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ObjectiveTo provide scientific support for the compilation of high-quality anti-nuclear, biological, and chemical (NBC) medical textbooks in China by retrieving books in the field of biological weapons defense in China, summarizing the publication time and distribution of publishing institutions, and categorizing content and key points of related books.MethodsRelevant subject terms in the field of biological weapons defense were searched through the official website of China National Digital Library and other websites, up until December 31, 2023, and were limited to books. Topic analysis was conducted on the introductions and contents of the books using the latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA) model. The number of topics was determined based on perplexity, and topics were identified according to the intertopic distance map, followed by a qualitative description of the core content of each topic.ResultsA total of 104 books were included in this study, among which four were identified as higher educational textbooks. The volume of publications increased during the periods 2002‒2004 and 2020‒2023. Research institutions accounted for the highest percentage of publishers (37.78%), and 56.67% of the publishers were military institutions. The study identified six topics: "distribution, defense, and response to biological weapons", "category, diagnosis, and treatment of biological warfare agents", "response to biological public health emergencies", "status of nuclear, biological, and chemical weapons internationally", "biosafety risk management and prevention and control", and "technologies and equipment related to biological hazard identification".ConclusionThere are few books in the field of biological weapons defense in China and the content is relatively outdated. In the future, the preparation of teaching materials should be aimed at practical emergency handling techniques for biological weapons, enhance the emphasis on biological weapons detection and biological warfare early warning, improve the fundamental theories at different training levels, and timely update the current research status in the field.

At present, even if the education on hard-working spirit has been emphasized increasingly as an important part of practical education in China's education policy, the reality is still far from satisfactory, because many parents do not provide their children with sufficient opportunities to do housework. Previous studies have indicated that the empirical analysis remains to be improved in terms of the relationship between housework and the development of primary and junior high school students. Based on data from the 2020 Monitoring of Students' Academic Quality in Basic Education in Jiangsu Province Study, this study investigates the influence of primary and secondary school students' participation in housework on academic performance by using OLS regression and Coarsened Exact Matching (CEM). The results show that the current proportion of primary and junior high school students involved in housework is not high; however, participating in housework frequently will positively affect the academic performance of primary and junior high school students. Participation in housework in primary school has a greater positive impact on academic performance than that in junior high school. In addition, since excessive academic burden is the main factor hindering primary and junior high school students from being involved in housework, it is necessary to strengthen the publicity of education on hard-working spirit to help people know its importance. Also, we suggest the burden on schoolwork should be reduced to in order to promote more diversified housework related educational opportunities for students.

The Three Gorges is an important natural geographical landmark and one of the regions with the most abundant cultural heritage preservation in the Yangtze River Basin. Therefore, establishing a demonstration area for the Yangtze River National Cultural Park has become an important site selection objective. Research on the cultural landscape characteristics of the Three Gorges highlights its characteristics as a representative symbol of China and promotes the identification, protection, and valuation of its iconic cultural resources. Despite the current situation, where only a few tangible remnants of the Three Gorges heritage exist, the cultural context remains largely intact. Ancient poetry, with its classical Chinese cultural characteristics and unique geographical expression methods, enriches the natural scenery and humanistic imagery of the Three Gorges. This provides a valuable tool for interpreting and understanding the cultural resources of the Three Gorges and enhancing its value interpretation system. The Tang and Song dynasties saw a surge in the number, representativeness, and influence of poetry related to the Three Gorges. This article analyzes 440 Tang and Song poems about the Three Gorges, focusing on its geographic information and cultural landscapes. Using text mining technology, we extracted the most representative cultural landscapes in the area and visualized the types and distribution these cultural landscapes ArcGIS spatial analysis. Additionally, cluster analysis and spatial semantic analysis were conducted on poetry texts using ROST-CM6 to categorize different landscape themes. The cultural connotations and aesthetic characteristics of each theme were then analyzed by combining semantic networks with high-frequency words and characters. Our findings indicate that the Three Gorges cultural landscape during the Tang and Song dynasties was mainly composed of historical sites, temples, ancestral halls, and former residences of renowned figures. The landscape formed a string of beads along the river and primarily centered on Fengjie and Wushan. We identified six landscape themes on the semantic network, including the Xiajiang Grand View, the ancient capital of the White Emperor, the scenic spots of Xiling, and the clouds and rain of Wushan. The Three Gorges segment of the Yangtze River National Cultural Park followed the "One Belt, One Zone, Two Cores" spatial layout concept, with poetry culture as the soul, the poet's location as the pulse, and renowned mountains and scenic spots as the body. Historical scenes were reconstructed through logical and emotional methods, injecting the aesthetics, culture, and emotion of poetry and its historical background into the basic landscape.

