486,765 results
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2. What we don't need to prove but need to do in multidisciplinary treatment and care in Huntington's disease: a position paper
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Mühlbӓck, Alzbeta, van Walsem, Marleen, Nance, Martha, Arnesen, Astri, Page, Kirsty, Fisher, Alexandra, van Kampen, Manon, Nuzzi, Angela, Limpert, Roy, Fossmo, Hanne L., Cruickshank, Travis, Veenhuizen, Ruth, Elderly care medicine, APH - Aging & Later Life, and APH - Quality of Care
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Pharmacology (medical) ,General Medicine ,Genetics (clinical) - Abstract
Background Huntington’s disease is a complex neurodegenerative hereditary disease with symptoms in all domains of a person’s functioning. It begins after a healthy start in life and leads through the relentless progression over many years to complete care dependency and finally death. To date, the disease is incurable. The long progressive complex nature of the disease demands multiple disciplines for treatment and care of patient and family. These health care providers need inter- and multidisciplinary collaboration to persevere and be efficacious in this devastating disease trajectory. Discussion The position paper outlines current knowledge and experience alongside the experience and consensus of a recognised group of HD multidisciplinary experts. Additionally the patient’s voice is clear and calls for health care providers with a holistic view on patient and family. Building long-term trust is a cornerstone of the network around the patient. This paper describes a managed care network comprising all the needed professionals and services. In the health care system, the role of a central coordinator or case manager is of key importance but lacks an appropriate guideline. Other disciplines currently without guidelines are general practitioners, nurses, psychologists, and social workers. Guidelines for neurologists, psychiatrists, geneticists, occupational therapists, speech and language therapists, physiotherapists, dieticians, and dentists are being discussed. Apart from all these profession-specific guidelines, distinctive inter- and multidisciplinary collaboration requirements must be met. Conclusions and recommendations The complex nature of Huntington's disease demands multidisciplinary treatment and care endorsed by international regulations and the lay association. Available guidelines as reviewed in this paper should be used, made available by a central body, and updated every 3–5 years. Time needs to be invested in developing missing guidelines but the lack of this ‘proof’ should not prevent the ‘doing’ of good care.
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- 2023
3. Trends in Paper-Based Sensing Devices for Clinical and Environmental Monitoring
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Shekher Kummari, Lakshmi R. Panicker, Jagadeeswara Rao Bommi, Sampath Karingula, Venisheety Sunil Kumar, Kuldeep Mahato, and Kotagiri Yugender Goud
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Paper ,screening and diagnosis ,optical sensors ,Clinical Biochemistry ,Biomedical Engineering ,electrochemical sensors ,Bioengineering ,General Medicine ,Biosensing Techniques ,Electrochemical Techniques ,biosensors ,4.1 Discovery and preclinical testing of markers and technologies ,Analytical Chemistry ,Detection ,paper-based sensing devices ,Environmental Pollutants ,Biochemistry and Cell Biology ,Instrumentation ,Engineering (miscellaneous) ,Ecosystem ,Biotechnology ,clinical diagnostics ,environmental monitoring - Abstract
Environmental toxic pollutants and pathogens that enter the ecosystem are major global issues. Detection of these toxic chemicals/pollutants and the diagnosis of a disease is a first step in efficiently controlling their contamination and spread, respectively. Various analytical techniques are available to detect and determine toxic chemicals/pathogens, including liquid chromatography, HPLC, mass spectroscopy, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. However, these sensing strategies have some drawbacks such as tedious sample pretreatment and preparation, the requirement for skilled technicians, and dependence on large laboratory-based instruments. Alternatively, biosensors, especially paper-based sensors, could be used extensively and are a cost-effective alternative to conventional laboratory testing. They can improve accessibility to testing to identify chemicals and pollutants, especially in developing countries. Due to its low cost, abundance, easy disposal (by incineration, for example) and biocompatible nature, paper is considered a versatile material for the development of environmentally friendly electrochemical/optical (bio) sensor devices. This review presents an overview of sensing platforms constructed from paper, pointing out the main merits and demerits of paper-based sensing systems, their fabrication techniques, and the different optical/electrochemical detection techniques that they exploit.
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- 2023
4. Bisphenol A monitoring during anaerobic degradation of papers with thermochromic prints in soil
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Kristinka Vinković, Marina Vukoje, Mirela Rožić, and Nives Galić
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Environmental Engineering ,General Medicine ,Anaerobic degradation ,Bisphenol A ,HPLC-UV ,Paper ,Soil ,Thermochromic ink ,Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law ,Waste Management and Disposal - Abstract
Pseudoestrogene bisphenol A (BPA) can be important ingredient of thermochromic inks, increasingly used materials in thermal printing paper, security printing, advertising, design and as temperature indicators in medicine and food industry. BPA mass fraction in thermochromic inks can be up to several percent. Hence, disposal of items with thermochromic prints pose a risk of environmental pollution. In this work BPA mass fraction was monitored during anaerobic degradation of papers with thermochromic prints in soil in both matrices: papers and soil. The degradation conditions simulated deeper layers of waste at a landfill site. Six types of papers with prints of thermochromic ink containing 2% of BPA were subjected to anaerobic degradation over up to 150 days.
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- 2023
5. Industrial deinking paper sludge waste: toxicity risk and health effects assessment of heavy metals by USEtox model
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Khouloud Abida, Khaoula Boudabbous, Layla Ben Ayed, Mariem Barbouchi, Sabiha Bachwell, and Naima Kolsi Benzina
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Deinking paper sludge waste ,Heavy metals ,Human toxicity ,Life Cycle Impact Assessment ,USEtox model ,General Medicine - Abstract
Disposal of waste sludges produced in large amounts in the paper industry could generate significant environmental and health issues. One strategy to address them involves revalorization of deinking paper sludge (DPS) by reusing it as fertilizer. However, the possible human health risks associated with the use of DPS are still not well explored. The main objective of this report was to estimate DPS impacts on human toxicity. To achieve this goal, heavy metals analysis of the DPS waste (Cadmium; Cd, Copper; Cu; Molybdenum; Mo, Manganese; Mn; Lead; Pb; Cobalt; Co) was conducted. The assessment of human toxicity was performed by applying the UNEP/SETAC toxicity modelUSEtox 2.0to establish indicators that reflect the potential health damage of these chemicals when released into the environment. Laboratory analysis, revealed a very low concentration of the DPS by the metallic contaminants (Cd, Cu, Mo, Mn, Pb, Co). According to the USEtox model results, these quantities will not lead to either carcinogenic or non-carcinogenic risks on human health even if there is a use of very high quantities of DPS. Indeed, the number of cases /t DPS emitted in agricultural soils didn’t exceed 950.10-7for the non-carcinogenic effect and 3.71.10-7for the carcinogenic effect for Pb. For Mn and Co, we noticed no toxic effects (0 cases /t DPS emitted). Furthermore, we observed that Mo and Cu had very weak non-carcinogenic effects and led respectively to 445.10-7and 56.10-7cases /t DPS emitted.Regarding the effect of Cd toxicity, in order to have one case of this metal toxicity from DPS waste in our study, we had to use a very important quantity of DPS (≈2 821 680t). All these dataemphasizedon the absence of heath human toxicity risk after DPS waste industrial disposal, by ingestion or inhalation.
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- 2023
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6. Super-Stable Metal–Organic Framework (MOF)/Luciferase Paper-Sensing Platform for Rapid ATP Detection
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Héctor Martínez-Pérez-Cejuela, Maria Maddalena Calabretta, Valerio Bocci, Marcello D’Elia, and Elisa Michelini
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Clinical Biochemistry ,Biomedical Engineering ,General Medicine ,Instrumentation ,Engineering (miscellaneous) ,ATP ,luciferase ,biosensor ,metal–organic frameworks ,bioluminescence ,paper-sensing ,Analytical Chemistry ,Biotechnology - Abstract
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) determination has been used for many decades to assess microbial contamination for hygiene monitoring in different locations and workplace environments. Highly sophisticated methods have been reported, yet commercially available kits rely on a luciferase–luciferin system and require storage and shipping at controlled temperatures (+4 or −20 °C). The applicability of these systems is limited by the need for a secure cold chain, which is not always applicable, especially in remote areas or low-resource settings. In this scenario, easy-to-handle and portable sensors would be highly valuable. Prompted by this need, we developed a bioluminescence paper biosensor for ATP monitoring in which a new luciferase mutant was combined with a metal–organic framework (MOF); i.e., zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8). A paper biosensor was developed, ZIF-8@Luc paper sensor, and interfaced with different portable light detectors, including a silicon photomultiplier (SiPM) and smartphones. The use of ZIF-8 not only provided a five-fold increase in the bioluminescence signal, but also significantly improved the stability of the sensor, both at +4 and +28 °C. The ATP content in complex biological matrices was analyzed with the ZIF-8@Luc paper sensor, enabling detection down to 7 × 10−12 moles of ATP and 8 × 10−13 moles in bacterial lysates and urine samples, respectively. The ZIF-8@Luc sensor could, therefore, be applied in many fields in which ATP monitoring is required such as the control of microbial contamination.
