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Background: Cost-effectiveness analysis (CEA) has become a crucial technique in appraising the efficiency of healthcare interventions and resource allocation decisions. Cost-effectiveness analysis is now widely used to evaluate whether the effect of a healthcare intervention justifies additional expenditure. Method: We used PubMed database with search descriptors: "Cost effectiveness" [Title / Abstract] OR "Cost effectiveness analysis" [Title / Abstract] AND "Healthcare" [Title / Abstract]. The common bibliometric indicators were applied. Results: We retrieved a total of 7,561 articles within 2013 and 2023. The growth pattern showed a progressive pattern. Articles with 5 authors signature had the highest number in publication. The most productive authors in cost effectiveness research in healthcare were Liew Danny and Ademi Zanfina. The most utilized journals for the publications were BMJ Open, PLoS One and Journal of Medical Economics. The most productive institutions were resident in United Kingdom with the University of York and University of Oxford at the helm. Conclusion: Scientific production in Cost effectiveness in healthcare research was found to be progressive. This study provides a reference for health policy makers, funders, policy decision makers, academics, and hospital economics researchers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The most impactful research on pediatric type 1 diabetes (T1D) remains unknown. Objective: We aimed to evaluate the characteristics and impact of the 100 most-cited articles on pediatric T1D. Materials and Methods: Using a predefined bibliometric strategy, the Scopus database was searched for high-cited papers (HCPs) published from 2001 to 2020. Articles were evaluated for data on the publication year, countries, authors, journals, topics, and types. Social network analysis was performed to visualize the interaction among countries, organizations, and authors using VOSviewer software. Results: The top 100 HCPs received 390 to 4634 citations, averaging 773.5 citations per paper (CPP). The funded HCPs (n = 50) had a higher impact (CPP 791.5). The majority of HCPs (n = 83) were collaborative. Classifying by research type, 65 studies were clinical (n = 65), risk factors (n = 27), epidemiology (n = 26), pathophysiology (n = 16), treatment outcome (n = 13), genetics (n = 12), complications (n = 3), quality of life (n = 2), and prognosis (n = 1). The number of authors involved was 1,101, affiliated with 545 organizations in 27 countries; the USA (n = 64) and the UK (n = 24) were the most productive countries, whereas Australia and the UK were the most impactful. D.M. Nathan and J.M. Lawrence were the most prolific authors, while P. Raskin and J.M. Lachin were the most impactful. Conclusions: High-income countries such as the USA, UK, and Australia contribute significantly to high-impact pediatric T1D research. Funding and collaboration improve the impact of citations in publications. Less researched areas such as treatment outcomes, genetics, complications, quality of life, and prognosis should be the focus of future research on pediatric T1D. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To explore and summarise published literature with regards to secondments to clinical research and to identify the gaps in research to inform further work. Design: Systematic scoping review. Method: A scoping review was undertaken in accordance with the Patterns, Advances, Gaps, Evidence and Research framework. Databases searched included CINAHL, PubMed, Medline and Embase. Inclusion/exclusion criteria were applied by two independent reviewers. Two reviewers independently retrieved full‐text studies for inclusion and applied the framework as a tool for synthesising Patterns, Advances, Gaps, Evidence and Research recommendations. Results: Six papers and one abstract published between 2003 and 2018 were included. All secondees (n = 34) were released from NHS posts, with secondments (where specified) ranging in duration from 0.25 to 2 years and for 40%–100% of their working hours. All seven papers reported benefits for personal and professional development, predominantly in the form of personal reflections. Few described involvement with research delivery teams. Conclusion: Published initiatives vary in nature and lack standardised reporting and measurement of impact. Further research is required to identify benefits at a departmental or organisational level, the facilitators for setting up secondments and the application of knowledge gained from secondment opportunities. Implications for the Profession: Undertaking a research secondment is reported to offer professional and personal benefit for clinical staff. Research secondments are one way in which a research culture can practically be embedded within clinical settings. Impact: This scoping review identified a lack of published empirical research seeking to understand research secondments as a tool to enhance research and evidence engagement. Although there is a suggestion that secondments could positively impact staff retention, there is limited evidence about the benefit for the organisation or for patient care. These findings have implications for staff, managers and their organisations. Reporting Method: The PRISMA‐ScR guidelines were used to guide reporting. No Patient or Public Contribution: This was not relevant to the research design. