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4. Saliva antiviral antibody levels are detectable but correlate poorly with serum antibody levels following SARS-CoV-2 infection and/or vaccination

Author

Faustini, Siân E., Cook, Alex, Hill, Harriet, Al-Taei, Saly, Heaney, Jennifer, Efstathiou, Elena, Tanner, Chloe, Townsend, Neal, Ahmed, Zahra, Dinally, Mohammad, Hoque, Madeeha, Goodall, Margaret, Stamataki, Zania, Plant, Timothy, Chapple, Iain, Cunningham, Adam F., Drayson, Mark T., Shields, Adrian M., and Richter, Alex G.

Published
2023
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5. SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Responses in Individuals with Antibody Deficiency: Findings from the COV-AD Study

Author

Shields, Adrian M., Faustini, Sian E., Hill, Harriet J., Al-Taei, Saly, Tanner, Chloe, Ashford, Fiona, Workman, Sarita, Moreira, Fernando, Verma, Nisha, Wagg, Hollie, Heritage, Gail, Campton, Naomi, Stamataki, Zania, Klenerman, Paul, Thaventhiran, James E. D., Goddard, Sarah, Johnston, Sarah, Huissoon, Aarnoud, Bethune, Claire, Elcombe, Suzanne, Lowe, David M., Patel, Smita Y., Savic, Sinisa, Burns, Siobhan O., and Richter, Alex G.

Published
2022
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7. Health Care Utilisation in a Cohort of Patients with Primary and Secondary Antibody Deficiency in the United Kingdom.

Author

Dimbleby, Benjamin, Greenway, Will, Burns, Siobhan O., Richter, Alex G., and Shields, Adrian M.

Subjects
MEDICAL care use, PRIMARY immunodeficiency diseases, HOSPITAL costs, INPATIENT care, SECONDARY care (Medicine)
Abstract

Introduction: This study investigates the frequency of hospital attendances, emergency care attendances and geographical influences on service interaction in cohorts of patients with primary and secondary antibody deficiency, to inform future service planning and delivery. Methods: The COVID-19 in Antibody Deficiency (COV-AD) study was a United Kingdom study that enrolled 525 participants between April 2021 and September 2022. Data on health care utilisation was extracted from a screening cohort of participants at one participating site (Birmingham, UK). Hospital attendance (i.e. all outpatient and inpatient care episodes, including hospital-based IVIG treatment) and emergency care attendance patterns were analysed. Geographical differences in travel times to hospitals and associated costs were considered for all participants at all recruiting sites. Results: Individuals with antibody deficiency had a median of 7 hospital attendances per year. A diagnosis of secondary antibody deficiency, and antibody deficiency severe enough to require treatment with immunoglobulin replacement were associated with an increased frequency of hospital attendance. 12.7% of the cohort attended the Emergency Department at least once in the preceding twelve months. Individuals with secondary antibody deficiency were at greater risk of requiring emergency care over the preceding one-year and five-year periods. Individuals receiving subcutaneous immunoglobulin lived further from their local immunology centre and were more likely to engage with the COV-AD research study remotely, via dried blood spots sampling. Conclusion: This study highlights the utilisation of emergency and secondary care usage amongst patient with immunodeficiency and may inform service adaptation and development to better accommodate patient needs and circumstances. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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9. Influence of individuals’ determinants including vaccine type on cellular and humoral responses to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination

Author

Chambers, Emma S., primary, Cai, Weigang, additional, Vivaldi, Giulia, additional, Jolliffe, David A., additional, Perdek, Natalia, additional, Li, Wenhao, additional, Faustini, Sian E., additional, Gibbons, Joseph M., additional, Pade, Corinna, additional, Richter, Alex G., additional, Coussens, Anna K., additional, and Martineau, Adrian R., additional

Published
2024
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11. Influence of age, sex, body habitus, vaccine type and anti-S serostatus on cellular and humoral responses to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination

Author

Chambers, Emma S, primary, Cai, Weigang, additional, Cousens, Anna K, additional, Vivaldi, Giulia, additional, Jolliffe, David A, additional, Perdek, Natalia, additional, Li, Wenhao, additional, Faustini, Sian E, additional, Gibbons, Joseph M, additional, Pade, Corinna, additional, Richter, Alex G, additional, and Martineau, Adrian R, additional

Published
2023
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12. Accelarated immune ageing is associated with COVID-19 disease severity.

