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4. How Was Studied the Effect of Manual Wheelchair Configuration on Propulsion Biomechanics: A Systematic Review on Methodologies

Author

FRITSCH, Capucine, POULET, Yoann, BASCOU, Joseph, THOREUX, Patricia, and SAURET, Christophe

Subjects
Manual wheelchair, Experiment, Kinetics, Settings, Kinematics, Methodology, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, PRISMA, Configuration, Mécanique: Biomécanique [Sciences de l'ingénieur], General Environmental Science
Abstract

BackgroundFor both sports and everyday use, finding the optimal manual wheelchair (MWC) configuration can improve a user's propulsion biomechanics. Many studies have already investigated the effect of changes in MWC configuration but comparing their results is challenging due to the differences in experimental methodologies between articles.PurposeThe present systematic review aims at offering an in-depth analysis of the methodologies used to study the impact of MWC configuration on propulsion biomechanics, and ultimately providing the community with recommendations for future research.MethodsThe reviewing process followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) flowchart on two databases (Scopus and PubMed) in March 2022.ResultsForty-five articles were included, and the results highlighted the multiplicity of methodologies regarding different experimental aspects, including propulsion environment, experimental task, or measurement systems, for example. More importantly, descriptions of MWC configurations and their modifications differed significantly between studies and led to a lack of critical information in many cases.DiscussionStudying the effect of MWC configuration on propulsion requires recommendations that must be clarified: (1) the formalism chosen to describe MWC configuration (absolute or relative) should be consistent with the type of study conducted and should be documented enough to allow for switching to the other formalism; (2) the tested MWC characteristics and initial configuration, allowing the reproduction or comparison in future studies, should be properly reported; (3) the bias induced by the experimental situation on the measured data must be considered when drawing conclusions and therefore experimental conditions such as propulsion speed or the effect of the instrumentation should be reported.ConclusionOverall, future studies will need standardization to be able to follow the listed recommendations, both to describe MWC configuration and mechanical properties in a clear way and to choose the experimental conditions best suited to their objectives.

Published
2022

8. Gait initiation and embedded sensors: assessment of the risk of falling at home in elderly

Author

Coudrat, Laure, Bascou, Joseph, Kop, Jean-Luc, Jacob, Christel, Rivasseau-Jonveaux, Thérèse, Trousselard, Marion, Dinet, Jérôme, Laboratoire lorrain de psychologie et neurosciences de la dynamique des comportements (2LPN), Université de Lorraine (UL), Institution Nationale des Invalides - Centre d’Etudes et de Recherche sur l’Appareillage des Handicapés (INI/CERAH), Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Département Neurosciences et Contraintes Opérationnelles, Unité de Neurophysiologie du Stress, 92123 Brétignysur- Orge cedex, France, and Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Département Neurosciences et Contraintes Opérationnelles, Unité de Neurophysiologie du Stress

Subjects
[SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience, [SCCO.PSYC]Cognitive science/Psychology, [PHYS.MECA.BIOM]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Biomechanics [physics.med-ph], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2020

11. Etude comparative entre un accélerometre de smartphone et une centrale inertielle xsens au cours d’un test de décélération de fauteuils roulants de sport

Author

Brassart, Florian, Bascou, Joseph, Weissland, Thierry, Laboratoire de biomécanique (LBM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Université Paris 13 (UP13), Laboratoire de l'intégration, du matériau au système (IMS), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Weissland, Thierry

Subjects
[SDV.MHEP.PHY] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2019

15. Manual wheelchair's turning resistance: swivelling resistance parameters of front and rear wheels on different surfaces.

