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Your search keyword '"Chunhui Li"' showing total 4 results
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4 results on '"Chunhui Li"'

1. Advances in the diagnosis and treatment of Clostridium difficile infections

Author

Lifen Ling, Christopher R. Polage, Zhong Peng, Charles W. Stratton, Yi-Wei Tang, Bin Wu, and Chunhui Li

Subjects
Diarrhea, 0301 basic medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, genetic structures, Epidemiology, medicine.drug_class, 030106 microbiology, Immunology, Antibiotics, Surotomycin, Review Article, Microbiology, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Virology, Drug Discovery, Animals, Humans, Medicine, Intensive care medicine, Clostridioides difficile, business.industry, General Medicine, Gold standard (test), Clostridium difficile, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Clinical trial, Infectious Diseases, Bezlotoxumab, chemistry, Clostridium Infections, Parasitology, medicine.symptom, business, Cadazolid
Abstract

Clostridium difficile is a leading cause of antibiotic-associated diarrhea worldwide. The diagnosis of C. difficile infection (CDI) requires both clinical manifestations and a positive laboratory test for C. difficile and/or its toxins. While antibiotic therapy is the treatment of choice for CDI, there are relatively few classes of effective antibiotics currently available. Therefore, the development of novel antibiotics and/or alternative treatment strategies for CDI has received a great deal of attention in recent years. A number of emerging agents such as cadazolid, surotomycin, ridinilazole, and bezlotoxumab have demonstrated activity against C. difficile; some of these have been approved for limited clinical use and some are in clinical trials. In addition, other approaches such as early and accurate diagnosis of CDI as well as disease prevention are important for clinical management. While the toxigenic culture and the cell cytotoxicity neutralization assay are still recognized as the gold standard for the diagnosis of CDI, new diagnostic approaches such as nucleic acid amplification methods have become available. In this review, we will discuss both current and emerging diagnostic and therapeutic modalities for CDI.

Published
2018

2. Bioprospecting Deep-Sea Actinobacteria for Novel Anti-infective Natural Products

Author

Dongbo Xu, Linna Han, Chunhui Li, Qi Cao, Duolong Zhu, Nolan H. Barrett, Dedra Harmody, Jing Chen, Haining Zhu, Peter J. McCarthy, Xingmin Sun, and Guojun Wang

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Microbiology (medical), medicine.drug_class, natural products, 030106 microbiology, Antibiotics, lcsh:QR1-502, Drug resistance, medicine.disease_cause, Microbiology, lcsh:Microbiology, Actinobacteria, 03 medical and health sciences, Minimum inhibitory concentration, lanthanum chloride, deep-sea sponge, medicine, 14. Life underwater, Candida albicans, Original Research, drug resistance, biology, Chemistry, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, actinobacteria, biology.organism_classification, 6. Clean water, 3. Good health, anti-infective, antibacterial, 030104 developmental biology, Staphylococcus aureus, Vancomycin, antifungal, medicine.drug
Abstract

The global prevalence of drug resistance has created an urgent need for the discovery of novel anti-infective drugs. The major source of antibiotics in current clinical practice is terrestrial actinobacteria; the less-exploited deep-sea actinobacteria may serve as an unprecedented source of novel natural products. In this study, we evaluated 50 actinobacteria strains derived from diverse deep water sponges and environmental niches for their anti-microbial activities against a panel of pathogens including Candida albicans, Clostridium difficile, Staphylococcus aureus, and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. More than half of the tested strains (27) were identified as active in at least one assay. The rare earth salt lanthanum chloride (LaCl3) was shown to be as an effective elicitor. Among the 27 strains, the anti-microbial activity of 15 were induced or enhanced by the addition of LaCl3. This part of study focused on one strain R818, in which potent antifungal activity was induced by the addition of LaCl3. We found that the LaCl3-activated metabolites in R818 are likely antimycin-type compounds. One of them, compound 1, has been purified. Spectroscopic analyses including HR-MS and 1D NMR indicated that this compound is urauchimycin D. The antifungal activity of compound 1 was confirmed with a minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 25 μg/mL; the purified compound also showed a moderate activity against C. difficile. Additional notable strains are: strain N217 which showed both antifungal and antibacterial (including P. aeruginosa) activities and strain M864 which showed potent activity against C. difficile with an MIC value (0.125 μg/mL) lower than those of vancomycin and metronidazole. Our preliminary studies show that deep-sea actinobacteria is a promising source of anti-infective natural products.