Author

Lord, Janet M., Veenith, Tonny, Sullivan, Jack, Sharma-Oates, Archana, Richter, Alex G., Greening, Neil J., McAuley, Hamish J. C., Evans, Rachael A., Moss, Paul, Moore, Shona C., Turtle, Lance, Gautam, Nandan, Gilani, Ahmed, Bajaj, Manan, Wain, Louise V., Brightling, Christopher, Raman, Betty, Marks, Michael, Singapuri, Amisha, and Elneima, Omer

Subjects
COVID-19, MONONUCLEAR leukocytes, COVID-19 pandemic, KILLER cells, OLDER people
Abstract

Background: The striking increase in COVID-19 severity in older adults provides a clear example of immunesenescence, the age-related remodelling of the immune system. To better characterise the association between convalescent immunesenescence and acute disease severity, we determined the immune phenotype of COVID-19 survivors and non-infected controls. Results: We performed detailed immune phenotyping of peripheral blood mononuclear cells isolated from 103 COVID-19 survivors 3–5 months post recovery who were classified as having had severe (n = 56; age 53.12 ± 11.30 years), moderate (n = 32; age 52.28 ± 11.43 years) or mild (n = 15; age 49.67 ± 7.30 years) disease and compared with age and sex-matched healthy adults (n = 59; age 50.49 ± 10.68 years). We assessed a broad range of immune cell phenotypes to generate a composite score, IMM-AGE, to determine the degree of immune senescence. We found increased immunesenescence features in severe COVID-19 survivors compared to controls including: a reduced frequency and number of naïve CD4 and CD8 T cells (p < 0.0001); increased frequency of EMRA CD4 (p < 0.003) and CD8 T cells (p < 0.001); a higher frequency (p < 0.0001) and absolute numbers (p < 0.001) of CD28−ve CD57+ve senescent CD4 and CD8 T cells; higher frequency (p < 0.003) and absolute numbers (p < 0.02) of PD-1 expressing exhausted CD8 T cells; a two-fold increase in Th17 polarisation (p < 0.0001); higher frequency of memory B cells (p < 0.001) and increased frequency (p < 0.0001) and numbers (p < 0.001) of CD57+ve senescent NK cells. As a result, the IMM-AGE score was significantly higher in severe COVID-19 survivors than in controls (p < 0.001). Few differences were seen for those with moderate disease and none for mild disease. Regression analysis revealed the only pre-existing variable influencing the IMM-AGE score was South Asian ethnicity (β = 0.174, p = 0.043), with a major influence being disease severity (β = 0.188, p = 0.01). Conclusions: Our analyses reveal a state of enhanced immune ageing in survivors of severe COVID-19 and suggest this could be related to SARS-Cov-2 infection. Our data support the rationale for trials of anti-immune ageing interventions for improving clinical outcomes in these patients with severe disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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13. SARS-CoV-2 infection is associated with anti-desmoglein 2 autoantibody detection

Author

Ward, Kerensa E, primary, Steadman, Lora, additional, Karim, Abid R, additional, Reynolds, Gary M, additional, Pugh, Matthew, additional, Chua, Winnie, additional, Faustini, Sian E, additional, Veenith, Tonny, additional, Thwaites, Ryan S, additional, Openshaw, Peter J M, additional, Drayson, Mark T, additional, Shields, Adrian M, additional, Cunningham, Adam F, additional, Wraith, David C, additional, and Richter, Alex G, additional

Published
2023
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17. Long-Term Air Pollution Exposure and Risk of SARS-CoV-2 Infection and CPVOD-19 Severity: A UK-Wide Cohort Study (COVIDENCE UK)

Author

Hajmohammadi, Hajar, primary, Talaei, Mohammad, additional, Fecht, Daniela, additional, Wang, Weiyi, additional, Vivaldi, Giulia, additional, Faustini, Sian, additional, Richter, Alex G., additional, Shaheen, Seif O., additional, Martineau, Adrian R., additional, Sheikh, Aziz, additional, Mudway, Ian, additional, and Griffiths, Christopher J., additional

Published
2023
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18. Immunogenicity of SARSCoV2 Third Dose Vaccine Strategies in Immunocompromised Patients with Suboptimal Immunity Following Two Doses (OCTAVE-DUO): An Open-Label, Multi-Centre, Randomised, Controlled Phase III Trial

Author

Goodyear, Carl S., primary, Patel, Amit, additional, Barnes, Eleanor, additional, willicombe, michelle, additional, Siebert, Stefan, additional, de Silva, Thushan I., additional, Snowden, John A., additional, Lim, Sean, additional, Bowden, Sarah, additional, Billingham, Lucinda J., additional, Richter, Alex G., additional, Carroll, Miles W., additional, Carr, Edward J., additional, Beale, Rupert, additional, Rea, Daniel, additional, Parry, Helen, additional, Pirrie, Sarah, additional, Lim, Zixiang, additional, Satsangi, Jack, additional, Dunachie, Susanna, additional, Cook, Gordon, additional, Miller, Paul, additional, Basu, Neil, additional, Gilmour, Ashley, additional, Hodgkins, Anne-Marie, additional, Evans, Lili, additional, Hughes, Ana, additional, Longet, Stephanie, additional, Meacham, Georgina, additional, Yong, Kwee, additional, Ahearne, Matthew, additional, Koh, Mickey B. C., additional, Burns, Siobhan O., additional, Orchard, Kim, additional, Paterson, Caron, additional, McIlroy, Graham, additional, Murray, Sam M., additional, Thomson, Tina, additional, Dimitriadis, Stavros, additional, Goulston, Lyndsey, additional, Miller, Samantha, additional, Keillor, Victoria, additional, Prendecki, Maria, additional, Thomas, David, additional, Kirkham, Amanda, additional, McInnes, Iain, additional, and Kearns, Pamela, additional