Author

Fallot, Constantin, Bascou, Joseph, Pillet, Hélène, and Sauret, Christophe

Subjects
*WHEELCHAIRS, *MECHANICS (Physics)
Abstract

Daily locomotion with a manual wheelchair includes curvilinear movements. However, little is known about the resisting forces in play during turning manoeuvres where the wheels are generally both rolling and swivelling. This study aimed at quantifying the swivelling resistance parameters of several wheels on different surfaces and to evaluate the effect of the curvature radius on these parameters. A specific test bench was designed allowing the swivelling resistance parameters of a wheel rolling while swivelling to be determined. Seven wheels (3 front and 4 rear wheels), three surfaces (plywood, linoleum and carpet), two loads (25 and 45 kg) and five curvature radii (from 0 to 0.4 m) were tested through a full factorial design experiment. Results showed that the wheel type was the most influential factor on swivelling resistance parameters, followed by the surface and the curvature radius. The effect of the load on swivelling resistance parameters was found negligible when compared to the influence of other factors. A predictive model for swivelling resistance parameters of the different wheel/surface combinations was proposed, as a function of the curvature radius. This study allowed the swivelling resistance parameters of different wheel/surface combinations to be quantified, as a function of the curvature radius of the wheel trajectory. Combined with data on rolling resistance, these data could now be used to assess energy losses during real life ambulation or to achieve more realistic behaviour in virtual rehabilitation environment. Swivelling resistances are increased by carpet surfaces compared to tile surfaces. Conversely to rolling resistance, castors wheels are less prone to swivelling resistance than rear wheels The swivelling resistance of a wheel rolling while swivelling is decreased compared to a pure swivelling movement. Combined with data on rolling resistance, these data on swivelling resistance would allow energy loss during daily life activity to be determined or as input data for the control of wheelchair simulator in virtual environment used for rehabilitation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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16. Is bearing resistance negligible during wheelchair locomotion? Design and validation of a testing device

Author

Bascou, Joseph, Sauret, Christophe, Lavaste, Francois, Hélène, Pillet, Arts et Métiers ParisTech, HESAM Université (HESAM), Laboratoire de biomécanique (LBM), Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Biomecanique Humaine Georges Charpak, Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Arts et Métiers ParisTech, Administrateur Ensam, Compte De Service, and HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)

Subjects
wheelchair, bearing resistance, radial load, setting influence, axial load, rotation velocity, Mécanique [Sciences de l'ingénieur], wheelchair, rotation velocity, radial load, setting influence, bearing resistance, [SPI.MECA]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph], Wheelchair, bearing resistance, radial load, setting influence, axial load, rotation velocity, [SPI.MECA] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph], human activities, axial load
Abstract

International audience; Purpose: Among the different resistances occurring during wheelchair locomotion and that limit the user autonomy, bearing resistance is generally neglected, based on a few studies carried out in static conditions and by manufacturer’s assertion. Therefore, no special attention is generally paid to the mounting and the maintenance of manual wheelchair bearings. However, the effect of inadequate mounting or maintenance on wheelchair bearing resistance has still to be clarified. This study aimed at filling this gap by developing and validating a specific device allowing the measurement of wheelchair bearing friction, characterized by low speed velocities, with an accuracy lower than 0.003 Nm.Methods: The bearing resistance measured by the device was compared to free deceleration measurement, intra and inter operator reproducibility were assessed. A factorial experiment allowed the effects of various functioning parameters (axial and radial loads, velocity) to be classified.Results: The device allowed significant differences in the bearing resistance of static and rotating conditions to be measured, even if a relatively high proportionality was found between both conditions. The factorial experiment allowed the expected impact of the radial load on bearing resistance as well as the predominant effect of the axial load to be demonstrated.Conclusions: As a consequence, it appeared that the control of the axial load is compulsory for measurement purposes or during wheel mounting, to avoid significant increase of global resistance during wheelchair locomotion. The findings of this study could help enhancing the models which assess manual wheelchair mechanical power from its settings and use conditions.

Published
2017

17. Changes in wheelchair biomechanics within the first 120 minutes of practice: spatiotemporal parameters, handrim forces, motor force, rolling resistance and fore-aft stability.

Author

Eydieux, Nicolas, Hybois, Samuel, Siegel, Alice, Bascou, Joseph, Vaslin, Philippe, Pillet, Hélène, Fodé, Pascale, and Sauret, Christophe

Subjects
EDUCATION of people with disabilities, PSYCHOLOGICAL adaptation, BIOMECHANICS, GRIP strength, HAND, HUMAN locomotion, LEARNING strategies, MOTOR ability, SPACE perception, TIME, WHEELCHAIRS, TASK performance, BODY movement, PRE-tests & post-tests, EXERCISE intensity, TENSILE strength, RESISTANCE training
Abstract

