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Drawing from research on 'paper technologies' conducted by medical historians Volker Hess and Andrew Mendelsohn, among others, this article explores how Adolf Meyer (1866–1950) and his staff at the Phipps Psychiatric Clinic used customized punch cards to develop an alternative conceptualization of schizophrenia: 'parergasia.' It begins by examining 'dementia praecox,' the conceptual precursor to both schizophrenia and parergasia, to explain how earlier paper technologies used to track patients transferred to asylums generated prognostic assumptions that precluded deinstitutionalization and community-based care. It then describes how Meyer's staff modified these technologies to define parergasia in opposition to dementia praecox and other diagnoses that resulted in prolonged hospitalization, primarily by conducting follow-up studies on discharged patients that correlated outcomes with various social factors. After demonstrating how the standardized forms used in these studies limited the possible metrics of recovery, it concludes by suggesting how Meyer's research influenced leaders of the community mental health movement, and prefigured later trends in psychiatric services. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Insomnia symptoms are frequent during peripartum and are considered risk factors for peripartum psychopathology. Assessing and treating insomnia and related conditions of sleep loss during peripartum should be a priority in the clinical practice. The aim of this paper was to conduct a systematic review on insomnia evaluation and treatment during peripartum which may be useful for clinicians. The literature review was carried out between January 2000 and May 2021 on the evaluation and treatment of insomnia during the peripartum period. The PubMed, PsycINFO, and Embase electronic databases were searched for literature published according to the PRISMA guidance with several combinations of search terms "insomnia" and "perinatal period" or "pregnancy" or "post partum" or "lactation" or "breastfeeding" and "evaluation" and "treatment." Based on this search, 136 articles about insomnia evaluation and 335 articles on insomnia treatment were found and we conducted at the end a narrative review. According to the inclusion/exclusion criteria, 41 articles were selected for the evaluation part and 22 on the treatment part, including the most recent meta-analyses and systematic reviews. Evaluation of insomnia during peripartum, as for insomnia patients, may be conducted at least throughout a clinical interview, but specific rating scales are available and may be useful for assessment. Cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I), as for insomnia patients, should be the preferred treatment choice during peripartum, and it may be useful to also improve mood, anxiety symptoms, and fatigue. Pharmacological treatment may be considered when women who present with severe forms of insomnia symptoms do not respond to nonpharmacologic therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The COVID-19 Psychological Wellbeing Study was designed and implemented as a rapid survey of the psychosocial impacts of the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), known as COVID-19 in residents across the United Kingdom. This study utilised a longitudinal design to collect online survey based data. The aim of this paper was to describe (1) the rationale behind the study and the corresponding selection of constructs to be assessed; (2) the study design and methodology; (3) the resultant sociodemographic characteristics of the full sample; (4) how the baseline survey data compares to the UK adult population (using data from the Census) on a variety of sociodemographic variables; (5) the ongoing efforts for weekly and monthly longitudinal assessments of the baseline cohort; and (6) outline future research directions. We believe the study is in a unique position to make a significant contribution to the growing body of literature to help understand the psychological impact of this pandemic and inform future clinical and research directions that the UK will implement in response to COVID-19. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: The aim of the study was to assess the sexual and mental health of women suffering from connective tissue diseases and to determine the potential interrelationships between the studied clinical variables and sexual and mental health. Methods: The study was conducted in a group of women with connective tissue diseases. To assess somatic health, we used The Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ-DI), and to assess sexual health, we used the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) and Sexual Satisfaction Questionnaire (KSS). The mental health was assessed by using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS-M) and the PERMA-Profiler (PL). Results: The study involved 81 women suffering from connective tissue diseases, especially rheumatoid arthritis (RA), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). Clinical symptoms of sexual dysfunction were observed in 54% women. The biggest difficulties occur in sexual desire, orgasm and arousal. Patients had symptoms of anxiety and depressive disorders. Higher levels of anxiety and depression are associated with poorer overall sexual functioning and better overall sexual functioning, and all its dimensions are associated with a higher level of mental well-being. There was also an observed relationship with the functional limitation due to pain and duration of the disease. Conclusion: The study confirms the existence of difficulties in the sexual functioning of women suffering from connective tissue diseases and shows the relationship between sexual and mental health and basic disease. The observed relationships are important information in the treatment and medical care of people with this group of rheumatic diseases. Key Points • The article presents one of the few studies about sexual functioning of Polish population women with connective tissue diseases. • The aim was to assess the sexual and mental health of women with various connective tissue diseases and determine the potential interrelationships between the clinical variables and sexual and mental health. • The study confirms difficulties in the sexual functioning of women with connective tissue diseases. The biggest difficulties occur in sexual desire, orgasm and arousal. Patients also had mental disorders symptoms. • The study presents conclusions and indications which may be important and help specialists approach the treatment process in an interdisciplinary way. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A large proportion of the world's disease burden is attributable to mental illnesses. Although effective interventions are available, many patients still have limited access to evidence-based treatments. Aside from access, treatment gaps, including inappropriate medication selection and monitoring, are also routinely recognised. Mental health clinical pharmacists can help address these gaps and enable patients to receive optimised pharmaceutical care, particularly appropriate medication selection and monitoring. The European Society of Clinical Pharmacy (ESCP) Special Interest Group on Mental Health was established to improve standardised service provision in mental health settings across Europe. The Special Interest Group identified significant barriers (predominantly associated with reimbursement and position within the multidisciplinary team) to effective pharmaceutical care amongst those with mental illnesses. This commentary presents recommendations to address these gaps through improved mental health clinical pharmacy service provision. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper is to set out informal, provisional and comprehensive but concise guidelines for mother-infant (perinatal) mental health (psychiatry), as an area of specialisation. It is informal in the sense that the authors are clinicians and researchers from many different nations, who share a common goal and vision, speaking on their own behalf and not with the backing of any authority or society. It is provisional in the expectation that it can be improved by criticism and new research findings. It is a comprehensive summary of the development of the specialty, its core knowledge and recommended investigations and interventions. It is concise (under 6,000 words, taking less than an hour to read) in order to increase readership and facilitate translation. No attempt has been made to parade the evidence for these suggestions, because the document would have been too long to translate, and for many to read. Instead, drafts were circulated for criticism by those included in the authorship, resulting in a consensus (finalised by the three principal authors), providing a framework to guide service provision, clinical practice and research. The full list of authors, from 33 nations, is given in the postscript. They include mother-infant (or parent-infant) and perinatal adult or child psychiatrists and those with a special interest; mother-infant, perinatal and forensic psychologists; psychiatric nurses; the founders of Postpartum Support International and the Association for Postnatal Illness; representatives of social work and obstetrics and the management of these services, and research scientists working in the field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study compared a tablet PC questionnaire with a paper method for reliability and patient preferences in the acquisition of patient-reported outcomes (PROs) for patients treated with radiotherapy. By comparing the two modes of PRO administration, we aimed to evaluate the adequacy of using tablet PC questionnaires in future clinical use.Methods: Patients were randomized in a crossover study design using two different methods for PRO entry. A group of 89 patients answered a paper questionnaire followed by the tablet PC version, whereas 89 patients in another group completed the tablet PC questionnaire followed by the paper version. Surveys were performed four times per patient throughout the course of the radiotherapy. The Korean versions of the M.D. Anderson Symptom Inventory (MDASI-K) and the Brief Fatigue Inventory (BFI-K) were used. The primary endpoint of our current study was an assessment of patient preference for the survey method. The proportions of patients preferring each mode of questionnaire were evaluated.Results: The proportion of patients who preferred the tablet PC version, paper form, or who had no preference was 52.2, 22.1, and 25.7 %, respectively. More than half of the patients preferred the tablet PC to the paper version in all four surveys. Age, gender, educational status, prior experience of using a tablet PC, and the order of paper to tablet PC administration did not impact patient preferences. Inter-class correlation coefficients (ICCs) between the modes were 0.92 for MDASI-K and 0.94 for BFI-K and ranged from 0.91 to 0.96 on both instruments during the four surveys.Conclusions: A tablet PC-based PRO is an acceptable and reliable method compared with paper-based data collection for Korean patients receiving radiotherapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate whether family income and education have a causal effect on psychological distress among Canadian adults., Methods: We executed fixed-effects regression analyses using data from the Longitudinal and International Study of Adults (LISA). We investigated whether changes in family income and education from wave 2 (2014) to wave 3 (2016) corresponded with changes in psychological distress during this same time period. We also investigated whether changes in these socio-economic resources from wave 1 (2012) to wave 2 (2014) corresponded with lagged changes in psychological distress from wave 2 (2014) to wave 3 (2016). These models controlled for all time-invariant confounders with time-invariant effects, as well as the time-varying factors age, marital status, household size, and employment status., Results: Obtaining a postsecondary degree corresponded with lagged decreases in psychological distress among women ages 18 to 32 (b = -1.97; 95% CI = -3.53, -0.42) and men over the age of 32 (b = -1.86; 95% CI = -3.57, -0.15). The effect of postsecondary education was stronger when considering adults who stayed married throughout the three waves (b = -2.29; 95% CI = -4.37, -0.21)., Conclusion: Completing postsecondary education may have a lagged causal effect on psychological distress, and the life course timing for when postsecondary completion reduces distress is different for women and men., (© 2021. The Canadian Public Health Association.)

Purpose: To assess the equivalence of patient-reported outcome (PRO) survey responses across Web, interactive voice response system (IVRS), and paper modes of administration.Methods: Postoperative colorectal cancer patients with home Web/e-mail and phone were randomly assigned to one of the eight study groups: Groups 1-6 completed the survey via Web, IVRS, and paper, in one of the six possible orders; Groups 7-8 completed the survey twice, either by Web or by IVRS. The 20-item survey, including the MSKCC Bowel Function Instrument (BFI), the LASA Quality of Life (QOL) scale, and the Subjective Significance Questionnaire (SSQ) adapted to bowel function, was completed from home on consecutive days. Mode equivalence was assessed by comparison of mean scores across modes and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) and was compared to the test-retest reliability of Web and IVRS.Results: Of 170 patients, 157 completed at least one survey and were included in analysis. Patients had mean age 56 (SD = 11), 53% were male, 81% white, 53% colon, and 47% rectal cancer; 78% completed all assigned surveys. Mean scores for BFI total score, BFI subscale scores, LASA QOL, and adapted SSQ varied by mode by less than one-third of a score point. ICCs across mode were: BFI total score (Web-paper = 0.96, Web-IVRS = 0.97, paper-IVRS = 0.97); BFI subscales (range = 0.88-0.98); LASA QOL (Web-paper = 0.98, Web-IVRS = 0.78, paper-IVRS = 0.80); and SSQ (Web-paper = 0.92, Web-IVRS = 0.86, paper-IVRS = 0.79).Conclusions: Mode equivalence was demonstrated for the BFI total score, BFI subscales, LASA QOL, and adapted SSQ, supporting the use of multiple modes of PRO data capture in clinical trials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A cross-sectional study was performed to assess the correlation between telephone and self-administration of patient-related outcomes (PROs) used in the assessment of ankylosing spondylitis (AS) patients. Participants underwent a telephone interview in which the following measures were evaluated: numerical rating scales (NRSs) for global health, pain intensity, global pain, back pain, and back pain at night; BASDI, BASFI, Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ), ASQoL, EuroQol, SF-12, and Work Productivity and Activity Impairment (WPAI) questionnaire. Within 48 h after the telephone interview, patients were appointed for a clinical visit in which the same questionnaires and in the same order were self-administered. The degree of correlation of outcomes measures between telephone interview and self-administration was assessed with the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). The two modes of assessing PROs were highly reliable, with ICC of 0.81 for BASDAI, 0.82 for BASFI, and 0.75 for HAQ. NRSs for global health, global pain intensity, back pain, and back pain at night also showed ICCs between 0.51 and 0.70, and only NRS for global disease activity showed an ICC of 0.45. This results were similar in patients with AS and patients with psoriatic arthritis. Social functioning and mental health domains of the SF-12 as well as EuroQol had poor correlations. The ICCs for WPAI outcomes were very good or good. We conclude that PROs in AS patients are comparable in both self-administered paper questionnaires and via a telephone interview. Different modes of assessing PRO measures facilitate the assessment of patients with AS in routine practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Despite the emerging field of research on females who engage in contact child sexual abuse offenses, we know little about females who engage in child sexual abuse material (CSAM) offenses. This is concerning given the global proliferation of CSAM and recent research identifying female-perpetrated CSAM offending is more prominent than previously thought. This paper contributes to the underdeveloped field, by offering a beneficial and timely stop gap of current research on women who engage in CSAM offenses. In doing so, the synthesis explores the prevalence of females who engage in CSAM, why some females might perpetrate CSAM offenses (including co-offending, prior victimization, mental health, opportunity, and sexual motivation), the harms of female-perpetrated CSAM offending, and how the media portrays this offending group. To further extend our knowledge in this field, ideas for future research are also provided throughout. This paper should be useful for various disciplines including psychology, criminology, and law, globally, who are interested in better understanding CSAM offenses perpetrated by females. