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2. Invited Special Paper. Expression of Pattern in Plants: Combining Molecular and Calculus-Based Biophysical Paradigms
- Author
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Green, Paul B.
- Published
- 1999
3. Technology and the Nature of Man: Biological Considerations. An Occasional Paper on Man/Society/Technology.
- Author
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West Virginia Univ., Morgantown. Coll. of Human Resources and Education., Sherwood, Lauralee, Sherwood, Lauralee, and West Virginia Univ., Morgantown. Coll. of Human Resources and Education.
- Abstract
This seminar paper explores biological aspects of the man-technology relationship. From man's beginning and continuing into the future, technology is interwoven extensively in the biological fabric of man. Five facets of the biology-technology interaction are examined: (1) technological innovations enabling man to learn about his biological mechanisms; (2) technological influences on man's evolution; (3) technological procedures designed to enhance man's biological capacities; (4) technological byproducts which adversely affect man's well-being; and (5) potential future technological manipulations which may affect man's future biology. It is believed that the future biological development of mankind depends extensively upon the pace and direction of biological technology. Some future technological manipulations which have been predicted involve birth, genetics, prolonging life, medical improvements, enhancing the capacity of the mind, man-machine relationship/combination, and creating life. (ND)
- Published
- 1976
4. The people behind the papers - Jingjing Sun and Angelike Stathopoulos.
- Subjects
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BIOENGINEERING , *GENE expression , *TRANSCRIPTION factors , *BIOLOGISTS , *BIOPHYSICS - Abstract
This article features an interview with Jingjing Sun and Angelike Stathopoulos, who conducted a study on the collective migration of caudal visceral mesoderm (CVM) cells in Drosophila embryos. They discovered that cell division coordinates two gene expression programs in migrating CVM cells. The researchers discuss their scientific backgrounds and the questions they are trying to answer in their lab. They also highlight the importance of the Drosophila system for their research. The study's key findings include the identification of two groups of genes that regulate the behaviors of CVM cells during migration, and the role of cell division in controlling gene expression programs. The researchers also discuss their motivations and future directions for their research. [Extracted from the article]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Paper-Based Robotics with Stackable Pneumatic Actuators
- Author
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Smit Shukla, Tongfen Liang, Aaron D. Mazzeo, Michael Yang, Cora LoPresti, Meriem Akin, Xiyue Zou, Salman Hoque, Brian T. Weil, and Emily Gruber
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Pneumatic actuator ,business.industry ,Computer science ,Biophysics ,Soft robotics ,Control engineering ,Robotics ,Equipment Design ,Paper based ,Robotic systems ,Hardware_GENERAL ,Artificial Intelligence ,Control and Systems Engineering ,Elastic Modulus ,Humans ,Artificial intelligence ,business ,Actuator - Abstract
This work presents a unique approach to the design, fabrication, and characterization of paper-based origami robotic systems consisting of stackable pneumatic actuators. These paper-based actuators (PBAs) use materials with high elastic modulus-to-mass ratios, accordion-like structures, and direct coupling with pneumatic pressure for extension and bending. The study contributes to the scientific and engineering understanding of foldable components under applied pneumatic pressure by constructing stretchable and flexible structures with intrinsically nonstretchable materials. Experiments showed that a PBA possesses a power-to-mass ratio greater than 80 W/kg, which is more than four times that of human muscle. This work also illustrates the stackability and functionality of PBAs by two prototypes: a parallel manipulator and a legged locomotor. The manipulator consisting of an array of PBAs can bend in a specific direction with the corresponding actuator inflated. In addition, the stacked actuators in the manipulator can rotate in opposite directions to compensate for relative rotation at the ends of each actuator to work in parallel and manipulate the platform. The locomotor rotates the PBAs to apply and release contact between the feet and the ground. Furthermore, a numerical model developed in this work predicts the mechanical performance of these inflatable actuators as a function of dimensional specifications and folding patterns. Overall, we use stacked origami actuators to implement functionalities of manipulation, gripping, and locomotion as conventional robotic systems. Future origami robots made of paper-like materials may be suitable for single use in contaminated or unstructured environments or low-cost educational materials.
- Published
- 2022
6. Sterilization of paper during crisis
- Author
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Fwzah H. Alshammari and Hebat-Allah A. Hussein
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Paper structure ,Infection risk ,Materials science ,Dry heating ,Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,biology ,Biophysics ,Bacillus cereus ,Human decontamination ,Contamination ,Sterilization (microbiology) ,Salmonella typhi ,biology.organism_classification ,Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology ,Microbiology ,QR1-502 ,Gamma radiation ,Dry heat ,Escherichia coli ,Food science ,Respiratory pathogen ,TP248.13-248.65 ,Gamma irradiation ,Biotechnology - Abstract
Paper sheets represent one of the infection risk sources inside educational and administrative institutions under biological pandemics. So, the present study aimed to validate the efficiency of gamma radiation or dry heat techniques to sterilize contaminated paper sheets with different indicator pathogens while retaining their structure. The results showed that gamma radiation at 6, 12, or 24 kGy can successfully kill Gram-positive bacteria such as Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus aureus, Gram-negative bacteria such as Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhi, and fungi such as Candida albicans. Moreover, dry heating at 100 °C for 60 min, 150 °C for 30 min, or 200 °C for 15 min can be successful in paper decontamination of all tested species. Surprisingly, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) micrographs proved that gamma radiation at 6 kGy, dry heat at 100 °C for 60 min or 150 °C for 30 min or 200 °C for 15 min, is suitable for paper sheet sterilization while maintaining their structure. Ultimately, dry heat is a simple, effective, fast, safe, and inexpensive technique for paper sterilization. It may be used as a precautionary step inside educational institutions, especially during written examination periods, to ensure a safe life for academic members during biological pandemics such as COVID-19.
- Published
- 2022
7. How to Perform Intra-Operative Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound of the Brain—A WFUMB Position Paper
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M. Yashar S. Kalani, Alberto Martegani, Emilio Quaia, Francesco DiMeco, Christoph F. Dietrich, Min S. Park, Luigi Solbiati, Kathryn N. Kearns, Francesco Prada, Antonio G. Gennari, Ignazio G. Vetrano, Giovanni Mauri, and Luca Maria Sconfienza
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Brain tumors ,Central nervous system ,CEUS ,Contrast-enhanced ultrasound ,Intraoperative ultrasounds ,Neurosurgery ,Neurovascular diseases ,Brain Neoplasms ,Humans ,Intraoperative Period ,Ultrasonography ,Contrast Media ,Neurosurgical Procedures ,Intra operative ,Acoustics and Ultrasonics ,Biophysics ,030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,medicine ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,Vascular supply ,Modality (human–computer interaction) ,Radiological and Ultrasound Technology ,business.industry ,Ultrasound ,Neurovascular bundle ,Position paper ,Radiology ,business ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
Intra-operative ultrasound has become a relevant imaging modality in neurosurgical procedures. While B-mode, with its intrinsic limitations, is still considered the primary ultrasound modality, intra-operative contrast-enhanced ultrasound (ioCEUS) has more recently emerged as a powerful tool in neurosurgery. Though still not used on a large scale, ioCEUS has proven its utility in defining tumor boundaries, identifying lesion vascular supply and mapping neurovascular architecture. Here we propose a step-by-step procedure for performing ioCEUS analysis of the brain, highlighting its neurosurgical applications. Moreover, we provide practical advice on the use of ultrasound contrast agents and review technical ultrasound parameters influencing ioCEUS imaging.
- Published
- 2021
8. WFUMB Position Paper—Incidental Findings, How to Manage: Spleen
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Simon Freeman, Christoph F. Dietrich, Corinna Trenker, Christian Jenssen, Elena Simona Ioanițescu, Christian Görg, Yi Dong, and Cosmin Caraiani
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Incidental Findings ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Acoustics and Ultrasonics ,Radiological and Ultrasound Technology ,Biophysics ,Spleen ,030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging ,Patient management ,Clinical Practice ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Histological diagnosis ,medicine ,Humans ,Position paper ,030211 gastroenterology & hepatology ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,Radiology ,Medical ultrasound ,Splenic Diseases ,Ultrasonography - Abstract
The World Federation for Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology (WFUMB) is addressing the issue of incidental findings (IFs) with a series of publications entitled "Incidental Imaging Findings-The Role of Medical Ultrasound." IFs are less commonly encountered in the spleen than in many other abdominal organs but remain a frequent dilemma in clinical practice. A histological diagnosis is rarely necessary for patient management. Many IFs, such as secondary spleens and splenic cysts, are harmless and do not require any further investigation. The diagnosis of many other focal splenic lesions is, however, often problematic. The following overview is intended to illustrate a variety of incidentally detected spleen pathologies such as size variants, shape variants, secondary spleens, focal splenic lesions and splenic calcifications. It should aid the examiner in establishing the diagnosis. Moreover, it should help the ultrasound practitioner decide which pathologies need no further investigation, those requiring interval imaging and cases in which immediate further diagnostic procedures are required.
- Published
- 2021
9. ACPSEM position paper: the safety of magnetic resonance imaging linear accelerators
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Stephen Gibson
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Radiological and Ultrasound Technology ,Biomedical Engineering ,Biophysics ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,Instrumentation ,Biotechnology - Abstract
Magnetic Resonance Imaging linear-accelerator (MRI-linac) equipment has recently been introduced to multiple centres in Australia and New Zealand. MRI equipment creates hazards for staff, patients and others in the MR environment; these hazards must be well understood, and risks managed by a system of environmental controls, written procedures and a trained workforce. While MRI-linac hazards are similar to the diagnostic paradigm, the equipment, workforce and environment are sufficiently different that additional safety guidance is warranted. In 2019 the Australasian College of Physical Scientists and Engineers in Medicine (ACPSEM) formed the Magnetic Resonance Imaging Linear-Accelerator Working Group (MRILWG) to support the safe clinical introduction and optimal use of MR-guided radiation therapy treatment units. This Position Paper is intended to provide safety guidance and education for Medical Physicists and others planning for and working with MRI-linac technology. This document summarises MRI-linac hazards and describes particular effects which arise from the combination of strong magnetic fields with an external radiation treatment beam. This document also provides guidance on safety governance and training, and recommends a system of hazard management tailored to the MRI-linac environment, ancillary equipment, and workforce.