Purpose: During manual wheelchair (MWC) skill acquisition, users adapt their propulsion technique through changes in biomechanical parameters. This evolution is assumed to be driven towards a more efficient behavior. However, when no specific training protocol is provided to users, little is known about how they spontaneously adapt during overground MWC locomotion. For that purpose, we investigated this biomechanical spontaneous adaptation within the initial phase of low-intensity uninstructed training. Materials and methods: Eighteen novice able-bodied subjects were enrolled to perform 120 min of uninstructed practice with a field MWC, distributed over 4 weeks. Subjects were tested during the very first minutes of the program, and after completion of the entire training protocol. Spatiotemporal parameters, handrim forces, motor force, rolling resistance and fore-aft stability were investigated using an instrumented field wheelchair. Results: Participants rapidly increased linear velocity of the MWC, thanks to a higher propulsive force. This was achieved thanks to higher handrim forces, combined with an improved fraction of effective force for startup but not for propulsion. Despite changes in mechanical actions exerted by the user on the MWC, rolling resistance remained constant but the stability index was noticeably altered. Conclusion: Even if no indication is given, novice MWC users rapidly change their propulsion technique and increase their linear speed. Such improvements in MWC mobility are allowed by a mastering of the whole range of stability offered by the MWC, which raises the issue of safety on the MWC. The learning process of manual wheelchair locomotion induces adaptations for novice users, who change their propulsion technique to improve their mobility. Several wheelchair biomechanical parameters change during the learning process, especially wheelchair speed, handrim forces, motor force, rolling resistance and fore-aft stability. Fore-aft stability on the wheelchair rapidly reached the tipping limits for users. Technical solutions that preserve stability but do not hinder mobility have to beimplemented, for instance by adding anti-tipping wheels rather than moving the seat forwards with respect to the rear wheels axle. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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20. Identifying knee prosthesis characteristics during swing phase through optimization

Author

Pontonnier, Charles, Villa, Coralie, Bascou, Joseph, Ecoles de Saint-Cyr Coëtquidan [Guer], École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes), Analysis-Synthesis Approach for Virtual Human Simulation (MIMETIC), Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Inria Rennes – Bretagne Atlantique, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-MEDIA ET INTERACTIONS (IRISA-D6), Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Télécom Bretagne-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Télécom Bretagne-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Télécom Bretagne-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Arts et Métiers ParisTech, HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM), CERAH, Institution Nationale des Invalides, Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Inria Rennes – Bretagne Atlantique, Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Télécom Bretagne-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Télécom Bretagne-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Télécom Bretagne-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and HESAM Université (HESAM)

Subjects
InformationSystems_MODELSANDPRINCIPLES, [PHYS.MECA.BIOM]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Biomechanics [physics.med-ph]
Abstract

International audience; This work deals with the use of motion data in an optimization pipeline to retrieve the mechanical properties of a prosthesis.

Published
2016

24. New-generation prosthetic feet: Comparative biomechanical evaluation and functional correlation in transtibial traumatic amputee during standing and walking

Author

Thomas-Pohl, Marie, primary, Facione, Julia, additional, Villa, Coralie, additional, Bascou, Joseph, additional, Bonnet, Xavier, additional, Azoulay, Didier, additional, Fode, Pascale, additional, Lapeyre, Eric, additional, Pillet, Hélène, additional, Borrini, Léo, additional, and Darmon, Linda, additional

Published
2017
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26. 2-D geometric model of wheelchair adjustment

Author

Vaslin, Philippe, Ben Touhami, Haythem, Zhao, Jinhua, Sauret, Christophe, Bascou, Joseph, FODE, Pascale, LAVASTE, Francois, Laboratoire d'Informatique, de Modélisation et d'Optimisation des Systèmes (LIMOS), Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de St Etienne-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Fonctionnement et conduite des systèmes de culture tropicaux et méditerranéens (UMR SYSTEM), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier (CIHEAM-IAMM), Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut de Biomecanique Humaine Georges Charpak, Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Arts et Métiers ParisTech, Laboratoire de biomécanique (LBM), Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CERAH, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de St Etienne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020]), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier (CIHEAM-IAMM), Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Université Paris 13 (UP13), Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de St Etienne (ENSM ST-ETIENNE)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Vaslin, Philippe, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de St Etienne-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Arts et Métiers ParisTech-Université Paris 13 (UP13)

Subjects
[PHYS.MECA.BIOM] Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Biomechanics [physics.med-ph], [PHYS.MECA.BIOM]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Biomechanics [physics.med-ph], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2014

27. Shoulder kinetics during start-up and propulsion with a manual wheelchair within the initial phase of uninstructed training.

