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The present study aimed to identify gaps in literature regarding occupational risks to broiler farming workers. A systematic review was performed in which inclusion criteria were workers in poultry farms. The search was done between May and June 2019 with online papers. Keywords were "poultry farmer," "poultry worker," and "poultry workers" as terms of an axis of a theoretical framework. Results indicated as predominant topics lung diseases, nasal mucosa or paranasal sinus contamination, and aflatoxicosis. The identified gaps in scientific publications are related to mitigation of occupational risks. Prevalent described risks are associated to exposure to chemicals gases, vapors and aerosols, biological hazards (micro-organisms), ergonomic risks, wrong working posture, excessive body movement and inadequate behaviors. Preventive policies about poultry farmer's health and safety needs to be adopted to reduce potentially dangerous risk factors and increase productivity.

O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar a evolução da produção e exportação de ovos de poedeiras comerciais no Brasil, considerada para o período de 2007 a 2021. Foram utilizados procedimentos metodológicos que incluíram além da pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, coleta e análise de informações obtidas junto aos órgãos governamentais e imprensa responsável pelo setor. Em 2020, o Brasil foi o 5º maior produtor mundial de ovos comerciais. Em 2021, a região sudeste foi responsável pela maior produção de ovos no país. Em 2021, o consumo de ovos do brasileiro foi de 257 per capita e está abaixo quando comparado a outros países, como o México, com um consumo de 368 ovos em 2020 e os Estados Unidos da América, com um consumo de 289 ovos em 2019. Entre os anos de 2007 e 2021 houve um aumento expressivo do consumo per capita de ovos pelos brasileiros, de 49,03%. Em 2021, as exportações brasileiras para ovos in natura (69,7%) e industrializados (30,3%) obtiveram resultado inexpressivo, representando 0,46% do total produzido, mas há expectativas de melhorias para os próximos anos, com abertura de novos mercados. O Brasil demonstrou crescimento contínuo tanto na produção, quanto no consumo per capita de ovos. Há necessidade de investimento em novas tecnologias, bem como adequação às normas de sanidade e segurança alimentar, e ainda, que as agências responsáveis pela divulgação dos valores nutricionais do ovo junto à população brasileira se tornem mais eficazes e atuem no mercado de ovos industrializados, principalmente no mercado de exportação.

Made available in DSpace on 2021-07-14T10:28:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2021-06-21. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2021-07-14T11:31:12Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 S1516-35982021000100606.pdf: 295890 bytes, checksum: ffc1590748ecf3abd93cd2f29169ca55 (MD5) Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) The purpose of this study was to determine if in ovo feeding with 25(OH)D3 could influence the incubation parameters of bone mineral composition, mineral density, and bone breaking strength in post-hatch broilers. Fertile eggs from Cobb® broiler breeders were either non-injected or injected with 0, 1.2, 2.4, or 3.6 μg of 25(OH)D3/100 μL olive oil at eight days of incubation. The data were subjected to variance analysis using the General Linear Model procedure (GLM) of SAS®. There was a contrast-1 effect (non-injected eggs vs. injected eggs) for tibial bone mineral density and egg mass loss, with higher bone mineral density in non-injected eggs (0.836 mmAl) compared with injected eggs (0.790 mmAl) and lower egg mass loss in non-injected eggs (11.25%) compared with injected eggs (12.10%). Tibial and femur bone mineral density responded quadratically, and injections of 0.47 and 0.68 μg of 25(OH)D3 increased tibia and femur bone mineral density, respectively. Egg mass loss responded quadratically, and 25(OH)D3 injections of 2.21 μg reduced egg mass loss (11.60%). In ovo feeding of 25(OH)D3 can compromise bone mineral density of post-hatch chicken. Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias Universidade Brasil Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias FAPESP: 2012/15365-1 FAPESP: 2012/21738-5