Published
2023
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19. Supplemental Material - Anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies following vaccination are associated with lymphocyte count and serum immunoglobulins in SLE

Author

Reynolds, John A, Faustini, Sian E, Tosounidou, Sofia, Plant, Tim, Ubhi, Mandeep, Gilman, Rebecca, Richter, Alex G, and Gordon, Caroline

Subjects
111702 Aged Health Care, FOS: Health sciences
Abstract

Supplemental Material for Anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies following vaccination are associated with lymphocyte count and serum immunoglobulins in SLE by John A Reynolds, Sian E Faustini, Sofia Tosounidou, Tim Plant, Mandeep Ubhi, Rebecca Gilman, Alex G Richter and Caroline Gordon in Lupus

Published
2023
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20. The Impact of Lymphocyte Composition in the Stem Cell Harvest on Blood Lymphocytes 1-2 Weeks Post-Autologous Stem Cell Transplant for Newly Diagnosed Myeloma

Author

Dimbleby, Benjamin, primary, Zhelezniakova, Tatiana, additional, Richter, Alex G, additional, Pawlyn, Charlotte, additional, Jones, John R, additional, Jenner, Matthew W, additional, Cairns, David, additional, Menzies, Tom, additional, Gregory, Walter Martin, additional, Kaiser, Martin F., additional, Cook, Gordon, additional, Owen, Roger G, additional, Jackson, Graham, additional, Davies, Faith E, additional, Morgan, Gareth J., additional, and Drayson, Mark T, additional

Published
2022
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21. Determinants of Antibody Responses to SARS-CoV-2 Vaccines: Population-Based Longitudinal Study (COVIDENCE UK)

Author

Jolliffe, David A., primary, Faustini, Sian E., additional, Holt, Hayley, additional, Perdek, Natalia, additional, Maltby, Sheena, additional, Talaei, Mohammad, additional, Greenig, Matthew, additional, Vivaldi, Giulia, additional, Tydeman, Florence, additional, Symons, Jane, additional, Davies, Gwyneth A., additional, Lyons, Ronan A., additional, Griffiths, Christopher J., additional, Kee, Frank, additional, Sheikh, Aziz, additional, Shaheen, Seif O., additional, Richter, Alex G., additional, and Martineau, Adrian R., additional

Published
2022
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22. Impact of vaccination on hospitalization and mortality from COVID-19 in patients with primary and secondary immunodeficiency: The United Kingdom experience

Author

Shields, Adrian M., primary, Tadros, Susan, additional, Al-Hakim, Adam, additional, Nell, Jeremy M., additional, Lin, Me Me Nay, additional, Chan, Michele, additional, Goddard, Sarah, additional, Dempster, John, additional, Dziadzio, Magdalena, additional, Patel, Smita Y., additional, Elkalifa, Shuayb, additional, Huissoon, Aarnoud, additional, Duncan, Christopher J. A., additional, Herwadkar, Archana, additional, Khan, Sujoy, additional, Bethune, Claire, additional, Elcombe, Suzanne, additional, Thaventhiran, James, additional, Klenerman, Paul, additional, Lowe, David M., additional, Savic, Sinisa, additional, Burns, Siobhan O., additional, and Richter, Alex G., additional

Published
2022
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23. Vitamin D Supplementation Does Not Influence SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Efficacy or Immunogenicity: Sub-Studies Nested within the CORONAVIT Randomised Controlled Trial

Author

Jolliffe, David A., primary, Vivaldi, Giulia, additional, Chambers, Emma S., additional, Cai, Weigang, additional, Li, Wenhao, additional, Faustini, Sian E., additional, Gibbons, Joseph M., additional, Pade, Corinna, additional, Coussens, Anna K., additional, Richter, Alex G., additional, McKnight, Áine, additional, and Martineau, Adrian R., additional

Published
2022
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24. Effect of a test-and-treat approach to vitamin D supplementation on risk of all cause acute respiratory tract infection and covid-19: phase 3 randomised controlled trial (CORONAVIT)

Author

Jolliffe, David A, primary, Holt, Hayley, additional, Greenig, Matthew, additional, Talaei, Mohammad, additional, Perdek, Natalia, additional, Pfeffer, Paul, additional, Vivaldi, Giulia, additional, Maltby, Sheena, additional, Symons, Jane, additional, Barlow, Nicola L, additional, Normandale, Alexa, additional, Garcha, Rajvinder, additional, Richter, Alex G, additional, Faustini, Sian E, additional, Orton, Christopher, additional, Ford, David, additional, Lyons, Ronan A, additional, Davies, Gwyneth A, additional, Kee, Frank, additional, Griffiths, Christopher J, additional, Norrie, John, additional, Sheikh, Aziz, additional, Shaheen, Seif O, additional, Relton, Clare, additional, and Martineau, Adrian R, additional

Published
2022
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25. Vitamin D status: a U-shaped relationship for SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity in UK healthcare workers

Author

Lugg, Sebastian T, primary, Mackay, William R, additional, Faniyi, Aduragbemi A, additional, Faustini, Sian E, additional, Webster, Craig, additional, Duffy, Joanne E, additional, Hewison, Martin, additional, Shields, Adrian M, additional, Parekh, Dhruv, additional, Richter, Alex G, additional, Scott, Aaron, additional, and Thickett, David R, additional

Published
2022
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26. Dose reductions in immunoglobulin replacement are associated with increased antibiotic usage in patients with antibody deficiency.