Author

Hybois, Samuel, Siegel, Alice, Bascou, Joseph, Eydieux, Nicolas, Vaslin, Philippe, Pillet, Hélène, Fodé, Pascale, and Sauret, Christophe

Subjects
PHYSIOLOGICAL adaptation, ARM, DYNAMICS, KINEMATICS, LONGITUDINAL method, REHABILITATION, SHOULDER, WHEELCHAIRS, BODY movement, MOTION capture (Human mechanics)
Abstract

Purpose:Wheelchair locomotion is constraining for the upper limbs and involves a set of motor tasks that need to be learnt by a novice user. To understand this integration process, we investigated the evolution of shoulder kinetics during start-up and propulsion within the initial phase of low-intensity uninstructed training. Materials and methods:Seventeen novice able-bodied subjects performed a 120-min uninstructed practice distributed over 4 weeks. During the initial and final sessions, upper limbs kinematics and hand-rim kinetics were continuously collected. Inverse kinematics and dynamics coupled to a three-dimensional linked-segment model were used to compute shoulder net moments. Results:Participants increased the speed of the wheelchair with practice. In average, an increase of shoulder net moments and mechanical work during the push phase was observed. Conversely, during the recovery phase, participants slightly increased shoulder power but maintained a similar level of shoulder loading. However, individual evolutions allowed the definition of two groups defined as: “increasers”, who increased shoulder loading and mechanical work versus “decreasers”, who managed to limit shoulder loading while improving the wheelchair speed. Conclusion:These findings underline that individual adaptation strategies are essential to take into account when designing a rehabilitation protocol for wheelchair users. Implications for RehabilitationThe learning process of manual wheelchair locomotion is essential for the assimilation of motor tasks leading individuals to select their propulsion technique.Novice users display different learning strategies: some people increase shoulder loading very early but others spontaneously manage to increase the wheelchair speed while maintaining a constant level of shoulder loading.Wheelchair rehabilitation programs should be individualized to take into account the subject-specific learning strategy. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Published
2018
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28. Biomechanical analysis to understand and improvement of high level tennis wheelchair

Author

Bascou, Joseph, Laboratoire de biomécanique (LBM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Université Paris 13 (UP13), Ecole nationale supérieure d'arts et métiers - ENSAM, François Lavaste, STAR, ABES, and Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[SPI.OTHER]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Other, Manual wheelchair, Tennis fauteuil, Mechanical model, Fauteuil roulant manuel, [SPI.OTHER] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Other, Modélisation, Biomécanique, Biomechanics, Tennis wheelchair, Resistance to movement, Résistance au mouvement
Abstract

The development of Paralympics has done a lot for a more positive image of handicap and has opened up new opportunities for the practice of disability sport, known to be highly beneficial for the physical and psychological health of disabled people. Conducted in close partnership with a high level tennis player, this study focuses on the influence of the wheelchair settings on its behavior in order to adapt this behavior to wheelchair tennis playing. The study first highlighted the forces of resistance to straight line or rotating wheelchair movements, thanks to mechanical models validated by experiments. Then, the inertial parameters of the seated player's body segments were assessed by adapting a volumic model to the sitting position, and his propulsion at maximal velocity was studied, in order to understand the effect of the seat fore-and-aft position on this movement. Then, an experimental study proved the major influence of the center of gravity position on free rotation, which was modelized too.In a nutshell, this research work has led to a better understanding of the effects of the wheelchair settings on its behavior, its results have allowed to modify various settings on our partner's wheelchair and can be used as a basis for future wheelchair conception/design. They have also proved useful for conventional wheelchairs and in the meantime, our tennis player partner has become wheelchair tennis world champion…, Le développement et la médiatisation du sport de haut niveau, notamment en fauteuil roulant, ont changé l 'image du handicap et favorisé le développement d'infrastructures permettant la pratique handisport, reconnue comme bénéfique pour la santé physique et psychique des personnes handicapées...Dans ce contexte, en partenariat avec un joueur de tennis fauteuil de haut niveau, l'objet de ces travaux a été d'étudier l'influence des réglages du fauteuil roulant sur son comportement en match, afin de l'optimiser pour le sport concerné. Ces travaux se concentrent d'abord sur les résistances au mouvement, en particulier dans les paliers des roues, lors du roulement en ligne droite et en rotation. La méthode consiste à créer d'abord un modèle mécanique représentatif du mouvement pour ensuite le valider avec une série d'expérimentations et l'exploiter. L'étude du sportif en mouvement sur son fauteuil a nécessité l'adaptation d'un modèle volumique à une personne assise, avec estimation des paramètres inertiels par mesures rapides. Ce modèle a été appliqué à l'étude de la propulsion à vitesse maximale, pour vérifier l'influence de la position du siège sur ce mouvement. Enfin une étude expérimentale des paramètres influant sur la rotation du fauteuil a mis en avant la forte influence de la position du centre de gravité du sujet sur la rotation, corroborée par un modèle mécanique.Les résultats issus de ces travaux ont permis de mieux comprendre les influences des réglages sur le comportement du fauteuil, de modifier certains réglages pour le sportif et d'orienter la conception d'un nouveau fauteuil. Ces études ont par ailleurs eu des retombées sur les fauteuils conventionnels et entre temps, notre sportif est devenu N°1 mondial...

