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The development of remote sensing systems is considered an important innovation in supporting the optimization of today's food crop production, especially the development of sensor technology that can capture detailed variations in plant information. On the other hand, Sago is one of the food crops that is considered to have the potential for development to improve the community's economy and increase global food security. The main objective of this study is to extract the morphological characteristics, morphometry, and distribution patterns of sago in the optimal harvest phase in non-cultivated areas. Very high-resolution Drone imagery was produced through recording with a flight height of 50 meters above the ground using the DJI Mavic 3 Pro. Samples of sago stand coordinates in the optimal harvest phase were collected through field observations. The characteristics of each sample were extracted through a visual interpretation approach and the nearest neighbor analysis technique. The results showed that the morphological and morphometric characteristics of sago stands in the optimal harvest phase can be assessed from Drone Imagery. Each sample shows the same pattern with the shape of trees, leaflets, and canopies that stand out in one clump and have 3-6 young leaflets. The average morphometric parameters of the optimal harvest phase showed low correlation and were randomly distributed with very sparse distances between stands (around 7 trees/ha).

An effort that might be made to prevent complications of Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is by increasing peripheral blood circulation through the Buerger Allen exercise (BAE). Previous studies recommend reviewing the standard procedure of the BAE. Research related to the review of the effectiveness of BAE application on type 2 DM, which is summarized from various studies in latest original research is still lacking. The aim of this study is to describe the standard form of the Buerger Allen implementation that has been evaluated its effectiveness in patients with type 2 DM patients with complications. This literature review was performed with PICO keywords in 4 databases, including PubMed, Springer Link, Wiley Online Library, and Google Scholar in 2011-2022. We have concluded that the standard procedure for implementing the BAE consists of 5 stages and three main steps for each cycle. The steps are supine position (pre-exercise), elevation, Hanging, flexion-extension, and horizontal (post-exercise) steps. Each session consists of at least 3 to 6 cycles with approximately 30 minutes. Fifteen articles analyzed showed significant changes in lower peripheral perfusion of patients with type 2 DM. BAE is a simple non-pharmacological intervention that is considered an effective method for managing lower peripheral perfusion.

Manusia memiliki aspek afektif yang penting dalam kehidupan yang mengacu pada perasaan, emosi, dan suasana hati. Namun, terdapat kondisi ketika individu mengalami penyusutan kemampuan untuk merasakan dan menggambarkan emosi yang disebut dengan alexithymia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendefinisikan parameter deskriptif publikasi, mengilustrasikan pola sitasi, mengekstrak kata kunci penulis, dan mengevaluasi kinerja penelitian dengan topik alexithymia. Data diperoleh dari basis data Scopus sebanyak 3.130 artikel dengan mengeksplorasi tren penelitian alexithymia hingga tahun 2023. Analisis ini merupakan analisis bibliometrik yang dilakukan dengan bantuan program Bibliometrix R-Package dan VOSviewer. Hasil penelitian ini menggambarkan pemetaan penelitian terkait alexithymia dengan mengidentifikasi penulis yang paling berpengaruh, universitas, negara yang paling produktif terkait alexithymia, tren topik penelitian terkait alexithymia, dan perkembangan penelitian alexithymia. Tema penelitian meliputi pengukuran, dampak pada anak-anak, dan kesejahteraan psikologis. Sumber literatur yang terbatas menekankan perlunya penelitian lebih lanjut. Hasil penelitian ini memetakan literatur, mengidentifikasi tren, memberikan panduan untuk penelitian di masa depan, dan meningkatkan kebijakan kesehatan mental di Indonesia, khususnya terkait alexithymia.

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The application of ceramic-based Microbial Fuel Cells (MFCs) for the treatment of tofu liquid waste presents a promising and environmentally sustainable approach. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of adding variations in substrate concentration and to determine the effect of variations in the surface area of the electrode (anode and cathode), resulting in a maximum power density value for a period of 13 days of measurement. The initial step is measuring the voltage and current with the substrate concentration without a dilution process, then the concentration variations are carried out by dilution 10 times, 8 times, 5 times, 4 times, and 2 times on ceramics with a diameter of 8 cm. The second step is measuring the voltage and current by varying the surface area of the electrodes (cathode and anode). The results of the measurements obtained that the maximum power density value obtained was 188.23 mW/m2 without a dilution process, namely with a concentration of 3640 ppm for the third day. Meanwhile, the results of the measurement of the variation of the electrode surface area obtained a maximum power density value of 205.88 mW/m2 on the electrode surface area of 3.57 m2 for the third day. The more surface area of the electrode given at the time of measurement, the more bacteria contact the electrode, causing the resulting power density value to be even greater.

The study of hermeneutics has recently become an academic focus, especially in Islamic thought and tafsir (Interpretation) circles. Because hermeneutics offers a methodology in interpreting the text of the Koran. However, not all figures use hermeneutics as a method of interpretation, more there are those who do not accept the presence of hermeneutics as a method of interpretation, this means that hermeneutics has a very negative impression in Muhammad Imarah perspective, so they criticize epistemological reasoning for the presence of hermeneutics as a theory of interpretation. Specifically, there are several fundamental aspects which are the focus point of this research, namely, First, what is the concept of hermeneutics? Second, what is the epistemology of Muhammad Imarah thinking regarding hermeneutics? This type of research is literature review-based research (Library Research) by analyzing research sources, books, journals and relevant references to answer the problems in the research. The result of this research is that Muhammad Imarah view of hermeneutics is underestimated and considers hermeneutics to be a western theory that cannot be applied in understanding the Koran, let alone in the realm of interpreting. Imarah discredits the view and understanding that in hermeneutics the position of every reader is very special and plays an important role, Imarah calls it a deified position, while the author himself is considered to be gone (dead) and the meaning and purpose that the author wants to convey are considered non-existent. Imarah's view of hermeneutics is the same as Imarah pattern of viewing other traditions and civilizations originating from the west which is not accepted by Islam and therein lies the deficiency of an Islamic thinker who is in fact a professor in the field of Islamic philosophy