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hearing conditions such as hearing loss, tinnitus and hyperacusis are highly prevalent in the population and can severely impact communication and quality of life. Hearing is affected by multiple factors, including heredity, noise exposure, age, sex, ear disorders and lifestyle factors. Globally, hearing loss affects over 80% of adults aged 80 years and older, is often experienced in combination with other long-term health conditions and is a mid-life risk factor for dementia. To form a themed collection , we searched Age and Ageing for articles on hearing conditions published from 2000 onwards. This resulted in 22 articles included within the collection. They examined a range of important topics related to hearing healthcare and research, including noise-induced hearing loss, health service quality and safety, psychological and psychosocial consequences of hearing loss and co-morbidities of hearing loss. All articles reported on hearing loss; there were no published articles with a primary focus on other hearing conditions such as tinnitus or hyperacusis, on the health of older people from the Deaf community or on users of Cochlear implants, suggesting key gaps in knowledge and targets for future research. This New Horizons article highlights novel directions in research and practice and takes a forward look at how research into hearing conditions may develop in years to come. It highlights opportunities for the growth of patient-centred research and hearing healthcare supported by the better integration of health and care services as well as cross-speciality working to include common co-morbid health conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite many initiatives taken by funding bodies and health care organisations, the 10/90 gap in health care and health system research between low and middle-income countries (LIMC) and high income countries is still widely recognised. We aimed to quantify the contribution of LMIC in high impact medical journals and compare the results with the previous survey conducted in 2000. Research articles were anaylsed to determine the origin of data and authorship affiliated countries in a calendar year (2017) for five journals: British Medical Journal, The Lancet, New England Journal of Medicine (NEJM), Annals of Internal Medicine and the Journal of the American Medical Association. Contributing countries were categorised into four regions; USA, UK, Other Euro-American countries (OEAC) and rest of the world (RoW). A total of 6491 articles were categorised where USA, UK and OEAC contributed 39.7%, 28.5% and 19.9% respectively. RoW countries contributed 11.9% of articles surveyed. The Lancet and NJEM had the highest numbers from RoW with 22.1% and 17.3% respectively. After 17 years, the trend remained comparable with the original survey carried out in 2000. RoW contributions increased from 6.5% to only 11.9% of the published articles from countries accounting for 88.3% of the world's population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background/Objective: Despite the increase in global research on open fractures, which continue to be a significant cause of morbidity and mortality, seriously affecting the health and quality of life of patients, there has not been any bibliometric research on this subject. The aim of this study was to make a holistic analysis of scientific articles published on the subject of open fractures using bibliometric methods. Methods: Articles published on the subject of open fractures between 1980 and 2021 were downloaded from the Web of Science (WoS) database, and were analysed using various statistical methods. Network visualisation maps were used to determine international collaborations and trend topics, and citation analyses to determine the most effective studies. Spearman's correlation coefficient was used to determine correlations, and exponential smoothing predictors to estimate the number of articles to be published in the next 5 years. Results: A total of 1742 articles were analysed. The 3 countries making the greatest contribution to literature were the USA (591, 33.9%), UK (219, 12.5%) and Germany (132, 7.5%). The most active author was Bhandari M. (n = 22). The 3 most productive institutions were determined to be the University of California System (n = 57), University of Washington (31), and Harborview Medical Center (29). The most active journal was Injury (n = 143). Conclusion: According to the analysis applied to identify trend topics, the topics most studied in recent years were determined to be surgical site infection, orthoplastics, intramedullary nail, Masquelet technique, BOAST, bone healing, closed reduction, classification, outcomes, and lower limb. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article highlights the challenges faced by medical regulators dealing with controversial and politically charged issues. Topics include the conflict between physician freedom of expression and public safety regarding COVID-19 denial, the potential for healthcare regulators to address climate change despite its political polarization, and the inconsistencies in complaint and disciplinary processes across Canadian health professional regulatory bodies.

