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1. Resurgence of Pertussis in the Gyeongnam Region of South Korea in 2023 and 2024.

Author

Lee, Hyeokjin, Cho, U Jin, Kim, Ah-Ra, Lee, Sang-Eun, Lee, Myungju, Lee, Seung Ju, Wi, Yu Mi, Ma, Sang Hyuk, and Lee, Dong Han

Subjects
SCHOOL children, HIGH school students, AGE distribution, PUBLIC health officers, BOOSTER vaccines
Abstract

Background/Objectives: Pertussis continues to pose a substantial global health challenge despite widespread vaccination programs. This study aimed to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of recent pertussis cases in the Gyeongnam region of South Korea. Methods: We analyzed 419 pertussis cases in the Gyeongnam region of South Korea between October 2023 and April 2024, using data collected from epidemiological investigation reports, medical records, and interviews with health officials and school staff. Results: Our analysis revealed a distinct age distribution pattern with minimal cases in infants (0.2% under 1 year) and young children (7.9% in ages 1–6 years), while school-aged children showed the highest incidence (31.8% in ages 7–9 years, 36.0% in ages 10–12 years). The outbreak pattern demonstrated a progressive shift from preschool and elementary school students to middle and high school students. The time from symptoms onset to diagnosis varied significantly across age groups, with a median of 3.0 days (1.0–6.0) overall; notably, this was longer in high school students at 5.0 days (2.3–8.0) (p = 0.023). While 92.4% (365/395) of cases were fully vaccinated, substantial delays were observed in third and fourth dose administration (18.2% and 25.8%, respectively), with considerable timing variability for the fifth and sixth doses. Conclusions: Our findings highlight the changing epidemiology of pertussis in South Korea, characterized by an age shift toward older children. These results emphasize the need for enhanced surveillance focusing on school-aged populations and the reassessment of vaccination strategies, particularly regarding booster dose timings and adherence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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3. A Palladium-Deposited Molybdenum Disulfide-Based Hydrogen Sensor at Room Temperature.

Author

Cho, U Jin, Jang, Dongjun, Jeon, Youhyeong, Kim, Taeha, Jo, Beomsu, Kim, Ryangha, Kim, Younglae, and Kwon, Min-Woo

Subjects
HYDROGEN detectors, DC sputtering, TEMPERATURE sensors, MOLYBDENUM compounds, CHARGE carrier mobility, MOLYBDENUM disulfide, NANOPARTICLES, MOLYBDENUM
Abstract

Recently, hydrogen (H2) energy has attracted attention among eco-friendly energy sources because H2 energy is eco-friendly, energy-efficient, and abundant in nature. However, when the concentration of H2 in the atmosphere is more than 4%, H2 has a risk of explosion. H2 is a colorless, tasteless, and odorless gas that is difficult to detect with human senses. Therefore, developing an optimized hydrogen sensor is essential. Palladium (Pd) has good reactivity to hydrogen. Molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) has high carrier mobility, sensitive reactivity to toxic gases, and high surface-area-to-volume ratio. Therefore, we proposed hydrogen sensors that use Pd and MoS2. The main fabrication processes include MoS2 deposition through CVD and Pd deposition through DC sputtering. In this study, we utilized Pd and MoS2 to enable sensing at room temperature. By optimizing the Pd to a nanoparticle structure with an expansive surface area of 4 nm, we achieved a fast response time of 4–5 s and an enhanced yield through a simplified structure. Hydrogen sensors inherently exhibit sensitivity to various environmental factors. To address these challenges, technologies such as machine learning can be incorporated. Emphasizing low-power consumption and various application compatibilities becomes pivotal to promoting commercialization across diverse industries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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13. Cryo-EM structure of RbBP5 bound to the nucleosome

Author

Park, S.H., primary, Ayoub, A., additional, Lee, Y.T., additional, Xu, J., additional, Zhang, W., additional, Zhang, B., additional, Zhang, Y., additional, Cianfrocco, M.A., additional, Su, M., additional, Dou, Y., additional, and Cho, U., additional

Published
2019
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26. Impact of Processing and Physicochemical Parameter on Hibiscus sabdariffa Calyxes Biomolecules and Antioxidant Activity: From Powder Production to Reconstitution

