 from 40 paired OSCC tissue specimens (Tumor) and neighboring noncancerous tissue. Further colony formation, CCK-8 as well as transwell assay was performed to demonstrate the role of FSCN1 in vitro. Moreover, glucose consumption was detected. Western blot was used to confirm the interaction of FSCN1, IRF4 and AKT. Results: FSCN1 was remarkably overexpressed in OSCC cell lines as well as tissues. Further colony formation, CCK-8 as well as transwell assay suggested that FSCN1 silencing remarkably dampened OSCC growth and migration. Detection of glycolytic metabolism showed that FSCN1 silence remarkably suppressed OSCC glycolysis. Following mechanism studies revealed that FSCN1 realized its functions in OSCC process partially through the interferon regulatory factor 4 (IRF4) and AKT activation. Conclusion: In conclusion, our study investigated the functions as well as the mechanisms of the FSCN1/IRF4/AKT pathway in OSCC progression. FSCN1 could act as a prospective biologic signature and therapeutic target molecule for OSCC.

The present work describes the relationship between volatile aroma components and flavours of Fenghuang Dancong tea. Volatile aroma components of five types of Fenghuang Dancong tea namely Baxian, Milanxiang, Yulanxiang, Guihuaxiang, and Yinhuaxiang were extracted by headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME), then analysed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) technique and gas chromatography olfactometry (GC-O) techniques. The GC-MS results showed that a total of 116 volatile components were detected, among which 21 (including alcohols, esters, olefins, aldehydes, ketones, and alkanes) were commonly detected in all types of tea. Based on GC-O analysis, 26 active ingredients that mainly contribute to grassy, sweet, floral, fruity, woody, and honey aromas were detected. Among these ingredients, four compounds including linalool oxide I, linalool, nerol, and neroli, which give floral, sweet, and honey aromas were abundant (with high aroma intensity) in all five types of tea. This suggests that these compounds are the main components contributing to the unique aroma of Fenghuang Dancong tea.

Plant growth regulators(PGR)-assisted phytoremediation is a technique which could improve the efficiency of heavy metal accumulation in hyperaccumulator plants. The aim of this study was to explore...

Objective In our previous study, tantalum nanoparticle (Ta-NPs) was demonstrated to promote osteoblast proliferation via autophagy induction, but the specific mechanism remains unclear. In the present study, we will explore the potential mechanism. Methods Ta-NPs was characterized by transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering, and BET specific surface area test. MC3T3-E1 were treated with 0 or 20 μg/mL Ta-NPs with or without pretreatment with 10 μM LY294002, Triciribine, Rapamycin (PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway inhibitors) for 1 h respectively. Western blotting was used to detect the expressions of pathway proteins and LC3B. CCK-8 assay was used to assess cell viability. Flow cytometry was used to detect apoptosis and cell cycle. Results After pretreatment with LY294002, Triciribine and Rapamycin, the p-Akt/Akt ratio of pathway protein in Triciribine and Rapamycin groups decreased (P P P P P Conclusion Pretreatment with Triciribine or Rapamycin has a greater effect on pathway protein Akt, cell cycle arrest, autophagy protein, and cell proliferation but with inconsistent magnitude, which may be inferred that the Akt/mTOR pathway, as well as its feedback loop, were more likely involved in these processes.

In this study, pot experiments were carried out to investigative the effects of growth-promoting hormone diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate (DA-6), 6-Benzylaminopurine (6-BA), and chelator [S,S]-Ethylenediaminedisuccinic acid (EDDS) when applied to soil contaminated with cadmium (Cd). The substances were applied alone and in combination to assess their impact on biomass, Cd phytoextraction, subcellular distribution, and chemical forms in Cd hyperaccumulator Amaranthus hybridus Linn. (A. hybridus). Results showed that the treatment of EDDS alone inhibited plant growth, and raised the Cd concentration in the plant shoot and root. Treatments with DA-6 and 6-BA combined with EDDS alleviated the negative effect of EDDS on plant growth, resulting in a synergistic effect on Cd phytoaccumulation and translocation. At the subcellular level, DA-6 and 6-BA detoxified the Cd toxicity in the plant by retaining the Cd in the cell wall. On the distribution of the chemical form of Cd in plant shoot, DA-6 and 6-BA significantly decreased Cd mobility in the plant compared to EDDS. These results confirmed that combining DA-6 and 6-BA with EDDS can counteract the adverse effect of EDDS on plant growth. The treatment of 5.0 mmol kg

Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a T cell-mediated chronic inflammatory mucosal disease with persistent accumulation of T cells in the lamina propria. Nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) is a major regulator of immune responses, and NF-κB-dependent cytokines and pro-inflammatory mediators can be detected in higher levels in the saliva and serum from patients with OLP. CD4(+)CD25(+)Foxp3(+) regulatory T (Treg) cells play an important role in the prevention of autoimmune pathology by regulating the immune response. To explore the correlation between NF-κB p65 activation and accumulation of Treg cells in patients with OLP, 40 ethnic Chinese patients with OLP and 10 healthy volunteers were recruited. The nuclear expression of NF-κB p65 in infiltrated mononuclear cells and Treg cells in the OLP lesion and the normal oral mucosa (NOM) was analyzed by immunohistochemistry assay. Our results showed that both the nuclear expression of NF-κB p65 and the number of Foxp3(+) Treg were higher in the OLP lesions. Furthermore, the frequency of Treg cells was negatively correlated with NF-κB nuclear expression in subepithelial lymphocytic infiltrate of the OLP lesion. This finding provides a new insight into the pathogenesis of OLP and may contribute to novel therapeutic strategies for the treatment of OLP by modulating the immune system.