The article reflects on the events of the past year, particularly focusing on significant European wound care conferences held in the UK. It also discusses the importance of workforce research in healthcare, highlighting the critical roles of recruitment, retention, and staff wellbeing in delivering safe and efficient patient care.

The article offers information of Anaesthesia for cleft lip and palate surgery.

In the article, the author reflects on a clinical article published in the November 2004 issue of the journal that tackled the aspects of malnutrition in inpatients and outpatients at the Southampton General Hospital in England.

Aim: The objective was to identify, analyze, and categorize the characteristics (the type of article, country of origin, institution, authorship, topic, and the number of citations) of the articles published in the Journal of Indian Association of Pediatric Surgeons (JIAPS) from 2008 to 2017, with particular focus on the top ten-cited articles. Materials and Methods: The above characteristics of the individual articles were tabulated in the Microsoft Excel® sheet. The number of citations of an article was obtained from three databases (CrosssRef, MEDLINE, and Google Scholar). A final tally was obtained after removing common entries in the databases. Results: The total number of articles published was 613. There were 255 case reports, 209 original articles and review articles, and 149 brief communications. The top five countries of origin of the articles were India, United Kingdom (UK), Turkey, Iran, and Saudi Arabia, with 526, 14, 9, 7, and 6 articles, respectively. The institution, authorship, and topics of the top ten-cited articles were noted. Conclusion: Case reports are the most common type of articles published in JIAPS. Most of the articles originated from India, followed by the UK and middle-east countries. This analysis may provide insights to the editorial board and the members of IAPS about the trend of research and publications among the pediatric surgeons of India. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents the discussion on health professionals applying the approach towards people's moral, cultural, and religious views on animal-derived wound care products. Topics include Hinduism, Islam and Sikhism opposing the use of porcine-derived products in healthcare treatment plans; and contributing compellingly to the case for consideration of the religious views in wound care plans.

In a previous review of wound care education, the author explored the challenges of providing multidisciplinary teaching and learning (Holloway, 2014). The author concluded that there needs to be recognition of the strengths different professional groups can offer and improved collaboration between clinicians, industry, wound care organisation and Higher Education Institutions to facilitate better multidisciplinary team working. The notion of reactive versus proactive education was also explored and the supposition was that both approaches are needed (Holloway, 2014). This follow-up article will present a re-appraisal of the evidence as well as a discussion of pan-European initiatives in relation to developing wound care curricula. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents highlights from this issue of the publisher. Topics include information on Systemic lupus erythematosus and its response to Rituximab, durable treatment for Antineutrophilic cytoplasmic antibody associated vasculitis, and earlier recognition of immune checkpoint inhibitors induced inflammatory arthritis.

The authors reflect on health issues in Great Britain, particularly on the effects of Brexit or the country's exit as member of the European Union (EU) to the public health system of Ireland. Also cited are the political and public health sector effects of the 1998 Good Friday Agreement (GFA), which ended the inter-communal violence in Northern Ireland and the effects of the GFA to future EU-United Kingdom (UK) collaboration.

The author discusses the set of activities for the International Stop the Pressure Day to be held on November 17, 2022 in Great Britain. Topics include several groups supporting and endorsing these activities such as the Society of Tissue Viability, Stop the Pressure Programme and the National Wound Care Strategy Programme (NWCSP), the importance of focusing the activities on risk assessment, and the presentation of short videos asking patients on how and why they developed a pressure ulcer.

