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International audience; Every winter, respiratory viruses put most Emergency Departments (ED) around the world under intense pressure. To reduce the consequent stress for hospitals, anticipation of the massive increase of intakes for illness-based symptoms is essential. As the Covid-19 2020 pandemic clearly illustrates, patients are not systematically tested. The ED staff therefore has no real-time knowledge of the presence of the virus in the patients flow. To address this issue, we propose here to use the hospital's laboratory-confirmed database as an attractor for the manifold-based approach for clustering the clinical codes associated with respiratory viruses. We propose a new framework based on the embedding of time series onto the Stiefel manifold, coupled with a density-based clustering algorithm (HDBSCAN) enhanced by a reduction of dimension (UMAP) for the clustering on that manifold. In particular, we show, based on real data sets of two academic hospitals in France, the significant benefits of using geometrical approaches for time series clustering as compared to traditional methods.

We consider a class of Markov Decision Processes frequently employed to model queueing and inventory control problems. For these problems, we explore how changes in different system input parameters (transition rates, costs, discount rates etc.) affect the optimal cost and the optimal policy when the state space of the problem is multidimensional. To address a large class of problems, we introduce two generic dynamic programming operators to model different types of controlled events. For these operators, we derive sufficient conditions to propagate monotonicity and supermodularity properties of the value function. These properties allow to predict how changes in system input parameters affect the optimal cost and policy. Finally, we explore the case when several parameters are changed at the same time. The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/opre.2017.1600 .

The humanity has always learned from the previous experiences for many reasons. The national heritage proves to be a great way to discover a nation's history. As a result, these priceless cultural items have a special attention. However, Since the wide adoption of new digital technologies, documenting, storing, and exhibiting cultural heritage assets became more affordable and reliable. These digital records are then used in several applications. Researchers saw the opportunity to use digital heritage recordings for long-term preservation. In this paper, we present the research progress in cultural heritage digital processing and preservation, highlighting the most impactful advances. Additionally, we present the CEPROQHA project which is based on a new approach aiming at achieving cost-effective acquisition and digital preservation for cultural heritage artifacts in Qatar. - 2017 IEEE. CEPROQHA3 is a cooperative research project between Qatar University and Brunel University, London, funded by the Qatar National Research Fund (QNRF) under the National Priorities Research Program(NPRP) 9th cycle. The project goal. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This publication was made possible by NPRP grant 9-181-1-036 from the Qatar National Research Fund (a member of Qatar Foundation). The statements made herein are solely the responsibility of the authors. Scopus

In this paper, we study a paratransit application in which children are transported every day from their homes to their special schools or medical-social establishments. To optimize this transportation system, the establishments collaborate to propose a joint transportation plan. We propose a new algorithm to jointly build vehicle routes that visit several establishments and simultaneously set the establishments’ opening hours. This algorithm combines a large neighborhood search, the resolution of a route-based model, and the progressive shrinkage of the planning window. It is applied to a real case from the area of Lyon in France, including 34 schools and 575 heterogeneous users served by a heterogeneous fleet of reconfigurable vehicles. On average, we show that in addition to the 10% of saving that can be expected by sharing vehicle routes between schools, 7% of additional savings can be achieved by school bell adjustment. This cost saving also decreases average user ride times and the number of vehicles required, creating longer routes that are more attractive for driver services. Funding: This work was supported by the European Union through the European Regional Development Fund [Grant RA0012500] and by the French Région Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes through the NOMAd project. Supplemental Material: The online appendices are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/trsc.2022.1160 .

International audience; The monitoring and the surveillance of industrial and agricultural sites have become first order tasks mainly for security or the safety reasons. The main issues of this activity is tied to the size of the sites and to their accessibility. Thus, it seems nowadays relevant to tackle with this problem with robots, which can detect potential issues with a low operational cost. To that purpose, in addition to individual patrolling behavior, robots need coordination schemes. The goal of this paper is to explore the possibility of using interference fringes and waves properties in a virtual environment to tackle with the longitudinal distance regulation in the platoon control issue. The proposed model, based on a multi-agent paradigm, is considering each vehicle as an agent wave generator in the virtual environment.

International audience; This book highlights cutting-edge research in the field of network science, offering scientists, researchers, students and practitioners a unique update on the latest advances in theory and a multitude of applications. It presents the peer-reviewed proceedings of the VI International Conference on Complex Networks and their Applications (COMPLEX NETWORKS 2017), which took place in Lyon on November 29 – December 1, 2017. The carefully selected papers cover a wide range of theoretical topics such as network models and measures; community structure, network dynamics; diffusion, epidemics and spreading processes; resilience and control as well as all the main network applications, including social and political networks; networks in finance and economics; biological and ecological networks and technological networks.

Cultural heritage encompasses various aspects of a nation's history. Cultural heritage artifacts are considered as priceless items that need special care. Since the wide adoption of new digital technologies, documenting and storing cultural heritage assets became more affordable and reliable. These records are then used in several applications. Researchers saw the opportunity to use digital heritage recordings for long-term preservation. They are considering cultural heritage artifacts as products, and the history behind them as a product lifecycle. In this paper, we present the research progress in cultural heritage digital processing and preservation, highlighting the most impactful advances. Additionally, we present the CEPROQHA project which is a new approach aiming at achieving cost-effective acquisition and digital preservation for cultural heritage artifacts in Qatar. IFIP International Federation for Information Processing 2017. Acknowledgement. This publication was made possible by NPRP grant 9-181-1-036 from the Qatar National Research Fund (a member of Qatar Foundation). The statements made herein are solely the responsibility of the authors. Scopus

International audience; Development of intelligent behaviors for vehicles has to cope with rigorous specifications. Many tests are performed for verification, validation and a detailed study of resulting behaviors. In this workflow, testing algorithms with real vehicles is a cornerstone step in developing new intelligent features for future transportation systems. This step requires a lot of experiments before efficiently set up embedded autonomous systems. However, the development of such tests is not linear and it highly depends on external variable factors (weather, hardware or software issues, etc.). To overcome these issues, it is possible to carry out a first series of validation under a simulation framework. In this paper, we describe a simulation platform called VIPS (Vehicles In Platoon Simulator), which provides a virtual environment designed to test and validate platoon control approaches, as close as possible to reality, before bringing them in the real vehicle system. Among the features provided by the simulator, one main contribution is the direct matching between perception and control of both real and virtual vehicles. Moreover, VIPS is also able to deal with perturbations, which are dynamically added to running scenarios so as to reproduce real world conditions. Simulation results in the context of platoon control systems show the benefits of the proposed simulation framework.

International audience

The most recent revolution in industry (Industrial Revolution 4.0) requires increased flexibility, agility and efficiency in the use of production equipment. Dynamic Cellular Manufacturing System (DCMS) is one of the best production systems to meet such requirements. In addition, the increasing importance of sustainable development forces manufacturers and managers to take account of the environmental and social issues in the design and configuration of manufacturing systems. This thesis focuses on the sustainable configuration of DCMS by proposing three mathematical models. The main challenge of this study is to (i) choose appropriate social and environmental criteria, (ii) integrate them in mathematical models, and (iii) study the impact of these criteria on DCMS. The first model is bi-objective in order to make a trade-off between some social (job opportunity, potential machine hazards, etc.) and economic (various costs related to cell formation) criteria. To get closer to real-life situations, some parameters such as demand, machine-related costs and time capacity of the machines are considered as uncertain. To solve this problem, a robust optimization method is applied to cope with this uncertainty. In the second model, all dimensions of sustainable development are taken into account in a new bi-objective mathematical model. The first objective function models economic criteria (costs) and the second one environmental aspects (production waste), while social issues (mainly Daily Noise Dosage because of computational complexity) are modeled as constraints. Due to the NP-hardness of the problem, a new innovative approach called NSGA II-MOSA is proposed. The last model has three objective functions, one for each dimension of the sustainable development: environmental, social and economic. In order to be close to real life, some parameters of the model are expressed in terms of fuzzy value. We propose a hybridized possibilistic method to deal with uncertainty and an interactive fuzzy approach is considered to solve an auxiliary crisp multi-objective model in order to find trade-off solutions. Finally, the last part of the thesis studies the possibility to apply the three proposed models to the industry thanks to an easier method. A novel optimization-simulation approach is introduced to deal with the configuration of DCMS: (i) the optimization phase operates as scenario fraction method in order to reduce the number of alternative configurations by focusing on strategic and tactical levels; (ii) next, a simulation tool investigates the operational level by studying the performance of each alternative and the interaction between several components of the cells., La révolution la plus récente dans l'industrie (révolution industrielle 4.0) nécessite une plus grande flexibilité, agilité et efficacité dans l'utilisation des équipements de production. Le système manufacturier cellulaire dynamique (DCMS) est l'un des meilleurs systèmes de production qui répondent à ces exigences. En outre, l'importance croissante du développement durable force les fabricants et les gestionnaires à prendre en compte les enjeux environnementaux et sociaux dans la conception et la configuration des systèmes de fabrication. Cette thèse porte sur la configuration durable des DCMS en proposant trois modèles mathématiques. Le plus grand challenge de cette étude est (i) de choisir des critères sociaux et environnementaux appropriés, (ii) de les intégrer dans des modèles mathématiques et (iii) d'étudier l'impact de ces critères sur des DCMS. Le premier modèle est bi-objectif afin de faire un compromis entre certains critères sociaux (offres d'emplois, risques de la machine, etc.) et économiques (divers coûts liés à la formation de cellules). Pour être plus proche de situations de la vie réelle, certains paramètres tels que la demande, les coûts liés aux machines et la capacité en temps des machines sont considérés comme incertains. Pour résoudre ce problème, une méthode d'optimisation robuste est appliquée pour faire face à cette incertitude. Dans le deuxième modèle, toutes les dimensions du développement durable sont prises en compte dans le modèle mathématique bi-objectif proposé. La première fonction objectif modélise des critères économiques (coûts) et la seconde des aspects environnementaux (déchets de production), tandis que certaines contraintes représentent des questions sociales (principalement le « Daily Noise » à cause de la complexité de calcul). En raison de la NP-difficulté du problème, une nouvelle approche novatrice appelée NSGA II-MOSA est proposée. Le troisième modèle proposé a trois fonctions objectif, une pour chaque type d’enjeux : environnemental, social et économique. Afin d'être proche de la vie réelle, certains paramètres du modèle sont exprimés en termes de valeur floue. Nous proposons une méthode possibiliste hybride pour faire face à l'incertitude et une approche floue interactive est considérée pour résoudre un modèle multi-objectif déterministe pour des solutions de compromis. Enfin, la dernière partie de la thèse étudie la possibilité d'appliquer les trois modèles proposés à l’industrie grâce à une méthode plus facile. Une approche d'optimisation-simulation innovante est introduite pour faire face à la configuration de DCMS : (i) La phase d'optimisation fonctionne comme méthode de fractionnement de scénarii pour réduire le nombre de configurations alternatives en se concentrant sur les niveaux stratégique et tactique. (ii) Ensuite, un outil de simulation détaille le niveau opérationnel en étudiant la performance de chaque alternative et l'interaction entre plusieurs composants de cellules.