The network embedding method can map the network nodes to a low-dimensional vector space and ext-ract the feature information of each node effectively. In the field of service recommendation, some studies show that the introduction of network embedding method can effectively alleviate the problem of data sparsity in the recom-mendation process. However, the existing network embedding methods are mostly aimed at a specific structure of the network, and do not cooperate with a variety of relationship networks from the source. Therefore, this paper proposes a service recommendation method based on multi-network hybrid embedding (MNHER), which maps mul-tiple relational networks to the same vector space from vertical and parallel perspectives. Firstly, the social network of users, the shared network of service tags and the user-service heterogeneous information network are constructed. Then, the hybrid embedding method proposed in this paper is used to obtain the embedding vector of users and services in the same vector space. Finally, the service recommendation is made to target users based on the embed-ding vector of users and services. In this paper, the random walk method is further optimized to extract and retain the characteristic information of the original network more effectively. In order to verify the effectiveness of the method proposed in this paper, it is compared with a variety of representative service recommendation methods on three public datasets, and the F-measure values of the service recommendation methods based on single relational network and simply fused multi-relational network are improved by 21% and 15%, respectively. It is proven that the method of multi-network hybrid embedding can effectively coordinate multi-relationship network and improve the quality of service recommendation.

Severe burns are one of the most devastating injuries, in which sustained inflammation and ischemia often delay the healing process. Pro-angiogenic growth factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) have been widely studied for promoting wound healing. However, the short half-life and instability of VEGF limit its clinical applications. In this study, we develop a photo-crosslinked hydrogel wound dressing from methacrylate hyaluronic acid (MeHA) bonded with a pro-angiogenic prominin-1-binding peptide (PR1P). The materials were extruded in wound bed and in situ formed a wound dressing via exposure to short-time ultraviolet radiation. The study shows that the PR1P-bonded hydrogel significantly improves VEGF recruitment, tubular formation, and cell migration in vitro. Swelling, Scanning Electron Microscope, and mechanical tests indicate the peptide does not affect the overall mechanical and physical properties of the hydrogels. For in vivo studies, the PR1P-bonded hydrogel dressing enhances neovascularization and accelerates wound closure in both deep second-degree burn and full-thickness excisional wound models. The Western blot assay shows such benefits can be related to the activation of the VEGF–Akt signaling pathway. These results suggest this photo-crosslinked hydrogel dressing efficiently promotes VEGF recruitment and angiogenesis in skin regeneration, indicating its potential for clinical applications in wound healing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: This study aims to utilize the deep learning method of VB-Net to locate and segment the trigeminal nerve, and employ radiomics methods to distinguish between CTN patients and healthy individuals. Methods: A total of 165 CTN patients and 175 healthy controls, matched for gender and age, were recruited. All subjects underwent magnetic resonance scans. VB-Net was used to locate and segment the bilateral trigeminal nerve of all subjects, followed by the application of radiomics methods for feature extraction, dimensionality reduction, feature selection, model construction, and model evaluation. Results: On the test set for trigeminal nerve segmentation, our segmentation parameters are as follows: the mean Dice Similarity Coefficient (mDCS) is 0.74, the Average Symmetric Surface Distance (ASSD) is 0.64 mm, and the Hausdorff Distance (HD) is 3.34 mm, which are within the acceptable range. Analysis of CTN patients and healthy controls identified 12 features with larger weights, and there was a statistically significant difference in Rad_score between the two groups (p < 0.05). The Area Under the Curve (AUC) values for the three models (Gradient Boosting Decision Tree, Gaussian Process, and Random Forest) are 0.90, 0.87, and 0.86, respectively. After testing with DeLong and McNemar methods, these three models all exhibit good performance in distinguishing CTN from normal individuals. Conclusions: Radiomics can aid in the clinical diagnosis of CTN, and it is a more objective approach. It serves as a reliable neurobiological indicator for the clinical diagnosis of CTN and the assessment of changes in the trigeminal nerve in patients with CTN. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the urban water supply system, a significant proportion of energy consumption is attributed to the water supply pumping station (WSPS). The conventional manual scheduling method employed by water supply enterprises imposes a considerable economic burden. In this paper, we intend to minimize the energy cost of WSPS by dynamically adjusting the combination of pumps and their operational states while considering the pressure difference of the main pipe and switching times of pump group. Achieving this goal is challenging due to the lack of accurate mechanistic models of pumps, uncertainty in environmental parameters, and temporal coupling constraints in the database. Consequently, a WSPS pump scheduling algorithm based on physics‐informed long short‐term memory (PI‐LSTM) surrogate model and multiagent deep deterministic policy gradient (MADDPG) is proposed. The proposed algorithm operates without prior knowledge of an accurate mechanistic model of the pump units. Combining data‐driven with the physical laws of fluid mechanics improves the prediction accuracy of the model compared to traditional data‐based deep learning models, especially when the amount of data is small. Simulation results based on real‐world trajectories show that the proposed algorithm can reduce energy consumption by 13.38% compared with the original scheduling scheme. This study highlights the potential of integrating physics‐informed deep learning and reinforcement learning to optimize energy consumption in urban water supply systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Panicle-type structure is an important factor affecting rice yield, and an excellent panicle type has become a key indicator in rice breeding. In this study, the indica rice variety R766, which has an open panicle type, was obtained through natural mutation and hybrid selection. Through analyzing differences in panicle structure, panicle yield, and chemical composition between open panicle rice R766 and conventional panicle rice R2928, we found that the angles of the middle and lower branches in R766 were 186.99% and 135.93% greater than those in R2928, respectively. By comparing the grain-filling characteristics of different panicle positions in the two rice varieties, we found that the grain filling at the middle and lower panicle positions of R2928 was significantly lower, accompanied by an increase in the percentage of empty spikelets. However, in R766, the grain-filling rates in the middle and lower panicle positions were consistent with those in the upper panicle position, with significantly higher rates of grain filling and grain plumpness in the middle and lower panicle positions than in R2928. The empty grain rate at the lower panicle position of R766 was 15.25% lower than that of R2928, and the grain filling was 24.75% higher than that of R2928. Additionally, the variation in the 1000-grain weight of grains at different panicle positions in R766 was relatively small, with decreases of 1.55% and 0.38% in the middle and lower panicle positions, respectively, compared with the upper position, whereas R2928 showed decreases of 5.99% and 7.12% in the 1000-grain weight of grains at the middle and lower panicle positions, respectively, compared with the upper position. The cellulose content in the stems of R766 was 7.51% higher than that of R2928, with no significant difference in the cellulose content in the panicle axis and primary branches compared to R2928. The lignin content of the panicle axis in R766 was 8.03% higher than that in R2928, whereas there was no significant difference between the lignin content of the stems and primary branches. This preliminary study revealed the open panicle characteristics of R766 and the reasons for its high basal grain setting rate. This study provides a reference for promoting this open panicle-type indica rice variety to improve yield and disease resistance in environments with high humidity and low sunlight levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