Ali CMB polarization telescope (AliCPT) project is a well-timed and well-planned ground-based CMB project in Ali (Nagri) area of Tibet, China. It has been approved at the end of 2016. To give an introduction to the detection technology of AliCPT. The whole receiver of AliCPT is introduced and discussed, including the optics, the cryostat, the preliminary design of focal plane TES bolometers, multiplexing SQUID readout, and so on. The raw sensitivity of r will reach below 0.001 by 10-year observation as AliCPT project being carried out and upgraded.

The inspection of Power line is an important work to guarantee the electricity network's operation. At present, using the paper files - heavy workload, low efficiency - is the main method in power line inspection. This paper presents a real-time power patrol management system based on GIS and 3G. This system build a Patrol Management website based on Web GIS, administrator could complete the management task on the web. Otherwise, the system use PDA as the patrol terminal, which installed software developed based on Embedded GIS, Mobile Database and GPS. GPS and GIS spatial query technology can replace the Bar Code, Information Button and RFID technology, to supervise and query in inspection work. This is more than reduce the hardware requirements of the patrol terminal, also greatly improves the automation and intelligent level of inspection work. In addition, the WCDMA standard PDA could upload real-time video in support of high-speed mobile communications network, manager can see live. This is more conducive to management, to assist and to supervise the inspection work. the basis of the above study, we use the WCDMA mobile communication network to further improve the efficiency of data exchange in the inspection process, combined with the Embedded GIS and embedded database auxiliary patrol officers. And even the introduction of the video call feature management center to keep abreast of the inspection site and guidance patrol officers to respond to unexpected situations. On the other hand, the use of Web GIS technology and Web-based management approach to make management more convenient, intuitive management the inspection task (7).

Great attentions have been drawn by quinoline for its broad bioactivity as anti-fungal, anti-bacterial and anti-tumor activities. Compared with cisplatin, 83b1, a quinoline derivative, showed equal activity in anti-tumor and lower cyctotoxicity in normal cell. In this study, a simple, rapid and sensitive method for determination of 83b1 in rat plasma using UHPLC-MS/MS was developed for the first time. Loratadine was used as an internal standard (IS). Separation was performed on an Xterra MS C18 column by isocratic elution using acetonitrile: water solution with 1‰ formic acid (90:10, v/v) as mobile phase at a flow rate of 0.3mL/min. A triple quadrupole mass spectrometer operating in the positive ion-switching electron spray ionization mode with selection reaction monitoring (SRM) was employed to determine 83b1 and IS transitions of m/z 321.82→147.84, 382.71→258.76 for 83b1 and Loratadine, respectively. The values of specificity, linearity and lower limit of quantification, intra- and inter- day precision and accuracy, extraction recovery, matrix effect and stability for this method satisfied the acceptable limits. The lower limit of quantification was 0.5ng/mL with a linear range of 0.5-1500ng/mL. The validated method was employed to study the bioavailability of 83b1 in rat by dosing with intravenous injection (1mg/kg) and gavage (10mg/kg), and the oral bioavailability of 83b1 in rat was calculated as 20.9±8.8%.

The commercial production of microalgae has become increasingly popular, but only algal biomass has been widely used whereas the vast amount of algae-free media has been essentially unexploited. However, a wide range of microalgae is known to release large amounts of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) into their media. Therefore, we have attempted to isolate EPS using a coupled system of microfiltration and ultrafiltration from the spent culture media of both filamentous and unicellular microalgae, including cyanobacteria, green algae, red algae and diatoms. A high EPS isolation efficiency was achieved at a pilot-scale through optimization of the process parameters for the ultrafiltration of cell-free media. Because the scale-up of ultrafiltration is almost linear, it is practical to use the coupled system to isolate large quantities of EPS from the media of mass microalgal cultures. By using an in vitro cytotoxicity assay, we also reveal that the EPS isolated from the cell-free media of Nostoc sphaeroides and Haematococcus pluvialis were capable of inhibiting tumor cell growth. Together, these data demonstrate the feasibility of using ultrafiltration to isolate microalgal EPS with biomedical potentials from currently unused media of commercial algal cultures and, thus, provide an added value to the microalgal industry.