This study analysed the effectiveness of using different levels of a product based on 6% cypermethrin and 2% citronella on broiler production and control the lesser mealworm (Alphitobius diaperinus). A total of 648 one-day-old chicks (Cobb®) which were allocated to one of three treatments (no application of the commercial product - control, and two concentrations of the product 2.00 and 3.33g/m2) in eight replicates with 27 birds each. The commercial product, which was based on cypermethrin was applied in the chambers with an atomizer. The lesser mealworm population was sampled weekly (1, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35 and 42 days of the experiment) using traps, at three points (front, middle and back) inside the pen. The performance, carcass and cut yields were evaluated. At 21, 28, 35 and 42 days of the experiment, the number of lesser mealworm adults and larvae was lower in the treatment groups involving 2.00 and 3.33g/m2 of the product than in the control group. On the first and 14th days of the study, the number of lesser mealworms adults was lower in the group treated with 3.33g/m2 of the product compared to the control group, although the results did not differ statistically from those obtained with 2.00g/m2 of the product. In conclusion, the application of the commercial product at both concentrations (2.00 and 3.33g/m2) was effective in combating Alphitobius diaperinus adults and larvae, and the performance was not influenced by treatments. RESUMO: Este estudo analisou a eficácia do uso de diferentes níveis de um produto à base de cipermetrina a 6% e citronela a 2%, na produção de frangos de corte e no controle do cascudinho (Alphitobius diaperinus). Um total de 648 pintos de um dia de idade (Cobb®) foram distribuídos em três câmaras com os tratamentos (sem aplicação do produto comercial - controle, e duas concentrações do produto comercial - 2,00 e 3,33g/m2) em oito repetições com 27 aves cada. O produto comercial a base de cipermetrina foi aplicado nas câmaras com um atomizador. A população de cascudinho foi amostrada semanalmente (1, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35 e 42 dias do experimento) usando armadilhas, em três pontos (frente, meio e fundo) de cada parcela. Foram avaliados o desempenho, rendimentos de carcaça e cortes. Aos 21, 28, 35 e 42 dias do experimento, o número de adultos e larvas de cascudinho foi menor nos grupos de tratamento envolvendo 2,00 e 3,33g/m2 do produto quando comparado ao grupo controle. No primeiro e no 14º dia do estudo, o número de cascudinhos adultos foi menor no grupo tratado com 3,33g/m2 do produto em comparação ao grupo controle, embora os resultados não tenham diferido estatisticamente daqueles obtidos com 2,00g/m2 do produto. A conversão alimentar de 1 a 21 dias de idade foi significativa, com os melhores resultados para essa variável quando aplicado 3,33g do produto por metro quadrado e no tratamento controle. Em conclusão, a aplicação do produto comercial em ambas as concentrações (2,00 e 3,33g/m2) foi eficaz no combate a adultos e larvas de Alphitobius diaperinus e, não influenciou o desempenho.

Com a crescente preocupação do mercado consumidor de alimentos com o bem-estar animal, o setor da avicultura, principalmente na produção de ovos, está sendo forçado a migrar para sistemas alternativos de produção. Com o intuito de auxiliar os produtores na tomada de decisão de investimentos, objetivou-se realizar um estudo de caso e avaliar a viabilidade econômica da implantação de um projeto para a criação de poedeiras no sistema cage-free, desde a construção do galpão até a venda dos ovos. Para isso foi feito o levantamento dos custos para a construção civil da instalação (15m x 150m), aquisição de equipamentos e custos relacionados com a produção os ovos, desde a compra das aves (15.750 aves da linhagem Dekalb brown), ração, vacinas, entre outros. Após a análise dos dados, estes foram submetidos à aplicação dos indicadores financeiros: valor presente líquido, taxa interna de retorno, paybacks simples e descontado e os pontos de equilíbrio: financeiro, contábil e econômico. Para as análises as condições propostas foram: custo de oportunidade 10%, lucro desejado de 15% e tempo para recuperação do investimento num período projetado de sete anos. Obteve-se um payback simples de 4,25 e o composto de 5,8 anos, valor presente líquido de R$ 141.504,37, o que gerou uma taxa interna de retorno de 14,33% e os percentuais sobre as vendas foram de 49,38%; 35,92% e 90,46% para os pontos de equilíbrio contábil, financeiro e econômico respectivamente. Conclui-se que, dentro do que foi proposto, a criação de poedeiras no sistema cage-free é viável financeiramente.

Made available in DSpace on 2018-11-26T17:42:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2017-11-01 Locomotion issues in broiler production may decrease performance (carcass yield and traits) and lead to high financial losses. This study evaluates the addition of glucosaminoglycans in broiler diets to minimize the lack of proper bone development and joint weakening. The experiment was conducted using 2,160 broilers randomly distributed in a factorial pattern (3 x 3) using 3 levels of glucosamine sulfate (0, 0.12, and 0.24%) and 3 levels of chondroitin sulfate addition (0, 0.08, and 0.16%). Eight repetitions were used for each treatment, distributed in 72 pens with 30 broilers each. There was a quadratic effect on feed conversion for broilers from 1 to 42 d old (P = 0.0123) for the addition of chondroitin, and better feed conversion was obtained by adding 0.08% of chondroitin. The relative tibia weight, the width of the proximal epiphysis and diaphysis presented a linear increased effect in broilers at 42 d old. An interaction was found between the amount of chondroitin x glucosamine and the number of chondrocytes in the proximal cartilage of the tibia (P = 0.0072). There was a quadratic effect of glucosamine levels (P = 0.0107) in the birds that had received the 0.16% addition of chondroitin, and the presence of 0.18% glucosamine increased the number chondrocytes in the cartilage of broilers. These results provide the first evidence that broilers may benefit from increased dietary chondroitin sulfate. These results indicate that the addition of glucosamine and chondroitin sulfates in broiler feed rations might alleviate leg conditions and decrease financial losses in the broiler industry. Brazil Univ, Descalvado, SP, Brazil Sao Paulo State Univ, Dept Morphol & Anim Physiol, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil Fed Univ Grande Dourados, Coll Agr Sci, Dourados, MS, Brazil Sao Paulo State Univ, Dept Bioengn, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil Sao Paulo State Univ, Dept Morphol & Anim Physiol, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil Sao Paulo State Univ, Dept Bioengn, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil

Made available in DSpace on 2019-10-04T12:39:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2019-05-04 Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) 1. This study analysed whether in ovo injection of ascorbic acid before incubation and at high incubation temperature influenced blood characteristics and performance in broilers reared in different temperature conditions.2. A total of 3,000 fertile eggs from broiler breeders (Cobb (R)) were randomly divided into three incubation treatments: no ascorbic acid injection and egg incubation at 37.5 degrees C (control); no ascorbic acid injection and egg incubation at 39 degrees C; in ovo ascorbic acid injection prior to incubation (6 mu g AA/100 mu l water) and egg incubation at 39 degrees C.3. Male chicks hatched from the three incubation treatments were submitted to three distinct rearing temperatures (control, cold and hot) from the third week of age onwards (540 chicks were divided into 6 treatments with 5 replicates per treatment).4. Measurements at 42d showed that, after egg incubation at 39 degrees C, the haematocrit, haemoglobin values, ionised calcium and glucose concentrations were increased and base excess values were reduced. However, in ovo injection of ascorbic acid normalised all these parameters.5. Partial CO2 and O-2 pressure were higher with increased rearing temperature. Blood pH was lower when eggs were incubated at 39 degrees C and injected with ascorbic acid. In ovo injection of ascorbic acid induced leucocytosis due to lymphocytosis and heterophilia, restored basophils rate and led to monocytopoenia. Leucocytosis was triggered by hot rearing temperature due to lymphocytosis, eosinophilia and heterophilia.6. The results obtained in this study showed that in ovo injection of ascorbic acid before incubation may serve as a long-term stimulator and modulator of the broiler immune system, and that high incubation temperatures induce adaptations in the electrolytic balance, minimising or avoiding the occurrence of respiratory alkalosis under hot rearing temperature. Brazil Univ, Anim Prod Master Program, Descalvado, SP, Brazil Sao Paulo State Univ, Fac Agron & Vet Sci, Dept Anim Morphol & Physiol, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil Sao Paulo State Univ, Fac Agron & Vet Sci, Dept Anim Morphol & Physiol, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil FAPESP: 2010/01923-7 FAPESP: 2010/15280-0

SUMMARY Yerba mate ( Ilex paraguariensis) has in its composition organic compounds wich can modify chemical composition of broiler meat. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of yerba mate in chemical composition and lipid profile of broiler breast and thigh meat. The trial was conducted using 500 broiler chicks distributed in a completely randomized design with four treatments (0.1; 0.2; 0.4, and 0.6%) and five replicates with 25 chicks each. The chicken were raised form 1 to 42 days old and slaughtered for analysis of breast and thigh meat. The addition of mate did not affect the chemical composition and the lipid profile of the chicken breast, however, the composition of the meat of thigh meat was affected. It was observed effect of the addition of the yerba mate to saturated, unsaturated, monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids in the chicken meat. Stands out the reduction in saturated fatty acid concentrations and the increase in the concentrations of polyunsaturated fatty acids, especially Linolenic and Eicosapentaenoic, thus demonstrating the potential of mate grass in altering the lipid profile of poultry meat. RESUMO A erva mate ( Ilex paraguariensis) possui em compostos orgânicos com propriedades de modificar a composição química de carne de frangos de corte, desta maneira este estudo avaliou a influência da erva mate sobre a composição química e o perfil lipídico de carne de peito, coxas e sobrecoxas de frangos de corte. Foram utilizados 500 pintainhos de corte distribuídos em um delineamento inteiramente casualizado com inclusões de erva mate nas dietas (0.1; 0.2; 0.4, e 0.6%) com quatro repetições de 25 aves em cada tratamento, criados de 1 a 42 dias de idade para posterior abate e análises da composição de cortes cárneos. A adição de erva mate não afetou a composição química e o perfil lipídico dos peitos de frangos, porém a composição da carne de sobrecoxas foi afetada. Foi observado efeito da adição da erva mate em ácidos graxos saturados, insaturados, monoinsaturados e poli-insaturados na carne de sobrecoxas de frango, destacando-se a redução nas concentrações de ácidos graxos saturados e o aumento das concentrações dos ácidos poli-insaturados, em especial Linolênicoe Eicosapentaenoico, demonstrando assim o potencial da erva mate em alterar o perfil lipídico da carne de aves.

