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Abstract Gender differences related to sexual satisfaction (SS) have been discussed for decades. However, these subtle differences in SS indicators and their associations have not been fully understood. This study aims to analyze differences in the network structures of the items of an SS scale between men and women. The participants included 205 men (M_age = 21.6 ± 2.13) and 219 women (M_age = 22.1 ± 2.21) from Peru. Using network analysis, we identified the central elements in young men and women and compared the network structures based on gender. Results showed that “concentration during sexual activity” is an important and characteristic aspect of men’s SS, whereas “variety of sexual activities” is the most relevant aspect for women to perceive themselves as sexually satisfied. Differences and similarities in the elements that contribute to SS are described for males and females, highlighting that strategies designed to promote SS for both groups should take these into account.

The main objective of this study is to calculate the structure of a network of elements of life satisfaction and emotional well-being in young Peruvians, through network analysis, using the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) and the Well-Being Index WHO-5. A total of 414 university students between the ages of 18 and 27 (M = 22.18; SD = 2.57) participated. The results show that network analysis offers new avenues for exploring the dimensionality of complex constructs, concluding that the SWLS and WHO-5 represent distinct but related dimensions of subjective well-being. In addition, the items linked to the global judgement of satisfaction with one’s own life and with the activation of the arousal level stand out for their relevance in the network. Finally, some differences in network connectivity according to sex are highlighted, which merit further research.

Introducción: A nivel mundial, la ansiedad y la depresión figuran como los trastornos mentales más frecuentes, tanto en entornos clínicos como en la población en general. El Patient Health Questionnaire-4 es el instrumento de acceso libre más utilizado para evaluar la ansiedad y depresión tanto en entornos clínicos como comunitarios. Objetivo: El estudio tiene como objetivo evaluar las evidencias psicométricas del Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-4). Método: Participaron 1015 individuos peruanos entre 18 y 69 años (M=26.4, DE=9.93, 58.6% mujeres) que experimentaron la muerte de un ser querido. Se utilizaron técnicas derivadas de la Teoría Clásica de los Test y la Teoría de Respuesta al Ítem (IRT). Resultados: Se probaron tres modelos: unidimensional (CFI = 0.989; TLI = 0.966; RMSEA = 0.075), el de dos factores (CFI = 1.000; TLI = 1.000; RMSEA = 0.000) y el modelo bifactor el cual no convergió. El modelo de dos factores fue el que más se aproximó a un modelo perfecto. La confiabilidad, evaluada mediante el coeficiente omega, fue adecuada tanto para el modelo unidimensional (? = 0.88) como para el de dos factores (?ansiedad = 0.83; ?depresión = 0.78). El análisis por IRT indicó que, los ítems del PHQ-4 son adecuados indicadores que pueden discriminar entre quienes presentan o no los rasgos de ansiedad y depresión. Respecto a la relación entre el PHQ-4 y el duelo pandémico, tanto el modelo unidimensional (como el de dos factores demostraron índices de ajuste adecuados. Se demostró que el modelo unidimensional y el de dos factores son invariantes según el género y la edad. Conclusión: A pesar de que el modelo de un factor y dos factores correlacionados muestran adecuados índices de ajuste, el segundo tuvo un mejor ajuste. Además, este modelo presentó adecuada fiabilidad, discriminación y relación significativa con el duelo disfuncional.

El objetivo principal de este estudio fue examinar la dinámica de los síntomas depresivos en población peruana según identidad étnica, y encontrar el síntoma central mediante análisis de redes. Para ello, se analizó la base de datos de la Encuesta Demográfica y de Salud Familiar (ENDES), 2020. La muestra fue aleatoria y estuvo conformada por 32 634 participantes, a quienes se les administró el Patient Health Questionnaire 9. Se realizó un análisis de redes para conocer los síntomas centrales de la depresión de acuerdo con su identidad étnica. Los hallazgos señalaron que, en todos los grupos étnicos, el síntoma central fue el ánimo deprimido, a excepción de la población aymara, en quienes la centralidad recae en los problemas del sueño. Además, la menor interacción entre síntomas se presentó en quienes se identificaron como nativos amazónicos. Se concluye que la depresión puede manifestarse de manera distinta entre los grupos étnicos, especialmente en la población aymara, donde se encontró una expresión más somática, expresada en los problemas del sueño.

Abstract Objective The objective of this study was to identify predictors of intention to be vaccinated against Monkeypox (Mpox) in a sample of Peruvian citizens. Methods A set of sociodemographic and psychological predictors were used, such as sex, sexual orientation, educational level, previous diagnosis of COVID-19, marital status, complete vaccination against COVID-19, employment status, living with vulnerable people, presence of chronic disease, area of residence, perceived usefulness of COVID-19 vaccines, fear of Mpox, conspiracy beliefs about Mpox, among others. A total of 472 Peruvian adults participated, selected by non-probabilistic snowball convenience sampling. A sociodemographic survey, the Mpox Fear Scale, was used. Conspiracy Beliefs about Mpox was assessed using three questions created specifically for this study. For inferential purposes, simple ordinal regressions ("crude models") were performed between each factor and the outcome. Results Regarding their intention to be vaccinated against Mpox, more than 60% expressed clear approval. Being non-heterosexual, having greater emotional fear of Mpox, and perceiving some potential for this disease to become the next pandemic were related to greater intention to vaccinate. On the other hand, being older, having low perceived usefulness of COVID-19 vaccines, and having higher conspiracy beliefs about Mpox were associated with lower intention to vaccinate. Conclusion The study provides initial information for future research seeking to better analyze Mpox vaccination intention. In addition, cross-sectional data are provided that can be used to develop public health policies that target subgroups with low prevalence of intention to vaccinate against Mpox.