Author

Elhaj, Mohammed Omer, Richter, Alex G., Goddard, Sarah, and Shields, Adrian M.

Subjects
*PELVIC inflammatory disease, *PLASMA cell diseases, *PRIMARY immunodeficiency diseases, *PLASMA products
Abstract

.83 ht 1 Abbreviations: IgG, immunoglobulin G; IgRT, immunoglobulin replacement therapy; IQR, interquartile range. We demonstrate that, in previously stable patients, IgRT dose reductions lead to a reduction in trough IgG, which is associated with an increased frequency of infections requiring outpatient antibiotic use. [Extracted from the article]

Published
2023
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27. Correlation Between Postvaccination Anti-Spike Antibody Titers and Protection Against Breakthrough Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection: A Population-Based Longitudinal Study

Author

Vivaldi, Giulia, primary, Jolliffe, David A, additional, Faustini, Sian, additional, Shields, Adrian M, additional, Holt, Hayley, additional, Perdek, Natalia, additional, Talaei, Mohammad, additional, Tydeman, Florence, additional, Chambers, Emma S, additional, Cai, Weigang, additional, Li, Wenhao, additional, Gibbons, Joseph M, additional, Pade, Corinna, additional, McKnight, Áine, additional, Shaheen, Seif O, additional, Richter, Alex G, additional, and Martineau, Adrian R, additional

Published
2022
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28. SARS-CoV-2 infection is associated with anti-desmoglein 2 autoantibody detection

Author

Ward, Kerensa E, primary, Steadman, Lora, additional, Karim, Abid R, additional, Reynolds, Gary M, additional, Pugh, Matthew, additional, Chua, Winnie, additional, Faustini, Sian E, additional, Veenith, Tonny, additional, Thwaites, Ryan S, additional, Openshaw, Peter JM, additional, Drayson, Mark T, additional, Shields, Adrian M, additional, Cunningham, Adam F, additional, Wraith, David C., additional, and Richter, Alex G, additional

Published
2022
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30. SARS-CoV-2 Spike- and Nucleoprotein-Specific Antibodies Induced After Vaccination or Infection Promote Classical Complement Activation

Author

Lamerton, Rachel E., primary, Marcial-Juarez, Edith, additional, Faustini, Sian E., additional, Perez-Toledo, Marisol, additional, Goodall, Margaret, additional, Jossi, Siân E., additional, Newby, Maddy L., additional, Chapple, Iain, additional, Dietrich, Thomas, additional, Veenith, Tonny, additional, Shields, Adrian M., additional, Harper, Lorraine, additional, Henderson, Ian R., additional, Rayes, Julie, additional, Wraith, David C., additional, Watson, Steve P., additional, Crispin, Max, additional, Drayson, Mark T., additional, Richter, Alex G., additional, and Cunningham, Adam F., additional

Published
2022
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31. Preferential uptake of SARS-CoV-2 by pericytes potentiates vascular damage and permeability in an organoid model of the microvasculature

Author

Khan, Abdullah O, primary, Reyat, Jasmeet S, additional, Hill, Harriet, additional, Bourne, Joshua H, additional, Colicchia, Martina, additional, Newby, Maddy L, additional, Allen, Joel D, additional, Crispin, Max, additional, Youd, Esther, additional, Murray, Paul G, additional, Taylor, Graham, additional, Stamataki, Zania, additional, Richter, Alex G, additional, Cunningham, Adam F, additional, Pugh, Matthew, additional, and Rayes, Julie, additional

Published
2022
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32. Increased seroprevalence and improved antibody responses following third primary SARS-CoV-2 immunisation: an update from the COV-AD study

Author

Shields, Adrian M, primary, Faustini, Sian E., additional, Hill, Harriet J., additional, Al-Taei, Saly, additional, Tanner, Chloe, additional, Ashford, Fiona, additional, Workman, Sarita, additional, Moreira, Fernando, additional, Verma, Nisha, additional, Wagg, Hollie, additional, Heritage, Gail, additional, Campton, Naomi, additional, Stamataki, Zania, additional, Drayson, Mark T., additional, Klenerman, Paul, additional, Thaventhiran, James E. D., additional, Elkhalifa, Shuayb, additional, Goddard, Sarah, additional, Johnston, Sarah, additional, Huissoon, Aarnoud, additional, Bethune, Claire, additional, Elcombe, Suzanne, additional, Lowe, David M., additional, Patel, Smita Y., additional, Savic, Sinisa, additional, Richter, Alex G., additional, Burns, Siobhan O., additional, and Consortium, COVAD, additional

Published
2022
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33. Vitamin D Supplements for Prevention of COVID-19 or other Acute Respiratory Infections: a Phase 3 Randomised Controlled Trial (CORONAVIT)

