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The article discusses Lorenzo Giovannetti's book on Plato's philosophy, specifically focusing on the intertwining of being and logos in Plato's thought. The book covers three main themes: the theory of forms, the definition of knowledge as perception and its critique in the Theaetetus, and themes from the central digression in the Sophist. Giovannetti argues for a realist interpretation of Plato's philosophy, contrasting it with the sophistical view of truth and reality. The book offers insights into Platonic metaphysics, epistemology, and philosophy of language, and provides a macro-level account of Plato's thinking. [Extracted from the article]

This study raises the question whether it is possible, in Xunzi's 荀子 view, for someone who has gone through moral transformation to backslide. I consider three possible interpretations. On the first interpretation, one's dispositions are transformed by environmental forces. Backsliding is possible and likely. I rule out this interpretation because it is inconsistent with other aspects of Xunzi's thought. On the second interpretation, one's kind-determining constitution is transformed from a neutral constitution to a moral constitution. Backsliding is not possible because one has acquired a moral constitution that is insusceptible to bad environmental influences. On the third interpretation, to be transformed is to have accumulated significantly more moral knowledge than ordinary untransformed people. Backsliding is possible but unlikely. I will then explain why it is difficult to adjudicate between the second and third interpretations and suggest further issues in Xunzi's thought that need to be investigated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The concept of tradition has been deeply criticised from the French Enlightenment to the present day. Everything that refers to the past, the uses and concepts in the fields of philosophy, aesthetics, politics, and society have undergone great changes in pursuit of emancipation and a quest to be themselves in a new and original way, without depending on antecedent instances. However, from the thought of Luigi Pareyson (1918-1991), we discover the need for a revitalisation of the concept of tradition to be able to develop a revelatory thought about truth, being, and human experience. The Italian philosopher's itinerary starts from aesthetics and the analysis of the role of matter in it to go back to the conception of philosophy as hermeneutics as an interpretation of truth. Tradition will constitute a fundamental notion for aesthetics and hermeneutics and, therefore, for philosophy in general. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While the recognition of context as a dynamic construct is pervasive, the process of selecting context during utterance comprehension in real time remains largely unexamined. This paper addresses this issue by exploring the dynamism of context as part of joke interpretation. We assume a relevance-theoretic definition of context understood as a set of mental representations involved in inferential processes that operate on a propositionally incomplete linguistic form and yield a speaker-intended meaning, consisting of the explicit and implicit import. We also adopt a model of joke comprehension combining the standard notion of incongruity resolution with that of weak communication, positing that when the punchline comes there is a broad array of assumptions that suddenly become manifest to the hearer, as a result of which he experiences an effect of inferential overload. This effect hinges on the ability to obtain access to, or to inferentially construct contextual assumptions that were previously not immediately accessible to the hearer or not represented in their cognitive resources at all. By analysing jokes of various structure (with or without a build-up, one-liners) we explore details of the dynamism of context selection and construction, in which the hearer's encyclopaedic knowledge is essential. We provide arguments in favour of the view of context as an entity dependent on the hearer's mental representations, inferential abilities and the universal drive to maximize relevance in utterance comprehension. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cancellability – one of the most important tests for implicatures – has been attacked from different perspectives, and its reliability challenged by several cases and examples in which conversational implicatures seem to be hard or even impossible to cancel. To account for these phenomena, distinct approaches have been advanced aimed at weakening Grice's cancellability test. However, what do we exactly mean when we claim that an implicature cannot be cancelled? Grice pointed out that implicatures are triggered by a possible conflict with the cooperativeness principle, and for this reason it is always possible to opt out of the observation thereof. This theoretical possibility needs to be distinguished from the practical problem of explaining why some implicatures are intuitively less cancellable than others, or even not cancellable. To address this latter – practical – dimension of cancellability, the reasoning and the presumptive premises involved in drawing an implicature and justifying its cancellation needs to be represented and evaluated. This approach will be shown to provide a possible instrument for evaluating the reasonableness of cancellability and its costs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The article focuses on exploring the core myth of Orpheus and Eurydice, emphasizing the theme of denial and acceptance in the context of loss. Topics include the symbolic significance of Orpheus's failure to bring back Eurydice from the underworld, the portrayal of Eurydice as a passive figure, and parallels with modern experiences of grief and acceptance, as seen in C.S. Lewis's writings on the death of his wife.

