Search

Background Stroke is a major cause of disability worldwide, with an expected rise of global burden in the next twenty years throughout Europe. This EBPP represents the official position of the European Union through the UEMS Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine (PRM) Section and designates the professional role of PRM physicians for people with stroke. The aim of this study is to improve PRM physicians' professional practice for persons with stroke in order to promote their functioning and enhance quality of life. Methods A systematic review of the literature including a ten-year period and a consensus procedure by means of a Delphi process has been performed involving the delegates of all European countries represented in the UEMS PRM Section. Results The systematic literature review is reported together with 78 recommendations resulting from the Delphi procedure. Conclusions The professional role of PRM physicians for persons with stroke is to improve specialized rehabilitation services worldwide in different settings and to organize and manage the comprehensive rehabilitation programme for stroke survivors considering all impairments, comorbidities and complications, activity limitations and participation restrictions as well as personal and environmental factors.

espanolEn la presente investigacion se ponen de manifiesto los avances y las carencias en la lexicografia electronica, en general, y en los diccionarios electronicos de fraseologia bilingue, en particular. Para empezar, se propone una determinacion terminologica y conceptual con la intencion de diferenciar las denominaciones que suelen emplearse al trabajar con este tipo de obras. En el apartado de analisis, se realiza un estudio pormenorizado de la fraseografia electronica y en papel, disponible en espanol-catalan y otras lenguas, y se reflexiona en torno a las mejoras que podrian aplicarse con el fin de establecer las bases para la futura elaboracion de una obra de este tipo EnglishThis research aims to show the advances and the weak points of the electronic lexicography, in general, and of the electronic dictionaries of bilingual phraseology, in particular. First of all, a conceptual and terminological determination is proposed with the intention of differentiating the denominations that are usually related to this format. In the analysis section, a detailed study of the electronic and paper phraseography, available in Spanish-Catalan and other languages, is carried out. In addition, the reflection is made on the improvements that could be implemented with the purpose of establishing the bases for the future elaboration of a dictionary of this type.

espanolEn marzo de 2020, la Union Europea decidio iniciar las negociaciones de adhesion con Albania, pais candidato desde 2014. Para alcanzar este importante objetivo, en el largo camino de la integracion europea, Albania tenia que cumplir con una serie de requisitos. Entre ellos, la centralidad de los derechos humanos que afecta a la aplicacion de las politicas destinadas a integrar a las minorias, asi como a conceder derechos sociales a los ciudadanos desfavorecidos (La Cava Nanetti 2000, Solidar 2016). En este escenario, la evolucion de los conocimientos profesionales de los trabajadores sociales albaneses desempena un papel relevante. En terminos academicos y profesionales, el Trabajo Social tiene una escasa tradicion en Albania, como en la mayoria de los paises postcomunistas (Hoti 2015). Para hacer frente a las dificultades de la evolucion profesional y academica del Trabajo Social y facilitar un proceso de europeizacion de la prestacion de servicios sociales en Albania, la Comision Europea ha financiado el proyecto T@SK “Towards Increased Awareness, Responsibility and Shared Quality in Social work” (2017-2020). El objetivo principal del proyecto consiste en fortalecer la prestacion de servicios sociales en Albania mediante la potenciacion del sistema de Educacion Superior en la formacion de Trabajo Social. El consorcio incluye a todas las universidades publicas que ofrecen cursos de Grado y Master en Trabajo Social en Albania – Universidad de Tirana, Universidad de Shkoder y Universidad de Elbasan – y a la Universidad de Florencia, la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, el ISCTE de Lisboa y el Colegio (l’Ordine) Profesional de Trabajadores Sociales de la Region Toscana como instituciones de Educacion Superior de los paises del programa. El proyecto funciona a tres niveles: actualizacion teorica y empirica entre los socios del proyecto; triangulacion de conocimientos, cooperacion transdisciplinaria con las partes interesadas de la sociedad e innovacion digital; y la seleccion y difusion de las mejores practicas. El proyecto se encuentra en su etapa final, y es posible elaborar el principal marco teorico y empirico adoptado, los resultados logrados y los retos para crear un entorno favorable al desarrollo de la profesion del Trabajo Social en Albania. El articulo trata de arrojar algo de luz sobre la evolucion de las practicas de Trabajo Social en Albania, centrandose en los antecedentes sociales y culturales del pais y describiendo los principales logros del proyecto T@SK. EnglishIn March 2020, the European Union decided to open accession negotiations with Albania, candidate country since 2014. In order to achieve this important goal in the long path of European integration, Albania had to pursue a set of requirements. Among them, the centrality of human rights affects the implementation of policies aiming at integrating minorities, as well as at granting social rights to unprivileged citizens (La Cava Nanetti 2000, Solidar 2016). In this scenario, the evolution of the professional expertise of Albanian social workers plays a relevant role. In academic and professional terms, social work has a poor tradition in Albania, as in most of post-communist countries (Hoti 2015). In order to face the difficulties of the professional and academic evolution of social work and to facilitate a process of Europeanisation of the Social Services delivery in Albania, the European Commission has funded the project T@sk Towards Increased Awareness, Responsibility and Shared Quality in Social work (2017-2020). The main aim of the project consists in strengthening the delivery of Social Services in Albania through the empowerment of the Higher Education system in social work. The consortium includes all public universities offering BA and MA courses in social work in Albania – University of Tirana, University of Shkoder and University of Elbasan –, and the University of Florence, the UCM of Madrid, the ISCTE of Lisbon and the Professional Order of Social workers of the Tuscany Region as Higher Education institutions of the program countries. The project operates at three levels: peer-to peer theoretical and empirical update amongst the project partners; triangulation of knowledge, transdisciplinary cooperation with the societal stakeholders and digital innovation; selection and dissemination of best practices. The project was concluded in December 2020 and it is possible to elaborate on the main theoretical and empirical framework adopted, on the results achieved, and on the challenges to create a favorable environment for the development of social work profession in Albania. The article sheds light in the pattern of evolution of social work practices in Albania, focusing on the social and cultural background of the country, and describing the main achievements of the T@sk project.