Dois aviários foram construídos em escala reduzida distorcida e equipados com climatizadores evaporativos. Em um dos aviários foi utilizado um sistema de refrigeração para resfriar a água utilizada no sistema evaporativo, enquanto no outro, foi utilizada água em condição ambiente. Cada aviário recebeu 125 pintainhos da linhagem Cobb com um dia de idade, as quais foram criadas até os 43 dias. Durante o período do experimento foram monitoradas as condições ambientais dos dois aviários: temperatura e umidade relativa do ar e, temperatura da cama. Também foi monitorada a temperatura superficial das aves. Foi avaliado o peso final, o ganho de peso das aves e a viabilidade criatória. Para a temperatura do ar, temperatura da cama, ganho de peso e peso final, não houve diferenças significativas entre os dois aviários. A umidade relativa foi menor para o aviário que operou com água resfriada no climatizador evaporativo, o qual apresentou viabilidade criatória de 90,4%, enquanto que no aviário que operou com água em condição ambiente, a viabilidade criatória foi de 86,4%.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of artificial LED lighting strips (red LED) instead of fluorescent lamps in production laying hens lighting programs, by assessing performance parameters and eggs quality. 200 laying hens (Bovans White) were used, at 30 weeks of age, distributed in a completely randomized design with two treatments: Red LED strips and fluorescent lamp, with 10 repetitions of 10 birds each. Three 28-days cycles were evaluated. Performance evaluation and quality of the eggs were evaluated in the last three days of each cycle. The results were analyzed using the statistical program Assistat, carrying out an analysis of variance and in case of significant effect (p 0.05) in growth performance (feed intake, egg production / day and feed conversion kg / kg and kg / dz) and egg quality (average egg weight, Haugh unit, albumen %, yolk % and shell %) between treatments. Birds exposed to the red LED showed heavier eggs (p

Made available in DSpace on 2018-11-26T16:33:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2016-01-01. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2021-07-15T15:01:26Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 S1516-635X2016000100125.pdf: 112453 bytes, checksum: 73f42cb188462e446fadb30d3b15dee0 (MD5) This study evaluated the effects of the dietary inclusion of an enzyme blend and a direct-fed microbials in broiler diets on litter production and quality. In total, 900 Cobb 500 (R) broiler chicks were distributed according to a completely randomized design into 4 treatments and 9 replicates of 25 birds each. Broilers were reared from 1 to 42 days of age. The treatments consisted of the following diets: NC: negative control; DFM: NC + 500 ppm of direct-fed microbials product (DFM), containing Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis; ENZ: diet formulated with an enzyme blend (20 ppm phytase, 200 ppm protease and 200 ppm of xylanase); DFM+E: ENZ + DFM. Birds and litter were weighed at the start and end of the rearing period, for litter production and waste ratio (Rw) determination. Litter samples were analyzed for dry matter (DM) content, total and thermotolerant coliform counts, nutrient composition (nitrogen (N), phosphorous (P) and potassium (K)), and fiber fraction (neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF) and lignin). The dietary inclusion of the evaluated additivesdid not influence litter production or Rw; however, ADF (%), NDF (kg and kg/kg DM litter), and total and thermotolerant coliform counts were reduced, and N content increased in the litter. The diets containing enzymes (ENZ and DFM+ E) reduced litter P content. The addition of exogenous enzymes and their combination with a DFM based on Bacillus spp. Did not affect waste production, and reduced litter microbial load, and the contents of P and insoluble fiber in the litter. Sao Paulo State Univ, Dept Nutr & Anim Prod, Pirassununga Ave Duque de Caxias 225, BR-13635900 Pirassununga, SP, Brazil Sao Paulo State Univ, Dept Agr Engn, BR-14884900 Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil Sao Paulo State Univ, Dept Morphol & Anim Physiol, BR-14884900 Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil DSM Nutr Prod, BR-05321010 Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil Fed Univ Grande Dourados, Coll Agr Sci, BR-79804970 Dourados, MS, Brazil Sao Paulo State Univ, Dept Nutr & Anim Prod, Pirassununga Ave Duque de Caxias 225, BR-13635900 Pirassununga, SP, Brazil Sao Paulo State Univ, Dept Agr Engn, BR-14884900 Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil Sao Paulo State Univ, Dept Morphol & Anim Physiol, BR-14884900 Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil

Intensive broiler production requires large flock density, which compromises litter quality and increases the prevalence of footpad lesions. The present study aimed at comparing the incidence of footpad dermatitis of broilers reared in two different rearing environments. Data from two broiler houses were recorded during 42 d. Air temperature and relative humidity; litter moisture, pH, and temperature; footpad surface temperature; and the incidence of footpad lesions was investigated. Litter quality was analyzed in a 2 x 4 factorial arrangement, with two house types (dark house or open-sided house) and four rearing phases (21, 28, 35, and 42 d of growth), with four replicates per treatment using 12 replicates. Four replicates were used for analyzing the air environment data. For the footpad lesion identification, a randomly factorial scheme of recording the surface temperature was built (2 x 2) using two houses, and the broiler sex using 15 replicates in the grow-out stages. The measures of association (odds ratio and risk ratio) were calculated. The multi-criteria analysis (Analytic Hierarchy Process - AHP) was applied for estimating the house that provided less prevalence of lesions. The field data did not provide enough evidence for selection of a particular house with less incidence of footpad dermatitis. However, when applying the measures of association data, and corresponding literature data to the AHP, there was an indication that the dark-house provided broiler rearing condition that reduced the incidence of footpad lesions.

Made available in DSpace on 2019-10-04T12:41:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2019-01-01. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2021-07-15T15:04:57Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 S1516-635X2019000200312.pdf: 737561 bytes, checksum: 2c2cc7533656e83eab92ca582075faf5 (MD5) Trade liberalization during the last decades has increased among nations as a result of decreased tariffs. However, during the same period, market agents have created new protection measures to replace such mechanisms in an attempt to promote the domestic economic stability of countries, while expanding and ensuring the trade between nations. Considering that Brazil is the second largest broiler producer and chicken-meat exporter worldwide, the present study proposed to analyze the main barriers imposed on Brazilian chicken meat imports by the ten major importing countries. This is a documentary research with primary and secondary data, of a descriptive-exploratory nature, under a qualitative approach. Semi-structured questionnaires including open-and close-ended questions were sent using Survey Monkey software to the Brazilian Association of Animal Protein. The study revealed that technical requirements are those most often imposed by the importing countries, indicating their concern about the safety, quality, and origin of the imported good. Commercial requirements do not constitute a problem for the growth of Brazilian chicken meat exports; however, the requirements made by some countries preclude the exports. Fed Univ Grande Dourados, Coll Agr Sci, Km 12,Rodovia Dourados Itanhum, BR-79804970 Dourados, MS, Brazil Brazil Univ, 950 Ave Hilario da Silva, BR-13690970 Descalvado, SP, Brazil Sao Paulo State Univ, Dept Morphol & Anim Physiol, Via Acesso Prof Paulo Donato Castelane, BR-14884900 Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil Sao Paulo State Univ, Dept Morphol & Anim Physiol, Via Acesso Prof Paulo Donato Castelane, BR-14884900 Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil

This study aimed to identify the influence of climate pattern and rearing conditions on broiler carcass condemnations observed during processing. We evaluated the registered data of 2015 from the federal inspection files in all broiler slaughterhouses located in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Midwestern Brazil. The percentages of condemnations by airsacculitis, cellulitis, dermatosis, ascites syndrome, total carcass condemnations, and average broiler weight at 42 days were analyzed. Data were associated with housing systems and season of the year in which each flock was reared. Two-way ANOVA was applied to the data in a completely randomized design 4×3 (four seasons and three houses) and compared by Tukey's test. The results indicated that the housing system did not affect the studied condemnations, and seasons of the year did not change condemnation by airsacculitis; however, the other pathologies leading to carcass condemnations were affected by season. Condemnations by cellulite were higher during summer than in winter. For dermatosis, the maximum index appears during summer and the lowest during winter and spring. The ascites syndrome presented the smallest index in summer and winter, and the minimum value was found in spring. The average bird weight was higher in autumn than in winter and spring. Type of broiler rearing did not affect the carcass condemnation index. Summer was the most detrimental period regarding the condemnation rates for the pathologies studied, mainly cellulitis and dermatosis, while the highest average weight of birds was found during autumn and spring.

RESUMO A coturnicultura tem apresentado desenvolvimento significativo nos últimos anos devido às tecnologias empregadas na cadeia produtiva, gerando resultados satisfatórios aos produtores, com baixo custo de investimento. O estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a viabilidade econômico-financeira da coturnicultura para o pequeno produtor rural ou agricultor familiar. Foram utilizados dois grupos com 1.500 aves cada, A1 (aquisição de lote misto com um dia de idade) e A2 (aquisição de fêmeas com 35 dias de idade), e empregados a taxa interna de retorno, o payback simples e o descontado, bem como o valor presente líquido para a análise econômico-financeira. A coturnicultura representa uma alternativa em potencial para agregação de renda ao pequeno produtor/agricultor familiar, pois o retorno do investimento ocorre no segundo ano. Para o início da produção coturnícula, a aquisição de fêmeas aos 35 dias de idade é mais rentável, quando comparada à aquisição de lote misto com um dia de idade. Dessa forma, a alternativa estratégica de comercialização para o início da atividade é o ovo in natura, que possibilita o retorno do investimento em curto prazo. ABSTRACT Quail production showed significant development in recent years due to technologies used in the production chain, generating satisfactory results for farmers with low cost of investment. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the economic feasibility of quail production implementation for small farmers. A total of 3,000 birds were used and divided in two groups (A1 and A2). The internal rate return was measured, as well as simple payback. The present liquid value for economic and financial analysis was discounted. Quail production is a potential alternative for income increase of small farmers, since the return on investment occurs in the second year. To start quail production, the acquisition of female quails at 35 days of age is more profitable compared to a one day old mixed batch. Thus, the alternative marketing strategy for the beginning of activity is the egg, due to the return on short-term investment.