Background: A bibliometric analysis was completed of the peer-reviewed literature from 1991 to 2015 written by British occupational therapy authors that was indexed in the Science Citation Index-Expanded (SCIExpanded) or Social Sciences Citation Index (SSCI) databases. Methods: "Occupational therapy" and "occupational therapist" were used as keywords to search journal articles' publication title, abstract, author details, keywords, and KeyWords Plus. One of the authors had to be identified as a qualified occupational therapist with a British affiliation. Results: From 1991 to 2015, 680 journal articles were published by British occupational therapy authors. The top three journals in which authors published were the British Journal of Occupational Therapy, Clinical Rehabilitation, and Disability and Rehabilitation. The five institutions that generated the largest number of occupational therapy articles were the University of Nottingham, Brunel University London, University of Southampton, Queen Margaret University, and the University of East Anglia. British authors often collaborated in the writing of manuscripts with other authors from Australia, the United States, Canada, and Sweden. Conclusion: The quantity of occupational therapy peer-reviewed literature written by British authors has increased over the last 2 decades. British authors have made and continue to make noteworthy contributions to the profession's body of refereed knowledge at the national and international levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article comments on various issues affecting the primary care settings in the United Kingdom. Topics mentioned include the main reasons for increase in the number of general practitioners (GP) who are planning to retire or to work part-time, the annual cost of missed face-to-face appointments of patients with GPs, the factors affecting the patient expectations of primary care, and the implications of health personnel's work practices and roles on medical ethics.

Background Whilst many countries have introduced legislation prohibiting tobacco advertising and sponsorship, references to tobacco continue to appear in the media. This study quantified and characterized tobacco smoking content in popular women's magazines. Methods The 10 top weekly and 5 monthly women's magazines most popular among 15-34 year olds in Britain published over a 3-month period were included. A content analysis was conducted for both written and visual content. Results In 146 magazines, there were 310 instances of tobacco content, the majority of which were positive towards smoking. Instances of celebrities smoking were most common (171, 55%), often in holiday or party settings that could be perceived to be luxurious, glamorous or fun. In all, 55 (18%) tobacco references related to fashion, which generally created an impression of smoking as a norm within the industry; and 34 (11%) text and image references to tobacco in TV and film. There were 50 (16%) reader-initiated mentions of smoking, typically in real-life stories or readers writing in to seek advice about smoking. Anti-smoking references including the hazards of smoking were infrequent (49; 16%). Conclusions Although tobacco advertising is prohibited in Britain, women's magazines still appear to be promoting positive messages about tobacco and smoking. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article announces the list of members of editorial board of the periodical.

The author discusses the article by I. Giles and A. Crossley on prescribing anti-rheumatic drugs in pregnancy and breastfeeding according to the British Society for Rheumatology guideline scope published in the 2021 issue of "Rheumatology." Topics include improvement in disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis pregnancies, how patients and clinicians balance between disease control or loss of control and the introduction of an increasing variety of disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs.

An editorial is presented on 75th Anniversary of the British Journal of Nutrition. Topics include addressing the question of quantifying ascorbic acid (vitamin C) in foods in the presence of ‘interfering substances;' outlining further developments in related areas of nutrition science; and illustrating the continuing developments of anthropometric approaches for estimating body composition.

The article discusses several studies on infection prevention, published in various medical journals as of July 2016 including the role of parents in the promotion of hand hygiene of children, environmental contamination after occupancy of a burns patient, and acquisition of Clostridium (C.) difficile on hands of healthcare personnel caring for patients with resolved C. difficile infection.

The authors discuss a study within the issue which reported findings from systematic review of residents and relatives' experiences of medical emergencies in care homes. Topics include importance of good relationships between residents, relatives and care home staff, confirmation on the importance of involving relatives in emergency decision-making, and role of meaningful conversations that explore what matters to each resident and their relatives in advance care planning and emergency care.

An editorial is presented on National Wound Care strategy update with improving data, digital and information. Topics include learning alongside the FImps and other organisations will provide an opportunity for collective learning; and improve understanding about how to deploy data, analytics, and information to drive change.

The article discusses a study focusing on teledermatology research publication between 1975 and 2017 and its bibliometric evaluation. Topics discussed include the use of data from Thomson Reuters Web of Science in this study; the use of teledermatology keyword in the research; and the publication of teledermatology research in the U.S. and Great Britain.

A review of the article "Emerging trends in clinical research with implications for population health and health policy," by B. Chin-Yee and colleagues, which appeared in the 2018 issue of the journal "The Milbank Quarterly" is presented.

The authors discuss the improvement in health literacy in relation to ethnic minority musculoskeletal health. Topics mentioned include differences between the immigrant and indigenous populations with regard to back pain, knee pain, and widespread pain, the influence of health beliefs on ethnic minority health, and a need for culturally-competent health-care provision by health-care professionals trained in cultural competence.