The United States, China, and Japan responded to the Cold War with three distinct orientations towards nuclear weapons. The US decision to bomb Hiroshima and Nagasaki was the product of a mentality that did not distinguish between nuclear weapons and conventional weapons. A non-nuclear China refused to capitulate in the face of repeated US nuclear threats, but these were terrifying experiences that prompted China to develop its own nuclear weapons. Japan responded to being the only nation attacked with nuclear weapons by positioning itself as a leading advocate for nuclear disarmament while simultaneously and surreptitiously collaborating with its attacker to prevent Japan from being struck again. The pattern of interaction that developed between these three nations inhibits progress towards nuclear arms control and disarmament. Changing that pattern by facilitating a more equitable trilateral dialogue on nuclear weapons may remove this inhibition.

Y-chromosome dataset of worldwide populations for ancient DNA sample placement published as part of the paper: "Placing ancient DNA sequences into reference phylogenies".

Contains fulltext : 237435.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access) Objective: We evaluated reporting completeness and transparency in randomised controlled trials (RCTs) conducted using administrative data based on 2021 CONSORT Extension for Trials Conducted Using Cohorts and Routinely Collected Data (CONSORT-ROUTINE) criteria. Study Design and Setting: MEDLINE and the Cochrane Methodology Register were searched (2011 and 2018). Eligible RCTs used administrative databases for identifying eligible participants or collecting outcomes. We evaluated reporting based on CONSORT-ROUTINE, which modified eight items from CONSORT 2010 and added five new items. Results: Of 33 included trials (76% used administrative databases for outcomes, 3% for identifying participants, 21% both), most were conducted in the United States (55%), Canada (18%), or the United Kingdom (12%). Of eight items modified in the extension; six were adequately reported in a majority (>50%) of trials. For the CONSORT-ROUTINE modification portion of those items, three items were reported adequately in >50% of trials, two in

It is well recognised that adolescents and young adults (AYA) with cancer have inequitable access to oncology services that provide expert cancer care and consider their unique needs. Subsequently, survival gains in this patient population have improved only modestly compared with older adults and children with cancer. In 2015, the European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) and the European Society for Paediatric Oncology (SIOPE) established the joint Cancer in AYA Working Group in order to increase awareness among adult and paediatric oncology communities, enhance knowledge on specific issues in AYA and ultimately improve the standard of care for AYA with cancer across Europe. This manuscript reflects the position of this working group regarding current AYA cancer care, the challenges to be addressed and possible solutions. Key challenges include the lack of specific biological understanding of AYA cancers, the lack of access to specialised centres with age-appropriate multidisciplinary care and the lack of available clinical trials with novel therapeutics. Key recommendations include diversifying interprofessional cooperation in AYA care and specific measures to improve trial accrual, including centralising care where that is the best means to achieve trial accrual. This defines a common vision that can lead to improved outcomes for AYA with cancer in Europe.

Studies in Psychology / Estudios de Psicologia, is a four-monthly journal that seeks to promote and develop the discussion and reflection of cutting-edge research on Psychology. This journal is int...