International audience; Objective evaluation of community detection algorithms is a strategic issue. Indeed, we need to verify that the communities identified are actually the good ones. Moreover, it is necessary to compare results between two distinct algorithms to determine which is most effective. Classically, validations rely on clustering comparison measures or on quality metrics. Although, various traditional performance measures are used extensively. It appears very clearly that they cannot distinguish community structures with different topological properties. It is therefore necessary to propose an alternative methodology more sensitive to the community structure variations in order to conduct more effective comparisons. In this paper, we present a framework to tackle this challenge through a comprehensive analysis of the community structure of overlapping community structured networks. We illustrate our approach with an experimental analysis of a real-world network with a ground-truth community structure that we compare with the output of eight different overlapping community detection procedures, representative of categories of popular algorithms available in the literature. The results allow a better understanding of their behavior. Furthermore, they demonstrate that more emphasis should be put on the topology of the uncovered community structure in order to evaluate the effectiveness of community detection algorithms.

International audience; YouTube is the largest video-sharing social network where users (aka channels) can create links to any other users. Moreover, initially, users were allowed to create and join special groups of interest. Therefore, two types of online social networks can be defined. First, a user network where the nodes represent the users and the edges represent the social ties (friendship) between users. Second, a group network where the nodes represent the groups and the edges represent the social ties between groups, due to shared users. As the group network can be apprehended as the ground-truth overlapping community graph (where the nodes are the discovered communities and the links represent the overlap between the communities) of the user network, it is of prime interest to analyze and compare their topological structure. In this paper, we report the results of an extensive comparative evaluation of various macroscopic topological properties of both networks based on data from over one million users. Additionally, the community structure of the networks are uncovered using an overlapping community detection algorithm and the relationship between their community structure is investigated. The results of this study allow a better understanding of the relations between the mesoscopic and the macroscopic properties of online social networks, both from a topological and a functional point of view.

We focus on the maximum number of minimal transversals in 3-partite 3-uniform hypergraphs on n vertices. Those hypergraphs (and their minimal transversals) are commonly found in database applications. In this paper we prove that this number grows at least like 1.4977^n and at most like 1.5012^n.

Warehouses are nowadays the scene of complex logistic problems integrating different decision layers. This paper addresses the Joint Order Batching, Picker Routing and Sequencing Problem with Deadlines (JOBPRSP-D) in rectangular warehouses. To tackle the problem an exponential linear programming formulation is proposed. It is solved with a column generation heuristic able to provide valid lower and upper bounds on the optimal value. We start by showing that the JOBPRSP-D is related to the bin packing problem rather than the scheduling problem. We take advantage of this aspect to derive a number of valid inequalities that enhance the resolution of the master problem. The proposed algorithm is evaluated on publicly available data-sets. It is able to optimally solve instances with up to 18 orders in few minutes. It is also able to prove optimality or to provide high-quality lower bounds on larger instances with 100 orders. To the best of our knowledge this is the first paper that provides optimality guarantee on large size instances for the JOBPRSP-D, thus the results can be used to assert the quality of heuristics proposed for the same problem.

International audience; The challenge of this paper is to underline the capability of an Event-Cloud Platform to support efficiently an emergency situation. We chose to focus on a nuclear crisis use case. The proposed approach consists in modeling the business processes of crisis response on the one hand, and in supporting the orchestration and execution of these processes by using an Event-Cloud Platform on the other hand. This paper shows how the use of Event-Cloud techniques can support crisis management stakeholders by automatizing non-value added tasks and by directing decision- makers on what really requires their capabilities of choice. If Event-Cloud technology is a very interesting and topical subject, very few research works have considered this to improve emergency management. This paper tries to fill this gap by considering and applying these technologies on a nuclear crisis use-case.

This thesis is devoted to optimize the health care logistics which can support emergency management plans to reduce the impacts of natural and/or man-made disasters. After the review of relevant papers, two main gaps have been found in the current studies. One is that most of the researches are not based on real cases. The other is that some main characteristics of disasters are neglected when disasters are studied. Therefore, based on real case scenarios, the thesis studies different disasters (natural and/or man-made disasters) separately according to the characteristics of disasters. Natural disasters may be predicted but are difficult to avoid. Therefore, the evacuation of potential victims and the dimensioning of relief resources are crucially important. A three-step approach is proposed to study the resource dimensioning and the organization of emergency management plan (French White Plan) facing natural disasters. In our three-step approach, the first step builds a framework model to get the insights of emergency management plan clearly. The second step establishes a global model (a linear model) to predict the quantity of required resources for evacuation. The third step proposes a detailed simulation model to reflect the real world more precisely. The hospital evacuation under the guidance of a French Extended White Plan in case of a flood has been taken as a real case scenario to test the correctness of our approach. The man-made disasters and the outbreak of diseases can be large-scale disasters which require a high demand of resources. In this thesis, a model for logistics response to bioterrorist attack with a non-contagious agent and another model for the logistics response to epidemics have been proposed. Multi-period and multi-echelon inventory management problems have been studied. The two models (a linear model and a non linear model respectively) combine the main characteristics of disasters: the propagation of the disease, the relevant medical interventions and the logistics deployment together. The number of patients in different disease stages and the required medical resources for each period can be estimated. The factors affecting the number of deaths and the different medical intervention policies can also be evaluated with the two models. With the help of the models, the decision makers can get an idea of the disaster situation and the relevant medical responses from a strategy level. A logistics response to an anonymous bioterrorist attack with anthrax to a shopping center and the logistics response to the outbreak of H5N1 are taken as real case scenarios to test the effectiveness of the models respectively.; Cette thèse est consacrée à l'optimisation de la logistique sanitaire pour soutenir les plans de gestion de crise afin de réduire les effets des catastrophes naturelles et/ou humaines en termes de santé publique. Les catastrophes naturelles peuvent être prédites, mais elles sont difficiles à éviter. Par conséquence, la prise en charge des victimes potentielles et le dimensionnement des moyens logistiques de secours y afférent sont d'une importance cruciale. Une approche analytique en trois étapes est proposée afin d'étudier le dimensionnement des ressources et l'organisation des plans de gestion de crise (plan blanc) d’origine naturelle. La première étape propose un modèle de référence pour concevoir un plan de gestion de crise. La deuxième étape considère un modèle d’optimisation linéaire pour prédire le nombre de ressources nécessaires. La dernière étape présente un modèle dynamique pour simuler l'ensemble de l’organisation de manière fine. L'évacuation d’un hôpital dans le cadre d’un plan blanc étendu à plusieurs hôpitaux pour faire face à un tsunami fluvial a été considérée comme scénario pour évaluer la justesse de notre approche. Les catastrophes d'origine humaine et la propagation des maladies peuvent donner lieu à des désastres de grande ampleur qui mobilisent de nombreuses ressources humaines et matérielles. Par exemple, un modèle de réponse logistique face à une attaque bioterroriste avec un agent non-contagieux ainsi qu’un modèle pour la réponse logistique aux épidémies ont été proposés. Elles traduisent un problème de gestion d’inventaire multi-échelons et multi-périodes. Ces deux modèles dynamiques de flux requièrent une optimisation linéaire et une optimisation non-linéaire respectivement. Ils intègrent les caractéristiques de la gestion de ces catastrophes: la propagation de l’infection ou de la maladie, les réponses médicales appropriées et le déploiement de la logistique associée. Avec ces deux modèles, le nombre de patients aux différents stades de la maladie et le nombre des ressources médicales nécessaires pour chaque période peuvent être calculés. Les facteurs qui influent sur le nombre de décès et l’efficience des différentes politiques d'intervention médicale, peuvent également être évalués. Les deux modèles peuvent ainsi aider les décideurs à prévoir les conséquences de la situation en cas de catastrophe ainsi que de connaître les informations d'une réponse pertinente, ceci à un niveau stratégique. Une réponse logistique à une attaque bioterroriste anonyme à l'anthrax dans un centre commercial et une réponse logistique à une pandémie H5N1 sont pris comme scénarios pour tester l'efficacité des modèles correspondants.

