41 results on '"Kamoi K"'
Search Results
2. Evaluating tocilizumab safety and immunomodulatory effects under ocular HTLV-1 infection in vitro.
- Author
-
Zhang J, Kamoi K, Zong Y, Yang M, Zou Y, and Ohno-Matsui K
- Subjects
- Humans, Cell Line, T-Lymphocytes immunology, T-Lymphocytes drug effects, Retinal Pigment Epithelium drug effects, Retinal Pigment Epithelium virology, Retinal Pigment Epithelium immunology, Coculture Techniques, Cell Survival drug effects, Viral Load drug effects, Human T-lymphotropic virus 1, HTLV-I Infections drug therapy, HTLV-I Infections immunology, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized therapeutic use, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized pharmacology, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized adverse effects
- Abstract
There is growing interest in evaluating the safety and therapeutic potential of existing treatments such as tocilizumab (TCZ), an IL-6 receptor antagonist used to treat inflammatory diseases. However, there have been reports of increased inflammation in patients with HTLV-1 uveitis after TCZ treatment, and its ocular safety in the HTLV-1 infected state remains unknown. This study focused on assessing the impact of TCZ on HTLV-1-infected ocular cells using an in vitro model in which retinal pigment epithelial cells were cocultured with irradiated HTLV-1-infected T-cell lines. TCZ did not significantly affect cellular viability, inflammatory markers, or HTLV-1 proviral loads at various concentrations (25/50/100 µg/ml), indicating no increased risk of HTLV-1 viral infection and no exacerbation of the inflammatory aspects of HTLV-1 infection in the ocular cells. These promising results support the potential of TCZ as a safe treatment option for HTLV-1-infected patients, particularly those with eye infections., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024. Published by Elsevier B.V.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Vaccines and the Eye: Current Understanding of the Molecular and Immunological Effects of Vaccination on the Eye.
- Author
-
Zou Y, Kamoi K, Zong Y, Zhang J, Yang M, and Ohno-Matsui K
- Subjects
- Humans, COVID-19 Vaccines immunology, COVID-19 Vaccines adverse effects, Eye immunology, SARS-CoV-2 immunology, COVID-19 prevention & control, COVID-19 immunology, Vaccines adverse effects, Vaccines immunology, Animals, Eye Diseases immunology, Eye Diseases prevention & control, Vaccination adverse effects, Vaccination methods
- Abstract
Vaccination is a public health cornerstone that protects against numerous infectious diseases. Despite its benefits, immunization implications on ocular health warrant thorough investigation, particularly in the context of vaccine-induced ocular inflammation. This review aimed to elucidate the complex interplay between vaccination and the eye, focusing on the molecular and immunological pathways implicated in vaccine-associated ocular adverse effects. Through an in-depth analysis of recent advancements and the existing literature, we explored various mechanisms of vaccine-induced ocular inflammation, such as direct infection by live attenuated vaccines, immune complex formation, adjuvant-induced autoimmunity, molecular mimicry, hypersensitivity reactions, PEG-induced allergic reactions, Type 1 IFN activation, free extracellular RNA, and specific components. We further examined the specific ocular conditions associated with vaccination, such as uveitis, optic neuritis, and retinitis, and discussed the potential impact of novel vaccines, including those against SARS-CoV-2. This review sheds light on the intricate relationships between vaccination, the immune system, and ocular tissues, offering insights into informed discussions and future research directions aimed at optimizing vaccine safety and ophthalmological care. Our analysis underscores the importance of vigilance and further research to understand and mitigate the ocular side effects of vaccines, thereby ensuring the continued success of vaccination programs, while preserving ocular health.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Polarization-Sensitive OCT Imaging of Scleral Abnormalities in Eyes With High Myopia and Dome-Shaped Macula.