Published
2018

3. Cultivation of Hippeastrum vittatum Embryogénie Calli and Their Sensitivity to Antibiotics.

Author

Bo Yu, Min Liu, Yu Zhu, Aidong Zhong, Lili Huang, Dongxiang Zhu, Chunhui Li, Genfa Zhu, and Yingbo Sun

Subjects
HIPPEASTRUM, CALLUS (Botany), ANTIBIOTICS, PLANT embryology, DICHLOROPHENOXYACETIC acid
Abstract

In this study, an embryogenic callus induction and proliferation system for Hippeastrum vittatum was established, with the tender bulbs as expiants. And then the sensitivity of the expiants and calli to kanamycin and hygromycin was evaluated. The results suggested that the embryogenic calli were induced from tender bulbs and cultured in Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/L N-phenyl-N'-l, 2,3-thiadiazol-5-ylurea (TDZ), 1.0 mg/L 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), and 30 g/L sucrose (pH5.8) in the dark at 25 ± 1°C. Further study of the influence of kanamycin and hygromycin on callus induction and multiplication showed that, the lethal doses of kanamycin and hygromycin to bulb expiants were 100 and 30 mg/L, respectively. All expiants of H. vittatum died on the medium supplemented with 100 mg/L kanamycin or 30 mg/L hygromycin at the induction stage, and callus proliferation was completely inhibited by 100 mg/L kanamycin or 25 mg/L hygromycin, and all the calli died at last. These results will provide important reference for further studies of transgenic H. vittatum. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018

4. Risk factors and medical costs for healthcare-associated carbapenem-resistant Escherichia coli infection among hospitalized patients in a Chinese teaching hospital.

Author

Xiujuan Meng, Sidi Liu, Juping Duan, Xun Huang, Pengcheng Zhou, Xinrui Xiong, Ruie Gong, Ying Zhang, Yao Liu, Chenchao Fu, Chunhui Li, Anhua Wu, Meng, Xiujuan, Liu, Sidi, Duan, Juping, Huang, Xun, Zhou, Pengcheng, Xiong, Xinrui, Gong, Ruie, and Zhang, Ying

Subjects
DRUG resistance in bacteria, CARBAPENEMS, ESCHERICHIA coli diseases, ESCHERICHIA coli, MEDICAL care costs, PUBLIC health, DISEASE risk factors, ACADEMIC medical centers, ANTI-infective agents, ANTIBIOTICS, CROSS infection, DRUG resistance in microorganisms, HEMOGLOBINS, LENGTH of stay in hospitals, HYPERGLYCEMIA, MULTIVARIATE analysis, TRACHEOTOMY, URINARY organ diseases, LOGISTIC regression analysis, SPECIALTY hospitals, DISEASE incidence, RETROSPECTIVE studies, CASE-control method, CENTRAL venous catheterization, ECONOMICS
Abstract

Background: The emergence and spread of Carbapenem-resistant Escherichia coli (CREC) is becoming a serious problem in Chinese hospitals, however, the data on this is scarce. Therefore, we investigate the risk factors for healthcare-associated CREC infection and study the incidence, antibiotic resistance and medical costs of CREC infections in our hospital.Methods: We conducted a retrospective, matched case-control-control, parallel study in a tertiary teaching hospital. Patients admitted between January 2012 and December 2015 were included in this study. For patients with healthcare-associated CREC infection, two matched subject groups were created; one group with healthcare-associated CSEC infection and the other group without infection.Results: Multivariate conditional logistic regression analysis demonstrated that prior hospital stay (<6 months) (OR:3.96; 95%CI:1.26-12.42), tracheostomy (OR:2.24; 95%CI: 1.14-4.38), central venous catheter insertion (OR: 8.15; 95%CI: 2.31-28.72), carbapenem exposure (OR: 12.02; 95%CI: 1.52-95.4), urinary system disease (OR: 16.69; 95%CI: 3.01-89.76), low hemoglobin (OR: 2.83; 95%CI: 1.46-5.50), and high blood glucose are associated (OR: 7.01; 95%CI: 1.89-26.02) with CREC infection. Total costs (p = 0.00), medical examination costs (p = 0.00), medical test costs (p = 0.00), total drug costs (p = 0.00) and ant-infective drug costs (p = 0.00) for the CREC group were significantly higher than those for the no infection group. Medical examination costs (p = 0.03), total drug costs (p = 0.03), and anti-infective drug costs (p = 0.01) for the CREC group were significantly higher than for the CSEC group. Mortality in CREC group was significantly higher than the CSEC group (p = 0.01) and no infection group (p = 0.01).Conclusion: Many factors were discovered for acquisition of healthcare-associated CREC infection. CREC isolates were resistant to most antibiotics, and had some association with high financial burden and increased mortality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2017
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