Industrial innovation aims towards more complex Mecatronics products which combine multidisciplinary domains. The design process of these products leans on several multi-business. The creation of components' facets requires the use of specialized tools. However there is no real global integration within the information system allowing an integrated management of various know-how and fields of expertise, in spite of capabilities certain systems as PLM. This work presents a generic resolution method. The object of this paper is to present a global approach for the integration of Mecatronics systems into a PLM system using a specific modeling. The first implementation tests within Windchill PLM system shows that it was possible to integrate with a semantic structure, links between multidisciplinary business objects., L’innovation industrielle tend vers des produits de plus en plus complexes de type mécatronique qui combine des domaines pluridisciplinaires. Les processus de conception de ces produits fait appel aux compétences d’acteurs issus des différents métiers et la création des différentes facettes des constituants nécessite l’utilisation d’outils spécialisés; pour autant il n’existe pas de véritable intégration globale au sein du système d'information permettant une gestion intégrée des différents savoir-faire et domaines de compétence malgré la capacité de certains systèmes comme le PLM. Ce travail présente une méthode de résolution générique. L'objet du présent document est de définir une approche globale pour l'intégration des données des systèmes mécatroniques dans un système PLM en utilisant une modélisation spécifique basé sur la caractérisation du cycle de vie et l'utilisation de SysML. Les premiers essais d’implémentation au sein du PLM Windchill, nous ont permis de valider qu’il était possible d’intégrer, avec une structure sémantique, des liens entre des objets métiers pluridisciplinaires.

Improving the performance of medico-social sector requires management tools capable of quickly and synthetically provide a clear and quantified view of activities towards the users. Unfortunally, today does not exist a satisfactory tools to control activities in each structure, as neither at the level of the managing organization. The object of the research work is to develop tools to aid management and monitoring of activities in the medico-social sector in order to improve the current vision of the medico-social sector too compartmentalized. Closely related to Ressourcial (former information system department of OVE Foundation), this work is part of a CIFRE thesis and is one of the first theses of engineering sciences that address to organizational problems in the medical-social sector. The first scientific challenge of this research is to propose a formal and structured approach to monitoring activities in these institutions. The proposed approach should be able to realize a typology of activities in a very broad spectrum; activities performed by institutions with operating modes, and business cultures, highly heterogeneous. On this aspect, the scientist lock of this work is that the aggregation on the same model, intrinsically heterogeneous operating modes. The second scientific challenge of this thesis is the development of innovative approaches for analyzing these monitoring data and to aid management of these structures from the same data., L’amélioration de la performance du secteur médico-social nécessite des outils de pilotage aptes à donner rapidement et de façon synthétique une vision claire et quantifiée des activités réalisées en direction des usagers. Or, il n’existe pas aujourd’hui d’outils satisfaisants permettant un pilotage des activités au niveau de chaque structure, mais également au niveau de l'organisme gestionnaire. L’objet du travail de recherche est de concevoir des outils pour l’aide au pilotage et au suivi des activités dans le secteur médico-social permettant d’améliorer la vision actuelle du secteur médico-social trop cloisonné. En relation étroite avec Ressourcial (ancien département du système d’information de la Fondation OVE), ce travail s’inscrit dans le cadre d’une thèse CIFRE et constitue l'une des premières thèses des sciences de l'ingénieur qui s'attaquent aux problèmes d'organisation dans le secteur médico-social. Le premier enjeu scientifique de cette recherche est de proposer une démarche formelle et structurée de suivi des activités réalisées dans ces établissements. L’approche proposée devra être capable de rendre compte d’une typologie d’activités au spectre très large ; activités réalisées par des établissements ayant des modes de fonctionnements, et des cultures métiers, fortement hétérogènes. Sur ce volet, le verrou scientifique de ce travail est celui l’agrégation sur un même modèle, de modes de fonctionnement intrinsèquement hétérogènes. Le second enjeu scientifique de cette thèse est celui du développement d’approches innovantes pour l’analyse de ces données de suivi et pour l’aide au management de ces structures à partir de ces mêmes données.

Community structure is one of the key properties of real-world complex networks. It plays a crucial role in their behaviors and topology. While an important work has been done on the issue of community detection, very little attention has been devoted to the analysis of the community structure. In this paper, we present an extensive investigation of the overlapping community network deduced from a large-scale co-authorship network. The nodes of the overlapping community network represent the functional communities of the co-authorship network, and the links account for the fact that communities share some nodes in the co-authorship network. The comparative evaluation of the topological properties of these two networks shows that they share similar topological properties. These results are very interesting. Indeed, the network of communities seems to be a good representative of the original co-authorship network. With its smaller size, it may be more practical in order to realize various analyses that cannot be performed easily in large-scale real-world networks., Comment: 2014 7th International Conference on u- and e- Service, Science and Technology

International audience; Organizations’ business processes need to be adapted in response to changing internal and external environments, which are becoming increasingly complex. We target in this research work the exploitation of a software capability profile based on requirements engineering and enterprise architecture to respond to stakeholder requirements and efficiently reuse existing technical solutions. We propose in this work an exploitation methodology based on the alignment of enterprise architecture actions with a requirement engineering process. These latter evolve together helping to investigate the highest compatibility of the desired functionalities and their related constraints. Our contribution aims to produce a ready-to-use application based on the defined requirements and the selected software capability profiles for accelerating business application development. Implementation and a case study are proposed to demonstrate the effectiveness of this approach.

International audience; The work presented in this paper is part of a project which focuses on capitalization and reuse of power models used at Intel to calculate power consumption of electronic devices. These models are analytical and created using an application called IDPA (Intel® Docea™ Power Analytics). Hundreds of thousands of power models have been accumulated in a directory of files and folders, for the simulation of the consumption of thousands of products. The objective of this work is to group together the models that have been used for the same product, or the same family of products, for example a generation of processors. This notion of project is not present in the current version of the application, and we want to use clustering techniques to make proposals to users wishing to reuse groups of models already present in IDPA database, for example to design the next generation from the current one. To do that, agglomerative hierarchical clustering is used. Three features are considered to calculate the distance between files in which power models are stored: low delay between files' edition times, similarity of files' names and closeness in filesystem. Hence, we build a tool that can help architects to automatically group their power models into working projects. The proposition made by the algorithm can be refined by an expert or can be directly used by novice users to get an idea on a project on which they have no prior knowledge.

Warehouses are nowadays the scene of complex logistic problems integrating different decision layers. This paper addresses the Joint Order Batching, Picker Routing and Sequencing Problem with Deadlines (JOBPRSP-D) in rectangular warehouses. To tackle the problem an exponential linear programming formulation is proposed. It is solved with a column generation heuristic able to provide valid lower and upper bounds on the optimal value. We start by showing that the JOBPRSP-D is related to the bin packing problem rather than the scheduling problem. We take advantage of this aspect to derive a number of valid inequalities that enhance the resolution of the master problem. The proposed algorithm is evaluated on publicly available data-sets. It is able to optimally solve instances with up to 18 orders in few minutes. It is also able to prove optimality or to provide high-quality lower bounds on larger instances with 100 orders. To the best of our knowledge this is the first paper that provides optimality guarantee on large size instances for the JOBPRSP-D, thus the results can be used to assert the quality of heuristics proposed for the same problem.

International audience

International audience; Higher education internationalization can play a major role in developing universities and students' capacities and their opportunities broadly throughout the world. Irrespective of contextual differences within and between countries, nearly all higher education institutions worldwide are engaged in international activities and are seeking to expand them. Engaging with the world is now considered part of the definition of quality in education and research. However, with the current crisis, possible tensions and counter reactions to the development of the internationalization can occur, such as an imminent resistance to a supposed denationalizing effect of internationalization, and related to that the possible development of a new form of local and regional identity, and the increasing influence of competition and market processes as driving factors in internationalization. In this paper we highlight a specific internationalization case study between Europe and South East Asia. We mainly explain the construction process of such historical collaboration, which is the essential element for its sustainability. We open

