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Gaseous oil fume is complex in composition and contains a large number of harmful volatile organic compounds (VOCs), which are one of the major pollutants in indoor air and also the major source of oil fume odor, with aldehydes accounting for the major proportion. This paper reviews the formation and composition of cooking oil fume, the hazards of and the detection methods for volatile aldehydes in cooking oil fume, and the factors influencing their formation. It also summarizes the current techniques to control the formation of aldehydes in cooking oil fume to provide a theoretical basis for the scientific regulation of aldehydes pollution from cooking oil fume.

Abstract Breeding rapeseed varieties with more main inflorescence siliques is an idea for developing rapeseed varieties that are suitable for light and simplified cultivation. The Brassica napus exhibited cluster bud of the main inflorescence (Bnclib) gene. At the fruiting stage, the main inflorescence had more siliques, higher density, and more main inflorescences. Moreover, the top of the main inflorescence bifurcated. Genetic analysis showed that the separation ratio between Bnclib and the wild type in the F2 generation was 3:1, which indicated that the trait was a single-gene-dominant inheritance. Among the 24 candidate genes, only one gene, BnaA03g53930D, showed differential expression between the groups (False discovery rate, FDR ≤ 0.05, |log2FC|≤ 1). qPCR verification of the BnaA03g53930D gene between Huyou 17 and its Bnclib near-isogenic line showed that BnaA03g53930D was significantly differentially expressed in the stem tissue of Huyou 17 and its Bnclib near-isogenic line (Bnclib NIL). The determination of gibberellin (GA), brassinolide (BR), cytokinin (CTK), jasmonic acid (JA), growth hormone (IAA), and strigolactone (SL) content in the shoot apex of Huyou 17 by Bnclib NIL and wild type showed that all six hormones significantly differed between the Bnclib NIL and Huyou 17. It is necessary to conduct further research on the interactions between JA and the other five hormones and the main inflorescence bud clustering in B. napus.

Identifying prostate cancer patients who may respond well to PARP inhibitors is important for their success in the clinic. Here, using a genome-wide CRISPR-Cas9 knockout screen, the authors identify MMS22L as a biomarker for sensitivity to PARP inhibition in BRCA1/2-proficient prostate cancer.

In this paper, we present some characterizations of the $LM$-fuzzy interior operator, the $LM$-fuzzy closure operator, $LM$-fuzzy semiopen operator and $LM$-fuzzy preopen operator in an $LM$-fuzzy topological space. Based on them, we introcuced the notions of $LM$-fuzzy regularly open operators and $LM$-fuzzy regularly closed operators and show that these kinds of openness degrees are di erent from those de ned by level $L$-topology.

In this manuscript, we induced several vivid common fixed point theorems for four maps in the setting of complete multiplicative $ {G_{\boldsymbol{M}}}- $metric space via various contractive conditions such as $ \Delta $-implicit contractions. Some new definitions and results are introduced in multiplicative $ {G_{\boldsymbol{M}}}- $ metric space.Moreover, illustrative examples are given to validate our obtained results and an application to a system of nonlinear integral equations are provided to show the novelty of our new results.

MicroRNA (miRNA) has vital regulatory effects on the proliferation, differentiation and secretion of ovarian granulosa cells, but the role of miR-99a-5p in goat ovarian granulosa cells (GCs) is unclear. Both miR-99a-5p and Frizzled-5 (FZD5) were found to be expressed in GCs in goat ovaries via fluorescence in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry, respectively, and FZD5 was verified (P

In our previous work, a microbial consortium GF-20 (Qinggeer et al., 2016) was enriched from compost habitats and adapted to efficiently and stably degrade corn stover under low temperatures. While the main microorganism and degradation-related functions and degradation-related coding enzyme genes of GF-20 were not clear. Therefore, the current study used the metagenomic to decipher the systematic and functional contexts within such microbial consortium under low temperatures. The results showed that the dominant functional microbials in GF-20 consortium were bacteria. The dominant phylums in GF-20 consortium were Proteobacteria (62.84%) and Bacteroidetes (10.24%). The dominant genus was Pseudomonas (50.84%), followed by Dysgonomonas (5.86%), Achromobacter (4.94%), Stenotrophomonas (3.67%) and Flavobacterium (2.04%). The metabolism was mainly composed of carbohydrate metabolism and amino acid metabolism, and included signal transduction, cell transport and other metabolic modes. The functional genes encoded were mainly distributed in glycosidolytic enzyme genes, and the functional enzymes were β-glucosidase, acetyl-CoA, pyruvate dehydrogenase and galactosidase. The GF-20 microbial consortium degraded the cellulose in corn stover primarily by β-glucosidase and endoglucanase, which were produced by 12 genera of microorganisms. The hemicellulose synergistic effect was produced by 15 genera of microorganisms including xylanase, xyloglucanase, mannolanase and branching enzyme.

Objectives: Seeking a noninvasive predictor for BRAF V600E mutation status of pleomorphic xanthoastrocytomas (PXAs) is essential for their prognoses and therapeutic use of BRAF inhibitors. We aimed to noninvasively diagnose BRAF V600E-mutated PXAs using MRI morphologic, DWI and clinical parameters. Methods: The clinical findings, anatomical MRI characteristics, and diffusion parameters of 36 pathologically confirmed PXAs were retrospectively analyzed, and BRAF V600E-mutated (n = 16) and wild-type (n = 20) groups were compared. A binary logistic-regression analysis was performed, and a ROC curve was calculated to determine the independent predictors of BRAF V600E mutation status, diagnostic accuracy, and optimal cut-off value. Results: A comparison of findings between groups showed that BRAF V600E-mutated PXAs were more frequent in children and young adults (≤ 35 years; P = 0.042) who often had histories of seizures (P = 0.004). Furthermore, BRAF V600E-mutated PXAs generally presented as solitary masses (P = 0.024), superficial locations with meningeal attachment (P < 0.001), predominantly cystic with mural nodules (P = 0.005), and had greater minimal ADC ratio (ADCratio) values of the tumor and peritumoral edema (P < 0.001). Binary logistic regression showed that age ≤ 35 years, solitary mass, superficial locations with meningeal attachment, and a greater minimal ADCratio of the tumor were independent predictors of BRAF V600E-mutated PXAs. The combination of all four independent predictors resulted in the highest sensitivity (100%) and specificity (90%), with AUC = 0.984. Conclusion: The BRAF V600E mutation status of PXAs could be noninvasively predicted using clinical and MRI characteristics. Critical relevance statement: The noninvasive diagnostic criteria for BRAF V600E-mutated PXAs could offer guidance for the administration of BRAF V600E mutation inhibitors in the future. Key points: 1. The relevant features of PXAs were analyzed according to BRAF V600E mutation status. 2. The BRAF V600E mutation status of PXAs can be accurately and noninvasively predicted. 3. The result can provide guidance for the administration of BRAF V600E mutation inhibitors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]