Nasrul Wathoni,1 Cecep Suhandi,1 Muhammad Fadhil Ghassani Purnama,1 Annisa Mutmainnah,1 Neng Sani Nurbaniyah,1 Desra Widdy Syafra,1 Khaled M Elamin2 1Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, 45363, Indonesia; 2Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, 862-0973, JapanCorrespondence: Nasrul Wathoni, Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, 45363, Indonesia, Tel +62-22-842-888-888, Email nasrul@unpad.ac.idAbstract: Untreated topical infections can become chronic, posing serious health issues. Optimal skin adherence is crucial in addressing such infections. In this context, chitosan and alginate emerge as promising candidates for use as a foundation in the development of topical hydrogels. The aim of this review is to examine the literature on topical hydrogel formulations that use chitosan and alginate as foundations, specifically in the context of topical antibacterial agents. The research methodology involves a literature review by examining articles published in databases such as PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar. The keywords employed during the research were “Alginate”, “Chitosan”, “Hydrogel”, and “Antibacterial”. Chitosan and alginate serve as bases in topical hydrogels to deliver various active ingredients, particularly antibacterial agents, as indicated by the search results. Both have demonstrated significant antibacterial effectiveness, as evidenced by a reduction in bacterial colony counts and an increase in inhibition zones. This strongly supports the idea that chitosan and alginate could be used together to make topical hydrogels that kill bacteria that work well. In conclusion, chitosan and alginate-based hydrogels show great potential in treating bacterial infections on the skin surface. The incorporation of chitosan and alginate into hydrogel formulations aids in retaining antibacterial agents, allowing for their gradual release over an optimal period. Therefore, hydrogels specifically formulated with chitosan and alginate have the potential to serve as a solution to address challenges in the treatment of topical bacterial infections.Keywords: Alginate, chitosan, hydrogel, topical, antibacterial agent

The research aims to show the relationship between the consumer price index (CPI) and inflation on the BI7DRR level. This research uses a quantitative descriptive approach. The data used in this research analysis is secondary data. The population in this study is all Indonesian CPI, inflation, and BI7DRR time series data. The sampling technique for this research uses purposive sampling, namely time series data on CPI, inflation, and Indonesia's BI7DRR from January 2020 to June 2023. The research results show that the CPI has an insignificant negative effect on BI7DRR. Inflation has a significant positive effect on BI7DRR. CPI and inflation have a significant effect on BI7DRR. The results of this research can be used to determine the relationship between CPI and inflation about BI7DR and to decide actions that the government can take to determine monetary policy to stabilize prices.

Spritual Emotional Freedom Technique (SEFT) merupakan tehnik yang menggabungkan teknik sistem tubuh dan terapi spiritual menggunakan menekan pada titik-titik tertentu pada tubuh. SEFT termasuk bantuan individu bebas dari tekanan emosional (energi negatif), yang merupakan penyebab meningkatkan tekanan darah pada pasien hipepertensi. Hipertensi adalah suatu keadaan terjadi peningkatan tekanan darah dengan ditandai gejala yang akan berlanjut ke suatu organ target seperti stroke, penyakit jantung coroner dan hipertrofi ventrikel kanan. Tinjauan sistematis ini bertujuan meniliai efek yang ditimbulkan dari Spritual Emotional Freedom Technique (SEFT) dengan adanya hasil terjadi penurunan tekanan darah pada penderita hipertensi. Menggunakan tinjauan sistematis dengan memanfaatkan empat database elektronik untuk pencarian: Pubmed, Science Direct, Google Scholar dan Portal Garuda. Studi Randomized Control Trial dan Quasy Experimen yang melakukan penelitian mengenai SEFTdigunakan sebagai kriteria inklusi. Tinjauan sistematis ini terdapat sepuluh penelitian memenuhi kriteria untuk ulasan teks lengkap. Temuan dalam penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa SEFT sangat efektif menurunkan tekanan darah pada penderita hipertensi. Intervensi non farmakologis yaitu SEFT (Spiritual Emotional Freedom Technique) berdampak baik dilakukan pada penyakit hipertensi untuk penurunan tekanan darah. Sehingga dapat dijadikan sebagai terapi komplementer yang baik bagi penderita hipertensi.

The fruits are squeezed to extract their concentrate in fruit processing factories or industries, especially for the purple passion fruit variety. However, separating seeds from the fruit pulp uses a blender, resulting in a mixture of seeds and pulp. In this industry, seeds and fruit pulp are separated using a spinner machine and operated manually by operators. So, adding an automatic mechanism has the potential for optimization and improvement. This research aims to develop a passion fruit squeezing machine with maintenance and automation, upgrading the passion fruit filtering and squeezing spinner machine. The purpose is to control the speed of the passion fruit filtering motor using an AC Dimmer module and create an efficient automated tool for the passion fruit mixer and extractor machine. A squeezing machine is designed by utilizing a counter module to count the incoming passion fruits into the cylinder, and an Arduino Uno is used as the controller to adjust the motor speed using an AC dimmer. The passion fruit filtering machine is operated at a minimum triggering angle of 130 degrees and a maximum triggering angle of 80 degrees, or voltages ranging from 69.9 V to 102 V, with a minimum speed of 780 RPM and a total rate of 1462 RPM, and the squeezing time varies from 2 to 4 minutes.