- Author
-
Ohno-Matsui K, Igarashi-Yokoi T, Azuma T, Sugisawa K, Xiong J, Takahashi T, Uramoto K, Kamoi K, Okamoto M, Banerjee S, and Yamanari M
- Subjects
- Humans, Female, Middle Aged, Male, Sclera pathology, Tomography, Optical Coherence methods, Visual Acuity, Collagen, Myopia, Degenerative, Retinal Diseases pathology, Macular Degeneration pathology
- Abstract
Importance: The relevance of visualizing scleral fiber orientation may offer insights into the pathogenesis of pathologic myopia, including dome-shaped maculopathy (DSM)., Objective: To investigate the orientation and density of scleral collagen fibers in highly myopic eyes with and without DSM by polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography (PS-OCT)., Design, Setting, and Participants: This case series included patients with highly myopic eyes (defined as a refractive error ≥6 diopters or an axial length ≥26.5 mm) with and without a DSM examined at a single site in May and June 2019. Analysis was performed from September 2019 to October 2023., Exposures: The PS-OCT was used to study the birefringence and optic axis of the scleral collagen fibers., Main Outcomes and Measures: The orientation and optic axis of scleral fibers in inner and outer layers of highly myopic eyes were assessed, and the results were compared between eyes with and without a DSM., Results: A total of 72 patients (51 [70.8%] female; mean [SD] age, 61.5 [12.8] years) were included, and 89 highly myopic eyes were examined (mean [SD] axial length, 30.4 [1.7] mm); 52 (58.4%) did not have a DSM and 37 (41.6%) had a DSM (10 bidirectional [27.0%] and 27 horizontal [73.0%]). Among the 52 eyes without DSM, the 13 eyes with simple high myopia had primarily inner sclera visible, displaying radially oriented fibers in optic axis images. In contrast, the entire thickness of the sclera was visible in 39 eyes with pathologic myopia. In these eyes, the optic axis images showed vertically oriented fibers within the outer sclera. Eyes presenting with both horizontal and bidirectional DSMs had clusters of fibers with low birefringence at the site of the DSM. In the optic axis images, horizontally or obliquely oriented scleral fibers were aggregated in the inner layer at the DSM. The vertical fibers located posterior to the inner fiber aggregation were not thickened and appeared thin compared with the surrounding areas., Conclusions and Relevance: This study using PS-OCT revealed inner scleral fiber aggregation without outer scleral thickening at the site of the DSM in highly myopic eyes. Given the common occurrence of scleral pathologies, such as DSM, and staphylomas in eyes with pathologic myopia, recognizing these fiber patterns could be important. These insights may be relevant to developing targeted therapies to address scleral abnormalities early and, thus, mitigate potential damage to the overlying neural tissue.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. A dual composite resin injection molding technique with 3D-printed flexible indices for biomimetic replacement of a missing mandibular lateral incisor.
- Author
-
Watanabe K, Tanaka E, Kamoi K, Tichy A, Shiba T, Yonerakura K, Nakajima M, Han R, and Hosaka K
- Abstract
Patients: This case report presents a minimally invasive approach to replace a missing mandibular lateral incisor using a dual-injection molding technique with flowable composite resins. Integrated with a comprehensive digital workflow, this method achieves a structurally and esthetically biomimetic, bi-layered prosthetic solution. A 34-year-old woman with congenital absence of a mandibular lateral incisor was successfully rehabilitated using a direct composite resin-bonded fixed partial denture (RBFPD)., Discussion: Two specialized three-dimensional (3D)-printed flexible indices stabilized by a custom-designed 3D-printed rigid holder were employed to ensure the meticulous injection molding of flowable composite resins formulated to emulate the inherent chromatic gradations between dentin and enamel. The inherent flexibility of the indices, combined with the holder, facilitated accurate and seamless adaptation to the complex morphological features of the dental arch, thereby mitigating the challenges commonly associated with rigid 3D-printed resin indices., Conclusions: The bilayered direct composite RBFPD using 3D printed flexible indices prepared with a full digital workflow has several advantages over other dental prosthetic solutions, including noninvasiveness, cost-effectiveness, biomimetic esthetics, repairability, and shortened treatment times. Although the initial results are promising, further longitudinal studies with larger patient cohorts are required to confirm the long-term efficacy of this approach.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Ripasudil as a Potential Therapeutic Agent in Treating Secondary Glaucoma in HTLV-1-Uveitis: An In Vitro Analysis.