This article is a book review of "Dansul măștilor. Nietzsche și filosofia interpretării" (The Dance of Masks. Nietzsche and the Philosophy of Interpretation) by George Bondor. The reviewer discusses how Bondor explores the concept of interpretation in Nietzsche's philosophy, arguing that interpretation is the act as such of the will to power. The reviewer highlights Bondor's emphasis on the non-metaphysical nature of the will to power and its role in constructing reality. The review concludes by acknowledging the complexity of Bondor's work and its significance in understanding Nietzsche's thought. [Extracted from the article]

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In this essay, I set out to construct a philosophical-conceptual sketch of so-called inventive conversation, with its poetic-political implications and contrasts to conventional or reproductive conversation. To this end, I turn to Gilles Deleuze and Felix Guattari's notion of rhizome as a fundamental via for the analysis, due to this reflection's heuristic potential and the broad possibilities for interpretative connection it generates in relation to ideas that emerge from diverse sources. First, the approach recovers some basic elements of the pragmatic-discursive perspective in the study of conversation as the primary figure of orality, before continuing to reflect on the defining elements of an inventive conversation (minoritary, creative, or unpredictable) necessarily related to ambiences of freedom through the characters and principles of the rhizomatic. The article ends with a brief conjugation of a political linkage that is anti-fascist in nature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examines Todd Lekan's interpretation of William James's moral philosophy and its relevance to contemporary moral deliberation. Lekan argues that moral philosophers should aim to foster healthy moral deliberation and establish an inclusive moral order. The article explores various examples, such as the comparison of cognitively disabled humans to animals, U.S. school shootings, and conflicts arising from limited resources and conflicting moral ideals. The author acknowledges the complexity of these issues and emphasizes the need to reconcile competing desires to find innovative solutions. The text also discusses the concepts of sympathy, personal demands, and the moral implications of desires. It touches on topics like school shootings and the war in Ukraine, highlighting the importance of understanding diverse perspectives and engaging in responsible self-fashioning. Ultimately, the author suggests that considering different viewpoints and engaging in moral consideration is essential for fostering a more tolerant and pluralistic world. [Extracted from the article]

Michel Foucault challenges any attempt to be reduced to simplistic definitions. Commemorating the 40th anniversary of his death cannot be merely a static presentation of his life and work. It is imperative to highlight his philosophical thought's vigor and internal dynamism. Foucault's philosophy is a sincere invitation addressed to all of us to engage in true thought experience, to turn inwardly and critically reflect on the forms of power through which we have been and are constituted, seeking the possibility to imagine new ways of being and relating to the world. Building upon impressions of Foucault's legacy, we present some interpretations of his philosophy intending to emphasize the beauty and importance of that thought experience which generates new interpretations and ensures the vital relevance of philosophy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Work on the understanding and interpretation of text and its meaning continues to be highly relevant topics in a wide range of disciplines, such as philosophy, literature, linguistics, history and psychology. In the field of philosophy, the text becomes an ideal space for reflection due to its ability to reveal ideas, values and human experiences. Hermeneutics is dedicated to the study of the text as the main object, but its applications extend to other areas such as the philosophy of language, anthropology, ontology, the theory of knowledge and epistemology. This work aims to analyze and compare the approaches of Gadamer and Lotman on the text, in order to establish a hermeneutical dialogue that allows us to better understand their conception on this important topic. The research is approached from a qualitative methodology, using the hermeneutic method. It is concluded that the hermeneutics of the text focuses on the interaction between the text, context and the reader. For Gadamer, this interaction