Contrary to popular belief that field experience should be held in local settings, teacher education programs currently initiate networking with other countries through the international teaching practicum (ITP) program. Considering the platform’s magnitude, this paper aims to explore the pre-service English teacher’s experiences during ITP to build professional development of EFL potential teachers from various activities abroad. In this study, a narrative inquiry was implemented and supplemented with data obtained from Tina (pseudonym), an EFL pre-service teacher in one of the Indonesian universities who joined a four-month ITP program abroad, particularly in Thailand. In collecting the data, semi-structured in-depth interviews that emphasized five eligibility aspects were used. The findings reveal that the pre-service teacher reaped plenty of meaningful experience from ITP in terms of the classroom situation, the implementation of basic teaching skills, the period of success or failure in teaching, values for EFL teacher candidates in ITP, critical incidents, and students’ general English competence after ITP. This study provides evidence and feedback for the institution for better planning and organization in implementing practicum. Further, it implies equipping student-teachers with sufficient skill and competence related to adaptability, cultural identity, fear, and emotions in facing challenging English instruction in the future through multiple exposures to teaching instruments and supporting situated environment facilities.

Due to the lack of current study numbers discussing English proficiency tests such as TOEFL, this study aims to investigate the test takers’ point of view on the TOEFL ITP test, mainly paper based-test and computer-based TOEFL, the similar TOEFL ITP test but employing computer screen as media. The latest study about those two assessments is necessary since both kinds of TOEFL media are massively implemented, particularly backward and after the pandemic Covid19. A survey methodology is employed in this study by spreading questionnaires. The scores gained from those two disparate TOEFL tests are described statistically. The gathered data were then analyzed using descriptive statistics and factor analysis to outline the perspectives of the test-takers on TOEFL PBT and CBT. Fifty-two participants from various education background levels, ages and genders partaking in this study. As a result, this study reveals that the implementing a computer screen for TOEFL obtained more positive percentages than paper-based TOEFL tests. Further discussion concerning prior study and implications are presented

Study this intended to analyze and describe productive zakat management to the well-being of Mustahik at Baznaz Gorontalo Regency. Problem-related to well-being Mustahik is interesting for research because Welfare is a condition that is the hope of every citizen. However, not all citizens quickly get Welfare, especially Mustahik. This study used a qualitative approach with descriptive analysis and data collection techniques using observation, interviews, and documentation. The results from the survey are organizing zakat BAZNAS Gorontalo Regency, namely by forming sub-sectors to support operational running management zakat, namely the zakat collection unit (UPZ), which is responsible for collecting zakat from muzak and implementing it as in the distribution and utilization of productive zakat in management, namely the distribution is uneven because the people in Gorontalo Regency have different economic conditions. Novelty in this research is that we found Supervision in the direction of zakat is carried out by forming an internal audit unit to oversee the work system implemented by each implementing area.

The Covid-19 pandemic in Indonesia, including Yogyakarta, has created a psychological impact on the community. One of the psychological impacts is depression. This issue can be overcome by early detecting depression using an instrument called the World Health Organization-Five Well-Being Index (WHO-5). Unfortunately, this instrument is currently unavailable in the Indonesian version. Therefore, this study aims to obtain a valid and reliable Indonesian version of the WHO-5, which can later be used by pharmacists as an instrument to early detect depression in Indonesia, especially in Yogyakarta. This research employed a cross-sectional design. The research subjects were people who visited Apotek UAD 1 and 2, who met the inclusion and were not included in the exclusion criteria. The WHO-5 questionnaire proceeded through a translation process from the English version to the Indonesian version. The original version of the WHO-5 questionnaire, which was the final translated version, was tested on 40 respondents to gain its validity and reliability. The analysis of the validity test using the Pearson Correlation of five questions on the WHO-5 questionnaire has revealed an average value of r = 1, indicating that the questionnaire is valid. The result of the reliability test with Cronbach Alpha is 0.853. In conclusion, the Indonesian version of the WHO-5 questionnaire meets the validity and reliability criteria so that the questionnaire can apply to the community.