Author

Cho Urielle M’be, Joël Scher, Claire Gaiani, N’Guessan Georges Amani, and Jennifer Burgain

Subjects
Hibiscus sabdariffa, drying process, powder production, structure change, color change, bioactive molecule, Chemical technology, TP1-1185
Abstract

Hibiscus sabdariffa is a tropical plant with red calyxes whose anthocyanins, phenols, and antioxidant activity make it attractive to consumers both from a nutritional and medicinal standpoint. Its seasonality, perishability, and anthocyanin instability, led to the setup of stabilization methods comprising drying and powdering. However, its properties can often be altered during these stabilization processes. Treatments such as dehumidified-air-drying, infrared drying, and oven-drying, and their combination showed better quality preservation. Moreover, powder production enables superior biomolecule extractability which can be linked to a higher bioaccessibility. However, the required temperatures for powder production increase the bioactive molecules degradation leading to their antioxidant activity loss. To overcome this issue, ambient or cryogenic grinding could be an excellent method to improve the biomolecule bioavailability and accessibility if the processing steps are well mastered. To be sure to benefit from the final nutritional quality of the powder, such as the antioxidant activity of biomolecules, powders have to offer excellent reconstitutability which is linked to powder physicochemical properties and the reconstitution media. Typically, the finest powder granulometry and using an agitated low-temperature reconstitution media allow for improving anthocyanin extractability and stability. In this review, the relevant physicochemical and processing parameters influencing plant powder features from processing transformation to reconstitution will be presented with a focus on bioactive molecules and antioxidant activity preservation.

Published
2023
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27. PATHOLOGY

