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Ensuring high slope stability has become a critical technical challenge that threatens construction safety, restricts project progress, and affects safe operation. This research utilizes 3DEC software to establish the slope model, analyze the stability of high slopes with down-layer and anti-dip slab-cracked rock bodies using the discrete element method and strength reduction method, and investigate the influence of each feature of the slab-cracked rock body on the stability of the slab-cracked structure slope. Then, a slope was designed with the reinforcement scheme of “anchor anti-slip pile + prestressed anchor cable + drainage + slope protection” as an example to analyze the effectiveness of slope reinforcement under different anti-slip pile positions and sizes and to verify the effectiveness of the slope reinforcement scheme through the displacement changes of the slope. The results show that the slope safety coefficient is positively correlated with the rock mass, thickness, and strength of the cracked body. The most obvious effect is the rock mass, and the safety coefficients of the two kinds of cracked slopes when the rock mass is the highest are 4.464 and 6.714, respectively. The displacements in the X direction and the Z direction are reduced by 78.04% and 60.34%, respectively, and the reinforced design has played the role of limiting the decline of slopes. To some extent, it can ensure the effectiveness of the slope-reinforced scheme. The design of reinforcement plays an effective role in limiting slope decline, which can provide the stability of the slope to a certain extent.

ObjectiveTo analyze the morbidity and mortality characteristics and prevalence trends of asopharyngeal carcinoma among registered residents in Yuyao City of Zhejiang Province from 2012 to 2021， and to provide suggestions for the prevention and treatment of the cancer.MethodsThe incidence and mortality data of asopharyngeal carcinoma in Yuyao City from 2012 to 2021 were collected. The incidence， mortality， standardized rate， cut-off rate， cumulative rate and annual percentage of trend change were calculated. A linear logarithmic model was used to analyze the variation trend.ResultsFrom 2012 to 2021， the crude incidence rate was 6.46/105 in Yuyao， while the Chinese standard rate was 4.78/105 and the world standard rate was 3.68/105， which all increased over the years. The indicators in males were higher than these in females （χ2=85.377， P

Objective: To analyze detection rate and changing trend of clinical multi-drug resistant bacteria(MDRB) in recent 5 years, and explore drug resistance characteristics of carbapenem resistant gram-negative bacteria, so as to provide reference for nosocomial infection prevention and control and empirical treatment of antibiotics in clinical practice. Methods: Seven kinds of MDRB isolated from clinical specimens of hospitalized patients during January 2017 to December 2021 were retrospectively analyzed, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), vancomycin resistant Enterococcus (VRE), extended spectrum β-lactamases producing Escherichia coli (ESBL-eco), extended spectrum β-lactamases producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (ESBL-kpn), carbapenem resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE), carbapenem resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CR-AB) and carbapenem resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (CR-PA). The rate of carbapenem resistant gram-negative bacilli to common antibiotics and the carbapenemase production of CRE strain were analyzed with SPSS 20.0. Results: VRE was not detected in this study. Except ESBL-eco, the isolated rates of the other five MDRB increased in the past five years. The detection rates of MRSA, ESBL-kpn, CRE, CR-AB and CR-PA fluctuated between 37.0%-53.6%, 19.3%-34.3%, 2.5%-10.6%, 34.1%-63.4% and 11.3%-22.8%, respectively. It revealed that 65.4% CRE, 72.0% CR-AB, and 59.3% CR-PA isolates were isolated from ICU. The resistant rates of CRE and CR-AB to quinolones, cephalosporins and β-Lactamase inhibitor complex were 90.0%. Among 272 CRE strains, 221 strains were Klebsiella pneumoniae, accounting for 81.3%. The carbapenemase was detected in 90 strains of CRE, in which three kinds of carbapenemases (KPC, NDM and IMP) were detected and the constituent ratio of KPC enzyme was 90.0%. Conclusions: The isolated rates of six MDRB in this study are much lower than the average level in Shanghai and national tertiary hospitals in the same period, but the isolated rates of MRSA, ESBL-kpn, CRE, CR-AB and CR-PA show an upward trend, which should be paid attention to, especially the carbapenem resistant gram-negative bacteria in ICU. In this study, 90 strains of CRE tested produced three kinds of carbapenem enzymes, in which KPC enzymes showed a high proportion.