- Published
- 2023
10. Red-to-blue paper-based colorimetric sensor integrated with smartphone for point-of-use analysis of cerebral AChE upon Cd2+ exposure
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Chang Liu, Yuxin Luo, Huijie Wen, Jingjing Deng, Guoyue Shi, Tianshu Zhou, and Yan-Xia Qi
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Chemistry ,Aché ,Color recognition ,010401 analytical chemistry ,02 engineering and technology ,Paper based ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,01 natural sciences ,Acetylcholinesterase ,Fluorescence ,language.human_language ,0104 chemical sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Colorimetric sensor ,Thiocholine ,Acetylthiocholine ,language ,Biophysics ,General Materials Science ,0210 nano-technology - Abstract
Herein, combined with a pervasive smartphone installed with a color recognition app, dual-responsive CDs@Eu/GMP ICPs were designed as a red-to-blue paper-based colorimetric sensor for the point-of-use analysis of cerebral acetylcholinesterase (AChE) upon Cd2+ exposure. Blue-emitting CDs with multi-functional groups as guests were encapsulated into the network of Eu/GMP ICPs to obtain CDs@Eu/GMP ICPs with the sensitized red fluorescence of Eu3+. With the presence of thiocholine (TCh), derived from acetylthiocholine (ATCh) hydrolyzed by AChE, the coordination environment of the CDs@Eu/GMP ICPs was interrupted, leading to the collapse of the CDs@Eu/GMP ICP network and the corresponding release of guest CDs into the surrounding environment. Consequently, the sensitized red fluorescence of Eu3+ decreased and the blue fluorescence of the CDs increased. This obvious red-to-blue fluorescent color changes of CDs@Eu/GMP ICPs on test paper could then be integrated with the smartphone for point-of-use analysis of cerebral AChE upon Cd2+ exposure, which not only offers a new analytical platform for a better understanding of the environmental risk of Alzheimer's Dementia (AD), but also holds great potential in the early diagnosis of AD even at the asymptomatic stage with the decrease in CSF AChE as an early biomarker.
- Published
- 2021
11. Malaria quantitative POC testing using magnetic particles, a paper microfluidic device and a hand-held fluorescence reader
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K Arias-Alpízar, A Sánchez-Cano, J Prat-Trunas, E de la Serna, O Alonso, E Sulleiro, A Sánchez-Montalvá, A Diéguez, E Baldrich, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, European Commission, Fundación 'la Caixa', and Generalitat de Catalunya
- Subjects
Immunoassay ,Magnetic beads ,L-Lactate Dehydrogenase ,Plasmodium falciparum ,Biomedical Engineering ,Biophysics ,Quantitative diagnosis ,General Medicine ,Biosensing Techniques ,Immuno-modified magnetic particles ,Malaria ,Assay automation ,Point-of-care testing ,Lab-On-A-Chip Devices ,Portable fluorimeter ,Electrochemistry ,Humans ,Malaria, Falciparum ,Paper diagnostic device ,Low-cost assay ,Biotechnology - Abstract
A point-of-care (POC) device is reported for highly sensitive and selective detection of Plasmodium falciparum lactate dehydrogenase (Pf-LDH), a biomarker of malaria infection, based on a single-step magneto-immunoassay, a single-use microfluidic paper device and a customized hand-held fluorescence reader. The single-step magneto-immunoassay consists in a single 5-min incubation of immuno-modified magnetic particles (c-MAb-MPs), biotinylated detection antibody (bd-MAb), and an enzymatic signal amplifier (Poly-HRP). After on-chip MP concentration and washing, signal generation is achieved by adding a fluorescent enzymatic substrate (QuantaRed). Fluorescence signal is measured using a low-cost customized, portable, and sensible fluorescent detector. The POC affords quantitative Pf-LDH detection in, This work was supported by Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) and the European Regional Development Fund (grants CPII18/00025, IFI18/00020 and QUPID EuroNanoMed AC21_2/00021). KAA is supported by an InPHINIT fellowship from “La Caixa” Foundation (LCF/BQ/DI18/11660061). ASM is supported by a Juan Rodés postdoctoral fellowship from ISCIII (JR18/00022). Diagnostic Nanotools is an AGAUR Consolidated Group (2017 SGR 240).
- Published
- 2022
12. The effect of external-focus using a paper balloon on the activity of upper limb and trunk muscles during static and dynamic tasks
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Koji Murofushi, Tomoki Oshikawa, Koji Kaneoka, Daisuke Yamaguchi, Kenji Hirohata, Hidetaka Furuya, Sho Mitomo, Hiroshi Akuzawa, and Kazuyoshi Yagishita
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Biophysics ,Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation ,Orthopedics and Sports Medicine - Abstract
BACKGROUND: External focus isometric exercises using a paper balloon can change trunk muscle activation in the chest squeeze; however, it is unknown whether this method affects muscle activities in conventional exercises. OBJECTIVE: To check variations of trunk muscle activity during front plank (static task) and shoulder press (dynamic task) both with and without instruction to avoid crushing an object. METHODS: Twenty-six healthy adult males aged 19–49 were recruited. Ten trunk muscle activities were measured using surface electromyography during a front plank and dynamic shoulder press exercises, both with and without external-focus instruction. RESULTS: Adding the external-focus using the paper balloon to the front plank significantly activated 8 out of the 10 muscles. In the downward shoulder press, 5 out of 10 muscles with 50% 1 RM, 2 out of 10 muscles with 100% 1 RM were significantly activated. CONCLUSIONS: Adding external-focus instruction using paper balloon increases trunk muscles in front plank and shoulder press while possibly improving trunk stability. Novel exercises using paper balloon may efficiently activate specific muscles without external loading thus possibly reducing the stress on the involved joints during exercise.
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- 2022
13. ACPSEM position paper: dosimetry for magnetic resonance imaging linear accelerators
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Jarrad Begg, Lois Holloway, and Urszula Jelen
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Radiological and Ultrasound Technology ,Biomedical Engineering ,Biophysics ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,Instrumentation ,Biotechnology - Abstract
Consistency and clear guidelines on dosimetry are essential for accurate and precise dosimetry, to ensure the best patient outcomes and to allow direct dose comparison across different centres. Magnetic Resonance Imaging Linac (MRI-linac) systems have recently been introduced to Australasian clinics. This report provides recommendations on reference dosimetry measurements for MRI-linacs on behalf of the Australiasian College of Physical Scientists and Engineers in Medicine (ACPSEM) MRI-linac working group. There are two configurations considered for MRI-linacs, perpendicular and parallel, referring to the relative direction of the magnetic field and radiation beam, with different impacts on dose deposition in a medium. These recommendations focus on ion chambers which are most commonly used in the clinic for reference dosimetry. Water phantoms must be MR safe or conditional and practical limitations on phantom set-up must be considered. Solid phantoms are not advised for reference dosimetry. For reference dosimetry, IAEA TRS-398 recommendations cannot be followed completely due to physical differences between conventional linac and MRI-linac systems. Manufacturers’ advice on reference conditions should be followed. Beam quality specification of TPR20,10 is recommended. The configuration of the central axis of the ion chamber relative to the magnetic field and radiation beam impacts the chamber response and must be considered carefully. Recommended corrections to delivered dose are $${k}_{{Q}_{msr}{Q}_{0}}^{{f}_{msr}{f}_{ref}}$$ k Q msr Q 0 f msr f ref , a correction for beam quality and $${k}_{\overrightarrow{B},{Q}_{msr}}^{{f}_{msr}}$$ k B → , Q msr f msr , for the impact of the magnetic field on dosimeter response in the magnetic field. Literature based values for $${k}_{\overrightarrow{B},{Q}_{msr}}^{{f}_{msr}}$$ k B → , Q msr f msr are given. It is important to note that this is a developing field and these recommendations should be used together with a review of current literature.
- Published
- 2023
14. A color-coded graphical guide to the Hodgkin and Huxley papers.
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Hopper, Amy J., Beswick-Jones, Hana, and Brown, Angus M.
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BIOPHYSICS , *PHYSIOLOGY education , *NOBEL Prizes , *ACTION potentials , *DATA recorders & recording , *DATA analysis - Abstract
The five papers published by Hodgkin and Huxley in 1952 are seminal works in the field of physiology, earning their authors the Nobel Prize in 1963 and ushering in the era of membrane biophysics. The papers present a considerable challenge to the novice student, but this has been partly allayed by recent publications that have updated the reporting of current and voltage to reflect the modern convention and two books that describe the contents of the papers in detail. A disadvantage is that these guides contain hundreds of pages, requiring considerable time and energy on behalf of the reader. We present a concise guide to the Hodgkin and Huxley papers that includes only essential content, with the data presented in a linear and logical manner. We have color-coded figures for ease of understanding and included boxes that summarize key information for easy reference. It is our expectation that this article will act as an accessible introduction for students to the work of Hodgkin and Huxley and hopefully foster an appreciation for a fascinating story that repays in-depth study. NEW & NOTEWORTHY The Hodgkin and Huxley papers continue to inspire and intimidate, 70 years after their publication. The diverse subjects they cover include advanced experimental procedures, complex data analysis, calculus, and modeling, all of which ensure the papers can present a challenging read. We present a concise guide to the papers that includes only essential content depicted in color-coded graphs, allowing tracking of data from recordings to analysis and incorporation into the model to ease understanding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. Biofunctionalized cellulose paper matrix for cell delivery applications
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Anupam Apoorva, Manchikanti Padmavati, Tarun Agarwal, Sudip Ghosh, Birendra Behera, and Tapas K. Maiti
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Paper ,Cell type ,02 engineering and technology ,Biochemistry ,Diffusion ,Extracellular matrix ,Mice ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Structural Biology ,In vivo ,Animals ,Humans ,Cellulose ,Molecular Biology ,030304 developmental biology ,Drug Carriers ,0303 health sciences ,Coated paper ,Propylamines ,Chemistry ,Substrate (chemistry) ,Serum Albumin, Bovine ,Hep G2 Cells ,General Medicine ,Adhesion ,Silanes ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Triethoxysilane ,Hepatocytes ,Biophysics ,Gelatin ,Muramidase ,Adsorption ,Stem cell ,0210 nano-technology ,Porosity - Abstract
The present study delineates the preparation, characterization, and application of (3-Aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APTES)/Caprine liver-derived extracellular matrix (CLECM) coated paper matrix for cell delivery. Here, we exploited positively charged surface of the paper matrix (as imparted by APTES derivatization) to improve the biological responses of the cells. Our results demonstrated that the functionalized paper matrixes favored the adhesion, growth, and proliferation of multiple cell types including normal, transformed, cancerous, and stem cells as compared to the pristine paper matrix. Upon implantation into the mice model, the developed paper matrix supported infiltration of the host cells and vasculature without showing any evidence of significant systemic toxicity. Moreover, the cells cultured on the paper matrix, when delivered to the CAM and mouse models, showed an enhanced vascular network around the substrate, thereby confirming its potential to deliver the cells in vivo. Together, the study confirms that the reported paper-based platform is easy to fabricate, cheap, portable and could efficiently be applied to cell delivery applications for either tissue repair or the development of humanized animal model.