Author

Jolliffe, David A., primary, Holt, Hayley, additional, Greenig, Matthew, additional, Talaei, Mohammad, additional, Perdek, Natalia, additional, Pfeffer, Paul, additional, Vivaldi, Giulia, additional, Maltby, Sheena, additional, Symons, Jane, additional, Barlow, Nicola L., additional, Normandale, Alexa, additional, Garcha, Rajvinder, additional, Richter, Alex G., additional, Faustini, Sian E., additional, Orton, Christopher, additional, Ford, David, additional, Lyons, Ronan A., additional, Davies, Gwyneth A., additional, Kee, Frank, additional, Griffiths, Christopher J., additional, Norrie, John, additional, Sheikh, Aziz, additional, Shaheen, Seif O., additional, Relton, Clare, additional, and Martineau, Adrian R., additional

Published
2022
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34. Additional file 1 of Determinants of pre-vaccination antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2: a population-based longitudinal study (COVIDENCE UK)

Author

Talaei, Mohammad, Faustini, Sian, Holt, Hayley, Jolliffe, David A., Vivaldi, Giulia, Greenig, Matthew, Perdek, Natalia, Maltby, Sheena, Bigogno, Carola M., Symons, Jane, Davies, Gwyneth A., Lyons, Ronan A., Griffiths, Christopher J., Kee, Frank, Sheikh, Aziz, Richter, Alex G., Shaheen, Seif O., and Martineau, Adrian R.

Abstract

Additional file 1: Table S1. Baseline questions. Table S2. Monthly follow-up questions. Table S3. Factors with no evidence of association with seropositivity for COVID-19 in minimally adjusted model. Table S4. Seropositivity sensitivity analysis excluding participants with symptom-defined probable COVID-19. Table S5. Factors with no evidence of association with antibody titres in seropositive participants in minimally adjusted model.

Published
2022
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35. Determinants of antibody responses to two doses of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 or BNT162b2 and a subsequent booster dose of BNT162b2 or mRNA-1273: population-based cohort study (COVIDENCE UK)

Author

Jolliffe, David A, primary, Faustini, Sian E, additional, Holt, Hayley, additional, Perdek, Natalia, additional, Maltby, Sheena, additional, Talaei, Mohammad, additional, Greenig, Matthew, additional, Vivaldi, Giulia, additional, Tydeman, Florence, additional, Symons, Jane, additional, Davies, Gwyneth A, additional, Lyons, Ronan A, additional, Griffiths, Christopher J, additional, Kee, Frank, additional, Sheikh, Aziz, additional, Shaheen, Seif O, additional, Richter, Alex G, additional, and Martineau, Adrian R, additional

Published
2022
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36. Correlation between post-vaccination titres of combined IgG, IgA, and IgM anti-Spike antibodies and protection against breakthrough SARS-CoV-2 infection: a population-based longitudinal study (COVIDENCE UK)

Author

Vivaldi, Giulia, primary, Jolliffe, David A, additional, Faustini, Sian, additional, Holt, Hayley, additional, Perdek, Natalia, additional, Talaei, Mohammad, additional, Tydeman, Florence, additional, Chambers, Emma S, additional, Cai, Weigang, additional, Li, Wenhao, additional, Gibbons, Joseph M, additional, Pade, Corinna, additional, McKnight, Áine, additional, Shaheen, Seif O, additional, Richter, Alex G, additional, and Martineau, Adrian R, additional

Published
2022
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37. Outcomes following SARS-CoV-2 infection in patients with primary and secondary immunodeficiency in the UK

Author

Shields, Adrian M, primary, Anantharachagan, Ariharan, additional, Arumugakani, Gururaj, additional, Baker, Kenneth, additional, Bahal, Sameer, additional, Baxendale, Helen, additional, Bermingham, William, additional, Bhole, Malini, additional, Boules, Evon, additional, Bright, Philip, additional, Chopra, Charu, additional, Cliffe, Lucy, additional, Cleave, Betsy, additional, Dempster, John, additional, Devlin, Lisa, additional, Dhalla, Fatima, additional, Diwakar, Lavanya, additional, Drewe, Elizabeth, additional, Duncan, Christopher, additional, Dziadzio, Magdalena, additional, Elcombe, Suzanne, additional, Elkhalifa, Shuayb, additional, Gennery, Andrew, additional, Ghanta, Harichandrana, additional, Goddard, Sarah, additional, Grigoriadou, Sofia, additional, Hackett, Scott, additional, Hayman, Grant, additional, Herriot, Richard, additional, Herwadkar, Archana, additional, Huissoon, Aarnoud, additional, Jain, Rashmi, additional, Jolles, Stephen, additional, Johnston, Sarah, additional, Khan, Sujoy, additional, Laffan, James, additional, Lane, Peter, additional, Leeman, Lucy, additional, Lowe, David M, additional, Mahabir, Shanti, additional, Lochlainn, Dylan James Mac, additional, McDermott, Elizabeth, additional, Misbah, Siraj, additional, Moghaddas, Fiona, additional, Morsi, Hadeil, additional, Murng, Sai, additional, Noorani, Sadia, additional, O’Brien, Rachael, additional, Patel, Smita, additional, Price, Arthur, additional, Rahman, Tasneem, additional, Seneviratne, Suranjith, additional, Shrimpton, Anna, additional, Stroud, Catherine, additional, Thomas, Moira, additional, Townsend, Katie, additional, Vaitla, Prashantha, additional, Verma, Nisha, additional, Williams, Anthony, additional, Burns, Siobhan O, additional, Savic, Sinisa, additional, and Richter, Alex G, additional