Abstract Objectives The present study aimed to evaluate the measurement invariance of a general measure of the perception of governmental responses to COVID-|19 (COVID-SCORE-10) in the general population of 13 Latin American countries. Methods A total of 5780 individuals from 13 Latin American and Caribbean countries selected by non-probabilistic snowball sampling participated. A confirmatory factor analysis was performed and the alignment method was used to evaluate invariance. Additionally, a graded response model was used for the assessment of item characteristics. Results The results indicate that there is approximate measurement invariance of the COVID-SCORE-10 among the participating countries. Furthermore, IRT results suggest that the COVID-SCORE-10 measures with good psychometric ability a broad spectrum of the construct assessed, especially around average levels. Comparison of COVID-SCORE-10 scores indicated that participants from Cuba, Uruguay and El Salvador had the most positive perceptions of government actions to address the pandemic. Thus, the underlying construct of perception of government actions was equivalent in all countries. Conclusion The results show the importance of initially establishing the fundamental measurement properties and MI before inferring the cross-cultural universality of the construct to be measured.

Abstract Background The study explores the associations among Relationship Maintenance, Satisfaction, Jealousy, and Violence in young Peruvian couples, particularly in a post-pandemic context, using a network analysis. Methods Eight hundred thirty-two participants aged 18–30 (M = 20.94, SD = 2.29), with 645 females (77.50%) and 187 males (22.50%), were involved. The study aimed to discern relationships among network nodes, emphasizing the link between Relationship Maintenance dimensions and Jealousy and Violence. The research also sought the central node in the network and examined gender-specific node connections, using the SMOTE algorithm for gender data balance. Results Findings revealed a direct connection between Complementarity and Jealousy, implying intense shared interests can lead to unhealthy dependence. An inverse relationship was seen between Companionship and Violence. Satisfaction was pivotal, showcasing its importance in romantic relationship success. Additionally, the study shows men prioritize Companionship and Sharing, possibly due to cultural norms, while women focus on the Companionship-Complementarity bond, indicating mutual support. Conclusions The research emphasizes the critical role of maintenance variables in determining Satisfaction, Jealousy, and Violence in relationships. The pandemic's influence on romantic dynamics is evident, emphasizing the importance of Satisfaction. Future studies should focus on gender equity and further explore these relationships.

Introduction: The presence of fear of an infectious disease triggers psychological factors associated with perceived behavioral control over vaccination acceptance, subjective norms of vaccination acceptance, attitudes toward vaccination acceptance, and perceived infectiousness from disease. Objective: The study evaluated how symptoms of fear of Monkeypox specifically relate to intention to be vaccinated against Monkeypox in a sample of 506 Peruvian individuals with a mean age of 27.11 years (SD = 9.77). Methods: Participants responded to the Monkeypox Fear Scale (MFS) and a single item of Intention to be vaccinated against Monkeypox. Using network analysis, central fear symptoms and associations between symptoms and intention to vaccinate were identified. Results: The results suggest that the node with the highest centrality was item 5 of the MFS. Regarding the connection between the intention to be vaccinated and the MFS items, a direct relationship was observed with item 1 and an inverse relationship with item 6. In addition, the relationship between these MFS items and intention to vaccinate is higher in men compared to women. While it would be expected that a greater presence of symptoms of fear of Monkeypox could lead people to have a greater intention to be vaccinated against the disease, the results could lead other researchers to generate evidence to explain this relationship in other Latin American countries. Discussion: The evidence is useful for developing policies that favor vaccination against Monkeypox in Peru and other Latin American countries.

Introducción: Durante los últimos años, los países latinoamericanos han mostrado un aumento en la producción de investigación científica, aunque este crecimiento no ha sido uniforme en todas las disciplinas debido a la insuficiente formación y desarrollo de habilidades de investigación entre los profesionales de la salud. Objetivo: Proporcionar pautas para el desarrollo del enunciado del problema teniendo en cuenta las respuestas de investigadores cualificados en el campo de la salud. Material y Métodos: Se realizó un estudio de metodología cualitativa descriptiva a través de un cuestionario virtual que contenía una pregunta abierta. Esta fue respondida por ocho investigadores certificados por RENACYT, mayormente hombres, con un promedio de 6,5 años de experiencia. La selección fue intencional tomando el criterio de accesibilidad. Los datos fueron procesados utilizando el análisis temático y con la asistencia computacional de la librería RQDA para identificar patrones significativos. Resultados: Los resultados indican que seis de los ocho códigos generados pueden ser utilizados como pautas para el desarrollo del enunciado del problema (Contextualización, Delimitación, Necesidad de investigación, Deductivo, Vacío de conocimiento y Formulación), ya que están involucrados en la acción de escribir el enunciado. Conclusiones: En cuanto a los códigos Pautas, se consideran aspectos previos a la escritura. Se discuten las implicaciones del estudio y se presentan recomendaciones para el planteamiento del problema en la investigación en salud.