Daun herbal bermanfaat sebagai obat alternatif karena kandungan alaminya dapat menyembuhkan berbagai penyakit dan menjaga kesehatan tubuh. Klasifikasi citra daun herbal digunakan untuk membedakan jenis tanaman herbal berdasarkan bentuk daun. Penelitian ini Penelitian menggunakan Fourier Descriptor (FD) untuk mengekstraksi fitur pada daun herbal dan mengklasifikasikannya menggunakan metode Support Vector Machine (SVM) dan Naive Bayes (NB). SVM diimplementasikan dengan empat kernel yaitu Linear, polynomial, Radial Basis Function (RBF), dan sigmoid sementara Naive bayes diaplikasikan dengan tiga jenis kernel yaitu Gaussian, Multinomial, Bernoulli. Evaluasi kinerja menggunakan Precision, accuracy F1-Score dan Recall. Citra daun herbal terdiri dari daun katuk (Sauropus Androgynus) dan daun kelor (Moringa) dengan total 480 citra. Data tersebut dibagi menjadi 80% untuk training dan 20% untuk testing. Terdapat dua skenario pencahayaan yaitu kondisi gelap dan terang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perbandingan metode SVM dengan ekstraksi FD dimana kernel Linear mencapai akurasi sebesar 98% pada skenario gelap, sementara kernel Sigmoid memberikan akurasi terendah sebesar 44% pada scenario gelap maupun terang. Adapun hasil dari metode Naive bayes dengan ekstraksi FD pada kernel multinomial menghasilkan akurasi tertinggi sebesar 83% pada terang, sedangkan kernel Bernoulli memberikan akurasi terendah sebesar 46% pada skenario gelap dan terang. Berdasarkan perbandingan hasil klasifikasi dari kedua metode, disarankan bahwa metode SVM pada ekstraksi FD lebih direkomendasikan dalam proses klasifikasi daun herbal. Penelitian ini dapat memberikan rekomendasu pengembang sistem untuk menetapkan metode yang tepat dalam klasifikasi citra daun herbal. Abstract Herbal leaves are beneficial as alternative medicine because their natural content can cure various diseases and maintain a healthy body. The classification of herbal leaf images is used to differentiate types of herbal plants based on leaf shapes. This study utilizes Fourier Descriptor (FD) to extract features from herbal leaves and classify them using the Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Naive Bayes (NB) methods. SVM is implemented with four kernels namely linear, polynomial, Radial Basis Function (RBF), and Sigmoid while Naive bayes is applied with three types of kernels namely Gaussian, multinomial, Bernoulli. Performance evaluation includes precision, accuracy, F1- score and recall. Herbal leaf images consist of leaves (Sauropus Androgynus) and moringa leaves with a total of 480 images. The data is divided into 80% for training and 20 % for testing. There are two lighting scenarios, namely dark and light conditions. The result of this study shows a comparison of the SVM method with FD extraction where the Linear kernel achieves the highest accuracy of 98% in dark scenarios, while the Sigmoid kernel provides the lowest accuracy of 44% in both dark and light scenarios. The result of the naïve bayes method with FD extraction on the Multinomial kernel yield the highest accuracy of 83% in light scenarios while the Bernoulli kernel provides the lowest accuracy 46% in both dark and light scenarios. Based on the comparison of the classification result of the two methods, it is suggested that the SVM method for FD extraction is more recommended in the herbal leaf classification process. This research can provide recommendation for system developers to determine the appropriate method for classifying herbal leaf images.

Agnes Stephanie Harahap,1– 3 Imam Subekti,4 Sonar Soni Panigoro,5 Asmarinah,6 Lisnawati,1 Retno Asti Werdhani,7 Hasrayati Agustina,8 Dina Khoirunnisa,1 Mutiah Mutmainnah,1 Salinah,1 Alvita Dewi Siswoyo,9 Maria Francisca Ham1,2 1Department of Anatomical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia/Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia; 2Human Cancer Research Center-Indonesian Medical Education and Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia; 3Doctoral Program in Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia; 4Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia/Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia; 5Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia/Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia; 6Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia; 7Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia; 8Department of Anatomical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran/Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia; 9Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia/Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, IndonesiaCorrespondence: Agnes Stephanie Harahap, Department of Anatomical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Jl. Salemba Raya No. 6, Jakarta, 14320, Indonesia, Tel +62818765563, Email agnes.stephanie01@ui.ac.idIntroduction: BRAFV600E and RAS mutations are the most common gene mutations in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) that may be correlated with its biological behavior. There are still limited data about BRAFV600E and RAS mutations in Indonesia. This study aims to determine the prevalence of BRAFV600E and RAS mutations, and their association with clinicopathologic characteristics.Methods: Patients who had total thyroidectomy from 2019 to 2021 and those who met our study criteria underwent PCR and DNA sequencing analysis for BRAFV600E, BRAFK601E, exon 2 and 3 of NRAS, HRAS, and KRAS. Analyses were performed to determine the associations of BRAFV600E and RAS mutations with clinicopathologic characteristics.Results: Of 172 PTC patients, BRAFV600E mutation was observed in 37.8% of the patients and RAS mutations were found in 21.5%. One patient harbored BRAFK601E mutation. There was a significant association of BRAFV600E with a high-stage (p = 0.033, OR: 3.279; 95% CI: 1.048– 10.259), tall-cell variants (p ≤ 0.001, OR: 41.143; 95% CI: 11.979– 141.308), non-encapsulated (p = 0.001, OR: 4.176; 95% CI: 2.008– 8.685), lymphovascular invasion (p = 0.043, OR: 1.912; 95% CI: 1.018– 3.592), extrathyroidal extension (p = < 0.001, OR: 3.983; 95% CI: 1.970– 8.054), and lymph node metastasis (p = 0.009, OR: 2.301; 95% CI: 1.224– 4.326). Follicular variant (p = 0.001, OR: 7.011; 95% CI: 2.690– 18.268), encapsulated (p = 0.017, OR: 2.433; 95% CI: 1.161– 5.100), and absent of extrathyroidal extension (p = 0.033, OR: 2.890; 95% CI: 1.052– 7.940) were associated with RAS mutations.Conclusion: A significant association between BRAFV600E mutation and high clinical stage, tall-cell variants, non-encapsulated morphology, lymphovascular invasion, extrathyroidal extension, and lymph node metastasis in PTC was observed. RAS mutations were associated with the follicular variant, encapsulated tumor, and no extrathyroidal extension. HRAS-mutated PTC frequently exhibited tumor multifocality.Keywords: papillary thyroid carcinoma, BRAFV600E, BRAFK601E, RAS, clinicopathological characteristics

The L2 motivational self-system (L2MSS) has been extensively investigated in multiple contexts. However, few studies have explored its correlation with Islamic junior high English students’ proficiency test results. To fill the void, this study examines the relationship between the L2MSS and English proficiency test scores among Indonesian Islamic junior high school students. Data were garnered quantitatively from 30 students of an Institute for Foreign Language Development at an Indonesian private university through a questionnaire and an English proficiency test and then were analyzed using the SPSS software system. The findings revealed that the correlation between motivation and achievement was statistically insignificant. We obtained the score of three components; ideal L2 self (r = .01, p .05), L2 learning experience (r = -.204, p .05), and ought to L2 self (r = -.343, p .05). The findings suggest that the ideal L2 self showed a very low relationship and the other two demonstrated a negative direction correlation. This study contributes insights into the understanding of the correlation between foreign language learning motivation and its influence on achievement in the Islamic boarding school context. Further research could recruit participants from wider areas with different contexts.