- Published
- 2019
16. A paper-based colorimetric molecular test for SARS-CoV-2 in saliva
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Josiah Levi Davidson, Jiangshan Wang, Jordan Seville, Suraj Mohan, Mohit S. Verma, Sai Venkata Sravan Putikam, Ana Pascual-Garrigos, Fujr Osman Ibrahim Osman, Murali Kannan Maruthamuthu, Andres Dextre, and Darby McChesney
- Subjects
Detection limit ,Saliva ,Chromatography ,Colorimetric LAMP ,Computer science ,SARS-CoV-2 ,Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) ,Biomedical Engineering ,Biophysics ,Loop-mediated isothermal amplification ,Paper based ,Paper-based diagnostics ,Article ,Microfluidic paper-based analytical devices ,Electrochemistry ,TP248.13-248.65 ,Biotechnology - Abstract
Herein, we describe the development of a paper-based device to detect nucleic acids of pathogens of interest in complex samples using loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) by producing a colorimetric response visible to the human eye. To demonstrate the utility of this device in emerging public health emergencies, we developed and optimized our device to detect SARS-CoV-2 in human saliva without preprocessing. The resulting device was capable of detecting the virus within 60 min and had an analytical sensitivity of 97% and a specificity of 100% with a limit of detection of 200 genomic copies/μL of patient saliva using image analysis. The device consists of a configurable number of reaction zones constructed of Grade 222 chromatography paper separated by 20 mil polystyrene spacers attached to a Melinex® backing via an ARclean® double-sided adhesive. The resulting device is easily configurable to detect multiple targets and has the potential to detect a variety of pathogens simply by changing the LAMP primer sets.
- Published
- 2021
17. An origami paper-based analytical device for DNA damage analysis
- Author
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Dan Zhao, Wei Xue, Qiang Zhang, Yangyang Chang, and Meng Liu
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Paper ,Lysis ,DNA damage ,Immobilized Nucleic Acids ,Catalysis ,Cell Line ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,DNA Nucleotidylexotransferase ,Materials Chemistry ,In Situ Nick-End Labeling ,Animals ,Zebrafish ,Fluorescent Dyes ,TUNEL assay ,Microscopy, Confocal ,Metals and Alloys ,General Chemistry ,Paper based ,DNA ,Fluoresceins ,DNA extraction ,Surfaces, Coatings and Films ,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials ,Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase ,chemistry ,Microscopy, Fluorescence ,Chemical agents ,Ceramics and Composites ,Biophysics ,DNA Damage - Abstract
Detection and characterization of DNA damage plays a critical role in genotoxicity testing, drug screening, and environmental health. We developed a fully integrated origami paper-based analytical device (oPAD) for measuring DNA damage. This simple device allows on-paper cell lysis, DNA extraction, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) reaction and signal readout with simple operation steps, enabling rapid (within 30 min) and high throughput assessment of multiple DNA damages induced by exogenous chemical agents.
- Published
- 2021
18. SERS Platform Based on Bimetallic Au-Ag Nanowires-Decorated Filter Paper for Rapid Detection of miR-196ain Lung Cancer Patients Serum
- Author
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Ji Xia, Yifan Liu, Menglin Ran, Xiaowei Cao, Youwei Wang, and Dan Lu
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Detection limit ,Article Subject ,Filter paper ,010401 analytical chemistry ,Succinic anhydride ,Cancer ,Substrate (chemistry) ,General Chemistry ,010402 general chemistry ,medicine.disease ,01 natural sciences ,0104 chemical sciences ,Chemistry ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,symbols.namesake ,chemistry ,microRNA ,medicine ,Biophysics ,symbols ,Lung cancer ,Raman spectroscopy ,QD1-999 - Abstract
Detecting microRNA (miRNA) biomarkers expression is of great significance for the diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer. Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) has achieved microRNA sensing for the diagnosis of primary liver cancers. In this work, we developed a SERS technology for the rapid detection of lung cancers-related miRNA (miR-196a) using bimetallic Au-Ag nanowire (AgNW@AuNPs) substrates coupled with the target hairpin DNA. The finite-difference time-domain simulation proved that a large number of “hot spots” were generated between the AgNW and AuNPs, which resulted in a huge enhancement of the signal of Raman reporters. Filter paper treated by hexadecenyl succinic anhydride hydrophobic and modified with AgNWs@AuNPs was used as capturing substrate. The detection limits of miR-196a in PBS and serum were as low as 96.58 aM and 130 aM, respectively. Studies on nonspecific sequence and single-base mismatch of miRNA demonstrated that SERS-based platform was highly selective, excellent uniform, and reproducible. Finally, the platform was used to show that the miR-196a expression in the serum of lung cancer patients was much higher than that in healthy people. The detection results indicated that the SERS platform had potential applications in cancer diagnosis and might be a viable alternative to the conventional miRNA detection method, the real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) technology.
- Published
- 2020
19. Fibrous testing papers for fluorescence trace sensing and photodynamic destruction of antibiotic-resistant bacteria
- Author
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Songzhi Xie, Xiaohong Li, Long Zhao, Jiaojun Wei, Yuan Liu, and Zhanlin Zhang
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Paper ,Surface Properties ,Aptamer ,Biomedical Engineering ,Microbial Sensitivity Tests ,Conjugated system ,Drug Resistance, Bacterial ,Escherichia coli ,General Materials Science ,Particle Size ,Fluorescent Dyes ,Detection limit ,Molecular Structure ,biology ,Chemistry ,General Chemistry ,General Medicine ,Aptamers, Nucleotide ,biology.organism_classification ,Fluorescence ,Anti-Bacterial Agents ,Fluorescence intensity ,Resistant bacteria ,Photochemotherapy ,Biophysics ,Quantitative analysis (chemistry) ,Bacteria - Abstract
The increasing prevalence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria needs rapid identification and efficient destruction routes. This study proposes testing paper derived from electrospun fibrous mats and aggregation-induced emission (AIE) probes for trace sensing and simultaneous destruction of antibiotic-resistant E. coli. Aptamers are conjugated on fibers for selective capture of E. coli, and the capture capability can be regenerated via rinsing with salt solution. Hydroxyl tetraphenylethene (TPE) is linked with two cephalosporin molecules to construct TPE-Cep probes, and the fluorescence emission is turned on specifically in the presence of β-lactamase, which is a critical marker for screening resistant bacteria. Fibrous mats are lit up only in the presence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, and the fluorescence intensity changes could be statistically fitted into an equation for quantitative analysis. Fibrous strips display apparent color changes from blue to green for a visual readout of bacterial levels, and the limit of detection (LOD) is much lower than those of previous paper substrates. In addition, the TPE-Cep probes could produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) under room light illumination to kill the captured bacteria. Thus, the integration of aptamer-grafted electrospun fibers and functional AIE probes provides potential for selective capture, trace imaging and photodynamic destruction of antibiotic-resistant bacteria.
- Published
- 2020
20. A turn off-on fluorometric and paper-based colorimetric dual-mode sensor for isoniazid detection
- Author
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Neda Azizi, Tooba Hallaj, and Naser Samadi
- Subjects
Detection limit ,Materials science ,Isoniazid ,Biophysics ,Dual mode ,Paper based ,Fluorescence ,Carbon ,Turn off ,Cobalt oxyhydroxide ,Chemistry (miscellaneous) ,Quantum Dots ,medicine ,Colorimetry ,Fluorometry ,Naked eye ,medicine.drug ,Nuclear chemistry - Abstract
In the present study, cobalt oxyhydroxide (CoOOH) nanosheets were applied for establishing a dual fluorometric and smartphone-paper-based colorimetric method to detect isoniazid. CoOOH nanosheets quenched the fluorescence emission of sulfur and nitrogen co-doped carbon dots (S,N-CDs) due to inner filter effect (IFE). The quenched fluorescence intensity of S,N-CDs restored in the presence of isoniazid due to destroying CoOOH nanosheets by this drug. Moreover, with adding isoniazid the solution color of CoOOH nanosheets altered from brownish yellow to pale yellow. We exploited these facts to design a turn off-on fluorometric and paper-based colorimetric sensor for isoniazid measurement at the range 0.5-5 and 5-100 μM with detection limits of 0.28 μM and 4.0 μM, respectively. The introduced dual sensor was used for pharmaceutical, environmental and biological analysis of isoniazid with satisfactory results. The paper-based colorimetric sensor can be applied for isoniazid portable monitoring using a smartphone as a detector or even the naked eye.
- Published
- 2021
21. Numerical Modelling of Ion Transport in 5-HT3 Serotonin Receptor Using Molecular Dynamics
- Author
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Antonov, M. Yu., Popinako, A. V., Prokopiev, G. A., Vasilyev, A. O., Hutchison, David, Series editor, Kanade, Takeo, Series editor, Kittler, Josef, Series editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., Series editor, Mattern, Friedemann, Series editor, Mitchell, John C., Series editor, Naor, Moni, Series editor, Pandu Rangan, C., Series editor, Steffen, Bernhard, Series editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, Series editor, Tygar, Doug, Series editor, Weikum, Gerhard, Series editor, Dimov, Ivan, editor, Faragó, István, editor, and Vulkov, Lubin, editor
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. Microfibrous paper scaffold for tissue engineering application
- Author
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Narayan Chand Mishra, Dharam Dutt, Sandhya Singh, Parminder Kaur, and Hemant Singh
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Paper ,Scaffold ,Materials science ,food.ingredient ,business.product_category ,0206 medical engineering ,Biomedical Engineering ,Biophysics ,Bioengineering ,Nanotechnology ,02 engineering and technology ,Raw material ,Gelatin ,Biomaterials ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,food ,Tissue engineering ,Tensile Strength ,Microfiber ,Cell Adhesion ,Cellulose ,Cell Proliferation ,Tissue Engineering ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,020601 biomedical engineering ,Surgical material ,chemistry ,0210 nano-technology ,business ,Porosity - Abstract
Cotton is cheap, easily available and widely used as surgical material. Therefore, cotton would be good raw material to design a scaffold for tissue engineering applications. In this work, the gelatin-coated microfibrous paper scaffold was fabricated successfully by a papermaking process. Microfibers-based scaffold could overcome the limitations of nanofibrous material-based scaffold for tissue engineering application. The physicochemical and mechanical properties of the scaffolds were characterized. The results revealed that the gelatin contributed to the enhanced cell attachment and proliferation over the scaffolds, whereas cellulose as a strong backbone in the scaffold to support it for keeping its appearance. Their tensile strength and water absorption capacity were improved, but pore size and porosity were decreased after incorporation of gelatin. Hence, results suggested that fabricated scaffolds have huge prospective as a bioactive, well-designed and economical scaffold stand for tissue engineering application.