IntroductionGiven the profound changes caused in higher education by the COVID-19 pandemic, affecting 1.6 billion students and 63 million educators globally, there arises the necessity for quantifiable measures that capture the essence of academic co-creation. This study aimed to develop and validate a short scale that measures academic co-creation (AC-S) in a sample of higher education students.MethodsA total of 3,169 students from three Peruvian cities participated in the study (Mean Age = 25.77 years old; SD = 8.92 years); 1889 were female (59.60%) and 1,280 (40.40%) males. Qualitative and quantitative procedures were used for test construction. Item response theory (IRT) under the two-parameter graded response model (GRM-2PL) and test information function were used to examine reliability; additionally, a brief measure of academic satisfaction was used to provide evidence of relationship with another variable.ResultsThe AC-S displayed strong fit and reliability, assessed through the test information function and standard error. It also showed a moderate correlation with academic satisfaction, bolstering its validity by linking with a pertinent variable. Its brevity enhances its practicality for education and research, efficiently fitting explanatory models and educational contexts. Despite substantial sample size and advanced psychometric methods, the study acknowledges limitations in sample representativeness and cross-sectional design. In conclusion, IRT and SEM techniques compellingly support the AC-S’s reliability and validity.ConclusionThe scale’s one-dimensionality, local independence, reliability, and academic satisfaction relationship form a foundation for future exploration of co-creation-based educational models. Further studies should evaluate its performance across diverse cultural contexts.

Introducción. La repetición escolar es un fenómeno escolar percibido, pero no atendido en América Latina; esto se evidencia en la escasa producción científica de la población en relación con las variables autoeficacia y perspectiva temporal. En ese sentido, la presente investigación tuvo como objetivo examinar la relación entre autoeficacia y perspectiva temporal en estudiantes repitentes de nivel secundario. Metodología. Se aplicó el instrumento Escala de autoeficacia general, en su versión peruana (Grimaldo Muchotrigo, 2005) e Inventario de perspectiva temporal (Díaz-Morales, 2006). Las personas participantes fueron 157 estudiantes escolares que repitieron año escolar en el nivel primario o secundario. Resultados. Los resultados indican una relación moderada y positiva entre autoeficacia y la dimensión temporal de futuro (r = 0,48); pasado positivo (r = 0,32) y presente hedonista (r = 0,30); y una relación baja y positiva entre autoeficacia y pasado negativo (r = 0,22) y presente fatalista (r = 0,27). Discusión. Se concluye que existe una relación moderada entre la autoeficacia y las perspectivas del porvenir que deben ser examinadas en futuros estudios, entendiendo que la población de estudiantes repitentes es un grupo poco investigado aún. De hecho, estos resultados tienen fuertes implicancias prácticas porque permiten dar cuenta de la necesidad de explorar variables psicológicas en una población con repitencia y realizar abordajes desde los departamentos psicopedagógicos de los centros educativos.

El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo aproximarse al significado del amor, a través de su expresión escrita, en una muestra de niños y niñas de Lima Metropolitana de Perú, y examinar sus diferencias según sexo y edad. En total, se contó con la par-ticipación de 289 individuos divididos en dos muestras: una muestra exploratoria (n= 50) y otra de confirmación (n= 239). El estudio siguió una metodología mixta, a partir del análisis temático como técnica cualitativa para identificar códigos subyacentes a la definición de amor de los niños, y del análisis clúster jerárquico como técnica cuantitativa para generar un dendrograma. Los resultados revelaron la presencia de seis categorías centrales: relación con otros significativos cercanos, romanticismo y amor propio, relación característica entre adultos, estado positivo, afectividad, y apoyo incondicional. A partir de ello, se concluye que el concepto de amor durante la niñez integra tres categorías del esquema interpretativo de las emociones: contextual o elicitador, experiencia subjetiva, y tendencia expresiva/motivacional.

In recent years, couples have been affected by health measures related to COVID-19, a circumstance that forces us to examine couple interactions in terms of crucial variables of their functioning. In this sense, the present study aimed to examine the association between love, jealousy, satisfaction, and violence in young couples through network analysis. A total of 834 young people and adults between 18 and 38 years of age (Mean = 20.97, SD = 2.39) participated; 646 women (77.50%) and 188 men (22.50%), who completed the Sternberg's love scale (STLS-R), Brief Jealousy Scale (BJS), Relationship Assessment Scale (RAS) and Woman Abuse Screening Tool (WAST-2). A partial unregularized network was estimated using the ggmModSelect function. The Bridge Strength index was calculated because the aim was to identify the bridge nodes between the variables under study. The results reveal that two nodes of the love variable, Commitment, and Intimacy, had a direct and moderate relationship with the Satisfaction node. The latter is the central node in the network. However, in the male group, the most intense associations are in Satisfaction-Intimacy, Violence-Passion, Jealousy-Commitment. It is concluded that there are relevant connections between the nodes of the network, which invite further research on couple relationships after the COVID-19 pandemic.