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Happiness is a tool that can contribute towards the betterment of mental illness and is often linked to the well-being of a place. As per the study, nearly five per cent of Indians have a mental illness, with one in every five requiring psychiatric counselling. The tangible built environment and intangible components significantly affect human happiness. The question arises is whether and to what extent do these components of the urban environment affect happiness. The present paper examines the association between the urban built environment and the happiness of a city, taking Bhopal (a fast-growing metropolis in India with a population of 1.79 million according to the 2011 census) as a case study. Based on available data, seven parameters have been selected under urban built environment, the tangible–the 'body' characteristics (public transport, open space, air quality, vegetation index, air pollution, slum, safety and security, and population density), and happiness, the intangible 'soul', which has been studied via sentiment analysis using Twitter data. The focus of this paper, thus, shifts the focus from the relationship between happiness and socioeconomic factors to a broader understanding of the association between seven 'body' variables and their relationship with the intangible 'soul'. It attempts to establish these relation characteristics using regression analysis. The findings suggest that security fears, distance from open spaces, and distance from slums are among the major determinants of happiness. A sense of positivity is also evident among the people living in high-density areas. The present research can help policymakers to understand citizens' sentiments and integrate these with urban development initiatives for the built environment, building a happy city. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The journey from shame to pride has been described as a founding and essential part of the modern LGBTQ movement. However, the tendency to treat shame as something that belongs to the past has been criticized by a number of queer theorists. The struggle to secure equal rights through normalization has also meant that certain topics that risk demonizing and stigmatizing LGBTQ people further have been neglected. Intimate partner violence (IPV) in queer relationships is one such topic. This paper explores a new perspective on queer shame through the topic of IPV in lesbian and queer relationships. Methods: Drawing on qualitative interviews with 25 people who have experienced violence in intimate lesbian/queer relationships in Sweden, this paper unpacks the concept of shame in empirical data to examine how shame operates on different levels when it comes to victimization and how it affects the help-seeking processes of such victim-survivors. Results: Many of the interviewees expressed that they continued to feel ashamed about their denial of violence or their own reactions to the abuse even years after the relationship had ended. An additional layer of shame and secrecy affected the violence and help-seeking processes for the interviewees' who lacked support from their social networks or who were not open about being in a queer relationship. The interviewees' accounts also contained strategies to resist and manage shame. Conclusions: The theoretical and empirical contributions of this paper sheds new light on how shame, victimization and queerness are entangled in the case of IPV. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Psychoanalysis brings some specific aspects of treatment technique to the field of mental health practice today, such as highlighting the dynamics within therapeutic relationship (especially regarding emotional and unconscious elements), the role of defense mechanisms etc. Moreover, by means of taking a particular therapeutic stance, psychoanalysis offers some shared mental space for patients. The present paper argues that this stance is characterized by the capacity to "not act", that is: by passive receptivity. To view this as some specific "negative skill" in psychotherapy in general means to align common elements of effective psychotherapy with the capacity to explore the uncommon, unfamiliar or unforeseen in particular psychotherapeutic processes. The paper sketches how this can be employed in psychotherapy training as well as in psychotherapy integration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans, queer or asexual (LGBTQA+) young people are at heightened risk of suicidality and psychological distress. Interventions in various forms are required to address this issue, which should be informed by the strengths, capacity and insight of LGBTQA+ young people. Methods: An online survey was promoted to LGBTQA+ young people (aged 14–21) via targeted social media advertising and community organisation dissemination, in late 2019. In addition to a range of health and wellbeing questions, all participants were asked, 'What makes you feel good about yourself?' The open-text responses were subject to a detailed, inductive thematic analysis. Results: In total, 4751 young people provided a short answer response to the question of what makes them feel good about themselves. The length of responses ranged from a few words to several paragraphs. Six key themes were identified. These included LGBTQA+ young people finding value in connection with significant others and finding affirmation for their gender and sexuality through their presentation and engagement with the world. In addition, participants talked about how they liked to engage with people they identified with or saw as role models, and how their creative outlets or making a positive difference in the world (e.g., through volunteering) helped them feel good about themselves. Conclusions: While ensuring that young LGBTQA+ people have access to mental health services and social/support programs is important, it is also essential that we acknowledge young people's agency and the significance of everyday, informal acts which support young LGBTQA+ people to achieve desires for connection, acceptance, contribution, belonging and self-expression. Policy Implications: Findings reported in this paper offer some valuable insights for policy and programming, particularly in acknowledging and centring young people's agency and capacity to make decisions and take action to express themselves, to find community and affirm their identity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Psyche Awards were developed to recognize the best journal articles published during the previous year. Each award confronts a specific topic within the field of mental health care, identifying articles that integrate the science and practice of psychology. For the current awards, 161 journals were screened, and 223 relevant articles were identified. The papers were then narrowed down to 46 papers distributed across 11 award categories. A panel of four expert judges read each article and rated all papers for their contribution to the field. The current award categories highlight some of the best articles published during 2021, capturing important information about psychological assessment, treatment of depression, working with suicidal clients, technology-assisted psychotherapy, the impact of Covid-19 on mental health, lessons from a review of history, recent innovations in the field, and strategies to expand the integration of science and practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Environmental ethicists and experts in human health have raised concerns about the effects of hydraulic fracking to access natural oil and gas resources found deep in shale rock formations on surrounding ecosystems and communities. In this study, we analyzed the prevalence of discourse on brain and mental health, and ethics, in the peer-reviewed and grey literature in the five-year period between 2016 and 2022. A total of 84 articles met inclusion criteria for analysis. Seventy-six percent (76%) mentioned impacts on brain (e.g., neural tube defects, neurological symptoms), and mental health (e.g., negative psychological effects, stress, depression) briefly; 11 reports dedicated substantive discourse to either or both together. References to safety (77%) dominated the ethics context. Discussion of environmental injustices as fracking sites disproportionately affect vulnerable communities appeared in 38% of the papers. We examine the findings through the lens of environmental neuroethics that brings human-made changes to the environment, brain and mental health, and ethics together into three interwoven lines of inquiry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: In recent decades, Europe has seen a steady increase in psychiatric diagnoses, which, besides affecting the population in many ways, also challenges the organization of welfare. This paper explores how welfare classification processes impact the contemporary