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- 2023
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7. Phenylcarbamate-Modified Paper for Paper Chromatographic Analysis of Hydrophobic Compounds
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Bungo Ochiai, Seiya Koseki, and Yoshimasa Matsumura
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paper chromatography ,separation ,carbamate ,urethane ,hydrophobic ,modified paper ,General Medicine - Abstract
Paper chromatography is a low-cost and facile analytical method traditionally used to analyze hydrophilic substances. For the application to substances with lower polarity, we prepared a stationary phase based on filter paper modified with phenyl isocyanate (PI-FP), bearing phenyl carbamate moieties for hydrophobic, π-π, and electrostatic interactions. The preparation and chromatographic methods were established by selecting papers, comparing different chemical structures, optimizing the modification procedure, investigating eluents, and quantitatively parameterizing the separation behavior based on the character of the analytes. PI-FP exhibited better separation performance than esterified FPs and enabled chromatographic analysis of various dyes with both positive and negative clogP (calculated water-octanol partition coefficient). We also demonstrated an application of this system for a preparative separation of dyes using thread-like paper modified with PI.
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- 2022
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8. Oil Media on Paper: Investigating the Effect of Linseed Oils on Pure Cellulosic Paper Supports. A Research Matter of Damage Assessment
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Penelope Banou, Konstantinos Choulis, Thanasis Karabotsos, Dimitris Tsimogiannis, Lamprini-Areti Tsakanika, Constantina Tzia, and Athena Alexopoulou
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General Medicine ,linseed oil ,pure cellulosic paper ,VOC ,GC-MS ,colorimetry ,opacity ,tensile strength ,SEM ,pH - Abstract
Oil media on paper, such as oil paintings, sketches, prints, and books, occasionally present problems associated with the effect of oil medium on the paper support, raising a composite matter of condition assessment as it depends on several factors. The present work examines the effect of linseed oil on paper and, in particular, the changes caused by three types of linseed oil on the optical, morphological, mechanical, and chemical properties of pure cellulosic paper, employing mock-ups submitted to artificial ageing in controlled conditions of relative humidity and temperature in airtight vessels. The study involved colorimetry, opacity, tensile strength, pH measurements, SEM, FTIR, and VOC analysis with GC-MS. Processing of the results has so far indicated that thermal-humid ageing caused the gradual darkening of the oil-impregnated mock-ups, as well as alterations in opacity, intense fall of pH values, and severe reductions in tensile strength, while linseed oil processing during manufacture has a significant impact. FTIR spectra have indicated that chemical changes upon ageing are in accordance with those of optical and mechanical changes, while VOC emissions are mostly associated with the drying and degradation of the different types of linseed oil.
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- 2022
9. Direct Electron Transfer of Glucose Oxidase on Pre-Anodized Paper/Carbon Electrodes Modified through Zero-Length Cross-Linkers for Glucose Biosensors
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Gilberto Henao-Pabon, Ning Gao, K. Sudhakara Prasad, and XiuJun Li
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microfluidic paper-based analytical device ,direct electron transfer ,glucose biosensors ,electrochemical detection ,glucose oxidase immobilization ,Clinical Biochemistry ,Biomedical Engineering ,General Medicine ,Instrumentation ,Engineering (miscellaneous) ,Analytical Chemistry ,Biotechnology - Abstract
A disposable paper-based glucose biosensor with direct electron transfer (DET) of glucose oxidase (GOX) was developed through simple covalent immobilization of GOX on a carbon electrode surface using zero-length cross-linkers. This glucose biosensor exhibited a high electron transfer rate (ks, 3.363 s−1) as well as good affinity (km, 0.03 mM) for GOX while keeping innate enzymatic activities. Furthermore, the DET-based glucose detection was accomplished by employing both square wave voltammetry and chronoamperometric techniques, and it achieved a glucose detection range from 5.4 mg/dL to 900 mg/dL, which is wider than most commercially available glucometers. This low-cost DET glucose biosensor showed remarkable selectivity, and the use of the negative operating potential avoided interference from other common electroactive compounds. It has great potential to monitor different stages of diabetes from hypoglycemic to hyperglycemic states, especially for self-monitoring of blood glucose.
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- 2023
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10. A Dye-Assisted Paper-Based Assay to Rapidly Differentiate the Stress of Chlorophenols and Heavy Metals on Enterococcus faecalis and Escherichia coli
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Wanqing Dai, Bibi Inumbra, Po Yu Wong, Alma Sarmiento, Ying Yau, Jie Han, Guozhu Mao, Yung-Kang Peng, and Jian Lin Chen
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paper-based PAD ,toxicity ,chlorophenol ,heavy metal ,Clinical Biochemistry ,Biomedical Engineering ,General Medicine ,Instrumentation ,Engineering (miscellaneous) ,Analytical Chemistry ,Biotechnology - Abstract
Biological toxicity testing plays an essential role in identifying the possible negative effects induced by substances such as organic pollutants or heavy metals. As an alternative to conventional methods of toxicity detection, paper-based analytical device (PAD) offers advantages in terms of convenience, quick results, environmental friendliness, and cost-effectiveness. However, detecting the toxicity of both organic pollutants and heavy metals is challenging for a PAD. Here, we show the evaluation of biotoxicity testing for chlorophenols (pentachlorophenol, 2,4-dichlorophenol, and 4-chlorophenol) and heavy metals (Cu2+, Zn2+, and Pb2+) by a resazurin-integrated PAD. The results were achieved by observing the colourimetric response of bacteria (Enterococcus faecalis and Escherichia coli) to resazurin reduction on the PAD. The toxicity responses of E. faecalis-PAD and E. coli-PAD to chlorophenols and heavy metals can be read within 10 min and 40 min, respectively. Compared to the traditional growth inhibition experiments for toxicity measuring which takes at least 3 h, the resazurin-integrated PAD can recognize toxicity differences between studied chlorophenols and between studied heavy metals within 40 min.
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- 2023
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11. Catalytic Modification of Porous Two-Dimensional Ni-MOFs on Portable Electrochemical Paper-Based Sensors for Glucose and Hydrogen Peroxide Detection
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Ya Yang, Wenhui Ji, Yutao Yin, Nanxiang Wang, Wanxia Wu, Wei Zhang, Siying Pei, Tianwei Liu, Chao Tao, Bing Zheng, Qiong Wu, and Lin Li
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Clinical Biochemistry ,Biomedical Engineering ,Ni-MOFs ,paper-based sensors ,electrochemical sensor ,non-enzymatic catalysis ,hydrogen peroxide ,glucose ,General Medicine ,Instrumentation ,Engineering (miscellaneous) ,Analytical Chemistry ,Biotechnology - Abstract
Rapid and accurate detection of changes in glucose (Glu) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) concentrations is essential for the predictive diagnosis of diseases. Electrochemical biosensors exhibiting high sensitivity, reliable selectivity, and rapid response provide an advantageous and promising solution. A porous two-dimensional conductive metal–organic framework (cMOF), Ni-HHTP (HHTP = 2,3,6,7,10,11-hexahydroxytriphenylene), was prepared by using a one-pot method. Subsequently, it was employed to construct enzyme-free paper-based electrochemical sensors by applying mass-producing screen-printing and inkjet-printing techniques. These sensors effectively determined Glu and H2O2 concentrations, achieving low limits of detection of 1.30 μM and 2.13 μM, and high sensitivities of 5573.21 μA μM−1 cm−2 and 179.85 μA μM−1 cm−2, respectively. More importantly, the Ni-HHTP-based electrochemical sensors showed an ability to analyze real biological samples by successfully distinguishing human serum from artificial sweat samples. This work provides a new perspective for the use of cMOFs in the field of enzyme-free electrochemical sensing, highlighting their potential for future applications in the design and development of new multifunctional and high-performance flexible electronic sensors.