is a dialogue between two world horizons: that of the author and that of the reader. The fusion of horizons allows a deep understanding of the text and its historical context. For his part, Lotman defines the text as a complex system with multiple levels of meaning. This polysemy invites the reader to actively participate in the construction of meaning, contributing their own perspective and experience. In this perspective, a relationship is evident between the concept of textsemiosphere proposed by Lotman and Gadamer's philosophical hermeneutics. Both areas of study focus on the interpretation of symbols and signs, as well as the creation of meaning through the interaction between the individual and their environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study examines reflections on freedom in the thinking of two important representatives of the democratizing changes in Czechoslovakia in the 1960s. Both Miroslav Kusý and Milan Hamada were among the original thinkers who dealt with the issue of the institutional and power determination of man and his freedom. Despite their different philosophical perspectives, both focused on seeking answers to questions about defining the conditions for the development of individual freedom, which was combined with an interest in the humanistic interpretation of Marxist philosophy. In this context, Kusý's thinking concentrated on the practical problem of social democratization, which he defined using the term "institutional revolution." In contrast to this perspective, the thinking of Milan Hamada was inspired by an interest in the issue of power interference in the creation of a space of personal freedom, which he interpreted from an existential-phenomenological point of view. The study will detail how both thinkers reflected on possible solutions to the struggle for freedom and human dignity, which is determined by the risk of a homogenising political power. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de Filosofía (0034-8244) is the property of Universidad Complutense de Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article delves into two interpretations of "uprightness" in the Analects – one psychological and one moral. Topics include the psychological and moral meanings of "uprightness," the debate between the Duke of She and Confucius in Analects 13.18, and arguments in favor of Confucius' position that fathers and sons should cover up for each other, with implications for Confucian society.

The purpose of this essay is to review the origins of qualitative research from the dawn of humanity to its consolidation as a way of doing scientific research in the social sciences. To this end, a historical route was undertaken that reveals from an incipient manifestation what over the years came to be called naturalistic or qualitative research. In the different texts reviewed in the Gadamerian style, complementing with other approaches as long as it has the characteristics of being holistic, multi-methodical, flexible and evolutionary, it accepts complementarity from narrative, understanding, comparison, interpretation to contextualization par excellence and is unequivocally admitted in the task and contribution of knowledge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The multiple contemporary crises are consequences of ethical disagreements resulting from the imposition of mythemes that support the expropriation of resources that make dignified ways of existence possible. In consideration, in society there are a wide series of myths that have the purpose of alienating human beings from the sensitive, rational and cultural capacities so that they reproduce the behaviors that benefit the continuity of the assembly lines that make reality the succession of events. merchandise as a correlate of capital accumulation. Consequently, this research aims to analyze the ethical limits of the biologist's interpretation of society. It is a bibliographical inquiry from the deductive rationalist approach. He considers that emancipations occur when communities appropriate the resources that allow them to shape culture as a manifestation of themselves, by validating equitable forms of coexistence based on the manifestation of human rights. It concludes that the liberation happens when recognizing the solidarity quality, with the purpose of vindicating compassionate coexistence, abilities to the human condition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article models legal interpretation through argumentation and provides a logical analysis of interpretive arguments, their conflicts, and the resulting indeterminacies. Interpretive arguments