- Published
- 2020
23. Spatially resolved quantification of drug metabolism and efficacy in 3D paper-based tumor mimics
- Author
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Gary L. Glish, Tyler S. Larson, and Matthew R. Lockett
- Subjects
Future studies ,Chemistry ,Spatially resolved ,Paper based ,Drug penetration ,Irinotecan ,Biochemistry ,Article ,Mass Spectrometry ,Analytical Chemistry ,Bioactive metabolite ,Pharmaceutical Preparations ,Neoplasms ,Biophysics ,Tumor Microenvironment ,Environmental Chemistry ,Distribution (pharmacology) ,Humans ,Viability assay ,Spectroscopy ,Drug metabolism ,Chromatography, Liquid - Abstract
Paper-based cultures are an emerging platform for preparing three-dimensional (3D), tissue- and tumor-like structures. The ability to stack individual sheets of cell-containing paper affords a modular means of assembling structures with defined cellular compositions and microenvironments. These layered stacks are easily separated at the end of an experiment, providing spatially resolved populations of live cells for further analysis. Here we describe a workflow in which cell viability, drug penetration, and drug metabolism can be quantified in a spatially resolved manner. Specifically, we mapped the distribution of the drug irinotecan and its bioactive metabolite SN38 in a colorectal cancer cells-containing stacked structure with liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). This paper provides the first example of a 3D culture platform that quantifies viability and drug metabolism in a spatially resolved manner. Our data show that this stacked structure mimics observations in solid tumors. Cells at the bottom of the stack are more drug-resistant than layers in contact with the culture medium, similar to cells in the nutrient-poor center of a proliferating tumor being more drug-resistant than rapidly dividing cells at a tumor's periphery. The powerful combination of quantitative viability and drug metabolism measurements will enable future studies to determine the exact mechanism(s) of drug resistance in different regions of a tumor.
- Published
- 2021
24. Don’t let Yoda or Bill and Ted write your papers: instead, here’s some tips from some editors on getting your paper published
- Author
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Jamie Trapp and Martin Caon
- Subjects
Radiological and Ultrasound Technology ,Biomedical Engineering ,Biophysics ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,Instrumentation ,Biotechnology - Published
- 2022
25. Supplementary Information (SI) to the pyglotaran release paper
- Author
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Van Stokkum, Ivo H.M., Weißenborn, Jörn, Weigand, Sebastian, and Snellenburg, Joris
- Subjects
ultrafast spectroscopy ,python ,photosynthesis ,glotaran ,biophysics ,transient absorption ,target analysis ,fluorescence ,global analysis ,time-resolved spectroscopy - Abstract
This is the version of the repository sent out for review, along with the accompanying pyglotaran v0.7.0 release paper. What's Changed ✨ Add case studies by @s-weigand in https://github.com/glotaran/pyglotaran-release-paper-supplementary-information/pull/1 🚇 Add pipeline to create PDFs from notebooks by @s-weigand in https://github.com/glotaran/pyglotaran-release-paper-supplementary-information/pull/3 ♻️ Refactor with project API by @s-weigand in https://github.com/glotaran/pyglotaran-release-paper-supplementary-information/pull/4 ✨ Create guides for r1-r4 with pyglotaran by @s-weigand in https://github.com/glotaran/pyglotaran-release-paper-supplementary-information/pull/6 ✨ Pre process raw data by @s-weigand in https://github.com/glotaran/pyglotaran-release-paper-supplementary-information/pull/7 👌 Use LaTeX equations in a markdown cell instead of an image by @s-weigand in https://github.com/glotaran/pyglotaran-release-paper-supplementary-information/pull/8 👌Improve 4TT case study notebook by @s-weigand in https://github.com/glotaran/pyglotaran-release-paper-supplementary-information/pull/9 🩹 Fix rc part3 case study after changing to pyglotaran guides by @s-weigand in https://github.com/glotaran/pyglotaran-release-paper-supplementary-information/pull/11 👌 Rename 'kinetic' parameters group to 'rates' for consistency and clarity by @s-weigand in https://github.com/glotaran/pyglotaran-release-paper-supplementary-information/pull/10 📚 Updated README with basics getting started instructions 👌 by @jsnel in https://github.com/glotaran/pyglotaran-release-paper-supplementary-information/pull/12 📚🩹 Fix conda env creation instructions by @s-weigand in https://github.com/glotaran/pyglotaran-release-paper-supplementary-information/pull/13 ⬆️ Adapt to the release of pyglotaran v0.7.0 and pyglotaran-extras v0.7.0 by @jsnel in https://github.com/glotaran/pyglotaran-release-paper-supplementary-information/pull/14 👌 Improve zenodo config by @s-weigand in https://github.com/glotaran/pyglotaran-release-paper-supplementary-information/pull/2 🧹 Remove deprecated figure_only argument in pyglotaran-extras plot functions by @s-weigand in https://github.com/glotaran/pyglotaran-release-paper-supplementary-information/pull/15 New Contributors @s-weigand made their first contribution in https://github.com/glotaran/pyglotaran-release-paper-supplementary-information/pull/1 @jsnel made their first contribution in https://github.com/glotaran/pyglotaran-release-paper-supplementary-information/pull/12 Full Changelog: https://github.com/glotaran/pyglotaran-release-paper-supplementary-information/compare/obtain-doi...ready-for-review
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. A paper-based ELISA for rapid sensitive determination of anaphylaxis-related MRGPRX2 in human peripheral blood
- Author
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Tao Zhang, Xiaoqian Li, Yuanyuan Ding, Shengli Han, Langchong He, Xinyan Dong, Liyun Kong, and Qingpeng Gao
- Subjects
Paper ,Receptors, Neuropeptide ,biology ,Chemistry ,Capture antibody ,Biophysics ,Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ,Nerve Tissue Proteins ,Cell Biology ,Paper based ,medicine.disease ,Biochemistry ,Molecular biology ,Horseradish peroxidase ,Peripheral blood ,Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled ,Polyclonal antibodies ,biology.protein ,medicine ,Humans ,Bovine serum albumin ,Antibody ,Molecular Biology ,Anaphylaxis - Abstract
Mas-related G-protein-coupled receptor X2 (MRGPRX2) has recently been reported to be associated with anaphylaxis. Detection of MRGPRX2 levels in human peripheral blood might serve as a powerful tool for predicting the predisposition of patients to anaphylactic reactions. For rapid measurement of MRGPRX2, we established a paper-based double-antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using mouse monoclonal antibody and horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-labelled rabbit polyclonal antibody as capture antibody and detection antibody, respectively. We avoided chemical functionalization of the cellulose paper by introducing bovine serum albumin (BSA) to provide COOH and NH2 groups for covalent immobilization of the capture antibody. Through amide condensation, a two-layer immobilization strategy was applied with BSA-BSA and BSA-capture antibody networks as the first and second layers, respectively. This strategy improved the quantity, activity and stability of the immobilized antibody. We then established a paper-based ELISA to detect MRGPRX2 in human peripheral blood. Our method is less laborious, easier to implement, and more cost-effective than conventional ELISA, while offering similar sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy. Therefore, it could serve as an innovative clinical point-of-care diagnostic tool, especially in areas that lack advanced clinical equipment.
- Published
- 2021
27. Paper-Based Medical Diagnostic Devices : As a Part of Bioanalysis-Advanced Materials, Methods, and Devices
- Author
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Jeong Hoon Lee and Jeong Hoon Lee
- Subjects
- Biomedical engineering, Biophysics, Analytical chemistry, Electronics, Fluid mechanics
- Abstract
This book disseminates information on paper-based diagnostics devices and describes novel paper materials, fabrication techniques, and Basic Paper-based microfluidics/electronics theory. The section on sample preparation, paper-based electronics/sensors for developing paper-based point-of-care (POC) systems also contains detailed descriptions. In the application sections this book covers sensing technique for DNA/RNA, bacteria/virus and integration of lateral flow assay. The book provides deep understanding and knowledge of paper-based diagnostic device development in terms of concept, materials, fabrication and applications.
- Published
- 2020
28. Bright green fluorescence of Asian paper wasp nests
- Author
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Serge Berthier, Lien Thi Phuong Nguyen, Camille Aracheloff, Bernd Schöllhorn, Willy Daney de Marcillac, Institut des Nanosciences de Paris (INSP), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Moléculaire (LEM (UMR_7591)), and Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,Wasps ,Biomedical Engineering ,Biophysics ,Zoology ,Bioengineering ,010603 evolutionary biology ,01 natural sciences ,Biochemistry ,Fluorescence ,Nesting Behavior ,Biomaterials ,03 medical and health sciences ,Asian People ,Genus ,Animals ,Humans ,030304 developmental biology ,[PHYS]Physics [physics] ,Paper wasp ,0303 health sciences ,biology ,Life Sciences–Physics interface ,biology.organism_classification ,[SDE]Environmental Sciences ,Polistes ,Biotechnology - Abstract
An exceptionally bright fluorescent biomatter was discovered when exploring, with UV-A light, the nests of several oriental paper wasp species of the genusPolistes, a genus of diurnal social insects. Fluorescence spectra of the cocoon cap membranes revealed narrow emission bands in the green range of the visible spectrum. Large Stokes shifts of around 160 nm and high fluorescence quantum yields of up to 35% were measured. Transmission spectra were recorded in order to estimate the contribution of the fluorescence to the visible light transmitted through the cocoon cap membrane. The nest fluorescence of the Vietnamese wasps was compared with a European and an American species. Potential biological functions of these interesting fluorescence properties of the studied biomaterial are discussed. The discovery of this striking example of a fluorescent terrestrial biomaterial may contribute to the debate on adaptive biological functions of natural fluorescence and falls in line with the growing interest in biodiversity and bio-inspiration.