Published
2012

29. A method for the field assessment of rolling resistance properties of manual wheelchairs, Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering

Author

BASCOU, Joseph, SAURET, Christophe, PILLET, Hélène, VASLIN, Philippe, THOREUX, Patricia, and LAVASTE, François

Subjects
deceleration test, rolling resistance, wheelchair, 3D accelerometer, wheel, rolling resistance parameters, Mécanique: Biomécanique [Sciences de l'ingénieur]
Abstract

This article presents an examination and validation of a method to measure the field deceleration of a manual wheelchair (MWC) and to calculate the rolling resistances properties of the front and rear wheels. This method was based on the measurements of the MWC deceleration for various load settings from a 3D accelerometer. A mechanical model of MWC deceleration was developed which allowed computing the rolling resistance factors of front and rear wheels on a tested surface. Four deceleration sets were conducted on two paths on the same ground to test the repeatability. Two other deceleration sets were conducted using different load settings to compute the rolling resistance parameters (RPs). The theoretical decelerations of three load settings were computed and compared with the measured decelerations. The results showed good repeatability (variations of measures represented 6–11% of the nominal values) and no statistical difference between the path results. The rolling RPs were computed and their confidence intervals were assessed. For the last three sets, no significant difference was found between the theoretical and measured decelerations. This method can determine the specific rolling resistance properties of the wheels of a MWC, and be employed to establish a catalogue of the rolling resistance properties of wheels on various surfaces. The authors would like to thank the French National Research Agency (ANR) for its financial support to the SACR-FRM project (ANR-06-TecSan-020) and to the CERAH for the loan of all the manual wheelchairs evaluated in this work.

Published
2012

35. Is bearing resistance negligible during wheelchair locomotion? Design and validation of a testing device.

Author

Bascou J, Sauret C, Lavaste F, and Pillet H

Subjects
Equipment Design, Equipment Failure Analysis methods, Friction, Locomotion, Motion, Reproducibility of Results, Rotation, Sensitivity and Specificity, Stress, Mechanical, Weight-Bearing, Computer-Aided Design, Equipment Failure Analysis instrumentation, Wheelchairs
Abstract

Purpose: Among the different resistances occurring during wheelchair locomotion and that limit the user autonomy, bearing resistance is generally neglected, based on a few studies carried out in static conditions and by manufacturer's assertion. Therefore, no special attention is generally paid to the mounting and the maintenance of manual wheelchair bearings. However, the effect of inadequate mounting or maintenance on wheelchair bearing resistance has still to be clarified. This study aimed at filling this gap by developing and validating a specific device allowing the measurement of wheelchair bearing friction, characterized by low speed velocities, with an accuracy lower than 0.003 Nm., Methods: The bearing resistance measured by the device was compared to free deceleration measurement, intra and inter operator reproducibility were assessed. A factorial experiment allowed the effects of various functioning parameters (axial and radial loads, velocity) to be classified., Results: The device allowed significant differences in the bearing resistance of static and rotating conditions to be measured, even if a relatively high proportionality was found between both conditions. The factorial experiment allowed the expected impact of the radial load on bearing resistance as well as the predominant effect of the axial load to be demonstrated., Conclusions: As a consequence, it appeared that the control of the axial load is compulsory for measurement purposes or during wheel mounting, to avoid significant increase of global resistance during wheelchair locomotion. The findings of this study could help enhancing the models which assess manual wheelchair mechanical power from its settings and use conditions.

Published
2017

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