Published
2022
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38. SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Responses in Individuals with Antibody Deficiency: Findings From The COV-AD Study

Author

Shields, Adrian M, primary, Faustini, Sian E., additional, Hill, Harriet J., additional, Al-Taei, Saly, additional, Tanner, Chloe, additional, Ashford, Fiona, additional, Workman, Sarita, additional, Moreira, Fernando, additional, Verma, Nisha, additional, Wagg, Hollie, additional, Heritage, Gail, additional, Campton, Naomi, additional, Stamataki, Zania, additional, Klenerman, Paul, additional, Goddard, Sarah, additional, Johnston, Sarah, additional, Huissoon, Aarnoud, additional, Bethune, Claire, additional, Elcombe, Suzanne, additional, Lowe, David M., additional, Patel, Smita Y., additional, Savic, Sinisa, additional, Burns, Siobhan O., additional, Richter, Alex G., additional, and Consortium, COV-AD, additional

Published
2022
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39. Determinants of Antibody Responses to Two Doses of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 or Bnt162b2 and a Subsequent Booster Dose of BNT162b2 or mRNA-1273: Population-Based Cohort Study (COVIDENCE UK)

Author

Jolliffe, David, primary, Faustini, Sian, additional, Holt, Hayley, additional, Perdek, Natalia, additional, Maltby, Sheena, additional, Talaei, Mohammad, additional, Greenig, Matthew, additional, Vivaldi, Giulia, additional, Tydeman, Florence, additional, Symons, Jane, additional, Davies, Gwyneth A., additional, Lyons, Ronan A., additional, Griffiths, Christopher J., additional, Kee, Frank, additional, Sheikh, Aziz, additional, Shaheen, Seif O., additional, Richter, Alex G., additional, and Martineau, Adrian R., additional

Published
2022
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40. Glycosylation and Serological Reactivity of an Expression-enhanced SARS-CoV-2 Viral Spike Mimetic

Author

Chawla, Himanshi, primary, Jossi, Sian E., additional, Faustini, Sian E., additional, Samsudin, Firdaus, additional, Allen, Joel D., additional, Watanabe, Yasunori, additional, Newby, Maddy L., additional, Marcial-Juárez, Edith, additional, Lamerton, Rachel E., additional, McLellan, Jason S., additional, Bond, Peter J., additional, Richter, Alex G., additional, Cunningham, Adam F., additional, and Crispin, Max, additional

Published
2022
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41. Cross reactivity of spike glycoprotein induced antibody against Delta and Omicron variants before and after third SARS-CoV-2 vaccine dose

Author

Faustini, Sian E, primary, Shields, Adrian M, additional, Banham, Gemma, additional, Wall, Nadezhda, additional, Al-Taei, Saly, additional, Tanner, Chloe, additional, Ahmed, Zahra, additional, Efstathiou, Elena, additional, Townsend, Neal, additional, Plant, Tim, additional, Perez-Toledo, Marisol, additional, Jasiulewicz, Aleksandra, additional, Price, Ruth, additional, McLaughlin, James, additional, Farnan, John, additional, Moore, Julie, additional, Robertson, Louise, additional, Nesbit, Andrew, additional, Curry, Grace, additional, Black, Amy, additional, Cunningham, Adam F, additional, Harper, Lorraine, additional, Moore, Tara, additional, Drayson, Mark T, additional, and Richter, Alex G, additional

Published
2022
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42. Evolution of Long-Term Hybrid Immunity in Healthcare Workers after Different Covid-19 Vaccination Regimens: A Longitudinal Observational Cohort Study

Author

Moore, Shona, primary, Kronsteiner, Barbara, additional, Longet, Stephanie, additional, Adele, Sandra, additional, Deeks, Alexandra, additional, Liu, Chang, additional, Dejnirattisai, Wanwisa, additional, Silva Reyes, Laura, additional, Meardon, Naomi, additional, Faustini, Sian, additional, Al-Taei, Saly, additional, Tipton, Tom, additional, Hering, Luisa M., additional, Angyal, Adrienn, additional, Brown, Rebecca, additional, Nicols, Alexander R., additional, Dobson, Sue L., additional, Supasa, Piyada, additional, Tuekprakhon, Aekkachai, additional, Cross, Andrew, additional, Tyerman, Jessica K., additional, Hornsby, Hailey, additional, Grouneva, Irina, additional, Plowright, Megan, additional, Zhang, Peijun, additional, Newman, Thomas, additional, Nell, Jeremy M., additional, Abraham, Priyanka, additional, Ali, Mohammad, additional, Malone, Tom, additional, Neale, Isabel, additional, Phillips, Eloise, additional, Wilson, Joseph D., additional, Murray, Sam M., additional, Shields, Adrian, additional, Horner, Emily C., additional, Booth, Lucy H., additional, Stafford, Lizzie, additional, Bibi, Sagida, additional, Wootton, Dan G., additional, Mentzer, Alexander J., additional, Conlon, Christopher P., additional, Jeffery, Katie, additional, Matthews, Philippa C., additional, Pollard, Andrew J., additional, Brown, Anthony, additional, Rowland-Jones, Sarah L., additional, Mongkolspaya, Juthathip, additional, Payne, Rebecca P., additional, Dold, Christina, additional, Lambe, Teresa, additional, Thaventhiran, James, additional, Screaton, Gavin R., additional, Barnes, Eleanor, additional, Hopkins, Susan, additional, Hall, Victoria Jane, additional, Duncan, Christopher JA, additional, Richter, Alex G., additional, Carroll, Miles W., additional, de Silva, Thushan I., additional, Klenerman, Paul, additional, Dunachie, Susanna, additional, Turtle, Lance, additional, and Consortium, PITCH, additional