production of mental (ill) health and social inequality in the German welfare state. Methods: Based on comprehensive ethnographic research in the public mental healthcare landscape in Berlin between 2011 and 2017, this paper discusses in detail the case of a mandatory prescription of a psychosocial rehabilitation measure for Ms Reisch, a psychiatric service user and ethnographic research partner. The analysis draws on the methodological approach of praxeography to examine how this case challenges the social determinants of mental health framework and the conceptual work of the sociology of inequality on which the categories of welfare are largely built. Results: The paper highlights the essentializing properties of social categories, whether in the sociology of inequality or in social and mental health policy. It also demonstrates the strength of praxeography to expose how multiple welfare categorization processes shape experiences and events of dis/ability in practice, potentially contradicting the stated intentions of social policy. Conclusion: The results suggest that the attachment of categories to people in public welfare needs to be changed to make public administration more flexible to responding to the situated processes that bring about differentiations of equal and unequal in practice. The paper, therefore, encourages social inquiry into the potentialities of a post-categorical social policy framework. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Over the last two decades, metric-based instruments have garnered popularity in mental health. Self-administered surveys, such as the Patient Health Questionnaire 9 (PHQ 9), have been leveraged to inform treatment practice of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD). The aim of this study was to measure the reliability and usability of a novel voice-based delivery system of the PHQ 9 using Amazon Alexa within a patient population. Forty-one newly admitted patients to a behavioral medicine clinic completed the PHQ 9 at two separate time points (first appointment and one-month follow up). Patients were randomly assigned to a version (voice vs paper) completing the alternate format at the next appointment. Patients additionally completed a 26-item User Experience Questionnaire (UEQ) and open-ended questionnaire at each session. Assessments between PHQ 9 total scores for the Alexa and paper version showed a high degree of reliability (α =.86). Quantitative UEQ results showed significantly higher overall positive attitudes towards the Alexa format with higher subscale scores on attractiveness, stimulation, and novelty. Further qualitative responses supported these findings with 85.7% of participants indicating a willingness to use the device at home. With the benefit of user instruction in a clinical environment, the novel Alexa delivery system was shown to be consistent with the paper version giving evidence of reliability between the two formats. User experience assessments further showed a preference for the novel version over the traditional format. It is our hope that future studies may examine the efficacy of the Alexa format in improving the at-home clinical treatment of depression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to provide a pastoral response to the increase in the number of suicides in the Philippines during the COVID-19 pandemic. This paper will look into the reasons and statistics related to suicide since there was a sudden spike in number during the pandemic. The See–Discern–Act method is used in this study so that the current social issue will be viewed from the teachings of the Church. First, we will discuss the reports on the cases of mental health issues. This issue has alarmed several professionals that focus on protecting one's mental health. Second, we will discuss key concepts from the Catechism of the Catholic Church to present the view on suicide. Also, John Paul II's Evangelium Vitae will be cited to provide a perspective on the value of human life. The Compendium of the Social Doctrine of the Church will also be tackled to explain the Church's view on mental health and well-being. Third, we will attempt to unearth the mental well-being of some Filipinos concerning suicide cases in the Philippines in light of the Church's teachings. Hence, our goal is to provide a perspective on this problem using the teachings of the Church on human life so that we may draw a proposed pastoral theological response. Hence, we propose that the Church must provide plans for prevention, intervention, and postvention when it comes to people involved in any suicide case as these actions are aligned with the goal of the Church to take care of those who suffer from mental illness and emphasize the value of human life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To validate electronic versions of the Mini Pediatric and Pediatric Asthma Caregiver's Quality of Life Questionnaires (MiniPAQLQ and PACQLQ, respectively), determine completion times and correlate QOL of children and caregivers.Methods: A total of 63 children and 64 caregivers completed the paper and electronic MiniPAQLQ or PACQLQ. Agreement between versions of each questionnaire was summarized by intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC). The correlation between MiniPAQLQ and PACQLQ scores from child-caregiver pairs was assessed using Pearson's correlation coefficient.Results: There was no significant difference (mean difference = 0.1, 95% CI -0.1, 0.2) in MiniPAQLQ Overall Scores between paper (5.9 ± 1.0, mean ± SD) and electronic (5.8 ± 1.0) versions, or any of the domains. ICCs ranged from 0.89 (Overall) to 0.86 (Emotional Function). Overall PACQLQ scores for both versions were comparable (5.9 ± 0.9 and 5.8 ± 1.0; mean difference = 0.0; 95% CI -0.1, 0.2). ICCs ranged from 0.81 (Activity Limitation) to 0.88 (Emotional Function). The electronic PACQLQ took 26 s longer (95% CI 11, 41; p < 0.001). Few participants (3-11%) preferred the paper format. MiniPAQLQ and PACQLQ scores were significantly correlated (all p < 0.05) for Overall (r paper = 0.33, r electronic = 0.27) and Emotional Function domains (r paper = 0.34, r electronic = 0.29).Conclusions: These electronic QOL questionnaires are valid, and asthma-related QOL of children and caregivers is related. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bed bugs are pests of public health importance due to their relentless biting habits that can lead to allergies, secondary infections and mental health issues. When not feeding on human blood bed bugs aggregate in refuges close to human hosts. This aggregation behaviour could be exploited to lure bed bugs into traps for surveillance, treatment efficacy monitoring and mass trapping efforts, if the responsible cues are identified. The aim of this study was to identify and quantify the bed bug aggregation pheromone. Volatile chemicals were collected from bed bug-exposed papers, which are known to induce aggregation behaviour, by air entrainment. This extract was tested for behavioural and electrophysiological activity using a still-air olfactometer and electroantennography, respectively. Coupled gas chromatography-electroantennography (GC-EAG) was used to screen the extract and the GC-EAG-active chemicals, benzaldehyde, hexanal, (E)-2-octenal, octanal, nonanal, decanal, heptanal, (R,S)-1-octen-3-ol, 3-carene, β-phellandrene, (3E,5E)-octadien-2-one, (E)-2-nonenal, 2-decanone, dodecane, nonanoic acid, 2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethyl acetate, (E)-2-undecanal and (S)-germacrene D, were identified by GC-mass spectrometry and quantified by GC. Synthetic blends, comprising 6, 16, and 18 compounds, at natural ratios, were then tested in the still-air olfactometer to determine behavioural activity. These aggregation chemicals can be manufactured into a lure that could be used to improve bed bug management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The bioethics literature reflects significant interest in and concern with the use of genetic and genomic information in various settings. Because psychiatric treatment and research raises unique ethical, legal, and social issues, we conducted a scoping review of the biomedical, bioethics, and psychology literature regarding the application of genetic and genomic tools to psychiatric disorders (as listed in the DSM-5) and two associated behaviors or symptoms to provide a more detailed overview of the state of the field. Objectives: The primary objective was to examine the available bioethics, biomedical, and psychology literature on applying genetic and genomic tools to psychiatric disorders (other than neurodevelopmental disorders) and two behaviors or symptoms sometimes associated with them (aggression or violence and suicidality) to