are modelled as defeasible inferences, which can be challenged and defeated by counterarguments and be reinstated through further arguments. It is shown what claims are possibly (defensibly) or necessarily (justifiably) supported by the arguments constructible from a given interpretive basis, i.e., a set of interpretive canons coupled with reasons for their application. It is finally established under what conditions such arguments provide single outcomes or rather support alternative interpretive conclusions, thus leading to propositions of law whose truth‐value is undetermined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Are interpersonal comparisons of desire possible? Can we give an account of how facts about desires are grounded that underpins such comparisons? This paper supposes the answer to the first question is yes, and provides an account of the nature of desire that explains how this is so. The account is a modification of the interpretationist metaphysics of representation that the author has recently been developing. The modification is to allow phenomenological affective valence into the "base facts" on which correct interpretation is grounded. To use this extra resource within that theory to vindicate interpersonal comparisons, we will need to appeal rational connections between level of valence and level of desire, which this paper sets out and examines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The interpretation of Parmenides' Περί Φύσεως is a fascinating topic to which philosophers, historians of philosophy and scientists have dedicated many studies along the history of Western thought. The aim of this paper is to present the reading of Parmenides's work offered by Federigo Enriques. It is based on several original theses: (1) Parmenides was the discoverer of abstract geometry; (2) his critics was addressed against the Pythagoreans rather than against Heraclitus; (3) Parmenides discovered and applied the contradiction and the third excluded principles in the context of his research on foundation of geometry; (4) Parmenides's metaphysical and physical conceptions have their bases in his speculation on geometry; (5) Parmenides used the principle of sufficient reason. Enriques's reading is worth being expounded and discussed within the historical, philosophical and scientific context in which it is inserted. Since Enriques's ideas are not widely known and discussed, my research has the purpose to fill this gap. The article also aims to provide elements to illustrate the discussion on Parmenides in the first half of the last century. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

I argue against a prevailing interpretation of Schopenhauer's account of inner awareness and world-understanding. Because scholars have typically taken on board the assumption that inner awareness is non-representational, they have concerned themselves in the main with how to transfer this immediate cognition of will in ourselves and apply it to our understanding of the world–as–representation. Some scholars propose that the relation of the world-as-will to the world-as-representation is to be understood in figurative or metaphorical terms. I disagree because, for Schopenhauer, inner awareness reveals a genuine philosophical truth. Some scholars also suggest that it is only via analogical transference that one can interpret the world as having the same inner nature as oneself. I disagree and point out the downside of this suggestion. I use both textual evidence and general philosophical considerations to demonstrate that inner awareness, for Schopenhauer, has a representational dimension. Overlooking this point has led scholars to misconstrue how inner awareness relates to world-understanding. I provide an alternative interpretation against figurative and analogical readings. I propose that, for Schopenhauer, we cognize partially a priori that all things are merely different expressions of the same activity that we are acquainted with in inner awareness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Logos: A Journal, of Religion, Philosophy Comparative Cultural Studies & Art (08687692) is the property of Logos and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article analyzes French philosopher, Michel de Montaigne's essay "Un traict de quelques ambassadeurs," focusing on the story of Crassus and the engineer. It explores how Montaigne uses this story to discuss communication, interpretation, and collaboration in hierarchical relationships. It highlights Montaigne's message that communication involves rational interpretation, collaboration, and shared cognitive understanding.