Published
2022
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43. SARS-CoV-2 vaccine responses following CD20-depletion treatment in patients with haematological and rheumatological disease: a West Midlands Research Consortium study

Author

Shields, Adrian M, primary, Venkatachalam, Srinivasan, additional, Shafeek, Salim, additional, Paneesha, Shankara, additional, Ford, Mark, additional, Sheeran, Tom, additional, Kelly, Melanie, additional, Qureshi, Iman, additional, Salhan, Beena, additional, Karim, Farheen, additional, De Silva, Neelakshi, additional, Stones, Jacqueline, additional, Lee, Sophie, additional, Khawaja, Jahanzeb, additional, Kaudlay, Praveen Kumar, additional, Whitmill, Richard, additional, Kakepoto, Ghulam Nabi, additional, Parry, Helen M, additional, Moss, Paul, additional, Faustini, Sian E, additional, Richter, Alex G, additional, Drayson, Mark T, additional, and Basu, Supratik, additional

Published
2021
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44. In vitro, classical complement activation differs by disease severity and between SARS-CoV-2 antigens

Author

Lamerton, Rachel E, primary, Marcial Juarez, Edith, additional, Faustini, Sian E, additional, Perez-Toledo, Marisol E, additional, Goodall, Margaret, additional, Jossi, Sian E, additional, Newby, Maddy L, additional, Chapple, Iain, additional, Dietrich, Thomas, additional, Veenith, Tonny, additional, Shields, Adrian M, additional, Harper, Lorraine, additional, Henderson, Ian R, additional, Rayes, Julie, additional, Wraith, David C, additional, Watson, Steve P, additional, Crispin, Max, additional, Drayson, Mark T, additional, Richter, Alex G, additional, and Cunningham, Adam F, additional

Published
2021
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45. Vaccine Efficacy after Rituximab Exposure: First Interim Analysis of Virtue Project on Behalf of West Midlands Research Consortium, UK

Author

Shields, Adrian M, primary, Venkatachalam, Srinivasan, additional, Paneesha, Shankara, additional, Ford, Mark, additional, Sheeran, Tom, additional, Kelly, Melanie, additional, Karim, Farheen, additional, Qureshi, Iman, additional, Salhan, Beena, additional, DeSilva, Neelakshi, additional, Stones, Jacqueline, additional, Lee, Sophie, additional, Khawaja, Jahanzeb, additional, Kaudlay, Praveen Kumar, additional, Whitmill, Richard, additional, Nabikakepoto, Ghulam, additional, Faustini, Sian E, additional, Richter, Alex G, additional, Drayson, Mark T, additional, and Basu, Supratik, additional

Published
2021
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46. Determinants of pre-vaccination antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2: a population-based longitudinal study (COVIDENCE UK)

Author

Talaei, Mohammad, primary, Faustini, Sian, additional, Holt, Hayley, additional, Jolliffe, David A., additional, Vivaldi, Giulia, additional, Greenig, Matthew, additional, Perdek, Natalia, additional, Maltby, Sheena, additional, Bigogno, Carola M, additional, Symons, Jane, additional, Davies, Gwyneth A, additional, Lyons, Ronan A, additional, Griffiths, Christopher J, additional, Kee, Frank, additional, Sheikh, Aziz, additional, Richter, Alex G, additional, Shaheen, Seif O, additional, and Martineau, Adrian R, additional

Published
2021
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48. Tu1866 SALIVARY MICROBIOTA COMPOSITION IS ASSOCIATED WITH ANTIBODY RESPONSE FOLLOWING COVID-19 VACCINATION IN PATIENTS WITH INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE, CIRRHOSIS AND LIVER TRANSPLANTATION

Author

Mullish, Benjamin H., Danckert, Nathan P., Patel, Ria, Irwin, Sophie L., Dimitriadis, Stavros, Murray, Sam M., Forlano, Roberta, Roberts, Lauren, Blanco, Jesus Miguens, Faustini, Sian, Richter, Alex G., Powell, Nick, Thursz, Mark R., Manousou, Pinelopi, Barnes, Eleanor, Marchesi, Julian, Marjot, Thomas, and Alexander, James L.

Published
2023
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49. Randomized controlled trial of molnupiravir SARS-CoV-2 viral and antibody response in at-risk adult outpatients.