identify the disorders to which these tools have been applied, the contexts in or purposes for which they have been applied, the ethical, legal, or social concerns associated with those uses, and proposed recommendations for mitigating those concerns. Methods: We used Arksey and O'Malley's scoping review framework: (1) identify the research question; (2) identify relevant studies; (3) select studies; (4) chart the data; and (5) collate, summarize, and report results (2005). We relied on Levac et al. to inform our application of the framework (2010). The PRISMA extension for scoping reviews checklist informed our reporting (2018). We searched three electronic databases MEDLINE (PubMed), Embase, and PsycInfo (EbscoHost) for peer-reviewed journal articles in English to identify relevant literature. One author screened the initial results and additional screening was done in consultation with other authors. A data extraction form using DSM-5 diagnostic categories (excluding neurodevelopmental disorders) was developed and two authors independently each reviewed approximately half of the articles. Inter-rater reliability was ensured by double-coding approximately 10% of the papers. An additional author independently coded 10% of the articles to audit the data. Results: In 365 coded publications, we identified 15 DSM-5 diagnostic categories in addition to the two pre-selected behaviors or symptoms (aggression or violence and suicidality) to which genetic or genomic tools have been applied. We identified 11 settings in or purposes for which these tools were applied. Twenty-two types of ethical, legal, or social concerns associated with the application of genetic or genomic tools to these disorders or behaviors/symptoms were identified along with 13 practices or policies that could mitigate these concerns. Conclusion: Genetic and genomic tools have been applied to a wide range of psychiatric disorders. These raise a range of ethical, legal, and social concerns. Additional research is warranted to better understand the concerns and effective ways to address them. Advancing the literature to identify relevant ethical, legal, or social concerns and solutions to those problems likely requires greater attention to specific applications of genetic or genomic tools to particular psychiatric disorders and associated behaviors/symptoms as well as broad stakeholder engagement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This bibliometric review aims to identify key actors in the behavioral health services availability/accessibility literature. Coalescing information about these actors could support subsequent research efforts to improve the availability and accessibility of behavioral health services. The authors used a scoping review method and a bibliometric approach. The articles came from Medline, Embase, Web of Science, CINAHL, and PsycINFO. Articles were included if they assessed behavioral health service availability or accessibility quantitatively and were written in English. The final sample included 265 articles. Bibliometric data were extracted, coded, and verified. The authors analyzed the data using univariate and social network analyses. Publishing in this area has become more consistent and has grown since 2002. Psychiatric Services and Graduate Theses were the most frequently used publication venues. The National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institute of Mental Health, and the Veterans Administration funded the most research. The most frequently used keyword was "health services accessibility." The findings suggest that this literature is growing. There are a few clusters of researchers in this area. Government organizations primarily fund this research. The paper and supplementary materials list the top researchers, publication venues, funding sources, and key terms to promote further behavioral health availability/accessibility research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

India has a large population with the prevalence of many mental health concerns but faces a shortage of mental health professionals. This paper deals with this mental health crisis in India and how Mental Health First Aid and developing a first aid kit for mental health would help to address the issue. Mental health and mental illness in India additionally face stigma and backlash from the society. Due to this, very few people with mental ailments come forward to seek professional help. While we are aware of and trained in first aid for physical health, the concept of first aid for mental health is in its infancy. Hence, a review of literature was done to find the benefits of Mental Health First Aid and how it could benefit in solving the crisis in India. Creating a Mental Health First Aid Kit on a similar basis to its physical counterpart can also come in handy while administering mental health first aid. Results show that an individual trained in mental health first aid might act as a bridge between people with mental ailments and mental health professionals and assist in providing timely help. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Social inclusion of people living with serious mental illness is widely promoted. However, only limited consideration has been given to the meanings of social inclusion within different settings and the ways in which it is envisioned, negotiated, and practised. In this paper, we explore meanings and practises of social inclusion from the perspectives of people living with serious mental illness and their families in Ghana and Palestine and how this is shaped by differing political and socio-cultural contexts. Methods: This paper draws on comparative ethnographic research including participant observation and interviews with people living with mental illness and family members in Ghana and the occupied Palestinian territory. Data were triangulated and analysed using thematic analysis. Results: Participants described experiences of social inclusion and participation within communities, home and family life, friendships and social life, and work and livelihoods. This revealed how such experiences were variously shaped by differing political contexts and socio-cultural norms and expectations within the two settings. These in turn intersected with aspects such as gender roles, age, and socio-economic status. Aspirations for inclusion included greater awareness and understanding within society, accompanied by opportunities and support for meaningful inclusion at the political as well as community level. Conclusion: Findings point to the value of a contextual understanding of social inclusion, taking account of the impact of the wider socio-cultural, political, and economic environment. They also point to the need for an intersectoral approach, beyond communities and mental health services, to provide meaningful opportunities and support for social inclusion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This paper asks whether the separation of mental health from its wider social context during the UK benefits assessment processes is a contributing factor to widely recognised systemic difficulties, including intrinsically damaging effects and relatively ineffective welfare-to-work outcomes. Methods: Drawing on multiple sources of evidence, we ask whether placing mental health—specifically a biomedical conceptualisation of mental illness or condition as a discrete agent—at the core of the benefits eligibility assessment process presents obstacles to (i) accurately understanding a claimant's lived experience of distress (ii) meaningfully establishing the specific ways it affects their capacity for work, and (iii) identifying the multifaceted range of barriers (and related support needs) that a person may have in relation to moving into employment. Results: We suggest that a more holistic assessment of work capacity, a different kind of conversation that considers not only the (fluctuating) effects of psychological distress but also the range of personal, social and economic circumstances that affect a person's capacity to gain and sustain employment, would offer a less distressing and ultimately more productive approach to understanding work capability. Conclusion: Such a shift would reduce the need to focus on a state of medicalised incapacity and open up space in encounters for more a more empowering focus on capacity, capabilities, aspirations, and what types of work are (or might be) possible, given the right kinds of contextualised and personalised support. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A correction to the article "An International Position Paper on Mother-Infant (Perinatal) Mental health, With Guidelines for Clinical Practice," published in the December 6, 2016 issue is presented.