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- 2023
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12. Position paper: Impact on medical and health personnel in the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic
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Mayela Rodríguez-Violante, Alejandro Ernesto Macías-Hernández, Teresita Corona, Malaquías López-Cervantes, Guillermo Domínguez-Cherit, Rosalinda Guevara-Guzmán, Jorge A. Castañón-González, Patricio Santillán-Doherty, José Halabe-Cherem, Carmen García-Peña, Patricia Clark-Peralta, Gilberto Felipe Vázquez-De Anda, and Alberto Lifshitz Guinzberg
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2019-20 coronavirus outbreak ,Infectious Disease Transmission, Patient-to-Professional ,Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,business.industry ,Health Personnel ,Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) ,COVID-19 ,General Medicine ,medicine.disease ,Health personnel ,Practice Guidelines as Topic ,Pandemic ,Humans ,Position paper ,Medicine ,Medical emergency ,Prevention control ,business - Published
- 2023
13. FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE DETERMINATION WITH COPRAS AND MOORA METHODS: AN APPLICATION IN BIST PAPER AND PAPER PRODUCTS PRINTING SECTOR
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Batuhan MEDETOĞLU, Yusuf Bahadır KAVAS, and Mahmut ÖZTÜRK
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General Medicine - Abstract
Businesses, which provide the production and mediation of goods and services needed by the society, are organizations that have goals such as growth, development, making profit, establishing a sustainable structure, and realizing social responsibility projects. It is important for businesses to have a financially strong structure in order to achieve their goals. In order to establish a sustainable financial structure, analyzes are carried out with various methods using the historical data of the enterprises and future decisions are taken with these analysis outputs. One of the financial sustainability measures for businesses is performance measurement. In many academic studies in the literature, it is observed that Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) methods are used for financial performance measurement. With MCDM methods, companies are compared financially within themselves, by years and with the sector. This study was carried out to measure the financial performance of businesses operating in the BIST Paper and Paper Products Printing Sector. As a sample, the data of 9 companies operating in the BIST Paper and Paper Products Printing Sector were used. The financial ratios of the enterprises for the years 2016-2021 were obtained and the analysis was carried out with COPRAS and MOORA, which are MCDM methods. Using two analysis methods provides the opportunity to evaluate financial performance rankings from different perspectives. As a result of the study, the financial performance rankings of 9 companies in the sector were evaluated according to both methods.
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- 2023
14. Chronic pancreatitis for the clinician. Part 2: Treatment and follow-up. Interdisciplinary position paper of the Societat Catalana de Digestologia and the Societat Catalana de Pàncrees
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Xavier Molero, Àngels Ginès, Lucas Ilzarbe, Teresa Serrano, Juli Busquets, Anna Casteràs, Carme Loras, Juan Ramón Ayuso, Gloria Fernàndez Esparrach, Mar Concepción, Esther Fort, Silvia Salord, Jorge J. Olsina, Miquel Masachs, Borobia Fg, Xavier Merino, Eva Cristina Vaquero, Joaquim Balsells, Jaume Boadas, Valentí Puig-Diví, and Míriam Cuatrecasas
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Abdominal pain ,medicine.medical_specialty ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency ,Interventional radiology ,General Medicine ,Evidence-based medicine ,medicine.disease ,Genetic mutations ,Therapeutic approach ,Diabetes mellitus ,Quality of life (healthcare) ,Health care ,medicine ,Pancreatitis ,Position paper ,Intensive care medicine ,business ,Chronic pancreatitis - Abstract
Chronic pancreatitis is associated with impaired quality of life, high incidence of comorbidities, serious complications and mortality. Healthcare costs are exorbitant. Some medical societies have developed guidelines for treatment based on scientific evidence, but the gathered level of evidence for any individual topic is usually low and, therefore, recommendations tend to be vague or weak. In the present position papers on chronic pancreatitis from the Societat Catalana de Digestologia and the Societat Catalana de Pàncrees we aimed at providing defined position statements for the clinician based on updated review of published literature and on multidisciplinary expert agreement. The final goal is to propose the use of common terminology and rational diagnostic/therapeutic circuits based on current knowledge. To this end 51 sections related to chronic pancreatitis were reviewed by 21 specialists from 6 different fields to generate 88 statements altogether. Statements were designed to harmonize concepts or delineate recommendations. Part 2 of these paper series discuss topics on treatment and follow-up. The therapeutic approach should include assessment of etiological factors, clinical manifestations and complications. The complexity of these patients advocates for detailed evaluation in multidisciplinary committees where conservative, endoscopic, interventional radiology or surgical options are weighed. Specialized multidisciplinary units of Pancreatology should be constituted. Indications for surgery are refractory pain, local complications, and suspicion of malignancy. Enzyme replacement therapy is indicated if evidence of exocrine insufficiency or after pancreatic surgery. Response should be evaluated by nutritional parameters and assessment of symptoms. A follow-up program should be planned for every patient with chronic pancreatitis. © 2021 Elsevier España, S.L.U.
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- 2022
15. Simultaneous and Sensitive Detection of Three Pesticides Using a Functional Poly(Sulfobetaine Methacrylate)-Coated Paper-Based Colorimetric Sensor
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Jingyang Zhu, Xinru Yin, Weiyi Zhang, Meilian Chen, Dongsheng Feng, Yong Zhao, and Yongheng Zhu
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cypermethrin ,Clinical Biochemistry ,profenofos ,Biomedical Engineering ,detection ,microfluidic paper-based analytical devices ,General Medicine ,Instrumentation ,Engineering (miscellaneous) ,chlorpyrifos ,Analytical Chemistry ,Biotechnology - Abstract
Chlorpyrifos (CHL), profenofos (PRO) and cypermethrin (CYP) are widely used in combination to increase crop yields. However, these three pesticides can cause serious harm to human health and do not easily degrade. In this study, a novel visible paper sensor has been prepared successfully and different colorimetric reactions were utilized to detect the three pesticides simultaneously. The sensor was constructed by grafting a zwitterionic polymer onto a cellulose filter (CF) and placing it on a glass surface modified with PDMS. The branch shape was designed to form multiple detection areas, which were modified with specific pesticides and corresponding chromogenic reagents. The as-prepared colorimetric platform exhibited high sensitivity, a short detection time, a good linear response and a low detection limit (LOD) for the three pesticides (chlorpyrifos: y = 46.801 − 1.939x, R2 = 0.983, LOD = 0.235 mg/L; profenofos: y = 40.068 + 42.5x, R2 = 0.988, LOD = 4.891 mg/L; cypermethrin: y = 51.993 + 1.474x, R2 = 0.993, LOD = 4.053 mg/L). The comparison of the results obtained by the proposed paper sensor and those obtained by spectrophotometry further revealed the stability and reliability of the paper sensor. In particular, the color intensity of the interaction between the pesticides and coloring agents could be directly observed by the human eye. The consistency of the colorimetric/optical assay was proven in real target pesticide samples. Thus, this sensing strategy provides a portable, cost-effective, accurate and visualized paper platform, which could be suitable for application in the fruit and vegetable industry for monitoring CHL, PRO and CYP in parallel.
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- 2023
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16. Colorimetric Paper Sensor for Food Spoilage Based on Biogenic Amine Monitoring
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Maria Maddalena Calabretta, Denise Gregucci, Riccardo Desiderio, and Elisa Michelini
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food spoilage ,Clinical Biochemistry ,Biomedical Engineering ,biogenic amines ,General Medicine ,smartphone ,Analytical Chemistry ,food safety ,colorimetric detection ,paper sensor ,Instrumentation ,Engineering (miscellaneous) ,Biotechnology ,genipin - Abstract
Biogenic amines (BAs), nitrogenous molecules usually present in different foods, can be considered an indicator of freshness and food quality since their amount increases during food spoilage. Their detection, possibly in real time via the use of smart packaging, is therefore of crucial importance to ensure food safety and to fulfill consumers’ demand. To this end, colorimetric sensors are considered one of the most feasible solutions. Here, we report a user-friendly colorimetric sensing paper able to detect BAs via the naked eye. The sensing molecule is the aglycone genipin, a natural cross-linking agent extracted from gardenia fruit, able to bind BAs producing water-soluble blue pigments. The paper sensor was applied to chicken meat quality monitoring and a quantitative analysis was performed with image acquisition via a smartphone camera, achieving a limit of detection equivalent to 0.1 mM of putrescine. The suitability of the BA sensing paper was assessed by integrating the sensor into smart packaging and analyzing commercial chicken meat samples stored at different temperatures; the results of the sensor paralleled the “best before date” indicated on the label, confirming the potential applicability of the sensor as a smart label.
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- 2023
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17. Utilization of Laboratory Papers with Non-Wood Fibres as Printing Substrates Observed Through the Maximum Ink Penetration Depth
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Nicolas Cassel, Justine Chalancon, Hugo Pisaroni, Ivana Plazonić, Valentina Radić Seleš, and Irena Bates
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digital printing ,gravure printing ,ink penetration ,laboratory paper ,non-wood fibres ,straw pulp ,General Medicine - Abstract
The use of non-wood fibres for paper production could be one of the most environmentally friendly and economical alternatives. Reducing the consumption of wood pulp in paper and cardboard production by replacing wood pulp with alternative plant biomass could be a viable solution, as the amount of non-wood fibres in biomass is far from being exhausted. In this study, straw from the most commonly grown agricultural crops in Croatia was used as a source of non-wood fibres. Agricultural residues from wheat, barley and triticale were selected as a substitute for wood fibres for the production of laboratory papers with straw fibres. Under laboratory conditions, straw pulp was mixed with recycled wood pulp in a ratio of 30:70 to produce paper sheets that can be printed with different printing techniques. Regardless of the printing technique used, it is desirable that the prints contain a high-quality reproduction of the image and text on the surface of the paper and that the ink does not penetrate completely through the substrate. In this context, this study observed the use of laboratory-made papers with non-wood fibres as the printing substrate by analysing the maximum depth of ink penetration into the printing substrate obtained with two printing techniques - a modern one (digital UV inkjet) and a very high quality conventional one (gravure). It was found that the gravure printing favoured a greater penetration of the UV ink into the substrate with the addition of straw pulp compared to the digital printing technique. However, this is a consequence of the printing technique, as similar ink penetration was also observed on the laboratory substrate made only from recycled fibres. Compared to commercial papers, the ink penetration is slightly higher into the laboratory made printing substrates. It is interesting to note that the printing substrate with the addition of 30% triticale pulp has the lowest ink penetration, especially in multicolour prints produced with the digital UV inkjet printing technique.