The aim of this PhD research is to study the impact of the inventory inaccuracy issue on replenishment policies under the wholesaling / e-retailing context. The inventory inaccuracy is defined as a discrepancy between the quantity shown by the Informational System and the quantity actually Physically available for sales. Such discrepancy has as root many sources of errors such as execution, transaction, misplacement, supply unreliability or shrinkage errors. We provide empirical evidence on the wide presence of inventory inaccuracies through one case study of wholesaling organizations. In e-retailing context customers’ demands are remotely satisfied based on the inventory level shown in the information system. The main interest of the research community was about studying the inaccuracy under the retail context. After motivating our research empirically and by the literature review, we develop three inventory frameworks subject to inventory inaccuracies under the wholesaling / e-retailing context with different configurations of the stochastic errors describing the inaccuracy issue. The error configuration could be additive for some sources of inaccuracies such as transaction as well as multiplicative (also known as stochastically proportional) for other sources such as shrinkage. Our first inventory framework aims to extend single-period (Newsvendor) model to the e-retailing/wholesaling context subject to inaccuracy. In Addition, to providing managerial insights, we compare the behavior of the optimal ordering strategies under the additive and the multiplicative error settings. Our second inventory framework is an extension of the former to the case of two selling periods. By solving exactly the two-period problem, we show that the behavior of the optimal ordering quantities is not monotonic, and conclude that a myopic policy could not be optimal. Thanks to a numerical study, we derive some interesting managerial insights about the management of the error risk between the two selling periods. Thanks to the theoretical results of our second inventory framework, we propose a third framework dealing with the inventory inaccuracy issue under a multi-period setting by assuming cost minimizing as a target but also by considering two Cycle Service Level constraints to achieve, the former for the demand satisfaction and the latter for the sales commitment satisfaction. We provide a comprehensive numerical study by comparing several policies as making inspection and RFID deployment., L’objet de cette recherche est la modélisation et l'étude de l'impact de la prise en compte des perturbations et des erreurs sur les politiques de réapprovisionnement pour un e-détaillant. Une des principales incertitudes en gestion de stock est l’écart entre la quantité en stock lue dans le système d’information et la quantité réellement disponible dans le système physique. A travers une étude empirique nous avons montré que l’impact de ce type d’erreurs est important dans le cas du e-détaillant. Dans ce contexte, le système d’information joue le premier rôle dans le processus de satisfaction de la demande puisque c’est sur la confrontation entre la demande du client final et les quantités figurant dans le Système d’Information que repose la promesse de vente. A l’exception de quelques contributions, les perturbations en gestion des stocks ont été principalement étudiées dans le contexte du détaillant. Nous avons étudié l’impact de ces perturbations sur la politique de stockage dans un contexte e-détaillant en faisant l’hypothèse d’une modélisation multiplicative des erreurs afin d’optimiser le profit du e-détaillant, et proposé deux modèles de réapprovisionnement, mono- et deux- périodes. Pour le premier, nous avons proposé une extension du modèle classique de vendeur de journaux au contexte de e-détaillant/fournisseur, avec un processus de demande sujet à des perturbations. Une étude analytique nous a permis de comparer l’impact de deux types de modélisation des erreurs, additive et multiplicative. Le deuxième modèle est une extension du premier au cas deux périodes. Avec sa résolution exacte, nous avons démontré que le comportement des quantités optimales était non monotone et qu’une politique myopique n’est pas optimale pour le cas multi-périodes. Grace à une étude numérique nous avons pu proposer des recommandations pour les managers, quant aux quantités à commander pour les deux périodes. Un troisième modèle de réapprovisionnement étudie l’impact des perturbations pour un problème multi-périodes avec minimisation des coûts et en considérant deux taux de service à atteindre, l’un sur la satisfaction des demandes et l’autre sur la satisfaction des ventes. Dans ce contexte, nous avons étudié et discuté plusieurs stratégies d’alignement dont réalisation d’inventaires et déploiement de technologie RFID.

The development and application of inventory models for deteriorating items is one of the main concerns of the experts in the domain, since the number and variety of deteriorating products are dramatically increasing. One of the major gaps in the deteriorating inventories literature is that researchers have not paid enough attention to two important features in their models: i) Considering stochastic conditions; especially stochastic lead time is almost overlooked since makes the mathematical challenges complicated, ii) designing innovative inventory policies by taking into account the environmental issues and particularly the CO2 emission as a new objective in a multi-objective framework that is quite new. In this thesis, we study replenishment policy for deteriorating products under stochastic conditions in form of three different problem areas. In the first one, we develop a continuous (r,Q) inventory model for a retailer that offers a deteriorating product by considering infinite planning horizon, stochastic lead time, constant demand rate and backordered shortages. For modeling the deterioration process, a non-linear holding cost is defined. Taking into consideration the stochastic lead time as well as a non-linear holding cost makes the mathematical model more complex. We therefore customize the proposed model for a uniform distribution function that could be tractable to solve optimally by an exact approach. In second problem, we study the strategy of pooling lead time risks by splitting replenishment orders among multiple suppliers simultaneously for a retailer that sells a deteriorating product. Finally, in the last problem, we consider inventory and transportation costs, as well as the environmental impacts in a centralized supply chain by taking into account uncertain demand and partial backordered shortages. In order to deal with demand uncertainty, a two stage stochastic programming approach is taken. Then, by considering transportation vehicles capacity, we develop a mixed integer mathematical model. In this way, the best transportation vehicles and replenishment policy are determined by finding a balance between financial and environmental criteria. A numerical example from the real world is also presented to show the applicability and effectiveness of the proposed model., Le développement et l'application de modèles de réapprovisionnement d’articles périssables est l'une des principales préoccupations des experts en la matière, le nombre et la variété des produits périssables augmentant de façon spectaculaire. L'une des lacunes majeures dans la littérature pour la gestion des produits périssables est que les chercheurs n'ont pas accordé suffisamment d'attention à deux aspects importants dans leurs modèles: i) les conditions stochastiques ; en particulier le délai stochastique est presque négligé car rendant les défis mathématiques plus compliqués ; ii) l'élaboration de politiques innovantes de réapprovisionnement prenant en compte les critères environnementaux ; en particulier la minimisation des émissions de CO2 comme second objectif dans un contexte de modélisation multi-objectif qui est tout à fait nouvelle. Dans cette thèse, nous étudions les politiques de réapprovisionnement pour les produits périssables sous conditions stochastiques sous forme de trois problématiques différentes. Dans la première, nous développons un modèle de réapprovisionnement à révision continue (r, Q) pour un détaillant qui offre un produit périssable en prenant en compte : un horizon de planification infini, un délai d’approvisionnement stochastique, un taux de demande constante et la livraison tardive (backorder). Pour modéliser le processus de détérioration, un coût de possession de stock non linéaire est défini. La prise en considération du délai stochastique et d'un coût de possession de stock non linéaire rend le modèle mathématique plus complexe. Nous avons donc adapté le modèle proposé pour une fonction de distribution uniforme afin de résoudre de façon optimale ce problème par une approche exacte. Pour le second problème, nous étudions la stratégie de mutualisation des risques de délai de livraison par la passation de commandes de réapprovisionnement fractionnées par lots entre plusieurs fournisseurs simultanément pour un détaillant vendant un produit périssable. Enfin, dans le dernier problème, nous prenons en considération les coûts de stockage et de transport, ainsi que les impacts sur l'environnement, dans une chaîne d'approvisionnement centralisée sous condition de demande incertaine et pénurie partielle (partial backordered). Pour faire face à l'incertitude de la demande, est adoptée une approche de programmation stochastique en deux étapes. Par la suite, en tenant compte de la capacité de transport de véhicules, nous développons un modèle mathématique de programmation mixte en nombres entiers. De cette façon, les meilleurs véhicules de transport et les politiques de réapprovisionnement sont déterminés par la recherche d'un équilibre entre les critères financiers et environnementaux. Un exemple numérique du monde réel est également présenté pour démontrer l'applicabilité et l'efficacité du modèle proposé.

International audience

We address the problem of supply chain management in the context of CSR (Corporate Social Responsibility). We propose an integrated approach allowing the operationalization of the economic, environmental and social performances at the strategic, tactical and operational decision levels of the supply chain. In particular, we apply our approach to the strategic and tactical levels, for the problem of sustainable insourcing/outsourcing of the activities of the value chain on the one hand (strategic decision), and for the problem of the strategic-tactical planning of a sustainable supply chain on the other hand. In the former case, we combine value analysis with performance measurement using AHP method (Analytical Hierarchy Process), an aggregative multi-criteria technique. In the latter, we develop a multi-objective mathematical program that we apply to a realistic case inspired by the Canadian lumber industry. After solving the problem, we obtain a multitude of compromise solutions (Pareto optimums) presenting different performance levels following the economic, environmental and social dimensions, allowing the decision maker to choose the solution that reflects best his/her CSR strategy. This application illustrates the proposed method and allows us to assess the practical value of our approach., Nous abordons le problème de la gestion des chaînes logistiques dans le cadre d’une démarche RSE (Responsabilité Sociale des Entreprises). Nous proposons une approche intégrée qui permet d’opérationnaliser l’évaluation de la performance suivant les dimensions économique, environnementale et sociale aux niveaux de décisions stratégique, tactique et opérationnel. Nous déclinons notre approche aux niveaux stratégique et tactique, pour le problème d’internalisation/externalisation « durable » des activités de la chaîne de valeur d’une part (décision stratégique), et pour le problème de la planification stratégique-tactique durable de la chaîne logistique, d’autre part. Nous réalisons dans le premier cas une analyse de la valeur que nous couplons à l’évaluation de la performance en utilisant une méthode d’aide à la décision multicritères agrégative : l’AHP (Analytical Hierarchy Process). Dans le second cas, nous formulons le problème comme un programme mathématique multi-objectifs que nous résolvons sur la base d’un cas réaliste issu de l’industrie canadienne du bois d’œuvre. Nous obtenons, à l’issue de la résolution mathématique, plusieurs solutions de compromis (optimums de Pareto) présentant différents niveaux de performances économique, environnementale et sociale, permettant au décideur de choisir la solution qui correspond le mieux à sa stratégie RSE. Cette application illustre la méthode proposée et met en avant la valeur pratique de notre approche.