This paper argues for an interpretation of Chinese philosophy as the pursuit of the Dao rather than the popular reading of it as a kind of wisdom literature. I examine the shared pursuit of two major Chinese schools of thought: Daoism and Confucianism—Dao, and compare it to the task of philosophy represented in the works of two major western thinkers—Hegel and Heidegger. By investigating the Dao comparatively with Hegel's Concept and Heidegger's philosophia, I reveal the common quest of philosophical thinking in both traditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to make a philosophical approach to the theory of language in legal expressions, which increasingly establish measures that seek to differentiate the keys of the codes that have been budgeted from the theories of language in the construction of legal discourse, For this purpose, a theoretical analysis has been carried out, which from the philosophical theory can be appropriated by reviewing the sentence T 626 of 2022, where the Colombian constitutional court has detached itself from the forms and legal technicalities to be understandable to a child who acts as a receiver of the message. In such a way that this introduces a reflection that appropriates the interpretation of the law from the intellectual authors and not from the message, generating a significant transformation that must be considered within the legal hermeneutics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hermenutics, known as a paraphrase and interpretation philosophy, has been one of the most used interpretation efforts in literature as well as in many fields of science. From the beginning to the present, many explanations have taken place with the influence of the periods in which the author, the work, the environment, cultural factors or all of them were the focal point in the system of understanding and interpretation. Hermeneutic philosophy states that the meaning of the poem cannot be limited with the intention of the poet and adopts the idea that the meaning is not just the poet's world of ideas and symbols but comes into being by the intersection of the reader's or the interpreter's imagination. Among the literary works that can be evaluated in this context, classical poems are undoubtedly the most suitable ones for explanation and interpretation. In this study, the work named Deh Murg, which belongs to Dervish Şemsî, one of the 16th century poets of Classical poetry, will be discussed. Apart from the effect of Dervish Şemsî's period, social and cultural life, literary style on the work, and the reflection of the inspiration he received from the poets of the period and the poets before him on Deh Murg, the similarities and differences of the work with the era in which it was written will be evaluated within the framework of hermeneutic interpretation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Starting from Del Noce’s trans-politica vision of contemporary history, this article argues that Gramsci’s interpretation of Marx’s philosophy of praxis had foreseen main aspects of postmodern ideology. Both postmodern thinking and Gramscism are a way of thinking based on the divinization of immanence just like Marx argued. Therefore, both Gramsci and postmodern ideology have been deeply influencing progressive political culture which is currently hegemonic in the intellectual and academic networks of the West. As a consequence of this fact, Marxism failed on the political level but its historical materialism constitutes the deep grammar of the current system of beliefs of our societies. Nevertheless, the final outcome of the cultural, philosophical and political progressive ideology is nihilism (Del Noce). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on the Confucian classic Great Learning and its eight aims, examining the sequence among these aims and their interpretations. Topics include the ideals for the mission of Great Learning; different interpretations of the eight aims; and the nature of the sequence in achieving them. The author proposes a developmental and concurrent temporal progression for pursuing these aims throughout one's life, drawing on German-American psychologist Erik Erikson's developmental theory.

The essential proposal of this research article is based on the analysis, from the point of view of Marxism, of the political impact that this form of thought and social analysis generated to understand the intellectual and political transformations to the extent that the conditions of oppression arising from class antagonisms have remained in force; Marxism continues to be a source of interpretation and analysis to understand the idea of human emancipation. Concepts such as class struggle and the capital-labor contradiction are irrefutable when we analyze society, its structure and its profoundly unequal composition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This essay is concerned with the printed texts of two of Sir Philip Sidney's books: the sonnet sequence Astrophel and Stella, published by the stationer Thomas Newman in 1591, and An Apologie for Poetrie, published by the stationer Henry Olney in 1595. While the current scholarly consensus is that Newman's Astrophel and Stella was a "pirated" text, "suppressed" when the social elite (headed by Lord Burghley) intervened to prevent the book's being read, the present essay challenges this interpretation through a new reading of the material record that offers a fuller account of the publication histories of both sets of sonnets, and of the origins of Olney's publication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a review of the book "Plato. Master Thinker of Antiquity" written by Thomas A. Szlezák. The author seeks to integrate the results of his research on Plato in three fundamental aspects: the hermeneutics of the dialogues, his metaphysical conception, and philosophical communication in Plato. The book is divided into three parts that address the life, work, and thought of Plato, and culminates with two appendices on the Seventh Letter and Platonic irony. The author offers an attractive and comprehensive image of Plato, correcting the interpretation of his philosophy as a theory of the two worlds. [Extracted from the article]

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Copyright of Zeitschrift für Kulturphilosophie is the property of Felix Meiner Verlag GmbH and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article, written by Motsamai Molefe, explores the purpose of doing philosophy and its intellectual service to humanity. Molefe discusses Kwame Gyekye's views on the nature and function of philosophy, emphasizing conceptual analysis as a way to gain clarity, proper meaning, and understanding of complex issues, leading to a gateway of truth.