Broilers are known as an efficient source of lean meat. Genetic selection resulted in broiler strains with large body size and fast growth, but a concomitant increase in fat deposition also occurred. Other than reducing nutrient intake, there is a lack of alternative methods to control body fat composition of broilers. The present study assessed whether incubation temperature (machine temperatures: 36ºC, 37.5ºC, and 39ºC; eggshell temperatures: 37.4 ± 0.08°C, 37.8 ± 0.15ºC, and 38.8 ± 0.33°C, respectively.) from d 13 affects broiler hatchling fat deposition. We analyzed adipocyte hypertrophy and proliferation in 3 body regions; weight and chemical composition of yolk-free chicks and yolk sacs; and serum lipid profile. Increased incubation temperature reduced abdominal and cervical adipocyte size. Independently of temperature, cervical adipocytes were smaller and showed higher proliferation than adipocytes in the abdominal and thigh regions. Smaller cervical adipocytes were observed in birds from eggs incubated at 36ºC and 39ºC. With regard to weight and composition of chicks, ash content as a percentage of dry matter was the only variable affected by temperature; it was higher in chicks from eggs incubated at 36ºC than at 39ºC and showed no significant difference between chicks incubated at 39ºC and 37.5ºC. Absolute and relative weights of yolk sacs were higher from eggs incubated at 39ºC than at 36ºC, and these two treatments did not differ from the 37.5ºC control. Absolute measures of yolk sac lipids, moisture, dry matter, and crude protein content were lower in chicks from eggs incubated at 36ºC, and no significant differences were found for these variables between chicks from eggs incubated at 37.5ºC and 39ºC. Hatchlings from eggs incubated at 36°C had significantly higher cholesterol levels than chicks incubated at the other 2 temperatures, but no additional effects on blood lipids were detected. Incubation temperature manipulation during fetal development altered cervical and abdominal adipocyte size in broiler hatchlings and could become a tool in hatcheries to manipulate chick quality, although further studies are needed to evaluate its long-term effects.

O Brasil apresenta potencial de crescimento para a cadeia produtiva do pescado, devido às condições naturais favoráveis, de clima, geografia, biodiversidade e água em abundância. A piscicultura ganhou visibilidade no município de Dourados/MS e na região, alcançando crescimento na produção de peixes. Este trabalho visa discutir sobre a sanidade e a qualidade do pescado, as legislações que regulam o serviço de inspeção sanitária dos produtos de origem animal e as políticas adotadas para produção e comercialização de pescado no município de Dourados e entorno. Realizou-se a análise de algumas normas e legislações sanitárias pertinentes ao Serviço de Inspeção Sanitária. Os dados e discussões permitiram constatar que políticas públicas, ações e normas sanitárias são necessárias e essenciais para a manutenção da qualidade e da sanidade do pescado, de modo a garantir a consolidação, a viabilidade técnica, econômica e socioambiental dos empreendimentos aquícolas no município e região, especialmente aos pequenos piscicultores.

Vitamin D is added to broiler diets to supply its physiological requirement for bone formation. The fast growth rate of modern broilers is often associated with poor bone formation. Increasing vitamin D supplementation levels and the use of more available sources have applied to try to prevent leg problems, to increase carcass yield, and to improve the performance of broilers. The present study evaluated three vitamin D supplementation levels (1) 3,500 IU (control); (2) control + 1,954 IU of 25-hydroxycholecalciferol; and (3) control + 3,500 IU of vitamin D in broiler diets supplied up to 21 days of age. The objective was to investigate if the vitamin D levels above the recommendations could reduce leg problems in broilers. In this experiment, a total of 1,296 one-day-old male and female Cobb(r) 500 broilers were used. A 2 x 3 factorial arrangement was applied, consisting of two sexes and three vitamin D levels. No difference was found between the levels of vitamin D (p > 0.05), the performance of males or females, the gait score, the valgus and varus incidence, the tibial dyschondroplasia incidence, the occurance of femoral degeneration, the bone colorimetric, and the carcass yield. Parts yield differences were found (p > 0.05), except for liver and intestine yields. We concluded that the lowest tested vitamin D level (3,500 IU per kilogram of feed) added to the diet was the best choice in terms of cost/benefit to help minimizing leg problems in broilers.