Author

Adachi, J.-i., primary, Totake, K., additional, Shirahata, M., additional, Mishima, K., additional, Suzuki, T., additional, Yanagisawa, T., additional, Fukuoka, K., additional, Nishikawa, R., additional, Arimappamagan, A., additional, Manoj, N., additional, Mahadevan, A., additional, Bhat, D., additional, Arvinda, H., additional, Indiradevi, B., additional, Somanna, S., additional, Chandramouli, B., additional, Petterson, S. A., additional, Hermansen, S. K., additional, Dahlrot, R. H., additional, Hansen, S., additional, Kristensen, B. W., additional, Carvalho, F., additional, Jalali, S., additional, Singh, S., additional, Croul, S., additional, Aldape, K., additional, Zadeh, G., additional, Choi, J., additional, Park, S.-H., additional, Khang, S. K., additional, Suh, Y.-L., additional, Kim, S. P., additional, Lee, Y. S., additional, Kim, S. H., additional, Coberly, S., additional, Samayoa, K., additional, Liu, Y., additional, Kiaei, P., additional, Hill, J., additional, Patterson, S., additional, Damore, M., additional, Dahiya, S., additional, Emnett, R., additional, Phillips, J., additional, Haydon, D., additional, Leonard, J., additional, Perry, A., additional, Gutmann, D., additional, Epari, S., additional, Ahmed, S., additional, Gurav, M., additional, Raikar, S., additional, Moiyadi, A., additional, Shetty, P., additional, Gupta, T., additional, Jalali, R., additional, Georges, J., additional, Zehri, A., additional, Carlson, E., additional, Martirosyan, N., additional, Elhadi, A., additional, Nichols, J., additional, Ighaffari, L., additional, Eschbacher, J., additional, Feuerstein, B., additional, Anderson, T., additional, Preul, M., additional, Jensen, K., additional, Nakaji, P., additional, Girardi, H., additional, Monville, F., additional, Carpentier, S., additional, Giry, M., additional, Voss, J., additional, Jenkins, R., additional, Boisselier, B., additional, Frayssinet, V., additional, Poggionovo, C., additional, Catteau, A., additional, Mokhtari, K., additional, Sanson, M., additional, Peyro-Saint-Paul, H., additional, Giannini, C., additional, Hide, T., additional, Nakamura, H., additional, Makino, K., additional, Yano, S., additional, Anai, S., additional, Shinojima, N., additional, Kuroda, J.-i., additional, Takezaki, T., additional, Kuratsu, J.-i., additional, Higuchi, F., additional, Matsuda, H., additional, Iwata, K., additional, Ueki, K., additional, Kim, P., additional, Kong, J., additional, Cooper, L., additional, Wang, F., additional, Gao, J., additional, Teodoro, G., additional, Scarpace, L., additional, Mikkelsen, T., additional, Schniederjan, M., additional, Moreno, C., additional, Saltz, J., additional, Brat, D., additional, Cho, U., additional, Hong, Y.-K., additional, Lober, R., additional, Lu, L., additional, Gephart, M. H., additional, Fisher, P., additional, Miyazaki, M., additional, Nishihara, H., additional, Itoh, T., additional, Kato, M., additional, Fujimoto, S., additional, Kimura, T., additional, Tanino, M., additional, Tanaka, S., additional, Nguyen, N., additional, Moes, G., additional, Villano, J. L., additional, Kanno, H., additional, Kato, Y., additional, Ohnishi, T., additional, Harada, H., additional, Ohue, S., additional, Kouno, S., additional, Inoue, A., additional, Yamashita, D., additional, Okamoto, S., additional, Nitta, M., additional, Muragaki, Y., additional, Maruyama, T., additional, Sawada, T., additional, Komori, T., additional, Saito, T., additional, Okada, Y., additional, Omay, S. B., additional, Gunel, J. M., additional, Clark, V. E., additional, Li, J., additional, Omay, E. Z. E., additional, Serin, A., additional, Kolb, L. E., additional, Hebert, R. M., additional, Bilguvar, K., additional, Ozduman, K., additional, Pamir, M. N., additional, Kilic, T., additional, Baehring, J., additional, Piepmeier, J. M., additional, Brennan, C. W., additional, Huse, J., additional, Gutin, P. H., additional, Yasuno, K., additional, Vortmeyer, A., additional, Gunel, M., additional, Pugh, S., additional, Rogers, C. L., additional, Brachman, D., additional, McMillan, W., additional, Jenrette, J., additional, Barani, I., additional, Shrieve, D., additional, Sloan, A., additional, Mehta, M., additional, Prabowo, A., additional, Iyer, A., additional, Veersema, T., additional, Anink, J., additional, Meeteren, A. S.-v., additional, Spliet, W., additional, van Rijen, P., additional, Ferrier, T., additional, Capper, D., additional, Thom, M., additional, Aronica, E., additional, Chharchhodawala, T., additional, Sable, M., additional, Sharma, M. C., additional, Sarkar, C., additional, Suri, V., additional, Singh, M., additional, Santosh, V., additional, Thota, B., additional, Srividya, M., additional, Sravani, K., additional, Shwetha, S., additional, Arivazhagan, A., additional, Thennarasu, K., additional, Hegde, A., additional, Kondaiah, P., additional, Somasundaram, K., additional, Rao, M., additional, Kumar, V. P., additional, Shastry, A., additional, Narayan, R., additional, Naz, S., additional, Venneti, S., additional, Garimella, M., additional, Sullivan, L., additional, Martinez, D., additional, Heguy, A., additional, Santi, M., additional, Thompson, C., additional, Judkins, A., additional, Voronovich, Z., additional, Chen, L., additional, Clark, K., additional, Walsh, M., additional, Mannas, J., additional, Horbinski, C., additional, Wiestler, B., additional, Holland-Letz, T., additional, Korshunov, A., additional, von Deimling, A., additional, Pfister, S. M., additional, Platten, M., additional, Weller, M., additional, Wick, W., additional, Zieman, G., additional, Dardis, C., additional, and Ashby, L., additional

Published
2013
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28. Anther and microspore cultures of barley and wheat

Author

Kasha, Ken J., Ziauddin, A., Cho, U. H., Simion, E., Petroski, R., and Cistué Sola, Luis

Subjects
food and beverages
Abstract

This paper briefly cites the various procedures for the production of doubled haploids in barley and wheat. Various associated terms are defined and the factor involved in haploid production are outlined. Isolated microspore cultures offer some advantages over anther culture. Our current procedures for isolated microspore culture of barley and wheat are presented and compared.