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- 2023
18. Paper-Based Colorimetric Detection of miRNA-21 Using Pre-Activated Nylon Membrane and Peroxidase-Mimetic Activity of Cysteamine-Capped Gold Nanoparticles
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Maliana El Aamri, Hasna Mohammadi, and Aziz Amine
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Clinical Biochemistry ,Biomedical Engineering ,General Medicine ,colorimetric detection ,nanozyme ,nylon paper ,microRNA ,genosensors ,gold nanoparticles ,smartphone ,Instrumentation ,Engineering (miscellaneous) ,Analytical Chemistry ,Biotechnology - Abstract
Irregular expression of MicroRNA-21 (miRNA-21) is considered as a promising biomarker for early cancer diagnosis. In this paper, a new genosensor based on paper and nanozyme activity of cysteamine-capped gold nanoparticles (Cys/AuNPs) was developed to detect picomolar concentrations of miRNA-21. Such nanozyme catalyzes the colorimetric reaction of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and 3,3′,5,5′ tetramethylbenzidine (TMB), to produce a blue color measurable by a smartphone. Due to their positive charge, Cys/AuNPs were attached to the negative phosphate groups of the DNA strand backbone via electrostatic interactions, leading to the quantitative determination of miRNA-21 concentration by the peroxidase-like activity of Cys/AuNPs. Furthermore, a paper-based assay was carried out on nylon disk devices to allow fast immobilization of DNAprobe. After performing the paper-based assay, a good linear range was observed between 1 pM and 1 nM (Y = 0.080 [MiRNA-21]/pM + 13.846, R2 = 0.993) with a detection limit of 0.5 pM. The developed method was effective, selective, and sensitive for the miRNA-21 detection. The application of the proposed method for miRNA-21 detection was examined in a human serum sample, and a recovery rate of 90.0–97.6% was obtained showing the acceptable accuracy of the developed approach.
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- 2023
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19. A Distance-Based Microfluidic Paper-Based Biosensor for Glucose Measurements in Tear Range
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Mohsen Rabbani and Samira Allameh
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Paper ,Materials science ,business.industry ,Microfluidics ,Glucose Measurement ,Bioengineering ,Biosensing Techniques ,General Medicine ,Microfluidic Analytical Techniques ,Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology ,Biochemistry ,Glucose Oxidase ,Paper based biosensor ,Glucose ,Range (statistics) ,Optoelectronics ,business ,Molecular Biology ,Horseradish Peroxidase ,Distance based ,Biotechnology - Abstract
The prevalence of diabetes has increased over the past years. Therefore, developing minimally invasive, user-friendly and cost-effective glucose biosensors is necessary especially in low-income and developing countries. Cellulose paper-based analytical devices have attracted the attention of many researchers due to affordability, not requiring trained personnel, and complex equipment. This paper describes a microfluidic paper-based analytical device for the detection of glucose in tear with the naked eye. The paper-based biosensor fabricated by laser CO2, and GOx/HRP enzymatic solution coupled with TMB was utilized as reagents. A sample volume of 10 µl was needed for the biosensor operation and the results were observable within 5 minutes. To evaluate the device performance, color intensity-based and distance-based results were analyzed by ImageJ and Tracker. Distance-based results showed a linear behavior in the range of 0.1–0.6 mM with an R2 = 0.967 and LOD of 0.2 mM. The results could be perceived by the naked eye without any need to further equipment or trained personnel in a relatively short time (3–5 minutes). Moreover, glucose concentration could be obtained non-invasively by tears collected by this µPAD.
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- 2022
20. Effects of cellulose nanofibrils and starch compared with polyacrylamide on fundamental properties of pulp and paper
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Hossein Jalali Torshizi, Milad Tajik, Hossein Resalati, and Yahya Hamzeh
- Subjects
Paper ,Chemical Phenomena ,Starch ,Polyacrylamide ,Acrylic Resins ,Nanofibers ,Bagasse pulp ,engineering.material ,Biochemistry ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Biopolymers ,stomatognathic system ,Structural Biology ,Nano ,Cellulose ,Molecular Biology ,Mechanical Phenomena ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Pulp (paper) ,Cationic polymerization ,General Medicine ,Polymer ,Chemical engineering ,chemistry ,engineering - Abstract
Bio-based additives received significant attention in pulp and paper properties improvement. For this, the most cited biochemical Cellulose Nano Fibrils (CNFs) and Cationic Starch (CS) were experimentally compared with the most declared synthetic chemical, Cationic Polyacrylamide (CPAM). SEM images showed better paper surface filling by the utilization of the chemicals. The three studied polymers, in solely or combination mechanism, improved mainly bagasse pulp and paper properties compared to the blank sample, except for pulp drainage, which decreased by CNFs to lower volumes presumably due to its intrinsic characteristics. Cationic polymers (CP) compared to CP/CNFs approaches increased pulp retention and drainage but decreased paper density and strengths. The best pulp retention and drainage achieved by CS followed by CPAM, while paper air persistency, density, and strength properties evaluated highest by CP/CNFs followed by CNFs. Generally, CS revealed a more significant improvement in pulp and paper properties than CPAM either with or without CNFs.
- Published
- 2021
21. Real, misreported, and backfilled adherence with paper sleep diaries
- Author
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Megan Clegg-Kraynok, Lauren Barnovsky, and Eric S. Zhou
- Subjects
General Medicine - Published
- 2023
22. An Origami Paper-Based Biosensor for Allergen Detection by Chemiluminescence Immunoassay on Magnetic Microbeads
- Author
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Elisa Lazzarini, Andrea Pace, Ilaria Trozzi, Martina Zangheri, Massimo Guardigli, Donato Calabria, Mara Mirasoli, Lazzarini, E, Pace, A, Trozzi, I, Zangheri, M, Guardigli, M, Calabria, D, and Mirasoli, M
- Subjects
Luminescence ,Clinical Biochemistry ,Egg Proteins ,Biomedical Engineering ,chemiluminescence ,immunoassay ,magnetic beads ,ovalbumin ,paper-based biosensors ,origami ,General Medicine ,Biosensing Techniques ,Allergens ,Microspheres ,paper-based biosensor ,Analytical Chemistry ,Humans ,magnetic bead ,Instrumentation ,Engineering (miscellaneous) ,Food Hypersensitivity ,Biotechnology - Abstract
Food allergies are adverse health effects that arise from specific immune responses, occurring upon exposure to given foods, even if present in traces. Egg allergy is one of the most common food allergies, mainly caused by egg white proteins, with ovalbumin being the most abundant. As allergens can also be present in foodstuff due to unintended contamination, there is a need for analytical tools that are able to rapidly detect allergens in food products at the point-of-use. Herein, we report an origami paper-based device for detecting ovalbumin in food samples, based on a competitive immunoassay with chemiluminescence detection. In this biosensor, magnetic microbeads have been employed for easy and efficient immobilization of ovalbumin on paper. Immobilized ovalbumin competes with the ovalbumin present in the sample for a limited amount of enzyme-labelled anti-ovalbumin antibody. By exploiting the origami approach, a multistep analytical procedure could be performed using reagents preloaded on paper layers, thus providing a ready-to-use immunosensing platform. The assay provided a limit of detection (LOD) of about 1 ng mL−1 for ovalbumin and, when tested on ovalbumin-spiked food matrices (chocolate chip cookies), demonstrated good assay specificity and accuracy, as compared with a commercial immunoassay kit.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. Research Paper on Desktop Assistant
- Author
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Lilesh Mandhalkar, Ishika Potbhare, Pratiksha Walande, Durgesh Yerme, and Mr. Chandrapal Chauhan
- Subjects
General Medicine - Abstract
The main thing of Artificial intelligence (AI) is the consummation of natural dialogue between humans and machines. There are numerous IT companies have used the dialogue systems technology to establish various kinds of Virtual assistants grounded on their operations and areas for adding commerce between mortal and machine, similar as Microsoft’s Cortana, Apple’s Siri, Amazon Alexa, Google Assistant. Like Microsoft Cortana we've created our own virtual desktop assistant only for Government College Of Engineering Chandrapur (GCOEC) using python which is suitable to run on any windows operating systems. We use python as a programming language because it has a multitude of libraries which can be used to create Artificial Intelligence. Our version of desktop assistant is capable of recognizing voice and voice commands. Desktop Assistant are programs on digital device like PC that hear and respond to verbal commands. Example, a user can say, “Open GCOEC Website” and the assistant will answer with the sanctioned website of GCOEC. Desktop Assistants can change the way of life of the people in a different manner. Bias is starting to build up in the community as AI’s are getting smarter in their own way to interact with humans in an easy language. The Desktop Assistant is a program that can fete mortal voices and can respond via integrated voice system. This paper will define the working of Desktop assistant, their main problems and limitations. In this paper it's described that the system of creating a Desktop assistant without using pall services, which will allow the expansion of similar bias in the future
- Published
- 2023
24. The effectiveness of template and example paper implementation in developing student writing skills in science courses
- Author
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Muhammad Syazali, Muhammad Erfan, Baiq Niswatul Khair, Aisa Nikmah Rahmatih, and Hasnawati Hasnawati
- Subjects
General Medicine - Abstract
The use of templates and examples of papers separately is proven to be able to develop students' writing skills. The average degree of mastery that can be achieved is already in the good category. Using various learning facilities can be a solution to improve these achievements into a very good category. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of implementing templates and sample papers in developing students' writing skills in science courses. The pre-experimental research was conducted on elementary school teacher education study program students. Data on each student's scientific research paper writing skills were collected using the documentation method. This data was then analyzed descriptively. The descriptive analysis includes average and proportion measurements. Based on the results of data analysis, it was found that the average student's skills in writing papers were in a good category. Most students have very good (41.44%) and good (40.54%) categories of writing skills. 13 indicators have reached the very good category, one indicator is in a good category, and two indicators are in the sufficient category. The rests are one indicator still in the less category and four indicators in the less category. The conclusion that can be drawn from this research results is using examples and paper templates as effective learning facilities to improve students' writing skills.