- Published
- 2021
29. Flexible freestanding graphene paper-based potentiometric enzymatic aptasensor for ultrasensitive wireless detection of kanamycin
- Author
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Yao Yao, Jianfeng Ping, and Chengmei Jiang
- Subjects
Paper ,Materials science ,Aptamer ,Potentiometric titration ,Biomedical Engineering ,Biophysics ,Nanotechnology ,Biosensing Techniques ,02 engineering and technology ,01 natural sciences ,Kanamycin ,Electrochemistry ,medicine ,Deoxyribonuclease I ,Wireless ,Enzyme Assays ,Graphene oxide paper ,Detection limit ,business.industry ,010401 analytical chemistry ,General Medicine ,Aptamers, Nucleotide ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Biocompatible material ,0104 chemical sciences ,Potentiometry ,Graphite ,0210 nano-technology ,business ,Biosensor ,Biotechnology ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Flexible sensing devices have drawn tremendous attention in the past decades due to their potential applications in future hand-held, potable consumer, and wearable electronics. Here, we firstly developed an ultrasensitive wireless potentiometric aptasensor based on flexible freestanding graphene paper for kanamycin detection. Flexible graphene paper made from a simple vacuum filtration method was used as a biocompatible platform for effective immobilization of aptamer. A nuclease-assisted amplification strategy was introduced into this potentiometric biosensing system in order to significantly improve the detection sensitivity through a classic catalytic recycling reaction of target induced by the nuclease (DNase I). As expected, an ultra-low detection limit of 30.0 fg/mL for kanamycin was achieved. Furthermore, the developed potentiometric enzymatic aptasensor exhibits high selectivity, favorable flexibility, excellent stability and reproducibility, which holds great promising for its routine sensing application.
- Published
- 2019
30. In situ paper-based 3D cell culture for rapid screening of the anti-melanogenic activity
- Author
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Naricha Pupinyo, Anchalee Chiabchalard, Wanida Laiwattanapaisal, and Moragot Chatatikun
- Subjects
Paper ,Cell Survival ,Cell Culture Techniques ,Drug Evaluation, Preclinical ,02 engineering and technology ,01 natural sciences ,Biochemistry ,Analytical Chemistry ,Melanin ,Absorbance ,Mice ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,3D cell culture ,Limit of Detection ,Cell Line, Tumor ,Electrochemistry ,Animals ,Environmental Chemistry ,Spectroscopy ,Melanins ,Matrigel ,Filter paper ,010401 analytical chemistry ,Arbutin ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,0104 chemical sciences ,chemistry ,Pyrones ,alpha-MSH ,Cell culture ,Biophysics ,0210 nano-technology ,Kojic acid - Abstract
Recently, paper has gained traction in the biotechnology research field due to its ability to be a substrate for 3D cell culture. In this work, we demonstrate the application of paper-based 3D cell culture for rapid and easy screening of the effect of natural compounds on melanin production. Whatman No. 1 filter paper was used as the substrate for B16F10 melanoma cell culture. The use of paper is beneficial for supporting the 3D structure of cells, which makes the result more reliable due to the similarity to in vivo conditions. Furthermore, paper is beneficial for melanin observation due to melanin's black color, which is easily in situ visualized after it is cultured on white paper. Matrigel was used to encapsulate cells before being pipetted onto the paper to prevent the passing of cells through paper pores. The intensity of melanin can then be observed with the naked eye and analyzed by scanning the paper. The analysis process took only 20 minutes, which is faster than that of the conventional absorbance spectroscopy, owing to the elimination of centrifugation, melanin solubilization, and the absorbance measurement step. The color intensity on the paper showed a direct proportion with increased α-MSH concentrations, confirming that the color on the paper was melanin. The 3D structure of cells was confirmed by using a scanning electron microscope. To demonstrate the application of the paper-based scaffold, paper-based 3D cell culture was used for screening the effects of Kojic acid and Arbutin on melanin production, which showed increased anti-melanogenesis effects with increased concentrations of natural compounds. High cell viability was observed over 120 hours. In conclusion, the developed paper-based scaffold can be used for screening the effect of natural compounds on melanin production, as a rapid and simple method with low cost.
- Published
- 2019
31. A research paper on the immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory activities of olive tree (Olea europaea L.) leaf
- Author
-
BEYAZ, Seda, GÖK, Özlem, and ASLAN, Abdullah
- Subjects
Biophysics ,Plant Science ,Olive tree leaf ,Oleuropein ,Oxidative stress ,Polyphenol ,Saccharomyces cerevisiae ,Biology ,Biochemistry ,Biyoloji ,Biotechnology - Abstract
Olive tree (Olea europaea L.) leaf is known to have a number of bioactive properties being antioxidant, antihypertensive, antiatherogenic, anti-inflammatory, antifungal, antiviral and antimicrobial. In this study, the immunomodulatory roles of Olive tree (Olea europaea L.) leaf against oxidative damage caused by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) in Saccharomyces cerevisiae were investigated. In the study, four groups were formed; namely, (i) Control Group: Yeast only planted group; (ii) CCl4 Group: Group given CCl4 (15 mM); (iii) Olive Tree Leaf Group: The group given olive tree leaf (10%); and (iv) Olive Tree Leaf + CCl4 Group: Olive tree leaf (10%) + CCl4 (15 mM) given group. Cultures of Saccharomyces cerevisiae were grown at 30 °C for 1, 3, 5, and 24 hours. Malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione levels (GSH), cell growth and catalase (CAT) activity measurements were determined by spectrophotometer. Total protein concentrations were determined by SDS-PAGE electrophoresis and the Bradford protein method. According to the results obtained; compared to the CCl4 group, cell growth (1, 3, 5 and 24 hours), total protein synthesis, and GSH and CAT activities (24 hours) increased in olive tree leaf groups, while MDA level (24 hours) decreased. Thanks to its strong bioactive properties, olive tree leaf has been found to increase cell growth and total protein synthesis by decreasing CCl4 induced oxidative stress in Saccharomyces cerevisiae culture. It has been concluded that if the olive tree leaf is used regularly, it will be beneficial in eliminating many health problems.
- Published
- 2022
32. Study of <scp>tobacco‐derived</scp> proteins in paper coatings
- Author
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Sachin Agate, Joseph N. Gutierrez, Richard A. Venditti, and Lokendra Pal
- Subjects
Paper ,Scanning electron microscope ,Biophysics ,engineering.material ,010402 general chemistry ,01 natural sciences ,Biochemistry ,Biomaterials ,Coated Materials, Biocompatible ,Coating ,Tobacco ,Solubility ,Bradford protein assay ,Soy protein ,Kjeldahl method ,Plant Proteins ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Protein Stability ,Viscosity ,010405 organic chemistry ,Chemistry ,Organic Chemistry ,General Medicine ,Polymer ,0104 chemical sciences ,Molecular Weight ,Plant Leaves ,Chemical engineering ,Soybean Proteins ,engineering ,Porosity ,Layer (electronics) - Abstract
Replacing synthetic polymers with renewable alternatives is a critical challenge for the packaging industry. This research investigated the use of leaf-based proteins as a sustainable co-binder in the coating formulations for paper-based packaging and other applications. Protein isolates from tobacco leaf and alfalfa concentrates were characterized using the Pierce protein assay, Kjeldahl nitrogen, and gel electrophoresis. The proteins were tested as co-binders in a typical latex-based paper coating formulation. The rheology and water retention properties of the wet coating and the surface, optical, structural, and strength properties of coated papers were measured. The coating performance was affected by the purity, solubility, and molecular weight of the tobacco protein and exhibited a shear-thinning behavior with lower water retention than soy protein. Analysis by scanning electron microscopy and time of flight secondary ion mass spectroscopy on the dried coating layer containing tobacco protein showed enhanced porosity (advantageous for package glueability) relative to the control latex coating. The tobacco protein offers adequate coverage and coating pigment distribution, indicating that this protein can be a suitable option in coatings for packaging applications.
- Published
- 2021
33. Paper mill sludge‐based carbon quantum dots as a specifically ratiometric fluorescent probe for the sensitive and selective detection of coptisine
- Author
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Yingxin Chen, Xiaotong Huang, Lu Li, Junxian Wu, Yongqi Guo, Yachao Yao, and Lihua Zhou
- Subjects
Berberine ,Sewage ,Chemistry (miscellaneous) ,Quantum Dots ,Biophysics ,Humans ,Carbon ,Fluorescent Dyes - Abstract
Coptisine (COP), one of the bioactive components in Rhizoma Coptidis, has many pharmacological effects. Meanwhile, the determination of COP is essential in pharmacological and clinical applications. Herein, we prepared carbon quantum dots (CQDs) by one-step oil-thermal method using paper mill sludge (PMS) as precursor, and developed a ratiometric fluorescence method for the determination of COP. The structural and optical properties of PMS-CQDs were evaluated through high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis), fluorescence, zeta potential and fluorescence lifetime experiments. Fluorescence intensity ratio at 550 nm and 425 nm (I
- Published
- 2022
34. Carbon dots‐modified paper‐based chemiluminescence device for rapid determination of mercury (II) in cosmetics
- Author
-
Iman Al Yahyai, Haider A. J. Al‐Lawati, and Javad Hassanzadeh
- Subjects
Ions ,Luminescence ,Limit of Detection ,Chemistry (miscellaneous) ,Quantum Dots ,Biophysics ,Cosmetics ,Hydrogen Peroxide ,Mercury ,Carbon - Abstract
Here, a simple and portable paper-based analytical device (PAD) based on the inherent capability of carbon quantum dots (CQDs) to serve as a great emitter for the bis(2,4,6-trichlorophenyl)oxalate (TCPO)-hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) chemiluminescence (CL) reaction is introduced for the detection of harmful mercury ions (Hg
- Published
- 2022
35. Electrochemical paper-based microfluidic device for on-line isolation of proteins and direct detection of lead in urine
- Author
-
Qing Zhang, Shou-Nian Ding, Zhijuan Wang, Wang Wan, and Qing Lv
- Subjects
Paper ,Materials science ,Microfluidics ,Biomedical Engineering ,Biophysics ,02 engineering and technology ,Biosensing Techniques ,01 natural sciences ,law.invention ,law ,Lab-On-A-Chip Devices ,Electrochemistry ,Deposition (phase transition) ,Electrodes ,Detection limit ,Microchannel ,Chromatography ,Filter paper ,010401 analytical chemistry ,General Medicine ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,0104 chemical sciences ,Electrochemical gas sensor ,Linear range ,Lead ,0210 nano-technology ,Atomic absorption spectroscopy ,Biotechnology - Abstract
In this work, we developed a microfluidic paper-based analytical device (μPAD) for the on-line isolation of proteins and the electrochemical detection of lead ions (Pb(II)) in urine samples. The patterned filter paper was prepared through the direct printing of microchannel patterns on filter paper using an office laser printer. The paper was modified with protein precipitant and was then coupled with a detachable three-electrode system. Experimental parameters, namely, modification reagents, microchannel length and width, deposition potential, and deposition time, were optimized. Then, the maximum protein concentration under which the device can function was obtained as 300 mg L−1. The linear range was 10–500 μg L−1 with a detection limit of 9 μg L−1. The effectiveness of this device was demonstrated through the quantification of Pb(II) in urine samples and the results agreed with those of atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS).