The aim of this research is to analyze changes in social construction and the division of domestic labor in modern households in an urban environment. Social construction, which involves norms, values and social expectations, plays an important role in the division of domestic labor in the family. Factors such as cultural traditions, religion, internalized gender roles and influences from the social environment contribute to the formation of social construction. The research method used is qualitative literature study, researchers analyze and collect scientific articles, journals, books and other sources relevant to this research topic. The theory used is social construction theory developed by Peter L. Berger and Thomas Luckmann. This theory is used to identify how norms, values and social roles in domestic work are constructed, internalized and changed in the context of the modern family. The results of this research show that stereotypical gender roles and behavioral expectations for women in domestic work burden women in the unequal division of work between husband and wife. Apart from that, this research also shows that there are various significant changes in the social construction related to domestic work in modern families, such as shifts in gender roles and awareness of gender equality. One of the factors that can influence a husband and wife or a modern family to adopt an egalitarian division of labor is education, work experience and individual values.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji kelayakan media chem slot sebagai media pembelajaran tata nama senyawa. Media chem slot dapat dijadikan sebagai pertimbangan bagi para guru kimia untuk dijadikan media dalam melaksanakan pembelajaran, khususnya untuk mempermudah siswa dalam mengingat dan memahami materi tata nama senyawa. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian dan pengembangan (Research and Development atau R&D) menurut Sugiyono (2016) melalui tahap 1 sampai 8. Teknik analisis yang digunakan yaitu deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil analisis angket validitas media chem slot diperoleh rata-rata 92,15% dengan kategori sangat layak. Hasil analisis angket uji pemakaian media chem slot melalui peer assessement diperoleh rata-rata 14,02 dengan kategori sangat baik. Pengamatan pada angket siswa, media chem slot dapat memudahkan siswa dalam pembelajaran. Berdasarkan hasil angket dapat disimpulkan bahwa media chem slot melalui peer assessment yang dihasilkan layak digunakan sebagai media pembelajaran.

Indonesia is situated on the Ring of Fire, which causes a lot of earthquakes. On the 28 September 2018, there was an earthquake in Palu, Sulawesi Island, Indonesia, which was one of the strongest shakings since 1980. Surprisingly, most traditional houses in Sulawesi survived. There has been some research on adapting traditional house structures to modern residential buildings. The limited availability of wood and complicated construction make adapting wood structures to current conditions challenging. The purpose of this study is to analyze space organization in ten traditional South Sulawesi house designs. A possible evacuation route can be found through the analysis as the first space for expeditiously escaping from an earthquake. In addition, modernizing the layout of a traditional South Sulawesi house and introducing it to local people was easy since they were familiar with the design. A deep analysis of spatial organization and its interrelations can help develop realistic designs, plans, and knowledge, thus improving the quality of residential projects. A descriptive qualitative method was used as a research method. Data were collected from field observations, brief interviews, and literature reviews. In order to analyz thee data, ORA-LITE was used to redraw the data and create the charts. It was found that different cultures have different evacuation spaces, in this case the Bugis tribe and the Toraja tribe. A corridor and kitchen were the most strategically located areas that could possibly be used for evacuation. Considering the differences in culture among tribes, designing evacuation spaces based on local culture was important. A recommendation based on this finding can also be made to the government of South Sulawesi in the design of residential houses.

Kelompok remaja hingga dewasa muda (15 – 24 tahun) memiliki gaya hidup tidak aktif atau kurang melakukan aktivitas fisik yang dilihat dari jenis kelamin, perempuan memiliki presentase lebih besar dalam hal kurang melakukan aktivitas fisik. Volume Oksigen Maksimal (VO2Maks) dapat ditingkatkan dengan rutin melakukan aktivitas fisik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara aktivitas fisik dengan tingkat VO2Maks pada siswa sekolah menengah atas Pondok Pesantren Putri Darul Istiqamah Maros. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan cross sectional dan metode purposive sampling. Subjek penelitian yakni Siswa SMA Pondok Pesantren Putri Darul Istiqamah Maros yang berusia kisaran 15 – 18 tahun. Jumlah responden dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 89 orang. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara pengambilan data primer melalui instrumen pengukuran aktivitas fisik dengan menggunakan parameter International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) dan pengukuran tingkat VO2Maks menggunakan Cooper Test (Lari 2.4 KM). Hasil Penelitian setelah dilakukan uji normalitas Kolmogrov Smirnov diperoleh sebaran data tidak normal (p

This research aimed to investigate students’ voices regarding the complexities that contribute to challenges and the coping strategies that address academic writing challenges they use in academic writing. Through a qualitative method, four female students majoring in English Education in the eighth semester at a private university in Indonesia were chosen as participants in this study's interview. Data analysis techniques employed include analyzing the data, coding the data, and interpreting the data. The findings indicated that twelve complexities contributed, namely learners’ low motivation, lack of lecturers’ feedback, lack of translation, lack of references, lack of time, lack of research background, low students' self-confidence, lack of experience in writing, lack of proficiency in reading, lack of critical thinking skill, lack of proper preparation in writing, and lack of a supportive writing learning environment. Students used twelve coping strategies for organization, ideas development, vocabulary, grammar, and mechanics. These strategies included exercises, feedback, reading academic papers, extensive reading, Google Translate, QuillBot, Grammarly, and Mendeley for arranging academic style. The implication of this research has been discussed here.