Klebsiella pneumoniae is a pathogen that commonly causes hospital‐acquired infections. Bacterial biofilms are structured bacterial communities that adhere to the surface of objects or biological tissues. In this study, we investigated the genome homology and biofilm formation capacity of ESBL‐producing K. pneumoniae. Thirty ESBL‐producing K. pneumoniae isolates from 25 inpatients at Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai, were subjected to pulsed‐field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) to estimate genomic relatedness. Based on the chromosomal DNA patterns we obtained, we identified 21 PFGE profiles from the 30 isolates, eight of which had high homology indicating that they may have genetic relationships and/or potential clonal advantages within the hospital. Approximately 84% (21/25) of the clinical patients had a history of surgery, urinary tract catheterization, and/or arteriovenous intubation, all of which may have increased the risk for nosocomial infections. Biofilms were observed in 73% (22/30) of the isolates and that strains did not express type 3 fimbriae did not have biofilm formation capacity. Above findings indicated that a high percentage of ESBL‐producing K. pneumoniae isolates formed biofilms in vitro and even though two strains with cut‐off of PFGE reached 100% similarity, they generated biofilms differently. Besides, the variability in biofilm formation ability may be correlated with the expression of type 3 fimbriae. Thus, we next screened four ESBL‐producing K. pneumoniae isolates (Kpn5, Kpn7, Kpn11, and Kpn16) with high homology and significant differences in biofilm formation using PFGE molecular typing, colony morphology, and crystal violet tests. Kpn7 and Kpn16 had stronger biofilm formation abilities compared with Kpn5 and Kpn11. The ability of above four ESBL‐producing K. pneumoniae isolates to agglutinate in a mannose‐resistant manner or in a mannose‐sensitive manner, as well as RNA sequencing‐based transcriptome results, showed that type 3 fimbriae play a significant role in biofilm formation. In contrast, type 1 fimbriae were downregulated during biofilm formation. Further research is needed to fully understand the regulatory mechanisms which underlie these processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cardiac contractility modulation (CCM) is a novel device‐based therapy used to treat patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). In both randomized clinical trials and real‐life studies, CCM has been shown to improve exercise tolerance and quality of life, reverse left ventricular remodeling, and reduce hospitalization in patients with HFrEF. In this case report, we describe for the first time the use of CCM combined with left bundle branch pacing (LBBP) cardiac resynchronization therapy pacemaker (CRT‐P) implantation therapy in a female with a 22‐year history of non‐ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy. With the optimal medical therapy and cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) strategies, the patient's quality of life initially recovered to some extent, but began to deteriorate in the past year. Additionally, heart transplantation was not considered due to economic reasons and late stage systolic heart failure. This is the first case of CCM implantation in Fujian Province and the first report of a combined CCM and left bundle branch pacing CRT‐P implantation strategy in a patient with non‐ischemic etiology dilated cardiomyopathy in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The incorporation of a naphthyl curing agent (NCA) can enhance the thermal stability of pressure-sensitive adhesives (PSAs). In this study, a PSA matrix was synthesized using a solution polymerization process and consisted of butyl acrylate, acrylic acid, and an ethyl acrylate within an acrylic copolymer. Benzoyl peroxide was used as an initiator during the synthesis. To facilitate the UV curing of the solvent-borne PSAs, glycidyl methacrylate was added to introduce unsaturated carbon double bonds. The resulting UV-curable acrylic PSA tapes exhibited longer holding times at high temperatures (150 °C) compared to uncross-linked PSA tapes, without leaving any residues on the substrate surface. The thermal stability of the PSA was further enhanced by adding more NCA and increasing the UV dosage. This may be attributed to the formation of cross-linking networks within the polymer matrix at higher doses. The researchers successfully balanced the adhesion performance and thermal stability by modifying the amount of NCA and UV radiation, despite the peel strength declining and the holding duration shortening. This research also investigated the effects of cross-linking density on gel content, molecular weight, glass transition temperature, and other properties of the PSAs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A palladium catalytic method has been developed for the coupling of amides and cyclopropanols to γ-diketones, through simultaneous C–N and C–C activation. Heteroatom ligand exchange and heteroatom-to-carbon ligation mode switching enable the achievement of molecular cross-coupling in an amide N-atom structural context-dependent manner, avoiding any stoichiometric organometallic reagent or base. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Uniformly distributed In2O3 nanoparticle modified reduced graphene oxide sheets (In2O3/rGO) were synthesized via a normal-pressure microwave-assisted method with an in situ growth process. In the In2O3/rGO composites, In2O3 nanoparticles with sizes ranging from 3 to 26 nm are evenly fixed on rGO surfaces. In2O3/rGO sensors exhibit high sensitivity, rapid response and recovery, and high selectivity toward 1–50 ppm NO gas at 150 °C. The mass ratio of indium nitrate to GO during synthesis (16–24) dramatically influences the NO-sensing properties of In2O3/rGO composites, and the 20-In2O3/rGO sensor shows the highest response at the optimal operating temperature of 150 °C. Compared with the In2O3 sensor, the 20-In2O3/rGO sensor presents greatly improved gas-sensing properties, including higher response, lower optimal operating temperature, and better selectivity toward NO gas. The response of the 20-In2O3/rGO sensor toward 50 ppm NO at 150 °C is 30.6, 6 times higher than that (5.2) of the In2O3 sensor. The enhanced NO-sensing properties of the In2O3/rGO nanocomposite could be attributed to the synergistic effect of In2O3 particles and rGO sheets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Talaromyces marneffei is a life-threatening pathogen that causes systemic talaromycosis in immunocompromised and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) as a tool to cluster T. marneffei isolates is rarely reported and the data on antifungal susceptibility of T. marneffei isolated in the southern region of China, especially in Fujian, is hardly found. Methods: MALDI-TOF MS was used to cluster 135 T. marneffei isolates, and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of amphotericin B, itraconazole, posaconazole, voriconazole, fluconazole, anidulafungin, micafungin, caspofungin and 5-fluorocytosine with Sensititre YeastOne™ YO10 assay were measured during January 2017 to October 2020 in Fujian and Guangxi. Results: MALDI-TOF MS correctly identified 100% of the T. marneffei isolates. Hierarchical clustering of MALDI-TOF peak profiles identified four different clusters. MICs for itraconazole, posaconazole, voriconazole and amphotericin B were as follows: ≤ 0.015– 0.03 μg/mL, ≤ 0.008– 0.03 μg/mL, ≤ 0.008– 0.06 μg/mL, ≤ 0.12– 1 μg/mL, respectively. MICs for echinocandins and fluconazole were comparatively high. Conclusion: Since only simple sample preparation is required and since results are available in a short period of time, MALDI-TOF MS can be considered as a method for identification and clustering of T. marneffei. Itraconazole, posaconazole, voriconazole and amphotericin B can be used to treat T. marneffei infected patients due to the low MICs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Previous transition metal-catalyzed synthesis processes of δ-diketones are plagued by the high cost of the rhodium catalyst and harsh reaction conditions. Herein a low-cost, room temperature ruthenium catalytic method is developed based on the coupling of α-keto sulfoxonium ylides with cyclopropanols. The mild protocol features a broad substrate scope (47 examples) and a high product yield (up to 99%). Mechanistic studies argue against a radical pathway and support a cyclopropanol ring opening, sulfoxonium ylide-derived carbenoid formation, migratory insertion C–C bond formation pathway. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We performed this meta-analysis to compare the efficacy and safety of reduced-dose non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs) versus warfarin in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). The PubMed and Embase databases were systematically searched until July 2019 for eligible studies that comparing the effect between any reduced-dose NOAC and warfarin in patients with AF. Risk ratios (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were pooled by using a random-effects model. A total of 14 observational cohorts were included. Compared with warfarin use, the use of reduced-dose NOACs was associated with decreased risks of stroke or systemic embolism (RR, 0.83; 95% CI 0.74-0.93), ischemic stroke (RR, 0.87; 95% CI 0.77-0.98), major bleeding (RR, 0.71; 95% CI 0.60-0.84), intracranial hemorrhage (RR, 0.51; 95% CI 0.44-0.60), and gastrointestinal bleeding (RR, 0.72; 95% CI 0.54-0.94), but not all cause death (RR, 0.84; 95% CI 0.67-1.06). In the subgroup analyses, all NOAC users had lower or similar rates of thromboembolic and bleeding events; and the reductions in stroke or systemic embolism, all-cause death, major bleeding, and gastrointestinal bleeding were more prominent in Asians than non-Asians. In conclusion, current published data suggest that the use of reduced-dose NOACs is non-inferior to warfarin in patients with AF (in particular Asians). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) appeared recently and now presents a particularly critical problem to hospitalized patients worldwide. We aim to investigate the epidemiology and the risk factors for CRKP colonization and infections, and to evaluate the application performance of MALDI-TOF MS in clustering CRKP. Results: CRKP colonization and infections incidence was 2.7 (35/1,319,427) per 100,000 patient-days. Inpatients in CRKP group had higher medical expense than CSKP group. Inpatients with underlying conditions, particularly with pulmonary diseases, and with antimicrobial use prior to culture within 30 days, especially with carbapenem use, were risk factors for CRKP acquisition. All CRKP isolates were detected producing KPC-2. The MALDI-TOF MS system and PFGE system provided similar results, with a good concordance between the two methods (adjusted Rand's coefficient, 0.846) and a high probability of MALDI-TOF MS to predict PFGE results (Wallace coefficient, 0.908). Conclusions: Underlying conditions, particularly pulmonary diseases, and antimicrobial use prior to culture within 30 days, especially carbapenem use, are risk factors for CRKP acquisition. Bla KPC −2 is the mainstream gene of CRKP in our geographic area of analysis. As only simple sample preparation is needed and the results can be obtained in a short time, MALDI-TOF MS may be considered a probable alternative to PFGE in clustering KPC-2-producing CRKP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To explore whether serum pro‐gastric releasing peptide (proGRP) is elevated in nephropathy patients and evaluate the diagnostic value of proGRP in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. Methods: A total of 498 nephropathy patients and 170 healthy were selected in Zhongshan Hospital, Medical College of Xiamen University, from February 2016 to September 2017. The clinical data of the different groups including serum proGRP, CKD grading, and other serum and urine renal function biomarkers were analyzed by group comparison, correlation analysis and receiver operating characteristic curve. Results: Serum proGRP levels were significantly higher in the acute kidney injury and CKD groups compared with the other groups of kidney disease patients (P < 0.01), and increased with CKD grading (P < 0.01). Serum proGRP was substantially correlated with serum creatinine (r = 0.637, P < 0.01) and cystain C (0.837, P < 0.01). Serum proGRP had moderate correlations with urine β2‐macroglobulin (β2‐m; r = 0.587, P < 0.01) and α1‐macroglobulin (α1‐m; r = 0.557, P < 0.01). There were fair associations of serum proGRP with albumin (r = 0.10, P = 0.067), 24 h proteinuria (24 h‐TPU; r = 0.092, P = 0.099), urinary albumin/urocreatinine (uAlb/Cr; r = 0.29, P < 0.01) and urinary N‐acetyl‐β‐D‐glucosidase (r = −0.142, P < 0.01). The sensitivity of proGRP was superior to that of simplified modification of diet in renal disease (MDRD) formula in diagnosing CKD I + II (81.25% vs 66.67%), CKD III (86.42% vs 74.36%) and CKD IV (71.19% vs 69.64%), while its specificity was inferior to that of simplified MDRD formula in diagnosing CKD I + II (37.65% vs 66.97%), CKD III (56.25% vs 86.67%) and CKD IV (75.31% vs 88.46%). Conclusion: Serum proGRP is elevated in acute renal injury and CKD patients and increases with CKD grading. Serum proGRP is mainly affected by glomerular filtration rate and could be used for CKD staging, although the overall diagnostic sufficiency is inferior to simplified MDRD formula. SUMMARY AT A GLANCE: Serum pro‐gastric releasing peptide increases with declining glomerular filtration rate both in acute and chronic kidney disease in a Chinese population. However, it is not superior to the creatinine‐based modification of diet in renal disease formula for predicting renal function. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A novel passive wireless integrated SAW-based antenna sensor for strain sensing is presented in this paper. A SAW delay line scheme is proposed for signal modulation, which could distinguish the backscattered data from environmental clutter in time domain. The theoretical relationship between the antenna resonance frequency shifts, the temperature, and the applied strain was established. A multiphysical coupled simulation process is proposed to improve the simulation accuracy. By comparing the phase shift of adjacent echoed data which is generated by SAW reflective grating, the temperature information could be extracted exactly and the effect of temperature fluctuation on the resonance frequency could be compensated. A more accurate passive (battery-free) wireless strain sensing could be provided by this proposed integrated antenna sensor than the previous proposed methods. Simulation and experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the sensor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