- Author
-
Yang M, Kamoi K, Zong Y, Zhang J, Zou Y, and Ohno-Matsui K
- Subjects
- Adult, Humans, NF-kappa B, Cytokines therapeutic use, Interleukin-6, rho-Associated Kinases, Human T-lymphotropic virus 1, Glaucoma drug therapy, Glaucoma etiology, Uveitis, Isoquinolines, Sulfonamides
- Abstract
Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1), a virus that affects 5-10 million people globally, causes several diseases, including adult T-cell leukemia-lymphoma and HTLV-1-associated uveitis (HU). HU is prevalent in Japan and often leads to secondary glaucoma, which is a serious complication. We investigated the efficacy of ripasudil, a Rho-associated coiled coil-forming protein kinase inhibitor, in alleviating changes in human trabecular meshwork cells (hTM cells) infected with HTLV-1. HTLV-1-infected hTM cells were modeled in vitro using MT-2 cells, followed by treatment with varying concentrations of ripasudil. We assessed changes in cell morphology, viability, and inflammatory cytokine levels, as well as NF-κB activation. The results showed that ripasudil treatment changed the cell morphology, reduced the distribution of F-actin and fibronectin, and decreased the levels of certain inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, and IL-12. However, ripasudil did not significantly affect NF-κB activation or overall cell viability. These findings suggest that ripasudil has the potential to treat secondary glaucoma in patients with HU by modulating cytoskeletal organization and alleviating inflammation in HTLV-1-infected hTM cells. This study lays the foundation for further clinical studies exploring the effectiveness of ripasudil for the treatment of secondary glaucoma associated with HU.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. LONGITUDINAL CHANGES OF POSTERIOR VORTEX VEINS IN HIGHLY MYOPIC EYES DETERMINED BY RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSES OF INDOCYANINE GREEN ANGIOGRAMS.
- Author
-
Lu H, Chen C, Xiong J, Wang Y, Wang Z, Moriyama M, Kamoi K, Uramoto K, Takahashi T, Yoshida T, and Ohno-Matsui K
- Subjects
- Humans, Retrospective Studies, Fluorescein Angiography, Choroid blood supply, Indocyanine Green, Myopia complications, Myopia diagnosis
- Abstract
Purpose: To assess the longitudinal changes of the posterior vortex veins (VVs) in highly myopic (HM) eyes., Methods: The medical records of 1,730 consecutive HM eyes that had undergone indocyanine green angiography were studied. Eyes that had posterior VVs and had undergone at least two indocyanine green angiography examinations with a minimum interval of 3 years were selected from this group., Results: Ninety-one eyes of 78 patients met the inclusion criteria. A total of 124 posterior VVs were identified. Over an average interval of 7.8 ± 5.0 years, 41 (33.1%) of the 124 posterior VVs had marked changes consisting mainly of an attenuation of vessels in 36 posterior VVs (87.8%) and alterations in the drainage course in 16 posterior VVs (39.0%). Fifteen posterior VVs had both types of changes. Most of the attenuations of the vessels occurred for smaller branches, but a complete loss of the entire trunk was seen in three eyes. Additionally, four eyes had posterior VV changes in association with changes of peripheral VVs., Conclusion: Posterior VV in highly myopic eyes can undergo changes with increasing time. The associated factors included the development and progression of myopic maculopathy lesions. In some cases, the blood drainage shifted from posterior VV to peripheral VV by forming anastomotic channels.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Long Vax in the Eye: Long Post-COVID Vaccination Syndrome Presenting with Frosted Branch Angiitis.