This study is to discover whether adapting the tahfidz technique to memorize words, phrases, and sentences can be applied in learning English for pesantren students (santri). The tahfidz technique used was talaqqi, which is delivering students’ memorization to teachers, to make students easier in remembering the learning materials. A pre-experimental study with a one-group pre-test and post-test design is conducted in this research to analyze the participant of 40 students in first grade in MA Pondok Tremas, Pacitan. The instrument used in this research is a pre-test from some verses of the Quran and a post-test from Arabic mahfudzat. By adapting the tahfidz technique in learning English, the teacher’s goal to gain students’ better scores in English had been achieved. This is closely related to the fact that pesantren students familiarized to memorize Qur’an and their religious subject. It turns out that the traditional pesantren learning method can also be applied to modern science.

Hipnoterapi merupakan sebuah terapi alternatif dan komplementer atau terapi non farmakologi yang memanfaatkan metode hipnosis sebagai sugesti alam bawah sadar manusia. Banyak masyarakat yang beranggapan negatif mengenai hipnoterapi dan tidak tahu bahwa hipnoterapi tersebut mengandung banyak manfaat. Tujuan dari penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menambah pengetahuan dan mengubah perspektif masyarakat tentang pengobatan hipnoterapi. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian cross sectional dengan teknik non-random sampling (accidental sampling) dengan instrumen penelitian berupa kuesioner online dan menyebar selebaran. Penelitian sebanyak 108 responden, dengan 108 responden yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Hasil penelitian pengetahuan menunjukkan 38,0% dengan pengetahuan baik, 46,3% responden dengan pengetahuan cukup dan 15,7% responden dengan pengetahuan rendah dan hasil pada perspektif menunjukkan 18% responden berperspektif positif, dan 82% responden berperspektif negatif. Berdasarkan hasil pengetahuan dan perspektif responden maka diperlukan adanya pengenalan mengenai pengobatan hipnoterapi untuk mencegah mispersepsi di kalangan masyarakat Surabaya.

Using sophisticated technology in EFL has been a source of considerable debate. As a part of the Web 2.0 movement, Prezi lets users generate, produce, and preserve virtual demonstrations. While a substantial study has been conducted on the benefits and downsides of utilizing Prezi presentations, there is scarce research on students' experiences with using Prezi. The study aims to look at pupils' perspectives on using Prezi in learning English to fill the gap. Twenty students from a private secondary school in Mojokerto, Indonesia, were examined. This exploratory qualitative case study used a purposive sampling strategy. They answered ten interview questions, which the researchers examined using content analysis. The findings revealed that students' experiences using Prezi and making Prezi demonstrations could be divided into four primary topics: serviceability, effectiveness, design, and hindrances. Using Prezi, students experienced producing more interactive visuals for their production than standard PowerPoint slides. In line with this study, Prezi's revolutionary features transform the report from a monotonous and direct way into a fascinating, stunning, practical, and nonlinear style. The findings of this study, in practice, demand the implementation of academic tutorials for classroom teachers to construct their core principles of teaching utilizing the Prezi presentation.

The increased demand for high-quality coffee led to the need to evaluate coffee quality for market acceptance. Indonesia has Arabica, which has the potential for high selling value. Arabica coffee varieties, including Ateng, Lini S, and Sigararutang, affect the content of compounds in coffee beans, such as chlorogenic acid, caffeine, melanoidin, sucrose, and protein. The objective of this study was to analyze the impact of Arabica coffee varieties on the compound composition and flavor characteristics of coffee. The UV-Vis spectrophotometric methods were used to determine the quantity of chlorogenic acid, caffeine, melanoidin, sucrose, and protein in different Arabica coffee varietals. The study revealed that the content of these compounds differed among the varieties. The Lini S variety had the highest chlorogenic acid and caffeine content, while the Ateng variety had the highest melanoidin, sucrose, and protein content. The varying levels of chlorogenic acid and caffeine in coffee significantly impact its flavor, resulting in a unique sour and bitter taste in coffee brew. Melanoidin, a high-molecular-weight brown compound, contributes to the malty flavor of coffee, along with sweet, nutty, caramel, and spice notes. Sucrose adds a sweet hint to coffee brew, while protein has a relatively minimal influence on coffee flavor.

This study aims to determine whether there is a difference between students who read using computer-assisted reading and those who read using other means in terms of reading. The sample was 23 students studying at two senior high schools in Sumenep, East Java, Indonesia. They were selected from student representatives based on their English language skills. The experiment was divided into six stages which include learning and testing. The researchers used lexical-tutor where there are audio-assisted reading, concordance, and online dictionary. For the learning process, researchers use inquiry-based learning, which focuses on student activity. To determine whether there is an effect on reading comprehension, the researcher used a paired sample t-test and an independent sample test to determine whether there is a difference in student reading comprehension score using an inquiry-based computer aid with those who do not use it. Based on the results of the study, there is no effect and no difference between reading using computer-assisted reading with inquiry-based learning and those who did not use computers. When viewed from individual scores, the results of the study showed little progress. The results of the observation show that not all students like to read while listening to audio.