- Published
- 2023
25. PARTICLE BOARD HEAT INSULATION PINEAPPLE LEAF FIBER WASTE AND HVS PAPER AS AN ALTERNATIVE TO IMPROVE INDOOR ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY
- Author
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Oktavia Oktavia, Diani Lestari, Risna Kirana Rokar, and Widodo Budi Kurniawan
- Subjects
General Medicine - Abstract
The limited supply of wood as a raw material in various industries requires a better alternative material. Wasted-based composite engineering can be a solution to this problem. What's more, composite can be engineered according to needs, such as having the ability to reduce heat to maintain comfortable room temperature conditions. Therefore, in this research, a particle board reinforced by pineapple leaf fiber waste and HVS paper waste was developed to know the effect of the particle board reinforcement composition on reducing heat. In this research, a comparison of pineapple leaf fiber waste and HVS paper waste was used at 100%:0%; 70%:30%; 50%:50%; 30%:70%; and 0%:100% with resin adhesive. This particle board is made by mixing all the ingredients and then printing it into a mold and then carrying out the drying process. The test was carried out based on a temperature difference analysis. The most optimum particle board reinforcement composition to reduce heat is 100% pineapple leaf fiber waste : 0% HVS paper waste.
- Published
- 2023
26. AI Machine Vision based Oven White Paper ColorClassification and Label Position Real-time Monitoring System to Check Direction
- Author
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Hee-Chul Kim, Youn-Saup Yoon, and Yong-Mo Kim
- Subjects
General Medicine - Abstract
We develop a vision system for batch inspection by oven white paper model color by manufacturing a machine vision system for the oven manufacturing automation process. In the vision system, white paper object detection (spring), color clustering, and histogram extraction are performed. In addition, for the automated process of home appliances, we intend to develop an automatic mold combination detection algorithm that inspects the label position and direction (angle/coordinate) using deep learning.
- Published
- 2023
27. Design and Development of Paper Recycling Machine
- Author
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Dr. V. Suburam, S Piradep, B Praveen Kumar, M Rajaganapathi, and A Sakthivel
- Subjects
General Medicine - Abstract
In any big institution,especially educational institutions like schoolsor colleges, generation of large quantity ofwaste papers is quite apparent. And effective use of recycled paper is also possible (craft papers, registers etc). So, instead of disposing off the waste papers into trash, recycling themmakes sense. This not only helps the institute in cost saving but will also ensure its contribution towards the protection of the environment. Designing automatically operated small-scaled paper recycling plant, which can be used in schools and colleges, ensures that a cheap and non-complex methodof production of paper product is guaranteed.Accordingly design of the machine unit has been prepared with all necessary component specifications.
- Published
- 2023
28. A Bibliometric Analysis for the All the Published Papers During 2015-2022 in the Journal of Appropriate Technology Based on the Analysis for the Authors
- Author
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Seongpil Jeong
- Subjects
General Medicine - Abstract
The journal of appropriate technology has been published since the 2015. The major research topics for the journal of appropriate technology have been environment, mechanics, materials, chemical engineering, managing, chemistry, and medicine, etc. In this study, all the published papers of the journal of appropriate technology were analyzed based on the number of published papers and authors. The author’s affiliation was analyzed as university, research institute, and industry, etc. annually. The number of published papers according to the author also analyzed. Based on the bibliometric analysis, it is worth to mention that the trends of publications of the journal of appropriate technology could be identified.
- Published
- 2023
29. Examination Database and Online Paper Forming Algorithm for Mobile Personalized Learning Test
- Author
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Wanwu Li, Lin Liu, Hui Zhang, Jinhong Li, and Zhi Wang
- Subjects
General Medicine - Abstract
It is crucial to advance network education exam informatization and mobile learning. One of them is the creation of a database system for exams, which contains crucial information. This study aims to analyze and solves key technologies including constraint check paper forming algorithms. This study using fuzzy query methods and spatial queries design a single exam table structure and exam papers for the exam database. The process of this study including collect and sort the complete set of GIS exams at major universities across the country, design a variety of GIS single questions, and build an exam database system. The result of this research is a personalized random paper formation system and query and spatial analysis by college and area for exam papers for the first time. It describes rich functions and stable performance by testing. The built system becomes an indispensable technical support instead of paper-based exams for information exams and scientific exams of many colleges and universities.
- Published
- 2023
30. Bio-Attractant of termites bait from waste paper and extract Ocimum basilicum Linn against Subterranean Termites Coptotermes curvignathus Holmgren
- Author
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Farah Diba
- Subjects
General Medicine - Abstract
Termites were the most destroying wood organism and one of the methods for controlling termites and suppressing its population is the baiting system. One of the conditions in the baiting system method is that the bait must be able to attract termites. Mostly the attractant is made from an extract of the plant. This research aimed to evaluate the attractants of termites bait from waste paper and extract of basil leaf (Ocimum basilicum) against subterranean termites Coptotermes curvignathus Holmgren. Leaves of Ocimum basilicum extracted with maceration process with ethanol. After extraction, the yield was made into five concentration, consist of 2%, 4%, 6%, 8% and 10%. The waste paper was made into termite’s bait with a square bait with measure 2 cm long x 2 cm wide x 1 cm thick. The result of research showed that the average of termites mortality value was 18.79% - 97.58%. The highest termites mortality was achieve on 10% concentration of extract Ocimum basilicum. Its followed by the concentration 8% with mortality value 91.52%; concentration 6% with mortality value 78.18%; concentration 4% with mortality value 61.82% and concentration 2% with mortality value 51.52%. Meanwhile on control treatment the mortality value was 18.79%. The average of weight loss of termite’s bait was 3.41% - 8.36%. The highest weight loss was achieved on concentration 8% and this bait was more attractive to termites. Termite’s bait from waste paper and extract of Ocimum basilicum was attractant to subteranean termites Coptotermes curvignathus and the optimum concentration was 8%.
- Published
- 2023
31. Development and study of Chinese folk art of paper cutting
- Author
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keying wang
- Subjects
General Medicine - Abstract
As a type of Chinese folk art, jianzhi paper carving expresses not only people's spiritual life, but also their aspirations for a better life. Chinese paper carving art is filled with simple life wisdom and good wishes, and the figurative symbols contain unique artistic value and national traits. However, in today's multifaceted development, the traditional art of paper carving with a thousand years of history is gradually fading away. Traditional folk art represented by paper cutting has also begun to be introduced into new fields, not only in graphic design, but also in installation design of public spaces, showing its rich expressiveness and deep artistic value. This paper will examine the characteristics of traditional national paper carving, highlight cultural differences between Eastern and Western paper carving art, combine traditional folk art of paper carving with modern artistic expressions, analyse symbolic and emotional imagery and explore new ideas for the development and innovation of Chinese national art.
- Published
- 2023
32. Production and Optimization of Briquettes from Sugarcane Bagasse using Blends of Waste Paper and Clay as Binders
- Author
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Inuma, F. M., Mohammed, J., and Bawa, M. A.