International audience

The problematic of this thesis concerns mainly the development of simulation and decision-making models and architectures for the collaborative enterprise (supply chain, clusters...). My researches started fifteen years ago by several works about the analysis and performance evaluation of production and manufacturing systems. After I have studied the different approaches and methods for the enterprise modeling and the manufacturing control, I proposed in my PhD a simulation model which integrates a Discrete-Event Simulator for the analysis of the physical processes, and a multi-agent system for the decisional and the organizational processes. The cognitive agents include some learning algorithms and case based mechanisms to simulate the decision makers reasoning processes. This model was dedicated to the intra-enterprise and allowed us to better understand the complexity of the production system and evaluate its performance after some organizational changes (Push/Pull system, Just in Time, Kanban...). After this first phase of work, I have enriched the proposed model to take into account the interactions between the enterprises within the supply chain. The main idea was to propose a distributed simulation model to evaluate the impact of the information sharing on the global performance of the whole supply chain. For that, we proposed an information system architecture connected to a simulation model to build a distributed Decision Support System (DSS). This architecture has been developed in two PhD thesis (co-supervised with Professor Abdelaziz Bouras) and validated in a research project (COPILOTES) and in different industrial applications. I also worked on another research problematic, which concerns the integration of information systems and knowledge management. In fact, the management of the collaborative processes in the supply chain supposes that there is an alignment of the information systems (ERP, PLM, MES...) to the business processes of the companies. Efficient information systems facilitate the data and knowledge sharing between the actors of the systems. The current information systems, as the PLM (Product Lifecycle System), are defined to collect, store, treat, and share data and information related to the business processes and the product for the whole lifecycle. But it is still difficult to make these systems interact and communicate easily. In this context, we worked on different research subjects related to this alignment and supported by industrial and research projects. Four PhD works are presented in this thesis, two of them are focusing on applications for Information Systems Integration, and the two others on knowledge management systems for supply chain and product lifecycle. The added value and the originality of these works are the approach that we used, combining computer sciences models, and architectures with management and decision making theories; mixing engineering and human sciences approaches and methodologies. The evolution of my research works could be presented and summarized in three main dimensions, corresponding to the enlargement of the problematic, from the simulation models for the decision making in the production system (intra-enterprise) to the modeling of the collaborative processes and the distributed decision making for the supply chain and the product lifecycle management (inter-enterprise): a. Development of simulation models and decision support systems to analyze the dynamic of industrial organizations and the evaluation of their performance. The main theories and approaches used are: mathematical models (operational research), multi-criteria analysis, decision theories, multi-agent systems, distributed simulation... b. Development of architectures and technical data referential for the information systems alignment and the data management: Model Driven Application (MDA), Interoperability, Services Oriented Applications (SOA)... c. Development of Knowledge Management Systems to support the collaborative processes in the virtual enterprise (supply chain, clusters...). The main methods and tools used are: hybrids methods for knowledge engineering, models for knowledge capitalization, agent models for the cooperation/negotiation for the collaborative processes, standards for long term knowledge retention (OAIS)... These three dimensions converge towards a larger paradigm, which concerns the decision support systems for the enterprise networking, the paradigm of Agile and Sustainable enterprises. The enterprise performance requires new reactive and collaborative organizations and a good synchronization of the information systems; and this to be able to connect themselves to international supply chain and to develop new product development projects, and enhance new efficient partnerships easily reconfigurable., Les travaux de recherche présentés dans mon mémoire d'HDR s'articulent autour de la problématique de la collaboration et de la prise de décision dans les entreprises en réseau, dans des contextes de chaînes logistiques et d'analyse du cycle de vie des produits. Ces travaux ont débuté sur la thématique des modèles informatiques pour la prise de décision dans les systèmes de production. Après avoir étudié les différentes méthodes de modélisation d'entreprise ainsi que les approches liées au pilotage dans les entreprises industrielles, nous avons proposé un modèle de simulation des processus industriels permettant de coupler un simulateur a événement discret, dédié à l'analyse des flux physiques, à un modèle de simulation décisionnel et organisationnel à base d'Agents cognitifs. Nous avons par la suite abordé la problématique de la prise de décision et montré que l'efficacité de la décision dépend de sa capacité à exploiter des mécanismes d'apprentissage comparables à ceux utilisés par l'homme ; pour cela nous avons proposé une évolution du modèle de simulation en intégrant dans les agents logiciels des mécanismes de raisonnement et d'apprentissage (raisonnement à base de cas). Après cette phase d'étude des organisations et des processus intra-entreprise, ces architectures ont ensuite été enrichies de manière à intégrer des problématiques liées à la dimension collaborative dans le cadre des entreprises en réseau et des chaînes logistiques. Pour cela, nous avons proposé des modèles de simulation multi-agents afin de modéliser et de simuler les comportements des acteurs décisionnels dans le cadre des processus collaboratifs, et en particulier, le lien entre collaboration et partage d'information et l'amélioration des performances locale (à chaque entreprise) et globale (à l'ensemble de la chaîne logistique). En parallèle des travaux menés sur la modélisation et la simulation des processus décisionnels dans les entreprises en réseau, il est vite apparu la nécessité d'approfondir les problématiques liées aux systèmes d'information et à la gestion des connaissances. En effet, les processus décisionnels dans des contextes collaboratifs nécessitent un alignement des systèmes d'information aux différents processus organisationnels. Les principaux systèmes d'information existants, par exemple les ERP, ou les systèmes PLM pour la gestion du cycle de vie des produits, ont pour objectif principal d'organiser, de stocker, et de restituer les informations liées aux processus et aux produits dans les différentes phases de leurs cycles de vie (de la conception au recyclage, en passant par les phases de fabrication, de stockage, de maintenance, de distribution,...). Nous avons donc traité de certaines problématiques posées par cet alignement, et en particulier l'intégration des systèmes d'information, l'interopérabilité des systèmes, et la gestion des connaissances. L'évolution de mes préoccupations peut ainsi s'analyser selon quatre phases successives, qui correspondent à un élargissement progressif des problématiques traitées : de la modélisation et la prise de décision dans les systèmes de production, vers la modélisation et la simulation des processus collaboratifs dans les chaînes logistiques et les entreprises en réseau, puis l'intégration par les systèmes d'informations des processus PLM et Supply Chain, et enfin le développement d'architectures et de solutions distribuées pour le partage et l'échange d'information et de connaissances tout au long du cycle de vie des produits. Ces travaux de recherches se sont développés selon trois principaux axes scientifiques : a. Conception de modèles de simulation et d'aide à la décision pour l'étude de la dynamique des systèmes complexes et l'évaluation des performances : modèles formels de décision multicritères, décision collective et distribuée,... b. Intégration des systèmes d'information et mise en place d'architectures et de référentiels techniques pour la gestion et le suivi des données : approches par les modèles, MDA, interopérabilité... c. Développement de systèmes de gestion des connaissances (méthodes hybrides d'ingénierie des connaissances, modèles pour la capitalisation et la réutilisation des connaissances, formalisme de modélisation de la coopération/négociation entre acteurs dans les systèmes distribués... Ces trois dimensions convergent en fait vers un paradigme plus large pour l'aide à la décision dans le cadre des entreprises en réseau : le paradigme de l'entreprise cognitive et collaborative. Ce paradigme place au cœur de la performance des entreprises la nécessité de mettre en œuvre des modes d'organisation réactifs et des modes de collaboration et de synchronisation des systèmes d'information leur permettant de s'intégrer à des chaînes logistiques en fonction des besoins, ou de participer à des projets de développement de produit, et de mettre en place des partenariats et des échanges de manière efficace et facilement reconfigurable. Ceci rejoint les préoccupations actuelles sur les principes d'agilité des entreprises, d'urbanisation des systèmes d'information, et de cloud computing par exemple. Dans ce contexte, et en synthèse de ce mémoire, nous proposerons des pistes de réflexion et des perspectives de recherche issues de ces axes scientifiques, dont les orientations principales sont : vers la définition de modèles cognitifs d'aide à la décision pour les entreprises en réseau, basés sur la simulation et l'optimisation, et intégrant des notions de durabilité des systèmes et des produits et de capitalisation des connaissances à long terme.

Interoperability between enterprise applications is a multifaceted problem. In response, we have investigated the semantic alignment of business process and object knowledge supported by enterprise applications. This knowledge is heterogeneous across business and is implemented in different ways, generating semantic conflicts due to different interpretations of the actors. We study the identification of correspondences and/or conflicts between semantic knowledge, especially in the field of Manufacturing Execution System (MES). We propose an approach to formalize knowledge as a standardized repository ISO 62264 compliant: the "MES repository", and an approach to enhance the MES repository by successive alignments with other standards and/or repositories. Thus, we formally define a meta-model that describes the semantic relationships between elements of the aligned repositories, and semantic control rules to keep MES repository consistency and its ISO compliance. Finally, we present an approach to align customer needs with the MES repository, in order to assist the implementation of enterprise applications. This PhD thesis was conducted as part of a research and development project supported by the economic Cluster Edit (Rhône-Alpes, France), and its results have been used in the new proposal “on demand MES”., L’interopérabilité entre applications d’entreprise est une problématique à multiples facettes. Pour y répondre, nous avons investigué l’alignement sémantique des connaissances sur les processus et objets métier supportés par les différentes applications d’entreprise. Ces connaissances sont souvent hétérogènes selon les métiers et implémentées de manières diverses, engendrant ainsi des conflits sémantiques dues aux différentes interprétations des acteurs. Nous étudions l’identification de correspondances et/ou de conflits sémantiques entre ces connaissances, plus particulièrement dans le domaine des applications de gestion d’atelier (MES – Manufacturing Execution System). Nous proposons une démarche de formalisation de ces connaissances sous la forme d’un référentiel standardisé conforme à la norme ISO 62264 : "le référentiel MES", ainsi qu’une démarche d’enrichissement de ce référentiel par alignements successifs avec d’autres normes et/ou référentiels. Nous définissons ainsi formellement un méta-modèle qui décrit les relations sémantiques entre les éléments des référentiels à aligner, et des règles de contrôle sémantique pour garder la cohérence du référentiel MES et sa conformité au standard. Enfin, nous présentons une démarche d’alignement des besoins client sur le référentiel MES pour aider à la mise en œuvre des applications d’entreprise. Ce travail de recherche a été réalisé dans le cadre d’un projet de Recherche et Développement soutenu par le cluster économique EDIT de la région Rhône-Alpes, et sur ses résultats ont été utilisés dans une nouvelle offre de « MES à la carte ».