For many decades, Duhem has been considered a paradigmatic instrumentalist, and while some commentators have argued against classifying him in this way, it still seems prevalent as an interpretation of his philosophy of science. Yet such a construal bears scant resemblance to the views presented in his own works—so little, indeed, that it might be said to constitute no more than a mere phantom with respect to his actual thought. In this article, we aim to deconstruct this phantom, tracing the sources of the misconceptions surrounding his ideas and pinpointing the sources and/or causes of its proliferation. We subsequently point out and discuss those elements of his philosophy that, taken together, support the view of him as a scientific realist of a sophisticated kind. Finally, we defend our own interpretation of his thought against suggestions to the effect that it is oriented towards neither instrumentalism nor scientific realism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The past 20th century has witnessed a renewed interest in the approaches of Aristotelian philosophy, especially from the hand of the German philosopher Martin Heidegger. Well, along with this return to the study of peripatetic philosophy, a new interest in the philosophy of being of Thomas Aquinas has emerged as a parallel, particularly in his notion of esse ut actus essendi. This has led to various lines of research, sometimes confronted, which have dealt mainly with the question of the Tomasian reception of the notion of being and the aspects involved in it. In this work we will try to make known some important aspects of this reception, as well as of those different lines of interpretation confronted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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This paper discusses the relation between the transition from authenticity (a technology for shaping identity through the pursuit of originality) to "profilicity" (a technology for shaping identity through the curation, display, and validation of profiles) and the transition towards postmodernist philosophy in the 19th and 20th century. By analyzing core passages from the works of Friedrich Nietzsche, Ludwig Wittgenstein, Jacques Derrida, and Jean Baudrillard, it is argued that their philosophies of interpretation, language-games, signs, and simulation are compatible with modes of identity formation under conditions of profilicity. More specifically, it is suggested that performative, immanent, and constructivist views of interpretation, language, signs, and hyperreality typical of postmodernism correspond to a performative, immanent and constructivist conception of (individual and collective) identity in profilicity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A raft of recent "philosophical" interpretations have emerged within biblical studies. They have in common the expectation that ideas from the discipline of philosophy will be helpful for understanding the biblical texts. However, the way in which they engage the two varies, and it is their methods that are teased out in this article. I offer a simple trajectory of approaches for works in this area, marked by two ends of characteristic disciplinary habits: using the Hebrew Bible/Old Testament for philosophical reflection and using philosophy for biblical interpretation. In this, the article sketches a much-needed research profile for a lively subdiscipline. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Interpretation bias (IB) and safety behaviors (SB) are maintenance mechanisms of social anxiety (SA). However, few studies have examined the role of IB and SB together in explaining SA. The objective of this study was to determine whether SB explains the association between IB and SA. To evaluate these variables, the Adolescents' Interpretation and Beliefs Questionnaire (AIBQ 2.0) and the Social Phobia Safety Behaviors Scale (SPSBS) needed to be adapted for Spanish adolescents and young people. Method: 826 Spanish vocational training students (60% males, 14--28 years old) completed a measure of SA and the AIBQ 2.0 and SPSBS. Results: Path analysis showed that IB in offline scenarios was associated with SA through SB. IB in offline situations, but not in online situations, was directly associated with SA. As expected, the AIBQ 2.0 showed a two-dimensional structure and good internal consistency. The SPSBS demonstrated a unidimensional structure and good internal consistency. Conclusions: In the absence of longitudinal studies, the data are compatible with the possible mediating role of SB in the association between IB and SA. Both instruments (AIBQ 2.0 and SPSBS) exhibited good psychometric properties for Spanish students [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A literary criticism of the book "The Lyric Theory Reader" edited Virginia Jackson, Yopie Prins is presented. It further discusses about that lyricization occludes the categories; exploring the context and potential deficiencies of American literary critic Jonathan Culler's lyric theory; the language of literary works focused on elements that most contribute to a complex interpretation of the poem; and erasing generic differences between poems.