- Subjects
Burning Rate ,Optimization ,Binders ,General Medicine ,Briquettes ,Compressive strength - Abstract
Demand for green environments has stimulated research on the migration from conventional to renewable energy sources. In the case of combustible energy for domestic applications, briquettes produced from biomass have proven to be a good replacement for wood fuel. In this study, investigation on the performance analysis and optimization of mix ratio of briquettes produced from sugarcane bagasse using composite binders (waste paper and clay) was carried out. Box-Behnken Design feature of the Design Expert software was employed for the optimization of the briquettes mix ratio. Briquettes were produced from sugarcane bagasse based on the optimum conditions of 9.12% clay, 12.57% waste paper, 78.31% proportion of sugarcane bagasse and 5 KN compaction pressure. The produced briquette was found to have a compressive strength of 6.4715 MPa and 0.857 g/min burning rate. The results of the study shows that the experimental values were close to the predicted values with a percentage error of 3.11% for compressive strength and1.79% for burning rate which confirms the validity and adequacy of the predicted models.
- Published
- 2023
33. Utilizing Paper-mode Quizizz for formative assessment in English teaching and learning
- Author
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Rizal Wahid Permana Putra
- Subjects
General Medicine - Abstract
As information and communication (ICT) has grown rapidly, there are many forms of technology provided to support and facilitate the teaching and learning process. Game-based learning these days has been growing interest. It is not only purposed for the teaching-learning media but also for the assessing phase. Quizizz is one of game-based learning platforms offering multiple tools to assess the students’ learning progress. It provides Paper-mode quizzes using printable or a quick-response code. In this research, the researcher deals with utilizing Paper-mode Quizizz for formative assessment in English teaching and learning. This research is a case study with qualitative data conducted at SMP SSA Negeri Kloposawit 1 Candipuro involving 41 students from 8A and 8C as the research participants. Further, to obtain the students’ perceptions, the researcher collects the data through interviews. The result indicates that most students show positive perceptiveness in utilizing Paper-mode Quizizz for formative assessment in teaching and learning English. It is stated that Paper-mode Quizizz is easy to use, enjoyable, fun, challenging, and very interesting. The students only show and rotate the answer, and the teacher will scan the code cards to display the real-time results. In addition, this makes students more motivated to have a test using Paper-mode Quizizz. To sum up, Paper-mode Quizizz is an effective-alternative platform to use for formative assessment in English teaching and learning.
- Published
- 2023
34. Aplication Chitosan Modified Carboxymethyl as Antibacterial Agent of Paper Packaging
- Author
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Taufik Nugraha Agassi, Kurnia Rimadhanti Ningtyas, and Ira Novita Sari
- Subjects
General Medicine - Abstract
Chitosan and chitosan modified carboxymethyl were used to enhance performances of paper packaging. Chitosan 1.0 wt% and chitosan modified carboxymethyl solutions with concentrations of 0.25; 0.5 and 1.0 wt% were manually applied on paper surface using dip coating method. Effects of chitosan coatings on antibacterial properties of the paper were investigated. The antimicrobial activity of chitosan against gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) and gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli) was found to be enhanced when chitosan and chitosan modified carboxymethyl solution were entrapped within paper. Further paper coated chitosan and chitosan modified carboxymethyl has higher antibacterial activity againt S. aureus rather than E. coli. Keywords: Chitosan carboxymethyl, antibacterial agent, paper packaging
- Published
- 2023
35. 'like standing amidst a flood of paper': Tropes of Abundance and Documentarity in The Rings of Saturn
- Author
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Ágnes Balajthy
- Subjects
General Medicine - Abstract
The paper scrutinizes the role of documents and documentarity in The Rings of Saturn by W. G. Sebald. It primarily focuses on those passages of the novel that represent the excessive amounts of documents via tropes of abundance and proliferation. I argue that the narrator’s meditations upon 20th century history paradoxically connect the overwhelming accumulation of documents to the experience of erasure and destruction; however, certain episodes offer another approach, presenting the collection of masses of documents as an idiosyncratic, poetic practice. In these parts of the text, documents are displayed as “heaps” and “clouds” of paper: I reveal the ways Sebald’s language deprives them of their referential function, calling attention to their materiality.
- Published
- 2023
36. Measurement equivalence of the paper-based and electronic version of the Integrated Palliative care Outcome Scale (IPOS): A randomised crossover trial
- Author
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Anna Bolzani, Sophie Kupf, Farina Hodiamont, Isabel Burner-Fritsch, Claudia Bausewein, and Christina Ramsenthaler
- Subjects
Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine ,General Medicine - Abstract
Background: The Integrated Palliative Care Outcome Scale (IPOS) validly and reliably measures symptoms and concerns of those receiving palliative care. Aim: To determine the equivalence of the paper version with an electronic version of the IPOS (eIPOS). Design: Multicentre randomised crossover trial (NCT03879668) with a within-subject comparison of the two modes (washout period 30 min). Setting/Participants: Convenience sample of specialist inpatient and palliative home care patients aged over 18 years with cancer and non-cancer conditions was recruited. Scores were compared using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC), Bland-Altman plots and via a mixed-effects analysis of variance. Results: Fifty patients were randomised to complete paper-electronic ( n = 24) and electronic-paper ( n = 26) IPOS with median age 69 years (range 24–95), 56% male, 16% non-cancer. The ICCs showed very high concordance for the total score (ICC 0.99, 95% CI 0.98–1.00), lowest ICCs being observed for symptoms ‘Appetite loss’ and ‘Drowsiness’ (ICC 0.95, 95% CI 0.92–0.97). Nine of seventeen items had ICCs above 0.98, as did all subscales. No statistically significant mode, order, age, and interaction effects were observed for IPOS total score and subscales, except for ‘Communication’ ( Fmode = 5.9, p = 0.019). Fifty-eight percent preferred the electronic version. In the group 75+ years, 53% preferred the paper version. Only three entries in the free-text main problems differed between the versions. Conclusion: The very high equivalence in scores and free text between the IPOS and the eIPOS demonstrates that eIPOS is feasible and reliable in an older palliative population.
- Published
- 2023
37. Reduction of Paper Pulp Fluctuations in Tissue Paper Making Machine
- Author
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Alesia Vurasko and Alexey Sherstobitov
- Subjects
General Medicine - Abstract
The subject of the research is a paper for sanitary-hygienic purposes. The objects of the study are a pulper infeed system and a round grid perforated forming device. The purposes of the work are to identify sources and reduce fluctuations of 1 m2 of pulp for sanitaryhygienic paper, which decrease the structural irregularities of the paper web in longitudinal and transverse directions. The methodology of the study is to investigate the flow pulsation of the pulp, the fluctuations of the pulp web at the Yankee cylinder (without crepe), to verify the tensile strength of the paper web in longitudinal and transverse directions for identification of a correlation between the pulsation, the vibration of the pulp and the strength of the paper web. The trials were made during the production of sanitary-hygienic paper with the mass 17–18 g/m2 at a steady working speed of the machine 5 m/s. Pulsations of paper pulp in the low-frequency spectrum of 0.14–1.35 Hz prevail in the mass-intake device. The rectangular paper samples 432×230 mm2 were created for examination of structural irregularities of the paper web. The length 432 mm was taken in the longitudinal direction of paper movement in the machine. It was equal to 0.125 mm in the circumference of the round grid screen cylinder. The width of the paper web in the commodity bobbin was 230 mm. The samples were made from a single sheet of paper sequentially without intermediate cuts at 5 m/s speed of the machine. It was determined that the frequencies of fluctuations of the masses of sanitary paper samples coincide by 86 % with the pulsation frequencies of the pulp and depend on other factors by 14 %. The major frequency was 1.45 Hz. The amplitude of the deviation of the mass at this frequency from the arithmetic mean was 0.026 g. The tensile strength of the paper web in the machine direction was 5.6 times greater than in the transverse direction. It was caused by unregulated rotation frequency of the holey roll and clogging of its holes. The significant change of speed of the pulp flow on the short cylindrical part of the vacuum chambers initiated synchronically low frequency pulsation of the pulp and fluctuations of masses of the paper samples, therefor, the paper web in the machine. The irregularities of the structure of the paper web create the frequent paper breaks and reduced quality of the commodity products.