Introducción: La investigación científica tiende a ser presentada mediante reportes escritos, que inicialmente son denominados manuscritos, la revisión de su calidad es importante en el marco del rigor metodológico y científico. Objetivo: Diseñar y validar una rúbrica analítica para evaluar manuscritos científicos. Material y Método: Estudio instrumental. Donde se elabora una rubrica analítica compuesta por 21 aspectos integrados en seis dimensiones y cuatro niveles de desempeño (Excelente, Bien, Regular, Por mejorar). Se utiliza la metodología de jueces expertos (n = 9), fiabilidad mediante el alfa de Krippendorff (α) y relación prueba criterio externo e información cualitativa para la mejora de los indicadores. Resultados: El juicio de expertos indicó que los 21 aspectos a evaluar pueden ser considerados validos (V de Aiken ≥ 0.70) y fiables (α ≥ 0.70). Además, las sugerencias de los expertos permitieron mejoras cualitativas al instrumento. La aplicación piloto con un grupo de siete evaluadores indicó que la prueba cuenta con poder predictivo, porque se encontró que las puntuaciones de los jueces disminuyen mientras disminuye la calidad del manuscrito seleccionado. Conclusiones: La rúbrica analítica elaborada es un instrumento válido y fiable que puede ser utilizado para la valoración de manuscritos científicos en el ámbito de la educación médica. El proceso metodológico brinda evidencias solidas de su funcionamiento. A pesar de eso, se anima a continuar revisando el instrumento como parte de su proceso de mejora continua.

Resumen: Introducción: La creación de instrumentos de medición son aportes significativos para la medición y el avance de la investigación científica. Objetivo: Diseñar y validar una Escala de Maltrato al Asesorado de Tesis (EMAT) en una muestra de tesistas peruanos. Métodos: Estudio de diseño instrumental donde se diseñó y se validó una escala de 20 ítems distribuidos en 3 factores (asesor, jurado y administrativos). Tuvo la participación de 274 tesistas (61,7% mujeres). Para analizar la evidencia de validez basada en el contenido se utilizó el coeficiente V de Aiken, para la validez de constructo se recurrió al análisis factorial confirmatorio y la confiabilidad fue estudiada a través del coeficiente omega. Resultados: Se obtuvieron propiedades psicométricas adecuadas. Los 20 ítems de la EMAT recibieron una evaluación favorable a través del juicio de expertos, el análisis factorial confirmatorio apoya la estructura interna de 3 factores, reportando índices de bondad de ajuste satisfactorios, además, la correlación entre los factores fue significativa (p

This study aims to examine the relationships between symptoms of anxiety, depression, stress, worry about COVID-19 and fear of loneliness during COVID-19 lockdown in Peru using network analysis. There were 854 participants aged 18 to 50 years (Mean = 36.54; SD = 9.23); 634 females (74.20%) and 220 males (25.80%), who completed the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7), Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10), Preoccupation with COVID-19 Contagion (PRE-COVID-19), Brief Scale of Fear of Loneliness (BSFL). A partial unregularized network was estimated through the ggmModSelect function. Expected influence (EI) and bridging EI values were calculated to identify central symptoms and bridging symptoms respectively. The results reveal those two symptoms of depression—stress and anxiety—were the most central symptoms in the network. Depressive symptoms are at the same time the most comorbid and it is shown that there are no differences in the network when compared between those who left home and those who did not leave home during lockdown. Depressive symptoms are concluded to be central and bridging in the network and interconnected with some symptoms of stress and anxiety. These findings may be important to understand the experience of COVID-19 lockdown in Peru.

La Escala de Amenaza Grupal Internalizada, es un instrumento que mide el prejuicio percibido por inmigrantes latinoamericanos desde la teoría de la amenaza. El objetivo de la investigación fue evaluar las propiedades psicométricas de esta escala en inmigrantes latinoamericanos que viven en Chile. A través de una metodología no-experimental, que tuvo un muestro no probabilístico, se realizaron dos estudios de corte transversal, en donde participaron un total de 722 inmigrantes. Los hallazgos del primer estudio, a partir de un análisis factorial exploratorio, evidencian una estructura unifactorial de la Escala de Amenaza Grupal Internalizada y un coeficiente omega de .87. Por su parte, los resultados del segundo estudio, a partir de un análisis factorial confirmatorio, corroboran la estructura factorial de la escala para un modelo de 7 ítems con adecuados índices de ajuste y cargas factoriales mayores a .50. Así también, se encontraron correlaciones estadísticamente significativas, inversas y moderadas con la Escala de Autoestima y la Escala de Identidad Étnica Multigrupo. Finalmente, se halló un coeficiente omega de .89. Se concluye, que la Escala de Amenaza Grupal Internalizada cuenta con adecuadas propiedades psicométricas para su uso con inmigrantes latinoamericanos que residen en Chile.