Author

Standing JF, Buggiotti L, Guerra-Assuncao JA, Woodall M, Ellis S, Agyeman AA, Miller C, Okechukwu M, Kirkpatrick E, Jacobs AI, Williams CA, Roy S, Martin-Bernal LM, Williams R, Smith CM, Sanderson T, Ashford FB, Emmanuel B, Afzal ZM, Shields A, Richter AG, Dorward J, Gbinigie O, Van Hecke O, Lown M, Francis N, Jani B, Richards DB, Rahman NM, Yu LM, Thomas NPB, Hart ND, Evans P, Andersson M, Hayward G, Hood K, Nguyen-Van-Tam JS, Little P, Hobbs FDR, Khoo S, Butler C, Lowe DM, and Breuer J

Subjects
Adult, Humans, Outpatients, Antibody Formation, Antibodies, Viral, Antiviral Agents therapeutic use, SARS-CoV-2 genetics, COVID-19, Cytidine analogs & derivatives, Hydroxylamines
Abstract

Viral clearance, antibody response and the mutagenic effect of molnupiravir has not been elucidated in at-risk populations. Non-hospitalised participants within 5 days of SARS-CoV-2 symptoms randomised to receive molnupiravir (n = 253) or Usual Care (n = 324) were recruited to study viral and antibody dynamics and the effect of molnupiravir on viral whole genome sequence from 1437 viral genomes. Molnupiravir accelerates viral load decline, but virus is detectable by Day 5 in most cases. At Day 14 (9 days post-treatment), molnupiravir is associated with significantly higher viral persistence and significantly lower anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike antibody titres compared to Usual Care. Serial sequencing reveals increased mutagenesis with molnupiravir treatment. Persistence of detectable viral RNA at Day 14 in the molnupiravir group is associated with higher transition mutations following treatment cessation. Viral viability at Day 14 is similar in both groups with post-molnupiravir treated samples cultured up to 9 days post cessation of treatment. The current 5-day molnupiravir course is too short. Longer courses should be tested to reduce the risk of potentially transmissible molnupiravir-mutated variants being generated. Trial registration: ISRCTN30448031., (© 2024. The Author(s).)

Published
2024
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50. Increased Seroprevalence and Improved Antibody Responses Following Third Primary SARS-CoV-2 Immunisation: An Update From the COV-AD Study.

Author

Shields AM, Faustini SE, Hill HJ, Al-Taei S, Tanner C, Ashford F, Workman S, Moreira F, Verma N, Wagg H, Heritage G, Campton N, Stamataki Z, Drayson MT, Klenerman P, Thaventhiran JED, Elkhalifa S, Goddard S, Johnston S, Huissoon A, Bethune C, Elcombe S, Lowe DM, Patel SY, Savic S, Richter AG, and Burns SO

Subjects
Antibodies, Viral, Antibody Formation, COVID-19 Vaccines, ChAdOx1 nCoV-19, Humans, SARS-CoV-2, Seroepidemiologic Studies, Vaccination, COVID-19, Viral Vaccines
Abstract

Background: Patients with primary and secondary antibody deficiency are vulnerable to COVID-19 and demonstrate diminished responses following two-dose SARS-CoV-2 vaccine schedules. Third primary vaccinations have been deployed to enhance their humoral and cellular immunity., Objectives: To determine the immunogenicity of the third primary SARS-CoV-2 immunisation in a heterogeneous cohort of patients with antibody deficiency., Methods: Participants enrolled in the COV-AD study were sampled before and after their third vaccine dose. Serological and cellular responses were determined using ELISA, live-virus neutralisation and ELISPOT assays., Results: Following a two-dose schedule, 100% of healthy controls mounted a serological response to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination, however, 38.6% of individuals with antibody deficiency remained seronegative. A third primary SARS-CoV-2 vaccine significantly increased anti-spike glycoprotein antibody seroprevalence from 61.4% to 76.0%, the magnitude of the antibody response, its neutralising capacity and induced seroconversion in individuals who were seronegative after two vaccine doses. Vaccine-induced serological responses were broadly cross-reactive against the SARS-CoV-2 B.1.1.529 variant of concern, however, seroprevalence and antibody levels remained significantly lower than healthy controls. No differences in serological responses were observed between individuals who received AstraZeneca ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 and Pfizer BioNTech 162b2 during their initial two-dose vaccine schedule. SARS-CoV-2 infection-naive participants who had received a heterologous vaccine as a third dose were significantly more likely to have a detectable T cell response following their third vaccine dose (61.5% vs 11.1%)., Conclusion: These data support the widespread use of third primary immunisations to enhance humoral immunity against SARS-CoV-2 in individuals with antibody deficiency., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2022 Shields, Faustini, Hill, Al-Taei, Tanner, Ashford, Workman, Moreira, Verma, Wagg, Heritage, Campton, Stamataki, Drayson, Klenerman, Thaventhiran, Elkhalifa, Goddard, Johnston, Huissoon, Bethune, Elcombe, Lowe, Patel, Savic, Richter, Burns and the COV-AD consortium.)

Published
2022
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