The main supporting matrix of the edible Nostoc commune colony is polysaccharide, which plays important roles in protecting the cyanobacterium itself from extreme desiccation and high radiation. To explore biomedical potential from the inherent nature of the polysaccharide, we investigated antioxidant and moisture-retention capacities of the polymer. We report here that the polysaccharide is capable of scavenging both superoxide anion and hydroxyl radicals in vitro. Using the model animal Caenorhabditis elegans, we further show that the polysaccharide can increase antioxidant enzyme activity, decrease lipid peroxidation level, and reduce paraquat-induced oxidative damage. We also reveal that the polysaccharide has strong in vitro moisture-absorption and -retention capacities as compared to chitosan and urea, and is able to improve water retention in mouse stratum corneum under dry conditions. Together, these data demonstrate the potent in vitro as well as in vivo antioxidant activities and strong moisture-retention capacities of the polysaccharide from N. commune.

Latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA) is characterized by a relatively mild diabetes onset, autoantibody positivity, and eventual requirement for insulin therapy. Glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibodies (GADA) or cytoplasmic islet cell autoantibodies (ICA) play a key role in distinguishing LADA from type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in clinical practice. The aim of our research was to determine whether insulin autoantibody (IAA) has some additional value in diagnosing LADA. We analyzed IAA, GADA, and IA-2A (antibodies to insulinoma-associated antigen-2) in 1,003 newly diagnosed phenotypic T2DM patients, 110 type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) patients, and 317 normal controls to survey the prevalence of IAA in phenotypic T2DM patients and the overlapping positivity of IAA with other autoantibodies. Sera were drawn within 7 days from the start of insulin therapy. Results showed that 3.39% of the newly diagnosed phenotypic T2DM, 0.95% of normal control (χ(2) = 5.3, P < 0.05), and 21.82% of T1DM (χ(2) = 68.2, P < 0.001) were positive for IAA at diagnosis. The combination frequency of three antibodies was 10.47%, which was higher than any single antibody testing. Combination testing of IAA with GADA and IA-2A could improve LADA diagnose rate by 2.39% than that of GADA and IA-2A. IAA-positive subjects had diabetes family history more common compared to its matched group (67.6% vs. 14.7%, P = 0.000). Postprandial C-peptide in IAA-positive group tended to be lower, but the difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.084). We concluded that IAA can be used to screen LADA in phenotypic T2DM in the Chinese population.

It was believed that when hydroxyapatite (HAP) was used to remediate heavy metal-contaminated soils, its effectiveness seemed likely to be affected by its particle size. In this study, a pot trial was conducted to evaluate the efficiency of two particle sizes of HAP: nanometer particle size of HAP (nHAP) and micrometer particle size of HAP (mHAP) induced metal immobilization in soils. Both mHAP and nHAP were assessed for their ability to reduce lead (Pb), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), and chromium (Cr) bioavailability in an artificially metal-contaminated soil. The pakchoi (Brassica chinensisL.) uptake and soil sequential extraction method were used to determine the immobilization and bioavailability of Pb, Zn, Cu, and Cr. The results indicated that both mHAP and nHAP had significant effect on reducing the uptake of Pb, Zn, Cu, and Cr by pakchoi. Furthermore, both mHAP and nHAP were efficient in covering Pb, Zn, Cu, and Cr from nonresidual into residual forms. However, mHAP was superior to nHAP in immobilization of Pb, Zn, Cu, and Cr in metal-contaminated soil and reducing the Pb, Zn, Cu, and Cr utilized by pakchoi. The results suggested that mHAP had the better effect on remediation multiple metal-contaminated soils than nHAP and was more suitable for applying inin situremediation technology.

The effects of nanoscale particle hydroxyapatite (nHAP) on biomass, Cd uptake, the level of chlorophyll, vitamin C, malondialdehyde (MDA), and the activities of antioxidant enzymes, including SOD, CAT, and POD in pakchoi in Cd-contaminated soil, were evaluated by conducting pot experiment. Results showed that, by application of the 5 g·kg−1, 10 g·kg−1, 20 g·kg−1, and 30 g·kg−1nHAP in 10 mg·kg−1Cd-contaminated soil, the biomass of plant increased by 7.97%, 13.21%, 19.53%, and 20.23%, respectively. In addition, the reduction of Cd in shoots was 27.12%, 44.20%, 50.91%, and 62.36% compared to control samples. It was found that the supplement of the nHAP can increase the level of chlorophyll and vitamin C and decrease the level of MDA in plant shoots. Furthermore, the increment activities of SOD, CAT, and POD can be observed after addition of nHAP in Cd-contaminated soil. The results confirmed that nHAP can be applied to reduce the plant uptake of Cd and resist the Cd stress in the plant in Cd-contaminated soil.

"Analysis on land use coordination degree is instructive to land intensive use and land sustainable use. The coordination is established to analyze the land use coordination degree of Nanjing from 1999 to 2008; on the basis of this, coordination factors are analyzed by the multiple stepwise regression. The result shows that land use coordination degree in Nanjing has been in a rising trend in the recent ten years, but there is still a distance from the full coordination; we find that the main factors of land coordination use are population growth, economic development and the level of afforesting."