CO2 huff-n-puff is an important method for the development of shale oil reservoirs. In this study, HPMI and NMR technology was used to characterize the pore distribution of the cores. The CO2 huff-n-puff experiment experiments were conducted to study the effects of injection pressure, soaking time, and heterogeneity on the CO2 huff-n-puff. The results showed that the Jimsar core pores are predominantly nanopores. Mesopores with a pore radius between 2 nm and 50 nm accounted for more than 70%. CO2 huff-n-puff has been shown to effectively enhance shale oil recovery. When the injection pressure was greater than the miscible pressure, higher injection pressures were able to improve the recovery of macropores, particularly in cores with higher permeability. Appropriately extending the soaking time enhanced the diffusion of CO2 in the mesopores, and the recovery increased to above 10%. Determining the optimal soaking time is crucial to achieve maximum CO2 huff-n-puff recovery. Artificial fractures can enhance the recovery of mesopores around them, resulting in core recovery of up to 60%. However, artificial fractures exacerbate reservoir heterogeneity and reduce the CO2 huff-n-puff recovery of matrix. Increasing the cycles of CO2 huff-n-puff can effectively reduce the impact of heterogeneity on the recovery of matrix. In conclusion, expanding the area of the fracturing transformation zone and selecting the appropriate injection pressure and soaking time for the multiple cycles of CO2 huff-n-puff can effectively improve the recovery of shale oil reservoirs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sulfide is a toxic and hazardous substance in the agricultural environment, which can cause damage to humans and livestock when exposed to large amounts of air. In this study, we performed one-factor optimization of the culture conditions and culture fractions of the Cellulosimicrobium sp. strain L1 and combined it with a biological trickling filter cell for the degradation of hydrogen sulfide for 24 consecutive days. The degradation effect of strain L1 and the biological trickling filter (BTF) on hydrogen sulfide was investigated, and the changes in intermediate products in the degradation process were briefly analyzed. The results showed that strain L1 had the highest conversion efficiency when incubated with 3 g/L sucrose as the carbon source and 1 g/L NH4Cl as the nitrogen source at a temperature of 35 °C, an initial pH of 5, and a NaCl concentration of 1%. The concentration of thiosulfate increased and then decreased during the degradation process, and the concentration of sulfate increased continuously. When strain L1 was applied to the biological trickling filter, it could degrade 359.53 mg/m3 of H2S. This study provides a deeper understanding of sulfide degradation in biological trickling filters and helps promote the development of desulfurization technology and the treatment of malodorous gasses produced by the accumulation of large quantities of livestock manure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Somatic mutations related to clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP) are risk factors for stroke. The impact of DNMT3A, the most mutated gene in CHIP, on clinical functional outcomes of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) remains unclear. In a well‐characterized cohort of 8524 ischemic stroke patients, we demonstrated that DNMT3A‐driven CHIP was significantly associated with neurological disability in these patients. With a stroke mouse model of transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO), we demonstrated that DNMT3A protein levels in the brain penumbra increased. The DNMT3A inhibitor RG108 administration amplified neutrophil proliferation in the blood, promoted neutrophil infiltration into the brain penumbra, and exaggerated proinflammatory activation in tMCAO male mice. DNMT3A inhibition also significantly increased infarct volume and worsened neurobehavioral function in tMCAO male mice. In conclusion, DNMT3A somatic mutations are associated with worsened neurological disability in some patients with AIS, potentially through increased neutrophil proliferation and infiltration in the ischemic brain region. These findings suggest a possible mechanism for proinflammatory activation and tissue damage in the affected brain tissue, highlighting the need for further research in this area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Most older individuals prefer to age in place during their later years; however, achieving this aspiration presents significant challenges. Naturally Occurring Retirement Communities (NORCs) represent a potential option for promoting healthy aging, both from the perspective of meeting seniors' real needs and cost-effectiveness. This article aims to analyze the distribution of NORCs in Australia and compares census data from 2011 to 2021 to understand the overall distribution patterns and changes across the nation, by providing a localized analysis of the hotspot distribution of NORCs in eight Greater Capital Cities. The study employs methods of geovisualization, Global Moran's I, and Getis-Ord Gi* analysis to examine the spatial correlations and clustering effects of NORCs. The results indicate that NORCs are rapidly growing in Australia, with their distribution primarily influenced by sea change and urbanization. Understanding the trends in NORC distribution can assist the government in developing effective and localized policies and interventions to help older Australians to better age in place. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]