This study was aimed to develop and validate a short scale to measure satisfaction with virtual courses (SVC–S) in a sample of higher education students during the covid-19 pandemic; specifically, in the year 2021. A total of 3080 students between 16 and 56 years of age participated (Mean = 25.71; SD = 8.83); 1836 were female (59.60 %) and 1244 male (40.40 %). The participants were students from three cities in Peru (77.90% from Lima, 12.70% from Trujillo and 9.42% from Cajamarca). Qualitative and quantitative procedures were followed for the construction of the SVC-S. Item response theory (IRT) considering Samejima's two-parameter Graded Response Model (GRM) (2PL) and the test-item information function was used to establish accuracy/reliability, and the relationship of the SVC-S with a similar measure was examined to demonstrate convergence and discrimination. The results reveal that the data present an optimal fit (M2 (2) = 3.62; RMSEA = .016; CFI = 1.00). Reliability is excellent (rxx = .93) and the information function suggests that the instrument is more accurate at low levels of the latent trait. Regarding convergence with an academic satisfaction scale, the SVC-S showed an appropriate correlation (r = .70) whose average variance extracted (AVE) reported good discrimination of the constructs; despite being conceptually similar. SVC-S is concluded to be a valid and reliable measure that can be used in future studies in higher education.

AimsOver the past 2 years, the vaccine conspiracy beliefs construct has been used in a number of different studies. These publications have assessed the determinants and outcomes of vaccine conspiracy beliefs using, in some cases, pooled data from different countries, and compared the results across these contexts. However, studies often do not consider measurement invariance as a necessary requirement for comparative analyses. Therefore, the aim of this study was to develop and evaluate the cross-cultural MI of the COVID-19 Vaccine Conspiracy Beliefs Scale (COVID-VCBS) in 12 Latin American countries.MethodsConfirmatory factor analysis, item response theory analysis and alignment method were applied to test measurement invariance in a large number of groups.ResultsThe COVID-VCBS showed robust psychometric properties and measurement invariance for both factor loadings and crosstabs. Also, a higher level of acceptance of conspiracy beliefs about vaccines is necessary to respond to higher response categories. Similarly, greater acceptance of conspiracy beliefs about COVID-19 vaccines was related to a lower intention to be vaccinated.ConclusionThe results allow for improved understanding of conspiracy beliefs about COVID-19 vaccines in the countries assessed; furthermore, they provide researchers and practitioners with an invariant measure that they can use in cross-cultural studies in Latin America. However, further studies are needed to test invariance in other countries, with the goal of developing a truly international measure of conspiracy beliefs about COVID-19 vaccines.

El estudio tuvo por objetivo realizar un análisis bibliométrico de Interdisciplinaria: Revista de Psicología y Ciencias Afines, considerando las publicaciones indizadas en la base bibliográfica Scopus (2009-2017). A partir de una muestra final de 173 artículos científicos, se realizó la descripción de la distribución de los documentos según el sexo de los autores y el idioma de la publicación, así también, se evaluó el cumplimiento de la ley de Lotka sobre la producción científica de los autores. Además, se estimaron índices de colaboración (Lawani, 1981, 1986; Subramanyam, 1983) y se visualizaron las relaciones entre los países de las instituciones de filiación de los autores firmantes. De igual forma, se describió la concentración de trabajos de acuerdo con áreas temáticas y metodologías de investigación. En los resultados se destaca una mayor presencia de mujeres en comparación con los hombres, tanto en la primera autoría como en el total de autores. Así también, se cumple con la ley de Lotka y se visualiza el incremento de trabajos colaborativos en los últimos dos trienios, lo cual se evidencia en los índices de colaboración descritos. Por otra parte, se encontró que los trabajos se concentran en áreas como la psicología educacional, metodología y psicometría. Finalmente, se observa que predominan los trabajos que siguieron metodología cuantitativa. El análisis y discusión de los resultados permite mostrar el trabajo realizado por Interdisciplinaria en los últimos años, siendo un referente para la comunicación del conocimiento científico en los países de Iberoamérica.

This study aims to adapt, provide evidence of validity, analyze the invariance across gender, and estimate the reliability of the reduced version of the Sternberg's Triangular Love Scale (STLS-R). The sample size comprises 988 Peruvians (748 females and 240 males), who had been in a relationship for at least one month, and whose ages ranged from16 to 54 years old (M=21.29; SD=3.91). Before the statistical analysis, the semantic equivalence was tested through the translation-back translation method. The results indicate that the three-dimensional STLS-R model present satisfactory goodness-of-fit in the data (χ2 (87) = 177.14; χ2/df =2.04; CFI =.99; RMSEA=.03 [.02, .04]; SRMR = .03) which is invariant with respect to gender, and show acceptable reliability regarding intimacy (ω = .91), commitment (ω = .93) and passion (ω = .86). The overall results offer sufficient valid evidence and suggest that the scale can be used in further studies. However, its effective-ness should still be tested in different regions of Peru.

Conspiracy theories about COVID-19 began to emerge immediately after the first news about the disease and threaten to prolong the negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic by limiting people’s willingness of receiving a life-saving vaccine. In this context, this study aimed to explore the variation of conspiracy beliefs regarding COVID-19 and the vaccine against it in 5779 people living in 13 Latin American countries (Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Cuba, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Mexico, Paraguay, Peru, Uruguay and Venezuela) according to sociodemographic variables such as gender, age, educational level and source of information about COVID-19. The study was conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic between September 15 and October 25, 2021. The Spanish-language COVID-19 Vaccine Conspiracy Beliefs Scale (ECCV-COVID) and a sociodemographic survey were used. The results indicate that, in most countries, women, people with a lower educational level and those who receive information about the vaccine and COVID-19 from family/friends are more supportive of conspiracy ideas regarding the COVID-19 vaccine. In the case of age, the results vary by country. The analysis of the responses to each of the questions of the ECCV-COVID reveals that, in general, the countries evaluated are mostly in some degree of disagreement or indecision regarding conspiratorial beliefs about COVID-19 vaccines. The findings could help open further study which could support prevention and treatment efforts during the COVID-19 pandemic.