- Published
- 2021
36. Characterization of efficient xylanases from industrial-scale pulp and paper wastewater treatment microbiota
- Author
-
Jia Wang, Jiawei Liang, Yonghong Li, Lingmin Tian, and Yongjun Wei
- Subjects
lcsh:Biotechnology ,Microorganism ,lcsh:QR1-502 ,Biophysics ,engineering.material ,Biology ,medicine.disease_cause ,Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology ,lcsh:Microbiology ,Xylan ,Rumen ,lcsh:TP248.13-248.65 ,medicine ,Food science ,Gene ,Escherichia coli ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Xylanase ,Pulp (paper) ,GH10 family ,Enzyme ,chemistry ,Metagenomics ,Pulp and paper wastewater ,engineering ,Metagenome ,Original Article - Abstract
Xylanases are widely used enzymes in the food, textile, and paper industries. Most efficient xylanases have been identified from lignocellulose-degrading microbiota, such as the microbiota of the cow rumen and the termite hindgut. Xylanase genes from efficient pulp and paper wastewater treatment (PPWT) microbiota have been previously recovered by metagenomics, assigning most of the xylanase genes to the GH10 family. In this study, a total of 40 GH10 family xylanase genes derived from a certain PPWT microbiota were cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3). Among these xylanase genes, 14 showed xylanase activity on beechwood substrate. Two of these, PW-xyl9 and PW-xyl37, showed high activities, and were purified to evaluate their xylanase properties. Values of optimal pH and temperature for PW-xyl9 were pH 7 and 60 ℃, respectively, while those for PW-xyl37 were pH 7 and 55 ℃, respectively; their specific xylanase activities under optimal conditions were 470.1 U/mg protein and 113.7 U/mg protein, respectively. Furthermore, the Km values of PW-xyl9 and PW-xyl37 were determined as 8.02 and 18.8 g/L, respectively. The characterization of these two xylanases paves the way for potential application in future pulp and paper production and other industries, indicating that PPWT microbiota has been an undiscovered reservoir of efficient lignocellulase genes. This study demonstrates that a metagenomic approach has the potential to screen efficient xylanases of uncultured microorganisms from lignocellulose-degrading microbiota. In a similar way, other efficient lignocellulase genes might be identified from PPWT treatment microbiota in the future.
- Published
- 2021
37. Increasing The Packing Density Of Assays In Paper-Based Microfluidic Devices
- Author
-
Mehmed Ozkan, Hayati Havlucu, Sajjad Rahmani Dabbagh, Ali K. Yetisen, Fariba Ghaderinezhad, Oğuzhan Özcan, Savas Tasoglu, and Elaina M. Becher
- Subjects
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology ,Fabrication ,Computer science ,FLOW ,Microfluidics ,Biophysics ,FABRICATION ,Biomedical Engineering ,02 engineering and technology ,0915 Interdisciplinary Engineering ,01 natural sciences ,Biochemical Research Methods ,0203 Classical Physics ,Colloid and Surface Chemistry ,Physics, Fluids & Plasmas ,Fabrication methods ,IMMUNODEVICE ,Hardware_INTEGRATEDCIRCUITS ,General Materials Science ,Nanoscience & Nanotechnology ,Process engineering ,Review Articles ,Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes ,Science & Technology ,COLORIMETRIC DETECTION ,1007 Nanotechnology ,business.industry ,Physics ,010401 analytical chemistry ,RAPID DETECTION ,LOW-COST ,SENSOR ,PATTERNED PAPER ,Paper based ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Condensed Matter Physics ,LAB-ON-PAPER ,0104 chemical sciences ,Sphere packing ,Physical Sciences ,Science & Technology - Other Topics ,0210 nano-technology ,business ,Life Sciences & Biomedicine ,POINT - Abstract
Paper-based devices have a wide range of applications in point-of-care diagnostics, environmental analysis, and food monitoring. Paper-based devices can be deployed to resource-limited countries and remote settings in developed countries. Paper-based point-of-care devices can provide access to diagnostic assays without significant user training to perform the tests accurately and timely. The market penetration of paper-based assays requires decreased device fabrication costs, including larger packing density of assays (i.e., closely packed features) and minimization of assay reagents. In this review, we discuss fabrication methods that allow for increasing packing density and generating closely packed features in paper-based devices. To ensure that the paper-based device is low-cost, advanced fabrication methods have been developed for the mass production of closely packed assays. These emerging methods will enable minimizing the volume of required samples (e.g., liquid biopsies) and reagents in paper-based microfluidic devices.
- Published
- 2021
38. BBRC for 2023 and beyond - Research papers, reviews and the Carafoli Medal
- Author
-
Wolfgang Baumeister and Joe d’Angelo
- Subjects
Biophysics ,Cell Biology ,Molecular Biology ,Biochemistry - Published
- 2023
39. A simple paper-based surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) platform and magnetic separation for cancer screening
- Author
-
Tararaj Dharakul, Itthi Chatnuntawech, Pimporn Reokrungruang, and Suwussa Bamrungsap
- Subjects
Magnetic separation ,02 engineering and technology ,010402 general chemistry ,01 natural sciences ,Rhodamine ,symbols.namesake ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Materials Chemistry ,medicine ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Fibroblast ,Instrumentation ,Filter paper ,Chemistry ,Metals and Alloys ,Substrate (chemistry) ,Epithelial cell adhesion molecule ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Condensed Matter Physics ,0104 chemical sciences ,Surfaces, Coatings and Films ,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Cancer cell ,symbols ,Biophysics ,0210 nano-technology ,Raman scattering - Abstract
Early and precise diagnosis of cancer is critical for a better prognosis. Here, we describe a simple and cost-effective plasmonic paper as a surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrate in combination with magnetic separation for cancer screening. The plasmonic paper was fabricated by immersing plain filter paper into gold nanorod solution and the SERS property of the paper was evaluated using 4-mercaptobenzoic acid (4-MBA) and rhodamine 6 G (R6 G), which showed an enhancement factor (EF) in the range of 106–108. HT-29, a colorectal cancer cell line that highly expresses epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM), served as the target cells; non-EpCAM-expressing cells, namely fibroblasts and red blood cells (RBCs), were used as negative controls. Intrinsic SERS spectra of the target and control cells showed distinctive patterns on the plasmonic paper due to differences in their structure and components. A combination of principal component analysis (PCA) and k-nearest-neighbor algorithm (k-NN) was employed to analyze and distinguish the acquired HT-29 and fibroblast SERS spectra, demonstrating a diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of 84.8% and 82.6%, respectively, whereas the differentiation between HT-29 and RBCs SERS spectra showed a sensitivity and specificity of 96.4% and 100%, respectively. The magnetic separation was applied to capture the target cells from cell mixtures followed by PCA and k-NN analysis. The identification of the captured cells as cancerous cells from the HT-29 and fibroblast mixture indicated an accuracy of 83.7%, while that from a mixture of HT-29 and RBCs was 98.2%. Thus, the simple paper-based SERS substrate with the assistance of magnetic enrichment and multivariate analysis offers a potent new platform for cancer cell detection and screening.
- Published
- 2019
40. A wearable origami-like paper-based electrochemical biosensor for sulfur mustard detection
- Author
-
Danila Moscone, Fabiana Arduini, Amelie Tsoutsoulopoulos, Giulio Dionisi, Kai Kehe, Dirk Steinritz, Noemi Colozza, and Tanja Popp
- Subjects
Paper ,Working electrode ,Materials science ,Mustard Agent ,Biomedical Engineering ,Biophysics ,Poison control ,Nanotechnology ,Biosensing Techniques ,02 engineering and technology ,Electrocatalyst ,01 natural sciences ,Wearable Electronic Devices ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Limit of Detection ,Mustard Gas ,Electrochemistry ,Humans ,Settore CHIM/01 - Chimica Analitica ,Alcaligenes ,Chemical Warfare Agents ,Aerosols ,010401 analytical chemistry ,Sulfur mustard ,Electrochemical Techniques ,Equipment Design ,General Medicine ,Choline oxidase ,Enzymes, Immobilized ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Amperometry ,0104 chemical sciences ,Alcohol Oxidoreductases ,chemistry ,Screen-printed electrode Prussian blue nanoparticles Carbon black Chemical warfare agents Choline oxidase inhibition ,0210 nano-technology ,Biosensor ,Biotechnology - Abstract
The synthesis and employment of volatile toxic compounds as chemical weapons with a large-scale destructive power has introduced a new insidious threat over the last century. In this framework, the development of wearable sensing tools represents a critical point within the security field, in order to provide early alarm systems. Herein, a novel wearable electrochemical biosensor was developed for the rapid and on-site detection of mustard agents. Since a chemical attack is typically carried out by spraying these volatile agents into air, the sensor was designed in order to be able to measure mustard agents directly in the aerosol phase, further than in the liquid phase. The electrodes were screen-printed onto a filter paper support, which allowed to harness the porosity of paper to pre-load all the needed reagents into the cellulose network, and hence to realise an origami-like and reagent-free device. Mustard agent detection was carried out by monitoring their inhibitory effects toward the choline oxidase enzyme, through the amperometric measurement of the enzymatic by-product hydrogen peroxide. A carbon black/Prussian blue nanocomposite was used as a bulk-modifier of the conductive graphite ink constituting the working electrode, allowing for the electrocatalysis of the hydrogen peroxide reduction. After having verified the detecting capability toward a mustard agent simulant, the applicability of the resulting origami-like biosensor was demonstrated for the rapid and real-time detection of real sulfur mustard, obtaining limits of detection equal to 1 mM and 0.019 g·min/m3 for liquid and aerosol phase, respectively.