- Author
-
Kamoi K and Ohno-Matsui K
- Abstract
mRNA COVID-19 vaccines have been reported as protecting against COVID-19 and reducing its severity, and we have recognized post-vaccination symptoms recently. This research investigates the clinical trajectories of ocular disorders in a 51-year-old female who received a second dose of the BNT162b2 (Pfizer-BioNTech) mRNA COVID-19 vaccine. Exhibiting fever and blurred vision within 24 h post-vaccination, with progressive blurry vision over two months, she underwent in-depth ophthalmologic examinations, revealing intraocular cellular infiltration in anterior chamber, vitreous opacity, and frosted branch angiitis in both eyes. Comprehensive evaluations, including systemic workups as well as ocular and blood specimen analyses, excluded autoimmune and infectious etiologies, consolidating the diagnosis of vaccine-induced ocular inflammation. Despite adherence to prevailing therapeutic protocols, her condition showed no significant improvement over 18 months, pointing to a possible long post-COVID vaccination syndrome. Such persistent sequelae underscore the need for detailed studies to discern the interactions between vaccine-induced immune responses and the development of post-vaccination sequelae. Continual documentation of patients with long post-COVID vaccination syndrome is now essential to better understand the vaccine's immunological effects, aiding in improving global vaccination strategies.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Characteristics and Prevalence of Staphyloma Edges at Different Ages in Highly Myopic Eyes.
- Author
-
Chen C, Wang Z, Xie S, Lu H, Wang Y, Xiong J, Nakao N, Igarashi-Yokoi T, Yoshida T, Uramoto K, Takahashi T, Sugisawa K, Kamoi K, and Ohno-Matsui K
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Aged, Child, Humans, Cross-Sectional Studies, Longitudinal Studies, Prevalence, Myopia epidemiology, Optic Disk, Scleral Diseases epidemiology
- Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the characteristics of staphyloma edges in highly myopic eyes and how they progress., Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional analysis using baseline data and a longitudinal study with follow-up data from 256 patients (447 eyes) with high myopia, with a mean (SD) follow-up of 3.79 (0.78) years. Participants were divided into four age groups: children (<13), youth (13-24), mature (25-59), and elderly (>60). Ultrawide-field swept-source optical coherence tomography was used to analyze staphyloma edges, which were divided into four areas: nasal to the optic disc (OD), superior to the macula, inferior to the macula, and temporal to the macula., Results: Staphylomas were significantly more prevalent in the mature (42.49%) and the elderly (51.35%) groups than in the children (13%) and youth (9%) groups. Staphyloma edges were predominantly superior to the macula in the mature and elderly groups. In contrast, staphylomas were rare in children and youth, with their edges mainly located nasal to the OD. The edges of staphylomas located superior and temporal to the macula were more likely to be associated with myopic traction maculopathy. During the follow-up period, 11 new staphyloma edges developed primarily in the mature group (64%). Additionally, 12 edges had an increased degree of protrusion over time, with most cases occurring in the mature (75%) group., Conclusions: The prevalence and location of staphyloma edges show significant variations depending on age. As time progresses, staphyloma edges manifest at distinct sites and increase their protrusion, potentially playing a role in the emergence of fundus complications.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Reactivation of previously controlled Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease more than 46 years following COVID-19 vaccination: a case study.
- Author
-
Muto T, Sakamoto M, Imaizumi S, and Kamoi K
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Female, Humans, Middle Aged, Adrenal Cortex Hormones therapeutic use, Glucocorticoids therapeutic use, COVID-19, COVID-19 Vaccines adverse effects, Uveomeningoencephalitic Syndrome chemically induced, Uveomeningoencephalitic Syndrome diagnosis, Uveomeningoencephalitic Syndrome drug therapy
- Abstract
We report a case of Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) disease that recurred 46 years after initial treatment. A 59-year-old woman presented with a 2-month history of bilateral vision blurring. She had received her third dose of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination 4 months before the onset of blurring. The best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was 1.0 in the right eye and 0.15 in the left eye at the initial visit. Iritis and synechia were observed between the lens and iris bilaterally. A sunset glow fundus was found in both eyes with no serous retinal detachments or disc hyperemia. The patient had a history of VKH disease and had been treated with whole-body corticosteroid administration at another hospital when she was 13 years old. The patient was diagnosed with VKH disease recurrence, and oral corticosteroid therapy and corticosteroid eyedrop treatment were initiated. The treatment response was good. At the time of this writing, recurrence had not been observed for 14 months, and the BCVA was 1.0 in both eyes. To our knowledge, this case represents the longest recorded interval of VKH disease recurrence in the literature to date. COVID-19 vaccination might be the cause of long-term well-controlled disease recurrence., Competing Interests: Declaration of conflicting interestThe authors declare that there are no conflict of interests.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Ocular Manifestations of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection in the Combination Antiretroviral Therapy Era.