Published
1997

30. Molecular Structures and Interactions in the Yeast Kinetochore

Author

Cho, U.- S., primary, Corbett, K. D., additional, Al-Bassam, J., additional, Bellizzi, J. J., additional, De Wulf, P., additional, Espelin, C. W., additional, Miranda, J. J., additional, Simons, K., additional, Wei, R. R., additional, Sorger, P. K., additional, and Harrison, S. C., additional

Published
2010
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32. Polymeric Materials for Protection Against Chemical and Biological Contaminants

Author

AUBURN UNIV AL, Worley, S D, Broughton, R M, Wei, C I, Li, Y, Lin, J, Chen, Y, Kim, J, Wu, R, Cho, U, Winkelmann, C, AUBURN UNIV AL, Worley, S D, Broughton, R M, Wei, C I, Li, Y, Lin, J, Chen, Y, Kim, J, Wu, R, Cho, U, and Winkelmann, C

Abstract

The objective of this project was to attach N-halamine functional groups to various polymeric materials to be used as oxidizing agents to render the materials biocidal and resistant to chemical agents. The biocidal objective was successfully achieved for the textile materials nylon and polyester, as well as for a water-borne acrylic polyurethane paint and for functionalized polystrene beads to be used for water disinfection in cartridge filters. Activities of the materials against chemical agents remain to be tested. Common features of all of the materials developed are the abilities to stabilize oxidative chlorine for long periods of time, to be regenerated by exposure to aqueous solutions of free chlorine (bleach), and to inactivate pathogenic microorganisms upon surface contact. It is envisioned that the various materials developed in this research project will be useful to the military in a variety of applications such as in defense against biological and chemical agents in medical facilities, barracks, tents, transport vehicles, and water treatment devices.

Published
2002

35. N-halamine biocidal coatings

Author

Liang, J., primary, Wu, R., additional, Wang, J.-W., additional, Barnes, K., additional, Worley, S. D., additional, Cho, U., additional, Lee, J., additional, Broughton, R. M., additional, and Huang, T.-S., additional

Published
2006
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41. Novel Consecutive β- and γ-Turn Mimetics Composed of α-Aminooxy Tripeptides

Author

Baek, B.-h., Lee, M.-r., Kim, K.-Y., Cho, U.-I., Boo, D. W., and Shin, I.

Abstract

To develop novel consecutive β- and γ-turn mimetics, we designed and characterized α-aminooxy tripeptides (trimers) consisting of oxanipecotic acid dimer and α-aminooxy acid. According to FT-IR and NMR data, as well as ab initio quantum calculations, the trimers adopted unusual folded structures with consecutive β- and γ-turnlike conformations.

Published
2003

44. Creep and Creep Recovery of 304 Stainless Steel Under Combined Stress With a Representation by a Viscous-Viscoelastic Model

Author

Cho, U. W. and Findley, W. N.

Abstract

Creep and creep-recovery data of 304 stainless steel are reported for experiments under constant combined tension and torsion at 593°C (1100°F). The data were represented by a viscous-viscoelastic model in which the strain was resolved into five components—elastic, plastic (time-independent), viscoelastic (time-dependent recoverable), and viscous (time-dependent nonrecoverable) which has separate positive and negative components. The data are well represented by a power function of time for each time-dependent strain. By applying superposition to the creep-recovery data, the recoverable creep strain was separated from the nonrecoverable. The form of stress-dependence associated with a third-order multiple integral representation was employed for each strain component. The time-dependent recoverable and nonrecoverable strains had different nonlinear stress dependence; but, the time-independent plastic strain and time-dependent nonrecoverable strain had similar stress-dependence. A limiting stress below which creep was very small or negligible was found for both recoverable and nonrecoverable components as well as a yield limit. The limit for recoverable creep was substantially less than the limits for nonrecoverable creep and yielding. The results showed that the model and equations used in the analysis described quite well the creep and creep-recovery under the stress states tested.

Published
1980
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45. Creep of Metals and Plastics Under Combined Stresses, A Review

Author

Findley, W. N., Cho, U. W., and Ding, J. L.

Abstract

Prior research on creep of metals and plastics under combined stresses is reviewed. Recent and current research in this area are described. Emphasis of the review is on experimental investigations of creep under multiaxial stresses since 1950.

Published
1979
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46. Creep and Creep Recovery of 2618-T61 Aluminum Under Variable Temperature

Author

Cho, U. W. and Findley, W. N.