Background Acquired brain injury (ABI) is damage to the brain that occurs after birth caused either by a traumatic or by a nontraumatic injury. The rehabilitation process following ABI should be performed by a multi-professional team, working in an interdisciplinary way, with the aim of organizing a comprehensive and holistic approach to persons with every severity of ABI. This Evidence Based Position Paper represents the official position of the European Union through the UEMS Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine (PRM) Section and designates the professional role of PRM physicians for people with ABI. The aim was to formulate recommendations on the PRM physician's professional practice for persons with ABI in order to promote their functioning and enhance quality of life. Methods This paper has been developed according to the methodology defined by the Professional Practice Committee of the UEMS-PRM Section: a systematic literature search has been performed in PubMed and Core Clinical Journals. On the basis of the selected papers, recommendations have been made as a result of five Delphi rounds. Results The literature review as well as thirty-one recommendations are presented. Conclusions The expert consensus is that structured, comprehensive and holistic rehabilitation program delivered by the multi-professional team, working in an interdisciplinary way, with the leadership and coordination of the PRM physician, is likely to be effective, especially for those with severe disability after brain injury.

Bu makale, tıp ve sağlık bilimleri alanında küresel olarak bilgi alışverişine büyük talep olması nedeniyle tıbbi dergilerin uluslararası dergilerde çevrilmesine odaklanmaktadır. Bu ise beraberinde özellikle uzak dil ve kültürler arasında çevirilere son halini verecek anadili İngilizce olan profesyonel çevirmenlerin bulunmaması nedeniyle uluslararası akademik dergilerde ortaya çıkan çeviri sorununu gündeme getirmektedir. Çevirinin doğal olarak yönünün yabancı dilden anadile doğru olmasına ve özgün bilginin en iyi ana dilde üretilmesine karşın bilimsel arenada değişen koşullar günümüzde çevirinin yönünü anadilden hedef dile çevirmiştir. Bu nedenle ilk olarak, çeviri ve çeviride optimizasyon kavramı hem kuramsal olarak hem de uygulama açısından tartışılarak yazar ve alan uzmanı olmayan profesyonel çevirmenleri bekleyen engeller tıp ve sağlık bilimleri alanındaki makalelerden seçilen örneklerle açıklanacaktır. İkinci olarak “akışkan ilerleyen” bir çeviri modeli çerçevesinde tıp makaleleri esas alınarak hem dilsel hem de çeviri işlemleri açısından sorgulanmış ve çevirinin en üst düzeye erişene dek hangi aşamalardan geçtiği örnekleriyle sunulmuştur. Sonuç olarak bu yazı çeviri etkinliğini tıp ve sağlık bilimleri alanında yayınlanan dergilerde kaçınılmaz bir sorumluluk olarak konumlandırmayı ve iş bölümüne dayalı bir görev anlayışı içerisinde kurumsallaştırmayı amaçlamaktadır., This paper focusses on the translation of medical papers in international journals since there is a huge demand for the global exchange of knowledge in the field of medicine and health sciences. This brings forth the issue of translation in academic journals, especially in distant cultures, where it is difficult to find natural speakers and professional translators to edit and optimize the last version of the papers. Although the direction of translation is normally considered from Language 2 to Language 1, it has changed its course from language 1 to Language 2 in face of changing conditions in scientific arena even if the knowledge is best produced in one’s mother tongue. Accordingly, this paper first discusses the concept of translation both theoretically and in practice to explain the barriers awaiting the Turkish authors and professional translators who are not specialist in the field of medical sciences through the examples selected from the medical academic journals. Second, it questions both linguistic and translation procedures in consideration for the textual features of the medical papers within the framework of a scrolling-down translation model to exemplify what stages translation should undergo in reaching the optimal level. Finally, this paper aims to position the translation activity as an indispensable responsibility of international journals of medical sciences and institutionalize it as a task based on the division of labor.

Background Pain is a frequent complaint from patients undergoing rehabilitation. It can be a major problem and can lead to several activity limitations and participation restrictions. For this reason, when the Professional Practice Committee (PPC) of the Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine (PRM) Section of the European Union of Medical Specialists (UEMS) decided to prepare evidence-based practice position papers (EBPPs) on the most relevant fields of PRM, a paper on the role of the PRM specialist on pain conditions was also included. The goals of this paper are to provide recommendations on the PRM physician's role in pain management; how to address this major problem and what is the best evidence-based approach for the PRM physician in acute and chronic pain conditions. This paper follows the methodology defined by the Professional Practice Committee of the UEMS-PRM Section. Methods A systematic literature search in PubMed was carried out and the results obtained from filtered papers were subjected to four Delphi rounds. Results Fifteen recommendations were obtained from the Consensus Process and systematic review and were approved by all of the delegates of the UEMS-PRM Section. It is recommended that PRM physicians focus on pain as a primary aim of their interventions, in whatever field they are applying their competencies. It is also recommended that the approach to pain focuses either on reducing the symptoms and improving functioning/reducing disability or recurrences and improving the health condition in the long term avoiding chronicity. Conclusions Every PRM specialist encounters the problem of pain and some specialize in this field and their role is greater than that of the regular PRM doctor. Based on the evidence available, it is reasonable to determine the role of the physiatrist in managing pain.