- Published
- 2023
38. Investigation of factors influencing the release of chloropropanols (3-MCPD and 1,3-DCP) from food contact paper
- Author
-
Jie Gao, Daoyuan Yang, Ce-Hui Mo, Haixia Sui, Dan Li, Huai-ning Zhong, Ying Zeng, Yan-fen Chen, and Ze-chun Wu
- Subjects
Paper ,Chromatography, Gas ,Volatilisation ,Food contact ,Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,Extraction (chemistry) ,Temperature ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,alpha-Chlorohydrin ,3-Dichloro-2-propanol ,Food Contamination ,Water extraction ,General Chemistry ,General Medicine ,Toxicology ,Pulp and paper industry ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Tandem Mass Spectrometry ,3-MCPD ,Food Analysis ,Food Science - Abstract
Chloropropanols such as 3-monochloropropane-1,2-diol (3-MCPD) and 1,3-dichloro-2-propanol (1,3-DCP) have drawn increasing attention due to their release from food contact paper and their potential carcinogenic effects. In this study, the effects were investigated of water extraction conditions on release of chloropropanols from food contact paper, and the extraction efficiencies of chloropropanols by water extract and migration method were compared. Cold water was found to be more severe than hot water for extraction of chloropropanols, with the highest water extraction value obtained at 23°C. Two hours of extraction was sufficient as the chloropropanols can be fully extracted from food contact paper within a short period of time. Increase of temperature in the range of 10°C-60°C had little impact on release of chloropropanols, however, the extraction of chloropropanols decreased when high temperatures (80°C or above) were applied due to volatilisation losses. Hence, attention should be paid when choosing extract conditions representing the worst-case scenario. The water extraction value using EN 645 method gives higher results compared to migration test described in GB 31604.1 and GB 5009.156, suggesting that the water extract method was probably more severe. For migration test, aqueous-based simulants were found to be more conservative than oil-based simulants, suggesting the conventional experiment conditions applicable for compliance test of chloropropanols migration can be simplified and optimised.
- Published
- 2021
39. Hollow-Channel Paper Analytical Devices Supported Biofuel Cell-Based Self-Powered Molecularly Imprinted Polymer Sensor for Pesticide Detection
- Author
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Yanhu Wang, Huihui Shi, Jiantao Sun, Jianjian Xu, Mengchun Yang, and Jinghua Yu
- Subjects
Bioelectric Energy Sources ,Nanotubes, Carbon ,Clinical Biochemistry ,Biomedical Engineering ,Metal Nanoparticles ,General Medicine ,Biosensing Techniques ,Analytical Chemistry ,Glucose ,Molecularly Imprinted Polymers ,self-powered ,biofuel cell ,hollow-channel ,paper-based analytical device ,molecularly imprinted polymers ,Gold ,Pesticides ,2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ,Instrumentation ,Engineering (miscellaneous) ,Electrodes ,Biotechnology - Abstract
Herein, a paper-based glucose/air biofuel cell (BFC) was constructed and implemented for self-powered pesticide detection. Our developed paper-based chip relies on a hollow-channel to transport fluids rather than capillarity, which reduces analysis times as well as physical absorption. The gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were adapted to modify the paper fibers to fabricate the flexible conductive paper anode/cathode electrode (Au–PAE/CNT–PCE). Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) using 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) as a template were synthesized on Au–PAE for signal control. In the cathode, bilirubin oxidase (BOD) was used for the oxygen reduction reaction. Based on a competitive reaction between 2,4-D and glucose-oxidase-labeled 2,4-D (GOx-2,4-D), the amount of GOx immobilized on the bioanode can be simply tailored, thus a signal-off self-powered sensing platform was achieved for 2,4-D determination. Meanwhile, the coupling of the paper supercapacitor (PS) with the paper-based chip provides a simple route for signal amplification. Combined with a portable digital multi-meter detector, the amplified signal can be sensitively readout. Through rational design of the paper analytical device, the combination of BFC and PS provides a new prototype for constructing a low-cost, simple, portable, and sensitive self-powered biosensor lab-on-paper, which could be easily expanded in the field of clinical analysis and drug delivery.
- Published
- 2022
40. Preparation and Characterization of Degradable Cellulose−Based Paper with Superhydrophobic, Antibacterial, and Barrier Properties for Food Packaging
- Author
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Xiaofan Jiang, Qiang Li, Xinting Li, Yao Meng, Zhe Ling, Zhe Ji, and Fushan Chen
- Subjects
Polyesters ,Organic Chemistry ,Food Packaging ,food packaging ,cellulose paper ,polylactic acid (PLA) ,super−hydrophobicity ,antibacterial ,General Medicine ,Silicon Dioxide ,Catalysis ,Computer Science Applications ,Anti-Bacterial Agents ,Inorganic Chemistry ,Petroleum ,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry ,Cellulose ,Molecular Biology ,Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions ,Plastics ,Spectroscopy - Abstract
A great paradigm for foremost food packaging is to use renewable and biodegradable lignocellulose−based materials instead of plastic. Novel packages were successfully prepared from the cellulose paper by coating a mixture of polylactic acid (PLA) with cinnamaldehyde (CIN) as a barrier screen and nano silica−modified stearic acid (SA/SiO2) as a superhydrophobic layer. As comprehensively investigated by various tests, results showed that the as−prepared packages possessed excellent thermal stability attributed to inorganic SiO2 incorporation. The excellent film−forming characteristics of PLA improved the tensile strength of the manufactured papers (104.3 MPa) as compared to the original cellulose papers (70.50 MPa), enhanced by 47.94%. Benefiting from the rough nanostructure which was surface−modified by low surface energy SA, the contact angle of the composite papers attained 156.3°, owning superhydrophobic performance for various liquids. Moreover, the composite papers showed excellent gas, moisture, and oil bacteria barrier property as a result of the reinforcement by the functional coatings. The Cobb300s and WVP of the composite papers were reduced by 100% and 88.56%, respectively, and their antibacterial efficiency was about 100%. As the novel composite papers have remarkable thermal stability, tensile strength, and barrier property, they can be exploited as a potential candidate for eco−friendly, renewable, and biodegradable cellulose paper−based composites for the substitute of petroleum−derived packages.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. A Paper-Based Analytical Device Integrated with Smartphone: Fluorescent and Colorimetric Dual-Mode Detection of β-Glucosidase Activity
- Author
-
Wei-Yi Zhang, Tao Tian, Li-Jing Peng, Hang-Yu Zhou, Hao Zhang, Hua Chen, and Feng-Qing Yang
- Subjects
Clinical Biochemistry ,paper-based analytical device ,fluorescence ,colorimetric ,dual-mode smartphone sensor ,β-glucosidase activity ,Biomedical Engineering ,General Medicine ,Analytical Chemistry ,Oxygen ,Glucosides ,Limit of Detection ,Humans ,Cellulases ,Colorimetry ,Smartphone ,Instrumentation ,Engineering (miscellaneous) ,Biotechnology - Abstract
In this work, indoxyl-glucoside was used as the substrate to develop a cost-effective, paper-based analytical device for the fluorescent and colorimetric dual-mode detection of β-glucosidase activity through a smartphone. The β-glucosidase can hydrolyze the colorless substrate indoxyl-glucoside to release indoxyl, which will be self-oxidized to generate green products in the presence of oxygen. Meanwhile, the green products emit bright blue-green fluorescence under ultraviolet–visible light irradiation at 365 nm. Fluorescent or colorimetric images were obtained by a smartphone, and the red-green-blue channels were analyzed by the Adobe Photoshop to quantify the β-glucosidase activity. Under the optimum conditions, the relative fluorescent and colorimetric signals have a good linear relationship with the activity of β-glucosidase, in the range of 0.01–1.00 U/mL and 0.25–5.00 U/mL, and the limits of detection are 0.005 U/mL and 0.0668 U/mL, respectively. The activities of β-glucosidase in a crude almond sample measured by the fluorescent and colorimetric methods were 23.62 ± 0.53 U/mL and 23.86 ± 0.25 U/mL, respectively. In addition, the spiked recoveries of normal human serum and crude almond samples were between 87.5% and 118.0%. In short, the paper-based device, combined with a smartphone, can provide a simple, environmentally friendly, and low-cost method for the fluorescent and colorimetric dual-mode detection of β-glucosidase activity.
- Published
- 2022
42. Photoluminescent Histidine-Stabilized Gold Nanoclusters as Efficient Sensors for Fast and Easy Visual Detection of Fe Ions in Water Using Paper-Based Portable Platform
- Author
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Alexandru-Milentie Hada, Markus Zetes, Monica Focsan, Simion Astilean, and Ana-Maria Craciun
- Subjects
Organic Chemistry ,Metal Nanoparticles ,Water ,gold nanoclusters ,paper ,photoluminescence ,portable sensor ,heavy metal ions ,water ,General Medicine ,Catalysis ,Computer Science Applications ,Inorganic Chemistry ,Spectrometry, Fluorescence ,Limit of Detection ,Histidine ,Gold ,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry ,Molecular Biology ,Spectroscopy - Abstract
Herein is presented a novel and efficient portable paper-based sensing platform using paper-incorporated histidine stabilized gold nanoclusters (His-AuNCs), for the sensitive and selective detection of Fe ions from low-volume real water samples based on photoluminescence (PL) quenching. Highly photoluminescent colloidal His-AuNCs are obtained via a novel microwave-assisted method. The His-AuNCs-based sensor reveals a limit of detection (LOD) as low as 0.2 μM and a good selectivity towards Fe ions, in solution. Further, the fabricated portable sensing device based on paper impregnated with His-AuNCs proves to be suitable for the easy detection of hazardous Fe levels from real water samples, under UV light exposure, through evaluating the level of PL quenching on paper. Photographic images are thereafter captured with a smartphone camera and the average blue intensity ratio (I/I0) of the His-AuNCs-paper spots is plotted against [Fe2+] revealing a LOD of 3.2 μM. Moreover, selectivity and competitivity assays performed on paper-based sensor prove that the proposed platform presents high selectivity and accuracy for the detection of Fe ions from water samples. To validate the platform, sensing assays are performed on real water samples from local sources, spiked with 35 μM Fe ions (i.e., Fe2+). The obtained recoveries prove the high sensitivity and accuracy of the proposed His-AuNCs-paper-based sensor pointing towards its applicability as an easy-to-use, fast, quantitative and qualitative sensor suitable for on-site detection of toxic levels of Fe ions in low-volume real water samples.