An introduction to the journal is presented that focuses on issues related to infectious disease beyond the COVID-19 pandemic, including a retrospective analysis of patients admitted to critical care during the height of the pandemic, the implementation and improvement of a COVID-19 vaccination protocol for inpatients in a British hospital, and updates on monkeypox, meningitis, sepsis-associated encephalopathy, and infections in people who inject drugs.

The article focuses on the aim of Foot in Diabetes UK (FDUK), is to support health professionals to deliver high-quality clinically-effective care in order to improve the lives of people living with diabetic foot problems. Topisc discussed include the Legs Matter Awareness Week first ran in 2019, aiming to signpost people living with chronic lower limb wounds; and these highlighted issues of poor public awareness about the seriousness of minor skin breaks.

A personal narrative is presented which explores the author's experience of being immensely saddened to hear of the death of Judy Waterlow, and she has been a constant part of my wound care journey.

An introduction is presented in which the editor discusses the various topics within the issue, including the effects of COVID-19 on care homes, hyponatraemia in older people, and a guideline on elder care.

The article discusses a study on the impact of theses produced as part of a doctorate in nursing. Topics discussed include an online survey conducted concerning doctoral graduates from nine universities in Australia and six in England to access qualitative and quantitative data, the thesis topic areas such as paediatrics, midwifery and nurse focus and findings of an increasing emphasis on patient and practice-focused research as nurses end the first decade of the 21st century.

The article offers information on the Third Gastroenterology and Nutrition Conference held in Worcester, Great Britain in September 12, 2014. Topics discussed include role of Immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies in the pathogenesis wheat allergy, non-coeliac gluten sensitivity and coeliac disease, epidemiology of coeliac disease, and use of gluten free diet (GFD) in Coeliac disease (CD).

Elemental diet (ED) has been used widely in the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders, especially with the management of Crohn's disease. This modality of diets provides all essential nutrients, and contains protein in the form of free amino acids that are theoretically easily absorbed . High output ileostomies are a rare but important complications of stoma formation following bowel surgery. Treatments could be challenging and include anti-diarrhoeals, octreotide and proton pump inhibitors. There is very little research regarding the use of elemental diets in the treatment of patients with post-operative high ileostomy outputs. Adequate management of high output ileostomies might prevent significant morbidity. In this case report, we describe a patient who underwent a subtotal colectomy for ulcerative colitis complicated by refractory high ileostomy output despite maximal standard medical therapy for years. The ileostomy output was dramatically reduced following the introduction of an elemental diet. This case suggests a possible role for the introduction of an elemental diet in the management of high output ileostomies. Besides presenting this case with high output ileostomy, we reviewed the role of ED in other gastrointestinal disorders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Postoperative pain management is of great importance in perioperative anesthetic care. Transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block has been described as an effective technique to reduce postoperative pain and morphine consumption after open lower abdominal operations. Meanwhile, local anesthetic infiltration (LAI) is also commonly used as a traditional method. However, the effectiveness of these two methods has not been compared before. Methods A meta-analysis of all relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was conducted to compare the efficacy of single shot TAP block with that of single shot LAI for postoperative analgesia in adults. Major medical databases and trial registries were searched for published and unpublished RCTs. The endpoints include postoperative visual analog scale (VAS) pain score, morphine requirement, and rate of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV). For continuous data, weighted mean differences (WMDs) were formulated; for dichotomous data, risk ratios (RR) were calculated. Results were derived using a random-/fixed-effects model with 95% confidence interval (CI). Results Four RCTs, encompassing 96 TAP-block and 100 LAI patients, were included in the final analysis. Patients in the TAP-block group had lower VAS pain scores 24 hours postoperatively compared with the LAI group, both at rest (WMD [95% CI] = -0.67 [p < 0.01] and with movement (WMD = -0.89, p < 0.01). There were no significant between-group differences in 24-hour postoperative morphine requirements, the rates if PONV or VAS pain scores at 2 and 4 h postoperatively. Conclusion TAP block and LAI provide comparable short-term postoperative analgesia, but TAP block has better long-lasting effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]