Electron beam lithography (EBL) was used for preparing nanostructured reduced patterns on the GO paper surface, while preserving its mechanical resistance and flexibility. Different EBL parameters, like dose and time of exposure for patterning were tested. SEM analysis showed the consequent increase of contrast of the reduced stripes on the patterned regions due to the increase of electron beam doses. Moreover, surface potential microscopy experiments also exhibited a clear contrast between the patterned and non-patterned regions. Structural analysis of the patterned paper through X-ray diffraction and nanoindentation showed that the interlayer distance between GO sheets decreases after reduction allowing the increase of the Hardness and Young modulus that makes this material able to be manipulated and integrated on different devices. Furthermore, we also observe that exposed areas to electron beam reduction process show an increase in the electrical conductivity up to 3 × 104 times. The developed flexible GO films can have interesting applications such as biosensors or templates for inducing tissue regeneration, by providing a surface with differently patterned cues with contrasting electron mobility. Preliminary in vitro studies with L929 fibroblasts support the cytocompatible nature of this patterned GO paper., Gil Gonçalves thanks the Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia for the PostDoc grant (SFRH/BDP/84419/2012). P.A.A.P.M. acknowledge the FCT/MCTES for a research contract under the Program Investigator 2013 (IF/00917/2013/CP1162/CT0016) and TEMA – Centre for Mechanical Technology and Automation (UID/EMS/00481/2013), financed by national funds through the FCT/MEC. I.B. wish to acknowledge the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology for the financial support (grant IF/00582/2015). H·I·S.N. acknowledges CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007679 (FCT Ref. UID/CTM/50011/2013), financed by national funds through the FCT/MEC and when appropriate co-financed by FEDER under the PT2020 Partnership Agreement. The biological studies of this work have been funded by the Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad and the Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (MAT2016-78857-R, MINECO/FEDER, UE). AGM and MCS acknowledge ISCIII-MINECO-FEDER for respective contracts. Authors would like to thank Dr M. Teresa Portolés from the Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department at Universidad Complutense de Madrid for the generous supply of L929 fibroblasts. Dr José Ángel Rodríguez and Dr Javier Mazarío from the Service of Microscopy and Image Analysis at the Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos are acknowledged for assistance with CLSM studies and Dr Enrique Rodríguez from the Servicio Interdepartamental de Investigación at the Universidad Autónoma de Madrid for SEM studies., info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion

Cardiovascular conditions are significant causes of mortality and morbidity leading to substantial disability. The aim of the paper is to improve Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine (PRM) physicians' professional practice for people with cardiovascular conditions in order to promote their functioning and to reduce activity limitations and/or participation restrictions. A systematic review of the literature and a Consensus procedure by means of a Delphi process have been performed involving the delegates of all European countries represented in the UEMS PRM Section. The systematic literature review is reported together with thirty recommendations resulting from the Delphi procedure. The professional role of PRM physicians having expertise in the rehabilitation of cardiovascular conditions is to lead cardiac rehabilitation programs in multiprofessional teams, working in collaboration with other disciplines in a variety of settings to improve functioning of people with cardiovascular conditions. This evidence-based position paper represents the official position of the European Union through the UEMS PRM Section and designates the professional role of PRM physicians in persons with cardiovascular conditions.

German Abstract: Dieser Beitrag uber die Zukunft der Europaischen Union zeichnet die historische Entwicklung uber die Frage "Wo kommen wir her?" uber die Frage "Wo stehen wir?" nach. Anschliesend wird die Frage "Wo wollen wir hin?" anhand des Weisbuchprozess der Europaischen Kommission erortert. Der Autor skizziert kurz die verschiedenen Szenarien des Weisbuch, um abschliesend mogliche Bausteine fur die Zukunft der EU im Jahre 2025 zu identifizieren. English Abstract: This paper on the future of the European Union traces the historical development from the question "Where have we come from?" to the question "Where are we?". Then the question "Where do we want to go?" is discussed on the basis of the European Commission's White Paper process. The author briefly outlines the different scenarios of the White Paper to conclude by identifying possible building blocks for the future of the EU in 2025.