Background: Binge-watching has become increasingly popular in recent years. Although it can provide a form of entertainment and mood regulation, it has also been associated with adverse mental health issues. In this study, we explored the association between binge-watching behavior and mental health. Methods: Using a cross-sectional survey conducted from May to November 2018, we surveyed 535 participants over 18 years old from Ain Shams University by using a combination of online and pen-and-paper methods. Data on sociodemographic characteristics and TV series watching patterns were collected, and participants completed the Binge-Watching Engagement and Symptoms Questionnaire (BWESQ), the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI-18), and the Subjective Happiness Scale (SHS). Results: Among the 535 participants surveyed, 333 were retained and divided into three groups (i.e., non-binge-watchers, trouble-free binge-watchers, and problematic binge-watchers) in accordance with previous binge-watching research. Significant between-group differences were found in terms of relationship status, commonly used devices (mobile, laptop, TV), and perceived dependency on TV series watching. Problematic binge-watchers showed significantly higher scores for all BWESQ and BSI-18 subscales. Conclusion: Trouble-free binge-watchers and problematic binge-watchers were more likely to be single than non-binge-watchers and demonstrated a marked preference for using mobile phones and laptops over traditional television. A significant positive relationship was found between problematic binge-watching and symptoms of depression, anxiety, and somatization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The rapid development of social reform and the economy has brought great challenges to the mental health of college students. However, there are few studies on the impact of these psychological problems on college students' English learning. As a special group about to enter society, studying the mental health of college students in foreign language learning is of great significance. This paper discusses the principle of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology and the interactive mechanism to support college students' foreign language learning. Additionally, the adaptability supporting college students' foreign language learning is analyzed according to the current situation of AI supporting foreign language learning. Then, the mental health of college students in the AI environment is investigated and analyzed. This paper takes foreign and non-foreign language majors of Changchun University of Technology as the object and uses questionnaires, interviews, and classroom observation to obtain basic data. The results show that college students' adaptability to foreign language learning is higher than that of non-foreign. Students' intelligent operation and knowledge storage level impact their adaptability to foreign language learning. Psychological health problems include learning anxiety, loneliness, depression, and inferiority in college students' foreign language learning. These negative emotions, to a certain extent, affect the learning effect of college students' foreign language learning. This paper is of great significance to the adaptability of college students' foreign language learning to the intelligent environment and the analysis of their mental health problems. This paper hopes to provide data reference for the research on improving college students' foreign language learning effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Transition-age youth with foster care involvement (TAY, ages 17–22) are at heightened risk for suicidal behavior. Despite this, mental health screenings are not standardized across child welfare (CW) systems and existing assessment tools are not designed for use with this specific population. As such, TAY are unlikely to be adequately screened for suicide risk and connected with needed services. In this paper, we sought to identify screening and assessment tools that could be effective for use with TAY in CW settings. Using PubMed and PsycINFO, we conducted a search of the current literature to identify some of the most commonly used screening and assessment tools for youth. We then narrowed our focus to those tools that met predefined inclusion criteria indicating appropriateness of use for TAY in CW settings. As a result of this process, we identified one brief screening tool (the ASQ) and four assessments (the SIQ-JR, the C-SSRS, the SHBQ, and the SPS) that demonstrated specific promise for use with TAY. The strengths and limitations of the tools are discussed in detail, as well as the ways that each could be used most effectively in CW settings. We highlight three key points intended to guide social work practice and policy: (1) systematic, routine assessment of mental health and suicide risk across CW settings is critical; (2) the protocol for assessing suicidal behavior in TAY must account for the wide variations in context and service provision; and (3) CW workers administering assessments must be thoughtfully trained on risk identification and the protocol implementation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mental health is deteriorating far and fast globally post-COVID. Though there were already over one billion people living with mental disorders pre-pandemic, in the first year of COVID-19 alone, the prevalence of anxiety and depression soared by 25% worldwide. In light of the chronic shortages of mental health resources and talents, along with disruptions of available health services caused by pandemic-related restrictions, technology is widely believed to hold the key to addressing the rising mental health crises. However, hurdles such as fragmented and oftentimes suboptimal patient protection measures substantially undermine technology's potential to address the global mental health crises reliably and at scale. To shed light on these issues, this paper aims to discuss the post-pandemic mental health challenges and opportunities, and the strategies and solutions the global mental health community could leverage to protect and elevate society's mental health in the long run. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper reports the results of a hybrid effectiveness-implementation randomized trial that systematically varied levels of human oversight required to support the implementation of a digital medicine intervention for persons with mild-to-moderate alcohol use disorder (AUD). Participants were randomly assigned to three groups representing possible digital health support models within a health system: self-monitored use (SM; n = 185), peer-supported use (PS; n = 186), or a clinically integrated model CI; (n = 187). Across all three groups, the percentage of self-reported heavy drinking days dropped from 38.4% at baseline (95% CI [35.8%, 41%]) to 22.5% (19.5%, 25.5%) at 12 months. The clinically integrated group showed significant improvements in mental health and quality of life compared to the self-monitoring group (p = 0.011). However, higher attrition rates in the clinically integrated group warrant consideration in interpreting this result. Results suggest that making a self-guided digital intervention available to patients may be a viable option for health systems looking to promote alcohol risk reduction. This study was prospectively registered at clinicaltrials.gov on 7/03/2019 (NCT04011644). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Brief, school-based mental health interventions hold promise for reducing barriers to mental health support access, a critical endeavor in light of increasing rates of mental health concerns among youth. However, there is no consensus on whether or not brief school-based interventions are effective at reducing mental health concerns or improving well-being. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to provide consensus and determine directions for future work. Articles were included if they examined a brief (≤ four sessions or 240 min of intervention time) psychosocial intervention, were conducted within a Pre-K through 12th-grade school setting, included at least one treatment outcome evaluating mental health or well-being, and were published since 2000. A total of 6,702 papers were identified through database searching, of which 81 papers (k studies = 75) were ultimately selected for inclusion. A total of 40,498 students were included across studies and a total of 75 unique interventions were examined. A total of 324 effect sizes were extracted. On average, interventions led to statistically significant improvements in mental health/well-being outcomes versus control conditions up to one-month (g =.18, p =.004), six-month (g =.15, p =.006), and one-year (g =.10, p =.03) post-intervention. There may be benefits to brief school-based interventions from a preventative public health standpoint; future research may focus on how to optimize their real-world utility. Prospero pre-registration: CRD42021255079. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper uses narrative inquiry, ethnographic observations, and philosophical consideration of phenomenology to explore the role of mindfulness training, specifically a yoga-based practice, in supporting resiliency, academic achievement, and holistic well-being. Holistic well-being has become a critical and significant area of focus in education as increasing stress, anxiety and depression are resulting in both mental and physical illness, causing a significant decrease in overall resiliency observed both in students and teachers. This problem has been compounded by COVID-19, increasing use of technology and social isolation (Kush, Badillo-Giocoechea, Musci, & Stuart, 2022). It is critical to seek ontological ways of being and epistemological opportunities that consider relationality and holism to deepen our understanding of the complexity of our human experience, individually and collectively. The purpose of this paper is to offer proactive considerations to achieve well-being in our increasingly complex and overwhelming educational environments by considering the lived experience of the author as a yoga practitioner, academic researcher, and classroom educator. It begins by exploring the concept of interconnectivity and reflection on lived experience, and then it establishes a working definition for both resiliency and yoga. It then connects the key concepts of yoga practice to educational neuroscience, curriculum, teaching, and learning. Finally, it explores practical applications to teaching and learning and future research to be considered regarding resiliency, yoga, and holistic well-being. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There is a mental health crisis in the United States that shows no signs of abating. Prevalence rates of mental disorders among both adults and children are rising and there are simply not enough mental health professionals to meet the growing demand. To address this problem, digital programs are being designed to diagnose and treat mental health conditions either adjunctively to a human clinician or as stand-alone treatments. Such developments hold great promise in ameliorating the mental health professional supply shortage. However, certain limitations of digital programs may prevent many users from desiring a digital psychotherapist. This paper surveys both the promise, and limitations, of digital psychotherapies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Autistic camouflaging is a collection of strategies used to hide autistic characteristics. It can have serious consequences on autistic people's mental health and needs to be addressed and measured in clinical practice. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the psychometric properties of the French adaptation of the Camouflaging Autistic Traits Questionnaire. Methods: 1227 participants (744 autistic, 483 non-autistic) answered the French version of the CAT-Q in an online survey or on paper. Confirmatory factor analysis, measurement invariance testing, internal consistency analysis (McDonald's ω), and convergent validity with the DASS-21 depression subscale were conducted. Test-rest reliability was assessed on a sample of 22 autistic volunteers using intraclass correlation coefficient. Results: A good fit was found for the original three-factor structure as well as a good internal consistency, excellent test-retest reliability and highly significant convergent validity. Measurement invariance testing indicates however that the meaning behind items is different for autistic vs. non-autistic people. Conclusion: The French version of the CAT-Q can be used in clinical settings to assess camouflaging behaviors and intent to camouflage. Further research is needed to clarify the camouflage construct and whether reported measurement noninvariance are due to cultural differences or a true difference in what camouflaging might mean for non-autistic people. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to review the existing published and grey literature describing the concepts of self-management, self-care, and self-help, and to capture strategies or techniques related to these concepts, for adolescents with emotional problems. Emotional problems are rising amongst adolescents, yet timely access to specialist mental health treatment is limited to those with greater severity of mental health difficulties. Self-management, self-care, and self-help strategies may be used by adolescents with emotional problems both in terms of those waiting for treatment and to prevent relapse. Given the overlap in existing definitions and the lack of clarity around these concepts in an adolescent mental health context, a scoping review of the literature is warranted to provide clarity. Eligible studies were those involving adolescents aged 10 to 19 years with symptoms of emotional problems. Studies referenced self-management, self-care, or self-help, not involving a professional, in this population. Quantitative, qualitative, economic, and mixed methods studies, as well as systematic, scoping, and literature reviews, from 2000 onwards and in the English language, were eligible for inclusion. A systematic search was conducted of both published and grey literature. Databases searched included PsycINFO, Medline, Embase, Web of Science, and CINAHL Plus. Mednar was also searched for unpublished studies and grey literature. Tables of themes, terms, and associated strategies are presented alongside a thematic analysis of the results. 62 articles were included. These were 20 quantitative studies, 14 systematic reviews, 10 qualitative studies, five review papers, four book chapters, four mixed methods studies, two dissertations, two meta-analyses and one scoping review and systematic review. Most of the included articles referenced self-help (n = 51), followed by self-management (n = 17) and self-care (n = 6). A total of 12 themes were identified from a reflexive thematic analysis of descriptions (and associated strategies) of self-management, self-help, or self-care in included texts. This scoping review provides clarity on the similarities and differences between how these concepts are discussed, and the strategies which are associated with each of these concepts in the relevant literature. Implications for policy and intervention development for adolescents' self-management, self-help, and self-care of their mental health are discussed. There is considerable overlap in both the ways in which these concepts are described, and the strategies or approaches proposed in relation to them, supporting previous research suggesting these strategies should be grouped under a single term, such as "self or community approaches." More research is needed for self-management, self-help, and self-care amongst marginalized groups as these adolescents may have the highest unmet need for mental health support. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: There has been a global increase in the prevalence of common mental disorders (CMD), particularly in conflict hotspots. The limited amount of resources is one of the key barriers to effective treatment within Low- and Middle-income countries (LAMICs). The lack of service provision for mental health disorders in LAMICs has resulted in limited opportunities to conduct mental health research. Libya is a North African country that has suffered from ongoing conflict with the current political unrest in Libya further impacting the mental health of the population. Main text: The aim of this review is to conduct a synthesis of evidence regarding the estimated prevalence and associated risk factors of CMD in Libya. A search was completed in the academic databases; PubMed, Medline, EMBASE, PsychINFO, CINHAL, and the Institute for Development, Research, Advocacy and Applied Care (IDRAAC) from inception to March 2020. Only studies that investigated prevalence and associated risk factors of CMD in Libya were included. A total of 219 studies were identified of which 15 met the inclusion criteria for the review. There were (n = 3) papers investigated the prevalence of depression, (n = 4) studies were focused on stress-related disorders and the remaining papers looked at both anxiety and depression. Statistically, sample sizes of the included studies ranged from (n = 41–13,031) for the prevalence studies (mean = 1188.6, median = 233). Conclusion: The status of Libya as a conflict hotspot has led to a reduced level of epidemiological data on mental health, with a vital need to conduct research in CMD. Libya requires better clinical governance which can allow for more scientific research into CMD and enabling the Libyan government to develop evidence-based policy initiatives for CMD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This review aimed to evaluate interventions led by peer counselors (PCs) for adults with common mental disorders in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) along indices of overall effectiveness and key implementation outcomes (acceptability, feasibility, cost, fidelity, sustainability). Methods: This review followed a mixed-methods systematic review design. MEDLINE/PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO, and Global Health databases were searched for PC-led interventions for adults in LMICs targeting depressive and/or anxiety disorders or PTSD. Quantitative data was narratively synthesized, and qualitative data was thematically synthesized separately. The results from the qualitative and quantitative syntheses were then combined in a cross-study synthesis. Results: Twenty-four papers describing thirteen PC-led interventions were included for review. Narrative synthesis results indicated mixed effectiveness of PC-led interventions in reducing depressive, anxiety, PTSD symptoms and high PC competency. Thematic synthesis revealed five descriptive themes: (1) Preferred PC characteristics; (2) Incentives