This study aimed to examine the relationship between anxiety, depression, subjective well-being, and academic performance in Peruvian university health science students with COVID-19-infected relatives. Eight hundred two university students aged 17–54 years (Mean 21.83; SD = 5.31); 658 females (82%) and 144 males (18%); who completed the Patient Health Questionnaire-2, Coronavirus Anxiety Scale, Subjective Well-being Scale (SWB), and Self-reporting of Academic Performance participated. A partial unregularized network was estimated using the ggmModSelect function. Expected influence (EI) values were calculated to identify the central nodes and a two-tailed permutation test for the difference between the two groups (COVID-19 infected and uninfected). The results reveal that a depression and well-being node (PHQ1-SWB3) presents the highest relationship. The most central nodes belonged to COVID-19 anxiety, and there are no global differences between the comparison networks; but at the local level, there are connections in the network of COVID-19-infected students that are not in the group that did not present this diagnosis. It is concluded that anxious–depressive symptomatology and its relationship with well-being and evaluation of academic performance should be considered in order to understand the impact that COVID-19 had on health sciences students.

La empatía es conceptualizada como la conciencia de las emociones y cogniciones de los demás y resulta importante en el contexto escolar para el favorecimiento de la convivencia y prevención de conductas agresivas. En ese sentido, el presente estudio tiene como objetivo examinar las evidencias de validez, fiabilidad e invarianza factorial de una escala breve de empatía básica (BES) en niños peruanos. Por ende, participaron 838 niños y niñas entre 8 y 12 años de edad (M = 9.95; DE = 1.13) de seis instituciones educativas, algunos colegios fueron utilizados para el análisis exploratorio y otros para confirmar. Se administró la BES que fue adaptada para niños (BES-I). Respecto al análisis de datos, se efectuó un análisis factorial exploratorio (AFE) y confirmatorio (AFC), además del análisis de invarianza factorial, para finalmente examinar la fiabilidad mediante el coeficiente omega (ω). Los resultados del AFE sugieren una medida bidimensional oblicua (cognitivo y afectivo). Del mismo modo, el AFC reafirmó estos resultados por presentar buenas bondades de ajuste (CFI ≥ .97, RMSEA ≤ .04); estos hallazgos son coherentes con los postulados teóricos que sugieren que la empatía es un constructo compuesto por factores específicos y no por un solo factor. La invarianza factorial de acuerdo con el sexo demostró que la BES-I mide lo mismo en niños y niñas y la fiabilidad obtenida mediante el coeficiente ω fue superior a .65, lo cual indica que es aceptable. Se concluye que la BES-I es un instrumento breve que puede resultar valioso en la comprensión de la empatía infantil en futuras investigaciones.

Objetivo: Determinar el grado de satisfacción acerca de la asesoría de tesis recibida en egresados de una Facultad de Salud, Perú. Material y métodos: Estudio transversal analitico realizado en 87 egresados, 15 de medicina, 22 de enfermería 19 de nutrición y 31 de psicología, que culminaron su proceso de tesis durante el año 2019. La recolección de datos se realizó mediante un cuestionario de percepción de satisfacción respecto a la asesoría de tesis, previo consentimiento informado. Resultados: en el 86,2 % predomina una insatisfacción respecto a la labor de quien fuera su asesor, 83 % no lo definió como investigador, 93 % opinó que no tenía publicaciones científicas, 93 % que no fue motivado a publicar los resultados de su tesis y 83 % que no recibió apoyo con los trámites. Conclusiones: El grado de satisfacción de los estudiantes sobre la asesoría de tesis fue desfavorable; los asesores no demuestran producción científica y tampoco motivan a publicar los resultados de investigación.

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic is a public health emergency that has substantially modified medical education from face-to-face to online teaching modalities. Objective: To evaluate academic satisfaction before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in a sample of university students of health sciences in Peru. Material and Methods: Observational, cross-sectional, and comparative study. An ad hoc sociodemographic form was used; the following questions were included: How would you rate your academic performance at the university? Had you taken any virtual courses before the pandemic? Do you have internet connection at home? Did you fail any course last semester? What is your occupation? The Academic Satisfaction Scale (ASE), which was composed of eight items, was also used. All the questions were asked using a form that was valid on the virtual platform of the university for two weeks and applied in June 2019 (first evaluation) and August 2020 (second evaluation). Results: Among the sociodemographic variables evaluated, the poor quality of internet connectivity (Cohen's d = -0,65) and self-assessment of performance as very high (Cohen's d = -0,72) show moderate differences between 2019 and 2020. Conclusions: The academic satisfaction among health sciences students during the COVID-19 health emergency change considerably when the Internet connectivity is poor and the students evaluate themselves as high achievers, variables that can be considered when designing curricular strategies for health sciences students.