- Published
- 2019
41. Paper-based platform for detection by hybridization using intrinsically labeled fluorescent oligonucleotide probes on quantum dots
- Author
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Maryam Moazami-Goudarzi, Anna Shahmuradyan, Fasika Kitazume, George S. Espie, and Ulrich J. Krull
- Subjects
Paper ,Oligonucleotides ,02 engineering and technology ,Sensitivity and Specificity ,01 natural sciences ,Biochemistry ,Analytical Chemistry ,Matrix (chemical analysis) ,Quantum Dots ,Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer ,Electrochemistry ,Environmental Chemistry ,Spectroscopy ,Fluorescent Dyes ,Detection limit ,Oligonucleotide ,Chemistry ,Hybridization probe ,010401 analytical chemistry ,Nucleic Acid Hybridization ,Equipment Design ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Fluorescence ,0104 chemical sciences ,Förster resonance energy transfer ,Quantum dot ,Biophysics ,Oligonucleotide Probes ,0210 nano-technology ,Oligomer restriction - Abstract
A paper-based platform was investigated in which the selective detection of oligonucleotide targets by hybridization was accomplished via the enhancement of fluorescence emission from intrinsically labeled DNA probes that were immobilized on the surface of quantum dots (QDs). Multiple copies of a derivative of thiazole orange, an intercalating dye known to form non-emissive dimers, were conjugated to single-stranded oligonucleotide probes. Dimerization resulted in the formation of H-aggregates where excitonic interactions led to the suppression of fluorescence. The hybridization of the oligonucleotide probe with a complementary target resulted in the enhancement of fluorescence emission as the dimers dissociated and the dyes preferentially intercalated with the duplex. The detection of oligonucleotide targets using this configuration eliminated the need for labeling the target strands, and fluorescence intensity was proportional to the extent of hybridization. In addition, the dye molecules were excited using Foerster Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) from QD donors, which resulted in improved selectivity and allowed for ratiometric detection. A solution-phase hybridization assay based on similar operational principles has been previously reported, and this new work investigated the advantages offered for this transduction scheme using paper-based solid-phase substrates. QD-probe conjugates were immobilized in sufficient density on the paper matrix to provide for multiple-donor-multiple-acceptor interactions that resulted in a 20-fold enhancement of acceptor emission compared to the solution-based assay, providing a limit of detection of 0.1 pmol. The paper-based assay provided for the reduction of the time needed for sample preparation and data acquisition, demonstrated that transduction was possible in a complex matrix (goat serum) without compromising on the performance observed in buffer solution, and that oligonucleotides generated from standard PCR amplification could be detected.
- Published
- 2019
42. Lab-on-paper aptasensor for label-free picomolar detection of a pancreatic hormone in serum
- Author
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Jinesh Niroula, Gayan Premaratne, and Sadagopan Krishnan
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History ,Polymers and Plastics ,Paper device ,Diabetes ,Biomedical Engineering ,Biophysics ,Aptasensor ,Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering ,Pancreatic hormones ,Molecular diagnostics ,Electrochemistry ,Label-free ,Business and International Management ,TP248.13-248.65 ,Biotechnology - Abstract
Pancreatic hormones such as insulin play the crucial life-supporting role of glucose metabolism. Due to rapidly growing diabetic disorders and associated health complications globally, combined with the pathogenic viral infections severely affecting people with pre-existing conditions, new user-friendly, affordable molecular diagnostic approaches that offer simplicity, cost-effectiveness, and an ultra-sensitive detection in human biofluids are necessary to improve the global health. In this regard, a low-cost paper device that enables easy monitoring of fasting blood-relevant ultra-low picomolar insulin levels is innovative, giving broader applications to any other similar critical molecular targets. The essential contribution of this lab-on-paper is the combination of label-free electrochemical insulin aptasensing with a paper electrode device as a simpler, cheaper, and reliable molecular diagnostic approach for complex serum samples with supporting independent validation methods for confirming scientific rigor and fit-for-purpose of the presented approach. Our aptasensor features a carboxylated graphene-aptamer surface design offering a clinically relevant quantitative detection of picomolar insulin present in a 10-fold diluted neat serum based on interfacial capacitance changes in proportion to the serum insulin concentration (dynamic range 5–500 pM and limit of detection 1.5 pM). Application for undiluted serum samples is demonstrated. Furthermore, analysis of an actual diabetes patient serum sample and correlation of the capacitance sensor results with peroxidase antibody label-based insulin assay approaches are presented (amperometric detection and a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay are used as validation methods).
- Published
- 2022
43. Time-resolution addressable photoelectrochemical strategy based on hollow-channel paper analytical devices
- Author
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Shenguang Ge, Lina Zhang, Yanhu Wang, Qingkun Kong, and Jinghua Yu
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Paper ,Materials science ,Photochemistry ,Biomedical Engineering ,Biophysics ,Oxide ,Metal Nanoparticles ,Biosensing Techniques ,02 engineering and technology ,010402 general chemistry ,01 natural sciences ,law.invention ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,law ,Electrochemistry ,business.industry ,Graphene ,Heterojunction ,Electrochemical Techniques ,General Medicine ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,0104 chemical sciences ,MicroRNAs ,chemistry ,Quantum dot ,Colloidal gold ,Optoelectronics ,Nanorod ,Gold ,Zinc Oxide ,0210 nano-technology ,business ,Biotechnology ,Communication channel ,Visible spectrum - Abstract
The construction of a photoelectrochemical (PEC) strategy for multi-component detection represents a great challenge in the field of sensing. To address these challenges, herein we presented a hollow-channel paper-based PEC analytical platform based on chemiluminescence (CL) addressable strategies excited PEC strategy for multiplexed sensing application. Sandwich-structured CdS quantum dots (QDs)/reduced graphene oxide (RGO)/ZnO nanorods arrays (NRAs) heterostructure where CdS serves as visible light sensitizers, RGO acts as an electron relay between ZnO NRAs and CdS QDs, were simply assembled on the gold nanoparticles modified paper working photoelectrode (Au-PWE). The PEC performance of the CdS/RGO/ZnO can be greatly improved benefiting from the formation of type II band alignment between CdS QDs and ZnO NR as well as the super charge collection and shuttling property of RGO. Multiplexed CL emission could be achieved through controlling the CL co-reagents transport. By the virtue of CL addressable technique and the excellent PEC activity of CdS/RGO/ZnO, a highly sensitive, and selective multiple microRNAs (miRNAs) quantification method was achieved. Such a tailored strategy would break the bottleneck of the current PEC detection techniques in multiplex tracing, as well as serve as a novel concept for designing multi-channel PEC sensing method.
- Published
- 2018
44. Peptide modified paper based impedimetric immunoassay with nanocomposite electrodes as a point-of-care testing of Alpha-fetoprotein in human serum
- Author
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Ahmad Kermanpur, Fathallah Karimzadeh, and Maryam Moazeni
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Paper ,Materials science ,Microfluidics ,Biomedical Engineering ,Biophysics ,02 engineering and technology ,01 natural sciences ,Nanocomposites ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Limit of Detection ,Electrochemistry ,medicine ,Humans ,Diphenylalanine ,Electrodes ,Immunoassay ,Detection limit ,Chromatography ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,010401 analytical chemistry ,General Medicine ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,0104 chemical sciences ,Cellulose fiber ,chemistry ,Point-of-Care Testing ,Screen printing ,Electrode ,alpha-Fetoproteins ,Peptides ,0210 nano-technology ,Alpha-fetoprotein ,Blood Chemical Analysis ,Biotechnology - Abstract
Treatment for cancer depends on the type of cancer, and the stage or its development, and thus the need for point-of-care technology that can allow rapid and precise detection of biomarkers is increasing. Here, we present a simple on chip electrical detection of Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP). We rely on using a novel peptide modified plastic-paper microfluidic chips to perform efficient and specific impedimetric detection of AFP in human serum. The chips are prepared from a lower sheet of plastic and upper layer of cellulose chromatography paper modified with silver-20 wt% graphene printed electrodes. Diphenylalanine (FF) was proposed to involve in detection zone of the fabricated microchips in order to improve the sensing performance and the stability of immobilized antibodies according to amine-aldehyde reaction. The target protein is captured on the surface of microchips using specific monoclonal antibodies and the electrical response of the chip is monitored in the presence and absence of different concentrations of AFP. The influence of several parameters including the material types for screen printing of electrodes, FF concentrations, solvent and pH of FF solution on electrical response and cellulose fibers morphology was explored. The impedance measurements of AFP on the fabricated microchip in the optimized parameters exhibited a detection limit of 1 and 10 ng ml-1 in PBS and plasma, respectively. This platform developed here can be adopted to develop systems for rapid detection of biomarkers using portable electric devices.
- Published
- 2018
45. Early detection and monitoring of chronic wounds using low-cost, omniphobic paper-based smart bandages
- Author
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Shihuan Kuang, Aniket Pal, Beatriz Castro, Ramses V. Martinez, Hugo E. Cuellar, and Debkalpa Goswami
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Paper ,Wound site ,Skin wound ,Computer science ,Biomedical Engineering ,Biophysics ,Wearable computer ,Early detection ,Biosensing Techniques ,02 engineering and technology ,010402 general chemistry ,01 natural sciences ,Dressing change ,Mice ,Electrochemistry ,Animals ,Monitoring, Physiologic ,Pressure Ulcer ,General Medicine ,Paper based ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Bandages ,Potentiostat ,0104 chemical sciences ,Early Diagnosis ,Dielectric Spectroscopy ,0210 nano-technology ,Bandage ,Biotechnology ,Biomedical engineering - Abstract
The growing socio-economic burden of chronic skin wounds requires the development of new automated and non-invasive analytical systems capable of wirelessly monitoring wound status. This work describes the low-cost fabrication of single-use, omniphobic paper-based smart bandages (OPSBs) designed to monitor the status of open chronic wounds and to detect the formation of pressure ulcers. OPSBs are lightweight, flexible, breathable, easy to apply, and disposable by burning. A reusable wearable potentiostat was fabricated to interface with the OPSB simply by attaching it to the back of the bandage. The wearable potentiostat and the OPSB can be used to simultaneously quantify pH and uric acid levels at the wound site, and wirelessly report wound status to the user or medical personnel. Additionally, the wearable potentiostat and the OPSBs can be used to detect, in an in-vivo mouse model, the formation of pressure ulcers even before the pressure-induced tissue damage becomes visible, using impedance spectroscopy. Our results demonstrate the feasibility of using inexpensive single-use OPSBs and a reusable, wearable potentiostat that can be easily sterilized and attached to a new OPSB during the dressing change, to provide long term wound progression data to guide treatment decisions.