Abstract

Creep and creep recovery data are reported for pure tension of 2618-T61 aluminum alloy under variable temperature between 200° C and 230° C. Varying temperature experiments involved an abrupt temperature increase and a linearly increasing and decreasing temperature at a constant stress of 137.9 MPa (20 ksi). A temperature-compensated time by Sherby and Dorn was employed to represent the effect of temperature. A temperature-history-dependent theory using data from constant stress creep and creep recovery together with the apparent activation energy was used to predict the creep under variable temperature. The predictions agreed quite well with the observed data. The apparent activation energy of this alloy was found to be 49,000 cal/mole°K.

Published
1984
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47. Creep and Creep Recovery of 304 Stainless Steel at Low Stresses With Effects of Aging on Creep and Plastic Strains

Author

Cho, U. W. and Findley, W. N.

Abstract

Creep and creep recovery data of 304 stainless steel are reported for experiments at low stress levels under combined tension and torsion at 593°C (1100°F). The data were represented by a viscous-viscoelastic model in which the strain was resolved into five components—elastic, plastic (time-independent), viscoelastic (time-dependent recoverable), and viscous (time-dependent nonrecoverable) which has separate positive and negative components. Only part of the creep strain at low stresses was recovered upon complete unloading following creep (as also found at high stresses), and each time-dependent strain data was well represented by a power function of time. But the stress dependence below a transition stress was approximately a linear relation with no creep limits and no cross effects such as were found in a previous analysis for higher stress levels above a transition stress. The transition stress for nonrecoverable strains agrees with the Frost-Ashby boundary between diffusional flow and dislocation creep. Aging decreased the creep rate and plastic strain. Results for different times of aging at 593°C (1100°F) under pure tension stresses were well represented by power functions of aging time up to 1000 h for each creep component and plastic strain.

Published
1981
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48. Creep and Plastic Strains of 304 Stainless Steel at 593°C Under Step Stress Changes, Considering Aging

Author

Cho, U. W. and Findley, W. N.

Abstract

Nonlinear constitutive equations for varying stress histories are developed and used to predict the creep behavior of 304 stainless steel at 593°C (1100°F) under variable tension or torsion stresses including reloading, complete unloading, step-up, and step-down stress changes. The strain in the constitutive equations (a viscous-viscoelastic model) consists of: linear elastic, time-independent plastic, time-dependent-recoverable viscoelastic, and time-dependent-nonrecoverable viscous components. For variable stressing, the modified superposition principle, derived from the multiple integral representation, and the strain hardening theory were used to represent the recoverable and nonrecoverable components, respectively, of the time-dependent strain. Time-independent plastic strains were described by a flow rule of similar form to that for nonrecoverable, time-dependent strains. The material constants of the theory were determined from constant stress creep and creep recovery data. Considerable aging effects were found and the effects on the strain components were incorporated in each strain predicted by the theory. Some modifications of the theory for the viscoelastic strain component under step-down stress changes were made to improve the predictions. The final predictions combining the foregoing features made satisfactory agreements with the experimental creep data under step stress changes.

Published
1982
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49. Variable Temperature Creep and Creep Recovery of 304 Stainless Steel

Author

Cho, U. W. and Findley, W. N.

Abstract

Creep and creep recovery data are reported for pure tension of 304 stainless steel under variable temperature between 593°C and 649°C. Varying temperature experiments involved multiple steps of abrupt temperature increase and decrease at a constant stress of 86.2 MPa (12.5 ksi). A temperature-compensated time proposed by Sherby and Dorn was employed to represent the effect of temperature. The temperature history dependent theory combined with the modified superposition principle was used to predict the variable temperature creep and creep recovery from data under constant temperature. The test data were predicted reasonably well by the theory.

Published
1984
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50. Creep and Plastic Strains Under Stress Reversal in Torsion With and Without Simultaneous Tension for 304 Stainless Steel at 593°C

Author

Cho, U. W. and Findley, W. N.

Abstract

Results of creep experiments under stress reversals in torsion with and without constant tension are reported. Constitutive equations based on data for single step creep and creep recovery tests previously reported are used to describe the test results. A viscous-viscoelastic model with aging effects and modifications for step-down stress changes and stress reversals predicted the creep behavior reasonably well. The prediction of time-independent plastic strains is also described.

Published
1983
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