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- 2022
43. Oil Media on Paper: Investigating the Effect of Linseed Oils on Lignocellulosic Paper Supports
- Author
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Penelope Banou, Stamatis Boyatzis, Konstantinos Choulis, Thanasis Karabotsos, Dimitris Tsimogiannis, Lamprini-Areti Tsakanika, Constantina Tzia, and Athena Alexopoulou
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linseed oil ,pure cellulosic paper ,FTIR ,VOC ,GC-MS ,colorimetry ,opacity ,tensile strength ,SEM ,pH ,General Medicine - Abstract
Condition assessment of works of art created with oil media on paper could be a complex matter when presenting problems of damage due to the absorption of oil binders by the paper support, since they depend on several factors and occur in variable conditions. The present work refers to the results of an investigation on the effect of linseed oils on the color, opacity, morphology, tensile strength, and chemical properties of lignocellulosic papers, in comparison to that of pure cellulosic papers. Lignocellulosic papers are involved in research on new, yet significant, parameters that might influence the behavior of the oil-impregnated areas of the supports upon aging. The research was applied to mock-ups, made of two types of lignocellulosic paper impregnated with three types of linseed oil and subjected to accelaratated ageing in specific conditions of relative humidity and temperature in closed environment. The research involved colorimetry, opacity, tensile strength, pH measurements, SEM, FTIR, and VOC analysis with GC-MS. The results indicated that thermal-humid ageing caused the gradual darkening of the oil-impregnated mock-ups, alterations in opacity, and decrease of pH values, depending mainly on the formulation of linseed oil, as well as a reduction in tensile strength. FTIR analysis results indicated that the chemical changes that occur upon ageing supported the recorded optical and mechanical alterations, while VOC emissions are both associated with the paper type and the kinetics of degradation of the different types of linseed oil.
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- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. Modeling of Paper-Based Bi-Material Cantilever Actuator for Microfluidic Biosensors
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Ashutosh Kumar, Hojat Heidari-Bafroui, Nassim Rahmani, Constantine Anagnostopoulos, and Mohammad Faghri
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Clinical Biochemistry ,Biomedical Engineering ,General Medicine ,paper-based sensor ,Bi-Material cantilever ,paper-based valve ,fluid imbibition ,hygroexpansion coefficient ,hygroexpansion strain ,Whatman Grade 41 filter paper ,modulus of paper ,Instrumentation ,Engineering (miscellaneous) ,Analytical Chemistry ,Biotechnology - Abstract
This research explores the dynamics of a fluidically loaded Bi-Material cantilever (B-MaC), a critical component of μPADs (microfluidic paper-based analytical devices) used in point-of-care diagnostics. Constructed from Scotch Tape and Whatman Grade 41 filter paper strips, the B-MaC’s behavior under fluid imbibition is examined. A capillary fluid flow model is formulated for the B-MaC, adhering to the Lucas–Washburn (LW) equation, and supported by empirical data. This paper further investigates the stress–strain relationship to estimate the modulus of the B-MaC at various saturation levels and to predict the behavior of the fluidically loaded cantilever. The study shows that the Young’s modulus of Whatman Grade 41 filter paper drastically decreases to approximately 20 MPa (about 7% of its dry-state value) upon full saturation. This significant decrease in flexural rigidity, in conjunction with the hygroexpansive strain and coefficient of hygroexpansion (empirically deduced to be 0.008), is essential in determining the B-MaC’s deflection. The proposed moderate deflection formulation effectively predicts the B-MaC’s behavior under fluidic loading, emphasizing the measurement of maximum (tip) deflection using interfacial boundary conditions for the B-MaC’s wet and dry regions. This knowledge of tip deflection will prove instrumental in optimizing the design parameters of B-MaCs.
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- 2023
45. A Review Paper on PG Recommendation System
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Kumar Abhay Gupta, Shipra Katiyar, Saumya Shahi, Shreya Awasthi, and Mandeep Katre
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General Medicine - Abstract
Day by day world population is growing rapidly and a huge amount of people shifting to large cities and new places for work, education or job purpose, or a better life. That is why the housing demand is increasing and house renting becoming an elemental part of our society. As a result, I realized the importance of an online house renting website and come up with a decision to implement a such web application. In this paper rental website development is discussed. Through this website, tenants can rent properties and landlords can upload their property details for rent. This website will help users to give or take rent houses without dealing with flat brokers to finally reach an agreement that suits the interests of all parties. The packaging and shifting services facility will help users to shift valuable things safely to destinations. To implement, and testing of the proposed system, this application interface has been developed using HTML, CSS, JavaScript, Bootstrap, PHP, and MySQL database server that allows for making web pages interactive and responsive. This system was developed in such a manner so that it can provide a maximum user-friendly interface, and users can use it more efficiently.
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- 2023
46. Research Paper on Scripting Memories Using Fullstack
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Mini Jain, Shray Sharma
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General Medicine - Abstract
Based on travel notes and reviews from the others opinions, this paper have made a word segmentation which describes the use of MERN technology in the project. This project also includes the scripting languages like HTML, CSS and JavaScript. With the help of HTML, we are building a website. Here, we are using Nav bar, tables and many more thing to look the website attractive. and with the help of CSS, It makes website cool and user-friendly. In CSS, we are using flex-box, grid and Bootstrap. And With the help of JavaScript, It will be show some alert message and more.
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- 2023
47. The Nigeria’s drainage challenges: An opinion paper on the in-street waste water and its environmental consequences
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Joshua Ayodeji Gidigbi
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General Medicine - Abstract
The drainage system is more than a building saving venture, but of life and environment. Inadequacy of drainage system characterised every nook and cranny of major parts in Nigeria, including the Federal Capital Territory, though, it is more pronounced in slums, rural and suburban areas, which accommodate the larger populace. Lack/Inadequacy of drainage system has resulted into improper disposal of greywater, as drainage system is designed to convey waste water to safer place for proper disposal are not available. The consequence of this is seen in a stream of household greywater flow out of the house to the main street. The sight of pipe conveying greywater from bathroom and laundry is a common view in most part of Nigeria, especially in a suburban area, where there is a high dense population. Different severe environmental consequences have resulted from this act, which might be a threat to public health. Also, the practice can also act as a precursor to other ailments in the society. Therefore, there is a need to create awareness on the negative impact of indiscrimate discharge of waste water on the environment. Hence, this paper seeks to review the improper greywater discharge on the street and its possible environmental consequences.
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- 2023
48. My paper has been rejected without review. What do I do now?
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Cleland, Jennifer, O'Sullivan, Patricia, Kuper, Ayelet, and Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine (LKCMedicine)
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General Medicine ,Education [Social sciences] ,Article ,Education - Abstract
This column is intended to address the kinds of knotty problems and dilemmas with which many scholars grapple in studying health professions education. In this article, the authors address the question of why papers may be desk rejected (rejected without going out for formal peer review) and describe simple steps for authors to optimize their work so it gets past the desk reject stage. Submitted/Accepted version
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- 2023
49. A Review Paper on Data Encryption and Decryption
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Bharti Kaushik, Vikas Malik, and Vinod Saroha
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General Medicine - Abstract
Cryptography is the technique for hiding data and information from unauthorized users. It is the art of achieving security by encoding messages to make them non-readable. When we send simple message from one location to another then this message called plain text is visible to anybody. If we want to codify the message called cipher text so that no one can easily understand the meaning of message then we use cryptography techniques. There are numerous applications where this technology is used such as ATM pin, Password, Credit Card number or any other secret communication. Cryptography can be divided into following three categories depending upon the types of key used: secret key (symmetric) cryptography, public key (asymmetric) cryptography and hash functions. In this paper we provide review of various types of cryptography techniques.
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- 2023
50. A Research Paper on Smart Authentication System for Identity Verification
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Kiran Ingale, Madhur Patil, Samarth Bhamare, Saurav Chaudhari, and Prof. Sonal Chanderi
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General Medicine - Abstract
This research paper focuses on the creation of aweb application that employs modern techniques to authenticate and verify the identities of students and employees. In the era of digital transformation, conventional identification methods have become less effective. To overcome this challenge, the proposed solution leverages advanced biometric technologies like facial recognition and QR codes to ensure precise identification of individuals. Moreover, the application offers SMS and email notifications, along with a performance chart generated by machine learning to provide comprehensive user information.The
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- 2023
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