The pre-slaughter period is considered critical in broiler production. Several factors contribute to increase the birds' stress, such as handling, harvesting, and transportation, negatively affecting their welfare. This study aimed at evaluating the addition of lemon grass (Cymbopogon citratusStapf) to the drinking water of broilers during the pre-slaughter period on their behavior, blood cortisol, and surface temperature. The study was carried out at the experimental farm of the Federal University of Grande Dourados (UFGD), Dourados, MS, Brazil. In total, 2594 broilers were distributed according to a completely randomized experimental design, in a 3x2x2 factorial arrangement, with four replicates per treatment. Treatments consisted of three different lemon grass levels (Cymbopogon citratus Stapf) used in the form of an infusion (0, 0.1, and 5 g per L of water), sex (male or female), and genetic strain (Ross(r) 308 or Cobb(r) 500). The infusion was offered when birds were 42 days old. On that day, blood was collected for blood cortisol level determination, broiler surface temperature was recorded, and an ethogram was applied to register broiler behavior. Blood cortisol level and broiler surface temperature were not affected by treatments (p>0.05). The behavior of beak opening was different between the genetic strains (p

Made available in DSpace on 2022-04-29T16:11:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2015-09-04 The duration of pre-housing fasting may determine the chick’s weight loss, impairing their performance during the rearing. Management’s practices to minimize the effect of this fast are extremely important to the success of broilers rearing. The aim of this study was to check if the ascorbic acid injection (AA) in egg avoids or minimizes the effects of pre-housing fasting in broilers chicks. Fertile Cobb® broiler eggs from hens at 29 weeks of age were used. The experimental design was completely randomized in a factorial arrangement 2 x 4 x 2, and two sex (males and females), with 4 treatments (non-injected eggs and chicks submitted to fasting; not injected eggs and chicks fed with water and feed ad libitum; eggs injected with 1 μg de AA/150 μL of water and chicks submitted to fasting; eggs injected with 3 μg de AA/150 μL of water and chicks submitted to fasting) with 2 different ages (48 and 72 h after hatching). Eggs injected with 1 mg of AA preincubation has increased the hatching by 14.2% avoiding the negative effect of fasting on the weights of the chicks till 48 h after hatching, however, feed intake after this period of fasting is critical, independent of the AA injection, the association of AA injection and feed intake, are important managements to avoid weight loss of pre-housing chicks. Department of Morphology and Animal Physiology Sao Paulo State University Federal University of Grande Dourados College of Agricultural Sciences Department of Morphology and Animal Physiology Sao Paulo State University

Made available in DSpace on 2015-10-21T20:25:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2015-05-01 Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) We investigated the effects of incubation temperatures and vitamin C injections into eggs (treatments: 37.5 degrees C, 39 degrees C, 39 degrees C+vitamin C) on resultant chick pectoralis major and sartorius muscle fiber hypertrophy, as well as their effects on the quality of breast and over-thigh meat of broilers reared under cold, control, or hot temperatures. Incubation at 39 degrees C increased the shear force and reduced meat redness in breast meat (P < 0.05). Vitamin C prevented these high temperature incubation effects [shear force (kgf cm(-2)): 37.5 degrees C = 2.34, 39 degrees C = 2.79, 39 degrees C+vitamin C = 2.44; redness: 37.5 degrees C = 2.64, 39 degrees C = 1.90, 39 degrees C+vitamin C = 2.30], but reduced water content (37.5 degrees C = 74.81%, 39 degrees C = 74.53%, 39 degrees C+vitamin C = 69.39%) (P < 0.05). Cold rearing temperatures increased breast meat redness (a*:cold = 2.78, control = 2.12, hot = 1.98), while hot rearing temperatures reduced the muscle fiber area (cold = 5.413 mu m(2), control = 5.612 mu m(2), hot = 4.448 mu m(2)) (P < 0.05) without altering meat quality (P > 0.05). Hot rearing temperatures increased the cooking loss (cold = 30.10%, control = 33.66%, hot = 37.01%), shear force (cold = 3.05 kgf cm(-2), control = 3.43 kgf cm(-2), hot = 4.29 kgf cm(-2)) and redness (a*:cold = 4.63, control = 3.55, hot = 3.20) in the over-thigh meat of broilers from eggs incubated at 37.5 degrees C, increasing the area of muscle fibers, while cold rearing temperatures diminished cooking loss and shear force, reducing the muscle fiber area (P < 0.05). Incubation at 39 degrees C and 39 degrees C+vitamin C prevented the effects of hot and cold rearing temperatures, by diminishing and increasing the muscle fiber area, respectively. Sao Paulo State Univ, Sch Agr &Vet Sci, Dept Anim Morphol &Physiol, BR-14884900 Sao Paulo, Brazil Department of Animal Morphology and Physiology, School of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, São Paulo State University, Jaboticabal, 14884-900 São Paulo, Brazil FAPESP: 2010/15280-0