and motivation for PCs; (3) Barriers to PC-led intervention implementation; (4) Helpful supervision/training practices; and (5) Overall high acceptability of PC-led interventions. Cross-study synthesis revealed high acceptability, feasibility, and fidelity, but cost and sustainability outcomes were underreported in included papers. Conclusion: PC-led interventions seem to show initial promise in terms of effectiveness, acceptability, feasibility, cost, fidelity, and sustainability. Future research should focus on standardizing measurements of implementation outcomes to facilitate cross-study analysis. Additional empirical attention should be paid to underrepresented implementation outcomes (e.g., cost, sustainability). Finally, researchers should adopt a participatory approach that elevates the perspectives of PCs throughout all stages of the implementation process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recommender systems assist users in receiving preferred or relevant services and information. Using such technology could be instrumental in addressing the lack of relevance digital mental health apps have to the user, a leading cause of low engagement. However, the use of recommender systems for digital mental health apps, particularly those driven by personal data and artificial intelligence, presents a range of ethical considerations. This paper focuses on considerations particular to the juncture of recommender systems and digital mental health technologies. While separate bodies of work have focused on these two areas, to our knowledge, the intersection presented in this paper has not yet been examined. This paper identifies and discusses a set of advantages and ethical concerns related to incorporating recommender systems into the digital mental health (DMH) ecosystem. Advantages of incorporating recommender systems into DMH apps are identified as (1) a reduction in choice overload, (2) improvement to the digital therapeutic alliance, and (3) increased access to personal data & self-management. Ethical challenges identified are (1) lack of explainability, (2) complexities pertaining to the privacy/personalization trade-off and recommendation quality, and (3) the control of app usage history data. These novel considerations will provide a greater understanding of how DMH apps can effectively and ethically implement recommender systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although the scale of education for international students in China continues to expand, the adaptation situation of international students in China is not optimistic. They encountered various problems in the processes of psychological adaptation, interpersonal communication, and learning. In addition to the improving count of international students pursuing their degree in China, China needs the cross-cultural adaptation of international students to be given due attention. This study adopted qualitative research methods and used a university as the research site to conduct interviews and observations with 204 doctoral students studying in China from different disciplines and countries. A model of cross-cultural adaptation, the novelty of this paper, using an analytical and inductive method. Based on this, the cross-cultural adaptation state and technique of doctoral students studying in China were described using three levels of coding on the original data, and their cross-cultural adaptation model was created using the analysis and induction approach. For doctoral students, a model cross-cultural adaptation of T2 is established in this study as well as this study explains the model cross-cultural adaptation of T2 for the doctoral students in China. In addition, this study identified four main styles of cross-cultural adaptation, namely dissociation, defense, tacit, and learning. From the data collected in this paper, it can be concluded that most international students in China have some negative emotions such as anxiety and lack of confidence in the early stages of China, and most of the reasons come from language barriers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper introduces the Attachment Mapping Protocol (AMP), which is an assessment and treatment tool for use in individual psychotherapy, systemic family therapy and multifaith spiritual care, using a bio-psycho-social-spiritual model of care. Attachment theory has a long and significant history in psychology, with an evolving relationship within the above clinical domains. A central aim of this paper will be to recognize and affirm the extension of attachment theory beyond the traditional parameters of nascent parental, guardianship bonds and individual, developmental psychology, to reveal a much broader spectrum of valid attachment considerations for mental health and spiritual well-being. A case study will be applied to the interviewing instrument to demonstrate its utility for broadening assessment beyond attachment figures to include surrogate attachments of other persons, places and things. A model of spiritual discernment derived from the Spiritual Exercises of Ignatius of Loyola will undergird this larger worldview of attachment considerations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This conceptual paper connects the literature on the experiences and needs of youth in therapeutic residential care, trauma-informed frameworks utilized in these settings, and early research on trauma-informed design to facilitate an understanding of these connections and move towards developing a blueprint for trauma-informed design in residential settings for traumatized youth. Methods: A critical literature review drawing on trauma theory, trauma-informed care, evidence-based design, and trauma-informed design was conducted to inform the argument presented in this conceptual paper. Results: While many therapeutic residential care models engage trauma-informed care approaches to support staff in promoting healing environments for youth who have histories of complex trauma, the focus has remained on the psychosocial environment of care, and has yet to be systematically applied to the design of the built environment in which these programs are implemented. By applying the principles of trauma-informed care to the built environment, trauma-informed design has the potential to reduce retraumatization and promote resiliency among youth in care. Conclusions: Ultimately, this conceptual paper illustrates the value of further developing trauma-informed design principles to apply to settings that serve traumatized youth, such as therapeutic residential care facilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the psychoanalytic training for clinical social workers in the U.S. The term psychoanalytic is used to describe mental phenomena and a method of treatment based on the assumption of an unconscious state in mental life. Psychoanalysis is viewed as a therapeutic method which aims at the revival and resolution of the deepest layers of infantile conflicts and correction of structural deficits. In the social worker's psychoanalytical training, it is important that it will include personal analysis so that there will be an exploration towards the patient's transferences.

The Family Paper Sculpture is a semi-projective task useful in family life education, in clinical work with families, and in research involving family system variables. Families or individuals are asked to make a picture of the family using round disks for individuals, red and black strips to show similarities and differences among individuals, and boundary markers to show individuals who are separate, or pairs, or groups of individuals who belong together. Examples are given which demonstrate the value of the technique for educational, therapeutic, and research purposes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mental health monitoring of seafarers is an important part of achieving normal development of the ocean shipping industry. In this paper, a dual subjective–objective testing scheme is proposed to achieve a more effective and intelligent assessment of seafarers' mental health status. Firstly, a new seafarers' mental health test scale (SMHT) is revised based on fuzzy factor analysis and the test data of 283 marine practitioners are analyzed using SPSS v24 software; secondly, this paper proposes an intelligent framework module for immersive subjective emotion extraction based on natural language processing, namely semantic summary extraction (SSE), speech emotion extraction (SEE), using hybrid scoring mechanism to obtain semantic and emotion matching values and assist the seafarer mental health scale to obtain the final correction score. The results showed that the assessment results of the SMHT scale exhibited good reliability (Cronbach's alpha of 0.852 ∈ (0.80 - 0.90) and retest reliability R of 0.873 ∈ (0.85 - 0.90) ) and scale association validity (for SCL-90, ( r = 0.468 - 0.841) > 0.45 ). In addition, the calibration rate of the subject-object dual test method was improved by approximately 12.05% compared to the traditional mental health scale. Finally, the advantages and disadvantages of this solution were compared with mental health testing techniques such as CAT, machine learning, SCL-90, and fMRI, and the method demonstrated more accurate psychological testing results, providing a simple and intelligent solution for standardized psychological testing of seafarers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]