English textbooks, particularly for senior high school students, should provide competent English reading activities to help students improve their English skills by simultaneously training them in reading and vocabulary knowledge. The researcher aims to investigate the Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) in essay reading exercises distributed in the English SMK/MAK textbook for grades X, XI, and XII. The researcher selected the English textbook published by Bumi Aksara. This study was carried out using the qualitative method.. The data analysis method was sequentially started from textbook observation, question selection, data reduction, and finally the HOTS data analysis. According to the results, there are 6 HOTS reading essay questions (C4: 2, C5: 4) in the English textbook for X grade, 7 HOTS reading essay questions (C4: 5, C5: 2) in the English textbook for XI grade, and 12 HOTS reading essay questions (C5: 12) in the English textbook for XII grade. It can be concluded from the findings that HOTS reading essay questions are distributed less than LOTS. These results may suggest to English teachers to be selective in utilizing English textbooks to improve student's critical thinking and for the further researcher to investigate HOTS effects on students’ achievement.

Textbooks are a type of teaching material. Textbooks used in classrooms must have gone through an evaluation process based on standards for textbook creation. However, various problems arise in the production of textbooks, especially English textbooks for grades 1-3. This study used a case study to find out what information is used by EFL teachers for low grades textbook creation and the causes of material gaps in in the textbook situated in an elementary school in Malang, East Java, Indonesia. Participants in this study were 6 teachers who had created English textbooks for their EYL classes. Data were collected through interviews. Semi-structured interviews were used to address questions and explore topics of interest. From the interviews, there were 3 answers to the first research question, which is what teachers use when creating textbooks for lower grade, those are; 1) worksheets, 2) the combination of books and worksheeet and 3) Internet. There were 4 main answers to the second research question regarding the difficulties or obstacles experienced by teachers in creatingcreating the English books. Those are; 1) standart in creating tetxtbooks, 2) time allocation in creating books, 3) feedback in creating textbooks, and 4) English as local content.

ABSTRAK Antena mikrostrip double E-shaped untuk aplikasi WiMax melalui proses simulasi dan fabrikasi telah berhasil dirancang. Perancangan desain antena mikrostrip ini menggunakan bahan substrat FR-4 lossy dengan ketebalan 1,6 mm dan konstanta dielektrik 4,6. Dimensi substrat yang dirancang yaitu 45 mm x 52 mm x 1,6 mm. Hasil simulasi yang diperoleh yaitu antena mikrostrip bekerja di frekuensi 3,3 GHz, return loss -21 dB, VSWR 1,23, bandwidth 342 MHz, dan gain sebesar 3,5 dBi. Hasil pengukuran diperoleh antena mikrostrip bekerja di frekuensi 3,35 GHz, return Loss -22 dB, VSWR 1,26, bandwidth 265 MHz, dan gain sebesar 3,2 dBi. Baik hasil simulasi dan pengukuran pola radiasi yang dihasilkan membentuk pola bidirectional. Antena mikrostrip ini dapat diaplikasikan pada frekuensi Wimax. Kata kunci: Antena Mikrostrip, Double E-shaped, Frekuensi 3,3 GHz, WiMax, Return Loss  ABSTRACT The double E-shaped microstrip antenna for WiMax application through simulation and fabrication process has been successfully designed. The design of this microstrip antenna using a lossy FR-4 substrate material with a thickness of 1.6 mm and a dielectric constant of 4.6. The dimensions of the designed substrate are 45 mm x 52 mm x 1.6 mm. The simulation results obtained that microstrip antenna works at a frequency of 3.3 GHz, return loss -21 dB, VSWR 1.23, bandwidth 342 MHz, and gain of 3.5 dBi. The measurement results obtained that the microstrip antenna works at a frequency of 3.35 GHz, return loss of -22 dB, VSWR of 1.26, bandwidth of 265 MHz, and gain of 3.2 dBi. Both the simulation results and the resulting radiation pattern measurements form a bidirectional pattern. This microstrip antenna can be applied at WiMax frequency. Keywords: Microstrip Antenna, Double E-shaped, Frequency 3.3 GHz, WiMax, Return Loss

Direction-of-arrival (DoA) estimation methods are highly versatile and find extensive applications in satellite communication. DoA methods are employed across a range of orbits, from low Earth orbits (LEO) to geostationary Earth orbits (GEO). They serve multiple applications, including altitude determination, geolocation and estimation accuracy, target localization, and relative and collaborative positioning. This paper provides a framework for modeling the DoA angle in satellite communications with respect to the elevation angle. The proposed approach employs a closed-form expression that incorporates various factors, such as the antenna boresight angle, satellite and Earth station positions, and the altitude parameters of the satellite stations. By leveraging this formulation, the work accurately calculates the Earth station’s elevation angle and effectively models the DoA angle. To the authors’ knowledge, this contribution is unique and has not been previously addressed in the available literature. Furthermore, this paper studies the impact of spatial correlation in the channel on well-known DoA estimation techniques. As a significant part of this contribution, the authors introduce a signal model incorporating correlation in satellite communication. Although selected studies have presented spatial signal correlation models in satellite communications to analyze the performance metrics, such as the bit error or symbol error probability, outage probability, and ergodic capacity, this work stands out by presenting and adapting a correlation model in the signal specifically for studying DoA estimations. Accordingly, this paper evaluates DoA estimation performance using root mean square error (RMSE) measurements for different satellite communication link conditions (uplink and downlink) through extensive Monte Carlo simulations. The simulation’s performance is evaluated by comparing it with the Cramer–Rao lower bound (CRLB) performance metric under additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) conditions, i.e., thermal noise. The simulation results demonstrate that incorporating a spatial signal correlation model for DoA estimations significantly improves RMSE performance in satellite systems.