This research aims to develop and validate a Spanish version of The Brief Scale of Fear of Loneliness (BSFL). Participants were 1385 youth and adults, 347 from a pilot sample and 1032 from the final version, whose ages were in the range of 18 to 40 years. Two instruments, the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale and the De Jong Gierveld Loneliness Scale, in their Peruvian versions, were used to support the relationship with other variables. Results show that the BSFL should be interpreted as a one-dimensional measure, the same ones that were examined at the exploratory level and verified at the confirmatory moment (RMSEA < 0.08, CFI > 0.95), and its reliability is considered good (ω > 0.88). In addition, the quality of the item content was reviewed by six expert judges for relevance and validity, with Aiken’s V being greater than 0.70. It is concluded that the BSFL is a valid and precise short instrument that can be used in future research studies.

Introducción: actualmente, existe un mayor interés por el estudio del bienestar, debido a su importancia en el desarrollo y evaluación de políticas en salud a favor de la población en general. Por lo tanto, se hace necesaria una medición válida y confiable del bienestar. En este contexto, el estudio evaluó las evidencias de validez basadas en la estructura interna, confiabilidad e invarianza factorial por sexo del índice de Bienestar General (WHO-5 WBI). Materiales y métodos: participaron 499 estudiantes universitarios de la ciudad de Trujillo (Perú) de sexo femenino (n = 271) y masculino (n = 228). Se realizó un análisis factorial confirmatorio, confiabilidad por consistencia interna e invarianza factorial por sexo mediante un análisis multigrupo. Resultados: el análisis factorial confirmatorio indicó que el modelo unidimensional de cinco ítems con errores correlacionados de los ítems 1 y 4 presentaba un buen ajuste (χ2 = 9.667 [gl = 4]; p > 0.05; χ2/gl = 2.416; CFI = 0.994; RMSEA = 0.053 [IC90%: 0.006-0.097]; SRMR = 0.018). Además, se reportó una confiabilidad aceptable (ω = 0.758) e invariancia factorial por sexo. Conclusión: el WHO-5 WBI demostró evidencia empírica a favor de la validez basada en la estructura interna, confiabilidad de las puntuaciones e invariancia factorial, que permiten contar con un instrumento útil y rápido para la medición del bienestar subjetivo en estudiantes universitarios.

Job satisfaction is related to better physical and mental health, as well as to factors specifically related to work. In this context, the measurement of work satisfaction is important for organizations that profess an interest in engaged and satisfied workers. Therefore, this study aims to examine the psychometric properties of the Satisfaction with Job Life Scale (SWJLS) in Portuguese workers by combining the procedures of the Classical Test Theory (CTT) and the Item Response Theory (IRT). Specifically, internal structure of the scale was studied, its reliability (consistency), correlations with other measures of wellbeing (life satisfaction, loneliness, emotional wellbeing at work, and job satisfaction) were also estimated, and finally, the sacle waqs tested for gender measurement invariance. Participants were 404 workers, 61% women and 39% men, aged between 18 and 64 years (M = 36.85; SD = 14.50). Confirmatory Factor Analysis indicated that the one-dimensional model of the SWJLS was adequate (Robust χ2(5) = 9.89, p = .078; CFI = .993; RMSEA = .049, 90% CI [.000 - .094]; SRMR = .011.) and had good internal consistency (ω = .947, 95% CI [.936, 956]; α = .947, 95% CI [.935, .955]). Subsequent analyses revealed that the scores of the SWJLS were related to other measures of job satisfaction (r = .742), job-related emotional well-being (r = .628), satisfaction with life (r = .808) and loneliness (r = -.455). Factorial invariance suggests that the structure of the SWJLS measures the same construct (satisfaction with work-life) in both female and male workers. Moreover, IRT analysis suggests that higher levels of work-life satisfaction are needed to choose the upper response options, while a very low level of work-life satisfaction is required to increase the likelihood of choosing the lower response options. In this sense, the SWJLS is useful and reliable, especially for identifying people with low levels of job satisfaction. These findings support the validity of the SWJLS and indicate that the Portuguese version is a brief instrument with good psychometric characteristics for measuring work-life satisfaction.

Objective: The cancer worry is associated with preventive behaviors for the detection of this disease; However, there is no instrument with evidence of validity and reliability to measure this construct in Latin American countries, including Peru. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the evidence of validity based on the internal structure and reliability of the Cancer Worry Scale (CWS) ina sample of people without cancer diagnosis with a family history of cancer. Method: It counted withthe participation of 215 healthy people with a family history of cancer who attended the outpatientservice of two public and private health institutions in the city of Chimbote with an average age of42.10 years (SD = 14.05). For the collection of information, an ad hoc sociodemographic record andthe Cancer Worry Scale were used. Results: The one-dimensional model presented a good fit of the data(SBχ2 (8) = 14.39, SB χ2 / df = 1.79, CFI = 0.991, SRMR = 0.025, RMSEA = 0.061 [IC90%: 0.000-0.111], AIC = 47.701) and adequate reliability (ω corrected = 0.90; IC95%: 0.88-0.92). Conclusion: Itis concluded that the CWS presents adequate psychometric properties, being a measure that providesvalid and reliable interpretations of the cáncer worry in the peruvian context.