Generally, Operating Systems control and execute applications based on a best effort policy. As long as resources are sufficient, applications are normally executed but when resources become scarce, control mechanisms (graceful degradation) are necessary to maintain acceptable QoS. This thesis aims to manage the QoS of distributed applications. The first part of the thesis proposes a fully decentralized middleware to control the use of resources of distributed applications. This approach is based on a resource borrowing schema and an approximate scheduling in order to improve the overall QoS provided by the system. Using this borrowing schema, each node locally constructs a comprehensive view of resources availability in the system. The local knowledge of resources availability makes it possible for each node to make decisions and to schedule the execution of the applications. To finely control execution, the second part of the thesis adds a support for behavior adaptation of applications. The middleware interprets a general model of applications as an execution graph enriched with resources requirements. Each application must be designed according to this model to be manageable by the middleware (intrusive approach). A path in the graph is a possible execution of application with a certain utility. These paths provide degrees of freedom needed by the middleware to adapt resource consumption to the context. During the QoS management process, applications cooperate with the middleware at admission and execution phase. The middleware guides and controls the execution of applications actions (edges in the execution graph). To validate our approach, a prototype based on agents has been implemented using JADE. The results show the interest of our approach., Les systèmes d’exploitation utilisent très généralement une politique de « meilleur effort » (Best-effort) pour exécuter les applications. Tant que les ressources sont suffisantes, les applications s’exécutent normalement mais quand les ressources deviennent insuffisantes, des mécanismes de contrôle sont nécessaires pour continuer à obtenir des services de qualité acceptable. Cette thèse a pour objectif de gérer la QoS des applications distribuées. La première partie propose un middleware totalement décentralisé pour contrôler l’utilisation des ressources des applications distribuées. Cette approche se fonde sur une planification approximative et un schéma d’emprunt de ressources afin d’améliorer la QoS globale du système. Via ce schéma d’emprunt, chaque nœud construit localement une vue détaillée de la disponibilité des ressources dans le système. La présence da la connaissance de la disponibilité des ressources en local permet à chaque nœud de prendre localement des décisions et de planifier les tâches des applications. Pour un contrôle plus fin de l’exécution, la deuxième partie ajoute un support pour l’adaptation du comportement des applications. Le middleware utilise un modèle général des applications sous forme de graphe d’exécution décoré avec les besoins en ressources. Un chemin dans le graphe est une exécution possible de l’application avec une certaine utilité, et ce sont ces chemins qui fournissent les degrés de liberté dont le middleware a besoin pour adapter la consommation des ressources au contexte. Les applications coopèrent avec le middleware dans le processus de gestion de la QoS lors de l’admission puis durant toute l’exécution. Le middleware est le chef d’orchestre et c’est lui qui pilote et c’est lui qui pilote l’exécution des actions des applications (arcs dans le graphe) Pour valider notre approche, un prototype à base d’agents a été réalisé. Les résultats démontrent l’intérêt de notre approche.

This thesis presents a framework for assessing economic, environmental and social performances in supply chains. We propose a characterization model for "global" performance, integrating the three performances related to sustainable development (economic, environmental and social) in supply chains. This model allows us to analyze the impacts of management practices in supply chains on a set of sustainability fields, materialized by the Global Performance Matrix of Supply Chain (MPGCL). An analytical model is used to evaluate these impacts in aggregate form by a triplet. Three instantiations of MPGCL are carried out: academic, industrial and empirical. A multicriteria decision-making approach for selecting practices to implement (CAMPLID) is proposed. Its application to MPGCL instances allows a ranking of supply chains best practices, based on the simultaneous improvement of the economic, environmental and social performances. A more specific study in a simulation of the supply practices (individual/shared supply, different rules replenishment) impacts on sustainability fields complete this work., Ce mémoire présente un cadre d’évaluation des performances économique, environnementale et sociale dans les chaînes logistiques. Nous avons proposé un modèle de caractérisation de la performance « globale », intégrant les trois performances liées au développement durable (économique, environnementale et sociale) dans les chaînes logistiques. Ce modèle nous a permis d’analyser les impacts des pratiques de gestion des chaînes logistiques sur un ensemble d’enjeux durables, matérialisés par la Matrice de Performance Globale des Chaînes Logistiques (MPGCL). Un modèle analytique permet ensuite d’évaluer ces impacts sous une forme agrégée par un triplet : . Trois instanciations de la MPGCL ont été réalisées : académique (basée sur l’analyse de la littérature), industrielle (basé sur des référentiels industriels) et empirique (suite à une enquête de terrain). Une approche multicritère d’aide à la décision pour le choix des pratiques à mettre en œuvre (CAMPLID) a été proposée. Son application sur les instances de MPGCL permet un classement de bonnes pratiques des chaînes logistiques basé sur l’amélioration simultanée, et selon différentes stratégies, des trois performances économique, environnementale et sociale. Une étude plus spécifique selon une approche par simulation de l’impact des pratiques d’approvisionnement (approvisionnement individuel / mutualisé, différentes règles de réapprovisionnement) sur des enjeux durables complète ce travail.

International audience; Picking is the process of retrieving products from inventory. It is considered the most expensive of warehouse operations. To reduce the picking cost, customer orders can be grouped into batches that are then collected by pickers who travel the shortest possible distance.A column generation heuristic able to produce lower and upper bounds for the joint batching and routing problem was proposed in the literature. We show that the methodology can be extended to include the sequencing question, i.e. the additional assignment and sequencing of batches for each picker in order to meet the deadlines of the orders. This aspect is currently seen as a scheduling problem in the literature. We take a different view-point and propose a bin-packing formulation. As a result, the time aspect of the problem is considered indirectly with a drastical decrease of the number of needed variables. Moreover, we benefit from a strong family of cutting planes identified for packing problems and known as dual feasible functions. A stronger lower bound of the integrated problem can be therefore derived by adding such cuts in the formulation proposed for the joint batching and routing problem. Additionally, the bin-packing view-point provide new insights to design efficient heuristics.Optimal solutions are obtained in few seconds for small size instances with thousand of feasible batches. We also provide some results for larger instances with a column generation procedure.

International audience

Home health care structures (HHC) must face various operational problems. This PhD thesis proposes an investigation on decision support problems for managing human resources in HHC. Within the framework of a quality certification, we studied the HHC processes and we identify the logistic decisions. Two main problems were specified. The first one consists in calculating the nurses' timetables making a decision support tool. This tool was experimented and is dedicated for the HHC service: HAD EOVI Drôme nord. Several decision models were compared using two problem solving methods: the first one is based on integer linear programming and the second is based on constraint programming. The second studied problem is a drug delivery problem in a French HHC service: HAD Soins et Santé. We aim to help the HHC structure in managing their urgent deliveries. The HHC has in average forty urgent deliveries per day and these deliveries are very expensive regarding to the used external providers. A support decision tool in the framework of three different strategies of deliveries (starting deliveries when a specified delivery number is achieved, starting deliveries on a fixed delivery number per carrier and, starting deliveries on fixed hours) was developed. Regarding the best strategy, this tool was experimented using real data of the HHC service in order to compare the costs between using an external provider and permanent employee. We prove that the use of permanent employee is more profitable.; Les structures d'hospitalisation rencontrent de nombreux problèmes de niveau opérationnel. Cette thèse propose une investigation des problématiques d'aide à la décision pour le pilotage des ressources humaines en HAD. Suite à l'étude des processus d'une structure HAD identifiant les différentes décisions logistiques dans le cadre d'une certification qualité, deux problématiques principales ont été identifiées. L'investigation du premier domaine, a permis de concevoir un outil d'aide à la décision calculant les emplois du temps des infirmiers d'une structure de soins à domicile. Il a été expérimenté pour l'HAD EOVI Drôme nord. Plusieurs modèles de décision ont été comparés à l'aide de deux méthodes de résolution : une résolution par programmation linéaire entière et une résolution par programmation par contraintes. Une deuxième problématique a été étudiée : le circuit du médicament d'une HAD, ceci en collaboration avec l'HAD Soins et Santé de Lyon afin de les aider dans la gestion de leurs livraisons urgentes à partir d'une pharmacie à usage intérieur. L'HAD rencontre en moyenne une quarantaine de livraisons urgentes par jour et ces livraisons coûtent très chers en raison des prestataires externes employés et des frais de taxi éventuels. Un outil d'aide à la décision décliné selon trois stratégies de livraisons différentes (par tranches horaires, par nombre de médicaments à livrer, par nombre de livraisons par tournées) a été développé et a été proposé à l'HAD. Une fois la stratégie choisie, cet outil a été utilisé en exploitant les données réelles de l'HAD pour comparer les coûts entre l'emploi de prestataires externes ou de livreurs salariés. Il a permis de démontrer que l'emploi de livreurs salariés serait nettement plus rentable.

This article studies the impact of flexible work contracts and multi-skilled agents on a multi-objective workforce planning problem. Each agent has a work contract with a weekly and daily work capa...

Most of today's software development projects depend on the usage of existing solutions to save time and development costs. We target in this research work the design of a software capability profi...