Colon cancer or colorectal cancer is one of the major health problems in the world. Previous research has proven that red betel leaves extract has anticancer activity against breast cancer cells. The study aimed to look at the potential of compounds contained in red betel ethyl acetate fraction as anticancer substances for colon cancer by conducting in silico tests through the docking of three colon cancer biomarker receptors against eight red betel leaves compounds. The parameters of binding affinity energy and inhibition constant used in the molecular docking analysis showed that there are several compounds that have the potential as inhibitors against colon cancer marker proteins to inhibit the development of colorectal cancer and have high bioavalibility as oral drugs. Based on in silico test it is known that the compound N-1,N-9-Bis [E-(2-nitophenyl) methylene] non anedihydrazide has the highest inhibition of human leukotriene A4 hydrolase receptor with binding affinity energy of 11.3160 Kcal/mol. The next compound is 4-({4,6-Bis[3R,5S)-3,5-diamino-1-piperydinyl]-1,3,5-traizin-2-yl}amino) benzenosulfon amide which has the highest inhibition in Chek1 with binding affinity energy of 9.7110 Kcal/mol, and the compound 4-(4-methoxy-phenylamino)-2,3-dihydro-1H-4a, 9-diaza-cyclopenta (b) fluorine-10-carbonitrile has the highest inhibition in the Bcl 2 navitoclax analog receptor with binding affinity energy of 8.4470 Kcal/mol.

The present study focused on teachers’ perceptions of how teacher talk works in the classroom and some challenges they might encounter during initiating interaction to encourage students. A classroom observation was done to portray the data of the learning process and teachers’ interview was also conducted to discover insights about teacher talk and the challenges encountered in the classroom interaction. Findings demonstrated that the teachers enacted dominant English communication as the input rather than using students’ first language. They felt increasing the use of the target language would be more challenging as it is influenced by some aspects from both teachers and students’ motivation, attitude, and proficiency. In addition, teacher talk is varied in some extents based on the teacher and student factors. The findings also showed that teacher talk mostly occurred in the form of asking questions, giving directions, explaining the lesson, and praising the students. In addition, as the students were considered young learners, it was found that classroom interaction and language choice must be adjustable in order to make communication become more effective. Keywords: teacher talk, perception, challenge, language choice, primary level

Cardiovascular disease was a disease with impaired function of the heart and blood vessels. Cardiovascular disease was more common in women. Postmenopausal women have a higher risk of cardiovascular disease than premenopausal women. This is because postmenopausal women lack the hormone estrogenin regulating lipid metabolism factors. Decreased production of the hormone estrogen will cause changes in the lipid profile in the blood. Several studies have shown that assessment with the Atherogenic Index (IA) is a good predictor of cardiovascular disease. The atherogenic index was obtained by calculating the TG/HDL-C log. This assessment proved to be more sensitive in assessing the risk of cardiovascular disease compared to the respective lipid profile calculations. This study aimed to compare the profile of the Atherogenic Index in premenopausal women with menopause. This research used the Cross-Sectional Study research method which was presented in the form of data, tables, and narratives. The study results on each 40 menopausal and premenopausal women respectively showed that the comparison value of the atherogenic index in the two categories of subjects was

The aim of this study is to find out: 1) Determine whether or not there is a significant difference between the implementation of making a match learning model with conventional learning model to the nomenclature of common chemical compounds on learning motivation, 2) Determine whether or not there is a significant difference between the implementation of making a match learning model with conventional learning model to the nomenclature of common chemical compounds on learning activities. This research was experimental research design with Posttest Only Nonequivalent Control Group Design. The population of this study was all class X students of SMA Negeri 1 Turi in the academic year 2019/2020, with a two-class research sample, namely class X MIPA 1 and X MIPA 2. Data of concept for activity variables and learning motivation taken by non-test methods in the form of questionnaires and observation. Data analysis techniques used the Mann Whitney type non-parametric statistical test for learning motivation variables and the Two Independent Sample T-Test type parametric statistical test for learning activity variables on nomenclature of common chemical compounds. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded: 1) There was no significant difference between the implementation of make a match learning with conventional learning model to the nomenclature of common chemical compounds on motivation learning of class x SMA Negeri 1 Turi academic year 2019/2020; 2) There were no significant difference between the implementation of make a match learning with conventional learning model to the nomenclature of common chemical compounds on activities learning of class x SMA Negeri 1 Turi academic year 2019/2020. Keywords: make a match, learning motivation, learning activities

Much empirical research on textbook analysis has been undertaken. However, little evidence with regard to the adoption of SLA findings in the textbook analysis was reported, particularly for the Indonesian EFL textbooks. To fill this void, this study aimed at analyzing a textbook endorsed by the Indonesian Ministry of Education and Culture, "Bahasa Inggris, When English Rings a Bell" revised edition 2017 for grade VII, to reveal as to how the activities in the textbook provide learners with the opportunities that facilitate second language acquisition. We employed content analysis (Mayring, 2000) in this study. Informed by Ellis' (2016) SLA framework and ten generalizations, the study's findings portray that all activities receive support from SLA theory. Most activities are output-prompting, and language learning is mostly intentional. In addition, the textbook exposes learners with language input (e.g., target language skills and linguistic forms) exclusively, although they are not required to process the input further (e.g., enacting more social interaction activities). The implication of this study suggests that although second language learning input is penetrated into a textbook, the role of interactional activities in the classroom that bridges the input into practice is worth-considering. Thereby, English teachers are encouraged to innovatively and creatively design learning activities in the class.