- Published
- 2018
46. LSA-50 paper: An alternative to P81 phosphocellulose paper for radiometric protein kinase assays
- Author
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Rudra Kashyap, Johan Van Lint, Olivia Appelmans, Arnout Voet, Wim M. De Borggraeve, and Philippe Gilles
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Paper ,Biochemistry & Molecular Biology ,Cation exchange paper ,Biophysics ,Biochemistry ,Biochemical Research Methods ,Protein kinase ,Research community ,Alternative paper ,Luciferase ,Kinase activity ,Cellulose ,Radiometry ,Protein kinase A ,Molecular Biology ,Science & Technology ,Kinase ,Chemistry ,Chemistry, Analytical ,Cell Biology ,Radiometric kinase assay ,Physical Sciences ,Phosphocellulose paper ,Life Sciences & Biomedicine ,Protein Kinases - Abstract
Radiometric assays have widely been used for measuring protein kinase activity for decades. In addition, several non-radiometric kinase assay formats have been developed over the years, including luciferase-based and fluorescence-based assays. However, radiometric assays are still considered as the "gold standard" for protein kinase assays, because of their direct readout, high sensitivity, reproducibility, reliability, and very low background signals. These radiometric assays rely on P81 phosphocellulose paper to capture the phosphorylated substrate and wash out unreacted [γ-32P] ATP. However, recently the production of P81 was discontinued by the manufacturer, causing major concern within the protein kinase research community. The advantages of radiometric assays over other kinase assay methods call for an urgent alternative to the discontinued P81 paper. In this report, we demonstrate that the LSA-50 paper is a worthy alternative for radiometric protein kinase assays originally using P81 phosphocellulose paper. ispartof: ANALYTICAL BIOCHEMISTRY vol:630 ispartof: location:United States status: published
- Published
- 2021
47. Paper-based electrochemical peptide sensor for on-site detection of botulinum neurotoxin serotype A and C
- Author
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Fabiana Arduini, Silvia Fillo, Nino D'Amore, Ornella Rossetto, Maria Moccia, Concetta Avitabile, Florigio Lista, Danila Moscone, Marco Pirazzini, and Veronica Caratelli
- Subjects
Botulinum Toxins ,Square wave voltammetry ,Biomedical Engineering ,Biophysics ,Metal Nanoparticles ,Peptide ,02 engineering and technology ,Biosensing Techniques ,medicine.disease_cause ,Serogroup ,01 natural sciences ,Type A ,Smart-phone assisted analysis ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Mice ,Settore CHIM/01 ,Limit of Detection ,Electrochemistry ,medicine ,Gold nanoparticles ,Animals ,Botulism ,Paper-based biosensors ,Botulinum Toxins, Type A ,Detection limit ,Orange juice ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Chromatography ,Peptide sensor ,Gold ,Peptides ,010401 analytical chemistry ,General Medicine ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,medicine.disease ,0104 chemical sciences ,chemistry ,Colloidal gold ,Clostridium botulinum ,0210 nano-technology ,Biosensor ,Methylene blue ,Biotechnology - Abstract
Botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs) produced by soil bacterium Clostridium botulinum are cause of botulism and listed as biohazard agents, thus rapid screening assays are needed for taking the correct countermeasures in a timely fashion. The gold standard method relies on the mouse lethality assay with a lengthy analysis time, i.e., 2–5 days, hindering the prompt management of food safety and medical diagnosis. Herein, we propose the first paper-based antibody-free sensor for reliable and rapid detection of BoNT/A and BoNT/C, exploiting their cleavage capability toward a synthetic peptide able to mimic the natural substrate SNAP-25. The peptide is labelled with the electroactive molecule methylene blue and immobilized on the paper-based electrode modified with gold nanoparticles. Because BoNT/A and BoNT/C can cleave the peptide with the removal of methylene blue from electrode surface, the presence of these neurotoxins in the sample leads to a signal decrease proportional to BoNT amount. The biosensor developed with the selected peptide and combined with smartphone assisted potentiostat is able to detect both BoNT/A and BoNT/C with a linearity up to 1 nM and a detection limit equal to 10 pM. The applicability of this biosensor was evaluated with spiked samples of orange juice, obtaining recovery values equal to 104 ± 6% and 98 ± 9% for 1 nM and 0.5 nM of BoNT/A, respectively.
- Published
- 2021
48. MIRSIG position paper: the use of image registration and fusion algorithms in radiotherapy
- Author
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Nicholas, Lowther, Rob, Louwe, Johnson, Yuen, Nicholas, Hardcastle, Adam, Yeo, and Michael, Jameson
- Subjects
Radiological and Ultrasound Technology ,Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted ,Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ,Biomedical Engineering ,Biophysics ,Humans ,Radiotherapy Dosage ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,Instrumentation ,Algorithms ,Biotechnology - Abstract
The report of the American Association of Physicists in Medicine (AAPM) Task Group No. 132 published in 2017 reviewed rigid image registration and deformable image registration (DIR) approaches and solutions to provide recommendations for quality assurance and quality control of clinical image registration and fusion techniques in radiotherapy. However, that report did not include the use of DIR for advanced applications such as dose warping or warping of other matrices of interest. Considering that DIR warping tools are now readily available, discussions were hosted by the Medical Image Registration Special Interest Group (MIRSIG) of the Australasian College of Physical Scientists & Engineers in Medicine in 2018 to form a consensus on best practice guidelines. This position statement authored by MIRSIG endorses the recommendations of the report of AAPM task group 132 and expands on the best practice advice from the ‘Deforming to Best Practice’ MIRSIG publication to provide guidelines on the use of DIR for advanced applications.
- Published
- 2022
49. Paper-based electroanalytical devices for in situ determination of free 3-indoleacetic acid and salicylic acid in living Pyropia haitanensis thallus under various environmental stresses
- Author
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Yuejun Fei, Lijun Sun, Lingjuan Tang, Yu Pan, Qiong Wang, and Xiaohui Li
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,In situ ,Chemistry ,010604 marine biology & hydrobiology ,food and beverages ,Plant physiology ,Plant Science ,Paper based ,Aquatic Science ,01 natural sciences ,Thallus ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Pyropia haitanensis ,Biophysics ,Differential pulse voltammetry ,Desiccation ,Salicylic acid ,010606 plant biology & botany - Abstract
Phytohormones play a vital role in regulating plant developmental processes and signaling for defense, but little is known of the specific functions of phytohormones in Pyropia haitanensis. In this study, paper-based electroanalytical devices for sensitive, in situ detection of free 3-indoleacetic acid (IAA) and salicylic acid (SA) based on their electrocatalytic oxidation under differential pulse voltammetry in P. haitanensis thallus were built. Then, this method was used to detect free IAA and SA in P. haitanensis thallus under different environmental stresses, including high temperature, high irradiance, desiccation, and exposure to ultraviolet radiation. The concentrations of SA increased after the different environmental stresses were imposed, while the concentrations of IAA significantly decreased after desiccation, exposure to ultraviolet radiation and high light. During exposure to high temperature, the concentrations of IAA increased in the first hour after treatment, and then returned to the normal level for the following 5 h. All of the electrocatalytic measurements were supported by measuring expression levels of IAA and SA synthesis-related genes in P. haitanensis. These results help to systematically clarify that IAA acts as a negative regulatory factor in regulating plant resistance to environmental stresses except for high temperature, while SA plays the opposite role.
- Published
- 2019
50. A paper-based electrochemical immunosensor with reduced graphene oxide/thionine/gold nanoparticles nanocomposites modification for the detection of cancer antigen 125
- Author
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Junshuang Ma, Shengyu Shi, Yan Fan, and Yaohua Guo
- Subjects
Paper ,Working electrode ,Materials science ,endocrine system diseases ,Point-of-Care Systems ,Biomedical Engineering ,Biophysics ,Metal Nanoparticles ,Biosensing Techniques ,02 engineering and technology ,01 natural sciences ,Thionine ,Nanocomposites ,law.invention ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Limit of Detection ,Phenothiazines ,law ,Ca125 antigen ,Electrochemistry ,medicine ,Humans ,Immunoassay ,Detection limit ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,Graphene ,010401 analytical chemistry ,Electrochemical Techniques ,Equipment Design ,General Medicine ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,female genital diseases and pregnancy complications ,0104 chemical sciences ,chemistry ,Linear range ,Colloidal gold ,CA-125 Antigen ,Graphite ,Gold ,0210 nano-technology ,Antibodies, Immobilized ,Biotechnology ,Nuclear chemistry - Abstract
A paper-based electrochemical immunosensor was developed for the detection of cancer antigen 125 (CA125) by screen-printing technique. The reduced graphene oxide/thionine/gold nanoparticles (rGO/Thi/AuNPs) nanocomposites were compounded and coated onto the working electrode of immunosensor for CA125 antibody (anti-CA125) immobilization and detection signal amplification. The detection principle was based on the fact that the immunocomplex formed by specify binding of CA125 antibody and antigen could reduce the current response of thionine, which was proportional to the corresponding concentration of CA125 antigen. The immunoassay results showed that the linear range of CA125 was from 0.1 U mL-1 to 200 U mL-1 with the limit of detection (LOD) of 0.01 U mL-1 at signal to noise of 3. Quality control serum samples measured by our proposed immunosensor showed acceptable agreement with traditional ELISA method with the relative error less than 8.05%. The immunosensor exhibited good electrochemical performance with high reproducibility, reliability, stability and accuracy. The proposed immunosensor could be used for the determination of CA125 and had the potential for point-of-care testing (POCT) of other tumor marker.
- Published
- 2019
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