This paper considers a supply chain consisting of a retailer for short life cycle products facing stochastic customer demand and a manufacturer that initiates production upon receipt of retail orders. Departing from the common view of the newsvendor problem, we assume that the delivery lead time is not fixed, but that both the retailer and the manufacturer have the option to shorten it. Shorter lead times enable the retailer to place orders closer to the start of the selling season where additional information on customer preferences has become available, reducing demand uncertainty. In the work at hand, lead time is assumed to depend on the order quantity, on the supplier's production capacity, and a fixed transportation delay. This paper proposes a model for determining the optimal order quantity and production capacity in centralized and decentralized settings. For the uncoordinated case, we show that if the retailer's ability to gather and analyze additional demand information is revealed to the manufacturer, the arising information asymmetry between the two parties can aggravate the double marginalization effect and, in turn, erode supply chain efficiency. In a coordinated supply chain, however, both parties have an incentive to align both order quantity and investments in lead time reduction. To coordinate the decentralized supply chain, we propose a buy-back contract that helps to leverage supply chain profitability. We conclude with an outlook on future research opportunities.

Purpose: Digital tools have been used to document cultural heritage with high-quality imaging and metadata. However, some of the historical assets are totally or partially unlabeled and some are physically damaged, which decreases their attractiveness and induces loss of value. This paper introduces a new framework that aims at tackling the cultural data enrichment challenge using machine learning. Design/methodology/approach: This framework focuses on the automatic annotation and metadata completion through new deep learning classification and annotation methods. It also addresses issues related to physically damaged heritage objects through a new image reconstruction approach based on supervised and unsupervised learning. Findings: The authors evaluate approaches on a data set of cultural objects collected from various cultural institutions around the world. For annotation and classification part of this study, the authors proposed and implemented a hierarchical multimodal classifier that improves the quality of annotation and increases the accuracy of the model, thanks to the introduction of multitask multimodal learning. Regarding cultural data visual reconstruction, the proposed clustering-based method, which combines supervised and unsupervised learning is found to yield better quality completion than existing inpainting frameworks. Originality/value: This research work is original in sense that it proposes new approaches for the cultural data enrichment, and to the authors' knowledge, none of the existing enrichment approaches focus on providing an integrated framework based on machine learning to solve current challenges in cultural heritage. These challenges, which are identified by the authors are related to metadata annotation and visual reconstruction. 2020, Emerald Publishing Limited. The authors would also like to thank the Museum of Islamic Art (MIA), the MIA Multimedia team, Mr. Marc Pelletreau, the art curators and the management staff of the Museum of Islamic Art, Doha, Qatar, for their help and contribution in the data acquisition. This publication was made possible by NPRP grant 9-181-1-036 from the Qatar National Research Fund (a member of Qatar Foundation). The statements made herein are solely the responsibility of the authors ( www.ceproqha.qa ). Scopus

International audience; Model checking is an effective way to verify behaviours of an agent-based simulation system. Three behaviours are analysed: operational, control, and global behaviours. Global behaviours of a system emerge from operational behaviours of local components regulated by control behaviours of the system. The previous works principally focus on verifying the system from the operational point of view (operational behaviour). The satisfaction of the global behaviour of the system conforming to the control behaviour has not been investigated. Thus, in this paper, we propose a more complete approach for verifying global and operational behaviours of systems. To do so, these three behaviours are firstly formalized by automata-based techniques. The meta-transformation between automata theories and Kripke structure is then provided , in order to illustrate the feasibility for the model transformation between the agent-based simulation model and Kripke structure based model. Then, a mapping between the models is proposed. Subsequently, the global behaviour of the system is verified by the properties extracted from the control behaviour and the operational behaviour is checked by general system performance properties (e.g. safety, deadlock freedom). Finally, a case study on the simulation system for aircraft maintenance has been carried out. A counterexample of signals sending between Flight agent and Plane agent has been produced by NuSMV model checker. Modifications for the NuSMV model and agent-based simulation model have been performed. The experiment results show that 9% out of 19% of flights have been changed to be serviceable. behaviours and operational behaviours; Model transformation.

Numerous cultural assets host a great historical and moral value, but due to their degradation, this value is heavily affected as their attractiveness is lost. One of the solutions that most heritage organizations and museums currently choose is to leverage the knowledge of art and history experts in addition to curators to recover and restore the damaged assets. This process is labor-intensive, expensive and more often results in just an assumption over the damaged or missing region. In this work, we tackle the issue of completing missing regions in artwork through advanced deep learning and image reconstruction (inpainting) techniques. Following our analysis of different image completion and reconstruction approaches, we noticed that these methods suffer from various limitations such as lengthy processing times and hard generalization when trained with multiple visual contexts. Most of the existing learning-based image completion and reconstruction techniques are trained on large datasets with the objective of retrieving the original data distribution of the training samples. However, this distribution becomes more complex when the training data is diverse making the training process difficult and the reconstruction inefficient. Through this paper, we present a clustering-based low-delay image completion and reconstruction approach which combines supervised and unsupervised learning to address the highlighted issues. We compare our technique to the current state of the art using a real-world dataset of artwork collected from various cultural institutions. Our approach is evaluated using statistical methods and a surveyed audience to better interpret our results objectively and subjectively. 2020, Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature. This publication was made possible by NPRP grant 9-181-1-036 from the Qatar National Research Fund (a member of Qatar Foundation). The statements made herein are solely the responsibility of the authors (www.ceproqha.qa ). The authors would also like to thank the Museum of Islamic Art (MIA), the MIA Multimedia team, Mr. Marc Pelletreau, the Art Curators and the management staff of the Museum of Islamic Art, Doha Qatar for their help and contribution in the data acquisition. Scopus

International audience; From 2010, the health transportation in France has become one of the top ten priorities of the risk management plan due to the increasing cost of these transports. For social and Medico-Social Institutions (MSI), this cost represents the second-biggest expense after that of the wages. In this context, the NOMAd project aims to improve the daily transportation service for people with disabilities between their home to MSI. To this end, we performed a field survey to identify the needs of the different stakeholders. This survey allows us to propose the transportation pooling among several MSIs on one side, and a global transport management process on the other side. This process makes possible to group and optimize routes on a given geographical area. The challenge is then to improve economic performance while maintaining social and environmental goals. A decision aiding tool for the transport optimization is proposed to tackle this problem.

The GDR MACS Steering Committee has set up a working group to conduct a survey on the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) techniques by GDR MACS researchers. This group, led by Eric Bonjour and Laurent Geneste, was composed of Damien Trentesaux, Vincent Cheutet, Bernard Grabot, Samir Lamouri and Olivier Cardin. The results of this survey were published on the GDR MACS website in January 2022. The group has elaborated a list of domains and a list of research objects studied. It distinguished 4 main classes of AI techniques (Operational Research (OR) approaches; Knowledge modeling and reasoning approaches; Data approaches; Transversal) in which 20 identified AI techniques were classified. He then built a web tool to support a questionnaire, which was distributed to the members of the GDR MACS in June 2022. 139 people responded to this survey, mostly lecturers and professors (92). The respondents had a research activity of more than 5 years (117) but have an experience in AI of less than 5 years (63) or are without experience (22). The research areas concerned are well representative of the areas covered by the GDR MACS with half of the respondents (73/139) in automation (control and piloting, estimation and observation) and the other half in industrial engineering (model-driven engineering, OR and decision support, knowledge engineering and data science, maintenance, planning, etc.).In terms of research topics, the working group noted a predominance of "robotics, cobotics, mechatronics" and "design" with a strong presence of more recent themes such as "IoT, cyber-physical systems" or "Digital Twins" or themes related to major societal transitions, such as transport, energy, sustainable development and health.Regarding the use of AI techniques, 3 levels have been distinguished: (user; contributor; interested). There is a predominance of "machine learning" (57; 25; 38) and "heuristic approaches" (28; 14; 14) with a strong interest in "Multi-Agent Systems" (9; 9; 20), and this, in a transversal way to the research domains (in automatic control and industrial engineering). Sustained contributions (>12) on "logic-based techniques" and on "uncertain knowledge" have been noted. A particular interest (>15) also emerges on "human-AI interaction" and on "validation, explanation, confidence" in AI.About 20% of the respondents have a contribution in "Machine learning", mainly confirmed researchers (with more than 10 years of experience). The contributions are rather distributed according to the experience in AI, with a dominance for researchers with more than 5 years of experience in AI.Then, clusters were searched on the domains from the answers obtained. Logically, the domains "Control, Management + Estimation, Observation" (27 respondents), "Systems Analysis, Simulation, Verification, Proof" (38) and "Identification" (41) have shown their proximity: we find here the classical domains of Automatic Control. In the same way, the domains "Knowledge engineering and data sciences", "Modeling, model-driven engineering", "Information systems" and "Systems analysis, simulation, verification, proof" have shown their proximity (23 respondents). It should be noted that the domain "systems analysis, simulation, verification, proof" is transversal to these two clusters. Another cluster related to the use of "OR and decision support" techniques in "Planning and Scheduling" was identified (10 respondents). Finally, contrary to what one might have supposed, the fields of "Diagnosis, fault detection" and "Maintenance, prognosis" did not show strong proximity (only 5 respondents).; Le Comité de Direction du GDR MACS a mis en place un groupe de travail pour mener une enquête sur l'utilisation des techniques d'Intelligence Artificielle (IA) par les chercheurs du GDR MACS. Ce groupe, animé par Eric Bonjour et Laurent Geneste, était composé de Damien Trentesaux, Vincent Cheutet, Bernard Grabot, Samir Lamouri et Olivier Cardin. Les résultats de cette enquête ont été publiés sur le site du GDR MACS en janvier 2022. Le groupe a élaboré une liste des domaines et une liste des objets de recherche étudiés. Il a distingué 4 grandes classes de techniques d'IA (Approches type Recherche Opérationnelle (RO) ; Approches modélisation des connaissances et raisonnement ; Approches données ; Transversal) dans lesquelles 20 techniques d'IA identifiées ont été classées. Il a ensuite construit un outil web pour supporter un questionnaire, qui a été diffusé aux membres du GDR MACS en juin 2022. 139 personnes ont répondu à cette enquête, en majorité des maîtres de conférences et professeurs (92). Les répondants avaient une activité de recherche de plus de 5 ans (117) mais ont une expérience en IA de moins de 5 ans (63) ou sont sans expérience (22). Les domaines de recherche concernés sont bien représentatifs des domaines couverts par le GDR MACS avec pour moitié des répondants (73 /139), l'automatique (commande et pilotage, estimation et observation) et pour l'autre moitié, le génie industriel (ingénierie dirigée par les modèles, RO et aide à la décision, ingénierie des connaissances et sciences des données, maintenance, planification…).Au niveau des objets de recherche, le groupe de travail a noté une prédominance de la "robotique, cobotique, mécatronique" et de la "conception" avec une forte présence de thèmes plus récents comme l’ "IoT, systèmes cyber-physiques" ou les "Jumeaux numériques" ou de thèmes en lien avec des transitions sociétales majeures, comme les transports, l'énergie, le développement durable et la santé.En ce qui concerne l'utilisation des techniques d'IA, 3 niveaux ont été distingués : (utilisateur ; contributeur ; intéressé). Il ressort une prédominance de l’ "apprentissage automatique (machine learning)" (57 ; 25 ; 38) et des "approches heuristiques" (28 ; 14 ; 14) avec un intérêt marqué pour les "Systèmes Multi-Agents" (9 ; 9 ; 20), et ce, de façon transversale aux domaines de recherche (en automatique et en génie industriel). Des contributions soutenues (>12) sur les "techniques à base de logique" et sur les "connaissances incertaines" ont été relevées. Un intérêt particulier (>15) ressort aussi sur l' "interaction humains- IA" et sur la "validation, explication, confiance" dans l'IA.Environ 20% des répondants ont une contribution en "Apprentissage automatique", principalement des chercheurs confirmés (de plus de 10 ans d'expérience). Les contributions sont plutôt réparties en fonction de l’expérience en IA, avec une dominance pour les chercheurs ayant plus de 5 ans d’expérience en IA.Ensuite, des clusters ont été recherchés sur les domaines à partir des réponses obtenues. Fort logiquement, les domaines "Commande, pilotage + Estimation, observation" (27 répondants), "Analyse des systèmes, simulation, vérification, preuve" (38) et "Identification" (41) ont montré leur proximité : on retrouve ici les domaines classiques de l’Automatique. De la même façon, les domaines " Ingénierie des connaissances et sciences des données", "Modélisation, ingénierie dirigée par les modèles", "Systèmes d'information" et " Analyse des systèmes, simulation, vérification, preuve" ont montré leur proximité (23 répondants). A noter que le domaine "analyse des systèmes, simulation, vérification, preuve" est transversal à ces deux clusters. Un autre cluster relatif à l'utilisation des techniques de "RO et aide à la décision" en "Planification et Ordonnancement" a été identifié (10 répondants). Enfin, contrairement à ce que l'on aurait pu supposer, les domaines "diagnostic, détection de fautes" et "Maintenance, pronostic" n'ont pas fait apparaître de proximité forte (seulement 5 répondants).