OBJECTIVE: While the emergence and spread of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) and related infections pose serious threats to global public health, the epidemiology and associated risk factors remain poorly understood and vary by geography. METHODS: In a case-controlled retrospective study, we examined the prevalence, patient background and risk factors for CRE colonisation and infections, and all patient-derived CRE from January 2015 to January 2017. Isolated carbapenem-susceptible Enterobacteriaceae (CSE) from 2875 enrolled patients were randomly selected during the study. RESULTS: CRE colonisation and infections detection rates were 47/2875 (1.6%). Respiratory tract specimens were most frequently seen in 20/47 (42.6%) cases. Klebsiella pneumoniae was the main isolate in 35/47 (74.5%) CRE. As for carbapenemase, KPC-2-producing bacteria was most frequently detected in 38/47 (80.9%) Enterobacteriaceae. No underlying conditions (P = 0.004), pulmonary diseases (P = 0.018) and no antibiotics used prior to culture within 30 days (P < 0.001) were statistically significant between the CRE and CSE groups. CONCLUSION: Klebsiellapneumoniae was the main isolate of CRE. The blaKPC-2 was the predominant CRE gene. Underlying conditions especially pulmonary diseases and antibiotics used prior to culture within 30 days represented key risk factors for acquisition of CRE. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A novel cyclic functional monomer (CFM) was used to develop an As(III)-ion imprinted polymer (As-IIP). CFM possesses a positively charged imidazolium moiety and its specific cyclic size matches that of As(III). Batch adsorption experiments showed that the As-IIP has a maximum As(III) adsorption capacity of 55 mg/g, while that of the control polymer (CP) is only 25 mg As(III)/g. Adsorption isotherms for As(III) agree with the Langmuir model, suggesting monolayer adsorption. Kinetic studies showed that the adsorption process followed pseudo-second-order kinetics. The relative selectivity coefficients of As-IIP compared to CP for Cl − /H 2 AsO 3 − , SO 4 2− /H 2 AsO 3 − , HPO 4 2− /H 2 AsO 3 − , NO 3 − /H 2 AsO 3 − , and Mo 7 O 24 6− /H 2 AsO 3 − are 1.03, 1.95, 2.55, 1.52 and 2.51, respectively. The removal efficiency of As-IIP for As(III) in actual industrial wastewater was nearly 100%, which confirms that As-IIP has a high adsorption capacity as well as selectivity for the removal of As(III) from wastewater. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although all-inorganic perovskite CsPbBr 3 perovskites quantum dots (QDs) have garnered enormous interest in light emitting diodes, nonetheless limited attention has been paid to the perovskite-related CsPb 2 Br 5 nanoplatelets . Herein, we prepared perovskite-related CsPb 2 Br 5 nanoplatelets (NPLs) by a facile injection method. The synthesised CsPb 2 Br 5 NPLs showed single tetragonal crystalline phase with a uniform square shape and a high photoluminescence (PL) emission around 520 nm (PL quantum yield (QY) > 85%). In addition, we have demonstrated the fabrication of highly efficient CsPb 2 Br 5 NPLs-based green light emitting diodes with the highest luminance of 800 cd/m 2 and a relative low turn-on voltage of 3.0 V. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Stroke causes brain injury with neuroinflammation which exacerbates the neuronal damage. Recent studies show that anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-19 (IL-19) plays a critical part in the inflammatory and ischemic vascular diseases, yet its potential role in ischemic stroke is unknown. Here, we tested the hypothesis that IL-19 exerts protective effects against brain ischemia by modulating inflammation after stroke. Mice were injected intraperitoneally with 10 ng/g per day recombinant mouse IL-19 starting pre-stroke, and were subjected to transient middle cerebral artery occlusion. Infarct volume was assessed by triphenyltetrazolium chloride and neurobehavioral outcome by neurological scores. Inflammation was measured using real-time quantitative PCR, immunochemistry, and fluorescence-activated cell sorting. Infarct volume at 72 h after stroke was significantly smaller in IL-19 treated group and focal neurological score was significantly better. IL-19 treatment markedly attenuated elevation of the expression of TNF-α and IL-6 mRNA, suppressed increases in the number of microglia, macrophages, CD4 + T cells, CD8 + T cells as well as B cells, and blocked activation of macrophages and neutrophils in the ischemic brain. In peripheral blood, IL-19 injection helped to robustly preserve the reduced immune cells, including macrophages, CD4 + T cells, CD8 + T cells and B cells, compared to control group. IL-19 reduced brain infarction and attenuated neurological deficits following stroke in mice, probably by inhibiting infiltration and activation of immune cells, and by suppressing increases in gene expression of proinflammatory cytokines. This may identify IL-19 as a new therapeutic to limit neuroinflammation after stroke. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we studied the geography and electronic structure of CoSi2 and the stability of CoSi2 (110) films with thickness from 1 to 25 monolayers by first- principles calculation under the frame of the density functional theory (DFT). The results represent that the stability of the films oscillate with the thickness with a period of 4 monolayers (MLs), and the amplify decay with the thickness, which present the modulation of quantum size effects (QSEs) on the growth of transition metal silicides (TMSs) films and can be explained well by the consequent electronic structure. This work represents the thickness dependence for the early stage growth of TMSs films; uncover the underlying mechanism of the QSEs, which is meaningful for the growth of stable and union TMSs films to increase the properties of electronic devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nanocrystalline graphitic films were synthesized directly on stainless-steel plates by microwave-plasma chemical-vapor deposition. Surface treatment of the samples, coated with a thin layer of titanium, was performed by pulsed-laser-deposition technique. Field-emission measurements were carried out using a diode structure. The experimental results indicate that the field-emission properties of the films coated with titanium metal were improved in comparison with those of untreated film. The possible reasons for the improvement of field-emission properties for the sample are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• First time use of N -Cl bond as an internal oxidant for isoquinoline. • Atom- and step-economic synthesis in a green solvent. • Under a mild condition with a broad substrate scope. • High coordinating and oxidizing reactivity. The Rh(III)-catalyzed coupling of N -chloroimines with alkynes for the efficient synthesis of isoquinolines is reported. This represents the first use of the N -Cl bond of N -chloroimines as an internal oxidant for construction of the isoquinoline skeleton. The synthesis features atom and step economy, a green solvent (EtOH), mild reaction conditions, and a broad substrate scope. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A passive wireless impedance-loaded orthogonal frequency-coded (OFC) surface acoustic wave (SAW) sensor for wireless sensor networks was proposed in this paper. One of the chips on OFC SAW tag is connected to an external sensor, which could cause a phase shift in the time response of the corresponding part on the SAW device. The phase shift corresponds to the sensed quantity, which could be temperature, strain, vibration, pressure, etc. The OFC SAW tag is isolated by a proper package from the direct effect of the measurand on the device's response which could avoid the multiple measurands coupling. The simultaneous work of multiple sensors is guaranteed by orthogonal frequency coding. By processing the response based on an extended matched filter algorithm, sensing information of the specific coded OFC device can be extracted from the superimposed response of multiple independent encoded sensors. Compared to previous methods, the proposed method can produce a more flexible passive (battery-free) wireless sensor suitable for large-scale wireless sensor networks. Simulation and experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the sensor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The interfacial friction performances of graphene covered and hydrogen-terminated diamond surfaces were investigated comparatively by first-principles calculations within density functional theory (DFT). Both systems exhibit similar excellent lubricating effects under small load, but the graphene covered interface presents small friction than that of hydrogenated system for the larger load. The calculated interfacial friction between two sheets of graphene covered diamond surface increases slowly than that of hydrogenated system in a wide range of pressure scale, and the friction difference between the two systems increases with increasing external pressure, indicating that graphene has flexible lubricating properties with high load-carrying capacity. This behavior can be attributed to the large interlayer space and a more uniform interlayer charge distribution of graphene covered diamond interface. Our investigations suggest that graphene is a promising candidate as solid lubricate used in diamond film, and are helpful for the understanding of interfacial friction properties of diamond film. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]