Made available in DSpace on 2019-10-03T18:20:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2018-01-01. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2019-10-09T18:33:23Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 S1516-35982018000100538.pdf: 436824 bytes, checksum: ae566449998790a4b54471b63b1e3ad7 (MD5) Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) Different levels of glycosaminoglycans (chondroitin sulfate and glucosamine sulfate) and vitamin C were injected in ovo to determine whether additive use influences the incubation parameters and bone characteristics of posthatch chicks. Hatchability was not affected by addition of glycosaminoglycans and vitamin C in ovo. However, chicks that received 4 ug additive showed 2.86% reduction in total mortality when compared with chicks from non-injected eggs. Moreover, tibia area and femur bone mineral density increased in chicks from eggs injected with 2.16 and 6.00 mu g of additive, respectively. In ovo feeding with glycosaminoglycans and vitamin C can benefit bone development in embryos and reduce total mortality during the incubation period. Univ Estadual Paulista, Fac Ciencias Agr & Vet, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil Univ Brasil, Programa Mestrado Prod Anim, Descalvado, SP, Brazil Fundacao Univ Fed Grande Dourados, Programa Posgrad Agronegocios, Dourados, MS, Brazil Univ Oeste Santa Catarina, Xanxere, SC, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, Fac Ciencias Agr & Vet, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil FAPESP: 2013/04158

Made available in DSpace on 2018-11-26T17:42:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2017-09-01. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2021-07-15T15:01:46Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 S1516-35982017000900760.pdf: 294943 bytes, checksum: 2c0496ae62d0c7da661d4abe8f2eb94d (MD5) The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of chamomile extract on Japanese quail on their performance, animal behavior, tonic immobility, body injuries, and surface temperature. The trial was conducted using 108 quail distributed in a completely randomized experimental design, with three treatments (0, 2.5, and 5.0 g chamomile/kg of feed), six replicates, and six birds per treatment, evaluated in six measures repeated in time (14, 28, 42, 56, 70, and 84 days of trial). The inclusion of chamomile presented a quadratic effect on sitting behavior, estimating the inclusion of 1.8 g chamomile/kg to maximize this behavior. There was a decreasing linear effect for aggressive pecking, that is, the higher the inclusion of chamomile in the diet, the lower the expression of this behavior. The inclusion of 1.8-5.0 g chamomile/kg in a Japanese quail diet reduces the behavior of aggressive pecking, in addition to keeping the birds seated longer. These results are innovative because they show in the literature for the first time that chamomile supplemented in Japanese quail diets has the capacity to modulate the behavior of the quail, leading to an improvement in the welfare of quail raised in cages. Fundacao Univ Fed Grande Dourados, Fac Ciencias Agr, Dourados, MS, Brazil Univ Brasil, Descalvado, SP, Brazil Univ Sao Paulo, Fac Med Vet & Zootecn, Dept Nutr & Prod Anim, Pirassununga, SP, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, Programa Posgrad Zootecn, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, Programa Posgrad Zootecn, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil

Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-01T13:08:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2014-06-01Bitstream added on 2014-10-01T14:02:47Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 S1516-635X2014000200006.pdf: 105361 bytes, checksum: 0a972e6d208183c180477f89b148fc29 (MD5) This study aimed at evaluating diets containing different fiber sources and two crude protein levels on the performance, egg quality, and nitrogen metabolism of commercial layers. In total, 392 48-wk-old Isa Brown layers were distributed according to a completely randomized experimental design in a 3x2+1 (control) factorial arrangement, resulting in seven treatments with seven replicates of eight birds each. Treatments consisted of three fiber feedstuffs (cottonseed hulls, soybean hulls, and rice hulls) and two dietary crude protein levels (12% and 16%). Cottonseed hulls associated with the high crude protein level (16%) resulted in the worst feed conversion ratio per dozen eggs. Diets with 16% crude protein resulted in the highest feed intake, egg production, egg weight, egg mass values, and improved feed conversion ratio (kg eggs/kg feed). The dietary inclusion of soybean hulls determined low yolk pigmentation, and of rice hulls, low egg specific gravity. The 16% crude protein diet with rice hulls promoted the best feed conversion ratio. Hens fed the reference diet presented higher egg mass and better feed conversion ratio per kg eggs and per dozen eggs. Hens fed the diets with low crude protein level (12%) had reduced nitrogen excretion, but presented worse egg production. Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho School of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences Department of Animal Science Universidade Federal de Alagoas/Campus Department of Animal Science Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho School of Engineering of Ilha Solteira Department of Biology and Animal Science Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho School of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences Department of Animal Science Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho School of Engineering of Ilha Solteira Department of Biology and Animal Science