International audience; Three key factors appear relevant in view of annual optimizations of the Public Hospital management: territorial reorganization, quick change in medical technologies and maintaining balanced budgets. Finding the right tools for territorial analysis, making it possible to achieve the efficiency of the care sectors of "territorial hospital groupings" is the priority of the Health Care Directorate, and this is the context in which PoleSat has been evaluated.Method: three scenarios have been considered for ‘vascular catheterizations’ among seven hospital hubs of Nouvelle Aquitaine: the existing situation, the closure of the Rochefort hub and the transfer of activity from Rochefort to the Saintes hub. Different analyzes of "modeled catchment areas and allocations of populations and activities" have been compared. Results: After comparisons of the pre-post scenarios of the covered areas and the concerned statistic of population, consequences and impacts for the hubs are expressed in ‘risks of loss’ and ‘chances of gain’ of activity and patient numbers. Conclusion: Taking into account its first tests and good repeatability, PoleSat is proving to be robust and reliable. It will be enhanced and reused for other care services, geographic spaces and territories.; Trois facteurs s'imposent aux objectifs d'optimisation annuelle de l'Hôpital Public : la réorganisation territoriale ; l'évolution rapide des technologies médicales et l'équilibre budgétaire. Trouver les bons outils d'analyse territoriale, permettant d'atteindre l'efficience des filières de soins des groupements hospitaliers de territoires est la priorité de la direction générale de l’offre de soins, qui dans ce cadre a testé PoleSat. Méthode : trois scénarios de planification des "cathétérismes vasculaires" pour sept pôles hospitaliers en Nouvelle Aquitaine ont été élaborés ; l'état de l'offre initiale, la suppression du pôle de Rochefort et le transfert d'activité de Rochefort vers le pôle de Saintes. Les analyses des zones d'influence et des répartitions modélisées des "populations et activités" ont été comparées. Résultats : Les conséquences et impacts pour les pôles, à l'issue des comparaisons pré-post scénarios des aires couvertes et des statistiques, s'expriment en "risques de pertes" et en "chances de gains" d'activité et de patientèle. Conclusion : PoleSat est robuste au vu de ses premiers tests et de la répétabilité des résultats. Il sera enrichi et réutilisé pour d'autres filières de soins, espaces géographiques et territoires.

International audience

International audience; This paper addresses the problem of Fault Classification and Prediction (FCP) without sufficient data in aircraft maintenance. An innovative approach based on Agent-Based Simulation System (ABSS) and the Fuzzy-Rough Nearest Neighbour (FRNN) method is proposed. To do so, a framework for integrating the FRNN approach into ABSS is firstly provided. The concept and architecture models of FRNN-ABSS are then used to describe the FRNN-ABSS system. Subsequently, random and sequence strategies are designed for the FCP of the engine. An algorithm for integrating the FRNN method into ABSS is also developed to automate FCP. Finally, the experiments analysing the impact of different strategies on maintenance costs and service level have been conducted. The results show that the approach proposed has achieved success for random and sequence strategies: 9.3% and 2.5% of maintenance costs have been saved; 4.17% and 12.5% of delayed flights have been changed into on-time flights.

The fusion of hesitant fuzzy set (HFS) and fuzzy-rough set (FRS) is explored and applied into the task of classification due to its capability of conveying hesitant and uncertainty information. In this paper, on the basis of studying the equivalence relations between hesitant fuzzy elements and HFS operation updating, the target instances are classified by employing the lower and upper approximations in hesitant FRS theory. Extensive performance analysis has been conducted including classification accuracy results, execution time, and the impact of k parameter to evaluate the proposed hesitant fuzzy-rough nearest-neighbor (HFRNN) algorithm. The experimental analysis has shown that the proposed HFRNN algorithm significantly outperforms current leading algorithms in terms of fuzzy-rough nearest-neighbor, vaguely quantified rough sets, similarity nearest-neighbor, and aggregated-similarity nearest-neighbor. 1999-2011 IEEE. This work was supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 61602064, in part by Science and Technology Agency Project of Sichuan Province under Grant 2017HH0088, in part by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities under Grant 2682015QM02, and in part by Scientific Research Foundation of CUIT under Grant KYTZ201615. Scopus

International audience; Digital Twin is one of the key enabling technologies of the fourth industrial evolution. Alongside with the cyber-physical systems it is expected to widen the perspectives of smart manufacturing development and for production systems in particular. For these systems ongoing state monitoring, simulation and prediction of manufacturing operations are crucial to improve the production efficiency and flexibility. Moreover, through the principles of system engineering, Digital Twin establishes interconnection and interoperability between cyber and physical environments allowing a human to act confidently based on accurately analysed data and verified simulation models. In order to design and implement Digital Twin the architecture and main components must be identified.

International audience; Multi-agent frameworks are gaining popularityamong the research community as they provide efficient andscalable tools for modelling distributed and/or social systems,enabling to simulate and investigate the behaviour of complexsystems in a wide range of applications (such as road traffic,crowd evacuation, disease spreading, etc.). Existing MAS frame-works (such as GAMA, MADkit, JADE, etc.) offer stable andwidely used solutions for users that are already experiencedwith distributed systems simulation or the MAS paradigm. Theyare also often dedicated (or primarily designed) for a specificapplication (e.g., MATSim for road traffic). New users cansee the learning curve associated with each framework as anobstacle, especially when they lack the theoretical knowledgeabout computer science or agents and they seek to build and run avery first proof-of-concept simulation. The work presented in thispaper results from an effort towards providing more accessibleMAS simulation tools, possibly further popularizing their useacross different research fields. This paper introduces PAMELA:a novel generic collaborative open-source MAS framework thataims at being light, beginner-friendly, and that allows for fastprototyping through assisted scenario generation and powerfulconfiguration. The tool can work with or without (for fastersimulations) the integrated graphical user interface (designed forboth testing and visualization). To make is more attractive to newprogrammers and to enable an easier interfacing with trendingmachine learning frameworks, PAMELA is entirely written inPython and only relies on standard libraries. This choice makesit possible to make it a multi-platform tool that is easy todeploy and maintain in industry and in the laboratory. After adiscussion of existing MAS platform capabilities and limitations,we will present the general design of PAMELA and then wewill describe its core components. Through two applicationsareas, we will show the potential of PAMELA to quickly andeasily provide running prototypes that could be used as proof-of-concept simulations before building more complex use casesin the same or a more specific MAS framework.