The study sought to analyze the evidences of validity, factorial invariance and reliability of the scores of the Jealousy Subscale of the Inventory of Emotional Communication in Romantic Relationships (Sánchez, 2012). To that effect, there was a sample of 1176 Peruvian university students who completed the 11 items of the original version. The confirmatory factor analysis verified a satisfactory adjustment of a final model of nine items in a single factor and correlated errors. It is concluded that the Jealousy scale is a measure that can be used in the professional and research activity, obtaining valid interpretations, reliable and invariant scores according to gender in Peruvian university students.

The aim of the present study was to conduct a bibliometric analysis of the journal Acta Colombiana de Psicología, by virtue of its two decades of uninterrupted work (1998-2017). Initially, historical elements are described in the trajectory of the journal and its chronological evolution is revealed from a database that in its final sample took into account 388 scientific articles. Subsequently, the appraisal of the productivity indices (Lotka) as well as of the topics and methodologies used was carried out. Likewise, an appraisal of the collaboration indicators and the relationships between the authors with respect to the signatory countries was performed. The results highlight the large number of papers from Mexican institutions, a sustained increase in collaboration is visualized -which is evident in the Lawani and Subramanyam indices-, and it is found that the largest amount of papers focused on the areas of clinical and health psychology. The analysis undertaken allows showing what the journal has achieved throughout two decades of scientific work during which it contributed fundamentally to the development of psychology in Latin America.

Introduction: In recent years, satisfaction with life has aroused the interest of gerontological research, thus being one of the most used concepts to measure subjective well-being, in addition to being an indicator of successful ageing. Materials and methods: The psychometric properties of the Diener’s Satisfaction with Life Scale were assessed in Peruvian elderly individuals. The instrument was applied to 236 elderly from the city of Trujillo (78.4 % female and 21.6 % male), with an average age of 72.8 years old, and their de = 6.90 (Standard Differentiation, by its initials in Spanish). In order to obtain convergent and discriminant validity, the tests Single Item of Satisfaction with Life Scale, Brief Resilient Coping Scale and the Geriatric Depression Scale were conducted. Results: The Satisfaction with Life Scale shows a one-dimensional structure (χ2 = 10.960, DF = 5, p = .05, χ2/DF = 2.192, GFI = .983, CFI = .994, NFI = .988; RMSEA = .071 [CI 90 % .000, .129]; and SMRM = .013), presenting positive correlations with resilience and negative correlations with depression. Moreover, it presents a high reliability index estimated by the method of internal consistency with the Cronbach’s Alpha Test (α = .93), Omega coefficient (ω = .93; ci 95%: .92 -.95) and GIB = .94. Conclusion: For purposes of research —among other—, we recommend the use of the Diener’s Satisfaction with Life Scale for Peruvian elderly persons.

Este artículo validó la Escala de Perfeccionismo Infantil (EPI) de Oros en una población infantil peruana. Se contó con la participación de 1084 niños con edades comprendidas entre los 7 y 12 años (M = 9.75; DE = 1.23) de siete instituciones educativas, privadas y públicas. El Análisis Factorial Exploratorio reveló una escala bidimensional oblicua (Reacción ante el fracaso y Autodemandas); no obstante, tres ítems tuvieron una carga < .30. El Análisis Factorial Confirmatorio corroboró la estructura bidimensional oblicua con la salvedad de errores correlacionados. La fiabilidad fue estimada mediante el coeficiente Omega (ω = .810). Se concluye que la EPI cuenta con evidencia de validez y fiabilidad de las puntuaciones.

La resiliencia es comprendida como el dominio de recursos personales y factores contextuales que permiten un afrontamiento exitoso y el logro de una adaptación positiva ante los diferentes estresores que aparecen a lo largo de la vida, siendo así importante dentro del proceso de envejecimiento saludable y exitoso. En la actualidad se han desarrollado instrumentos breves para la medición de la resiliencia como la escala breve de resiliencia (BRCS - Brief Resilient Coping Scale) que evalúa la capacidad de los individuos para hacer frente al estrés de manera adaptativa. En este sentido, el estudio ofrece evidencia de validez y fiabilidad de la BRCS en adultos mayores no institucionalizados peruanos. Se contó con la participación de 236 adultos mayores con una edad promedio de 72.8 años (DT = 6.90) de los cuales el 78.4% eran mujeres y el 21.6% hombres, quienes respondieron la versión en español del BRCS y otras escalas para medir la satisfacción con la vida, humor como afrontamiento y depresión. Mediante el análisis factorial confirmatorio se corrobora la estructura unidimensional de la BRCS. Los coeficientes de consistencia interna alfa de Cronbach y omega indicaron una adecuada fiabilidad de la BRCS. Tanto los índices de ajuste del modelo como los valores de los coeficientes de fiabilidad fueron mejores en comparación con los reportados en la literatura. La BRCS mostró una correlación positiva significativa con la satisfacción con la vida y el humor como afrontamiento (p < .01). Asimismo, se observó una correlación negativa significativa con depresión (p < .01). Los resultados muestran que la BRCS cuenta con evidencias de validez y fiabilidad que avala su empleo como medida breve de la resiliencia en adultos mayores peruanos.