- Author
-
Yang M, Kamoi K, Zong Y, Zhang J, Zou Y, and Ohno-Matsui K
- Abstract
Since the introduction of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) in Japan in 2008, the spectrum of ocular manifestations in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has changed. This study, conducted at Tokyo Medical and Dental University Hospital between January 2012 and August 2023, aimed to understand the epidemiology and clinical features of ocular manifestations in patients with HIV during the cART era. Of the 218 patients diagnosed with HIV, 23 (10.55%) exhibited ocular manifestations; all were male, aged 32-73. The most prevalent ocular complication was uveitis (60.67%). Notably, the prevalence of uveitis in this cART era has surged compared to earlier Japanese studies. Our data also suggest a potential direct link between uveitis and HIV, particularly in patients who have not yet undergone cART. However, cytomegalovirus retinitis, another prevalent ocular disease in our study, appeared more strongly associated with patients who commenced cART. Neither ocular condition was significantly correlated with CD4+ T-cell count. Importantly, our observed ocular manifestation prevalence (10.55%) was lower than that in previous studies, emphasizing the potential influence of cART and national healthcare support. These findings provide unique insights into the evolution of ocular manifestations in patients with HIV in Japan amidst cART availability.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Machine Learning Models for Predicting Long-Term Visual Acuity in Highly Myopic Eyes.
- Author
-
Wang Y, Du R, Xie S, Chen C, Lu H, Xiong J, Ting DSW, Uramoto K, Kamoi K, and Ohno-Matsui K
- Subjects
- Humans, Female, Middle Aged, Cohort Studies, Retrospective Studies, Artificial Intelligence, Visual Acuity, Vision Disorders diagnosis, Vision Disorders complications, Tomography, Optical Coherence adverse effects, Machine Learning, Myopia epidemiology, Retinal Diseases etiology, Macular Degeneration complications, Vision, Low etiology, Myopia, Degenerative complications, Myopia, Degenerative diagnosis
- Abstract
Importance: High myopia is a global concern due to its escalating prevalence and the potential risk of severe visual impairment caused by pathologic myopia. Using artificial intelligence to estimate future visual acuity (VA) could help clinicians to identify and monitor patients with a high risk of vision reduction in advance., Objective: To develop machine learning models to predict VA at 3 and 5 years in patients with high myopia., Design, Setting, and Participants: This retrospective, single-center, cohort study was performed on patients whose best-corrected VA (BCVA) at 3 and 5 years was known. The ophthalmic examinations of these patients were performed between October 2011 and May 2021. Thirty-four variables, including general information, basic ophthalmic information, and categories of myopic maculopathy based on fundus and optical coherence tomography images, were collected from the medical records for analysis., Main Outcomes and Measures: Regression models were developed to predict BCVA at 3 and 5 years, and a binary classification model was developed to predict the risk of developing visual impairment at 5 years. The performance of models was evaluated by discrimination metrics, calibration belts, and decision curve analysis. The importance of relative variables was assessed by explainable artificial intelligence techniques., Results: A total of 1616 eyes from 967 patients (mean [SD] age, 58.5 [14.0] years; 678 female [70.1%]) were included in this analysis. Findings showed that support vector machines presented the best prediction of BCVA at 3 years (R2 = 0.682; 95% CI, 0.625-0.733) and random forest at 5 years (R2 = 0.660; 95% CI, 0.604-0.710). To predict the risk of visual impairment at 5 years, logistic regression presented the best performance (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve = 0.870; 95% CI, 0.816-0.912). The baseline BCVA (logMAR odds ratio [OR], 0.298; 95% CI, 0.235-0.378; P < .001), prior myopic macular neovascularization (OR, 3.290; 95% CI, 2.209-4.899; P < .001), age (OR, 1.578; 95% CI, 1.227-2.028; P < .001), and category 4 myopic maculopathy (OR, 4.899; 95% CI, 1.431-16.769; P = .01) were the 4 most important predicting variables and associated with increased risk of visual impairment at 5 years., Conclusions and Relevance: Study results suggest that developing models for accurate prediction of the long-term VA for highly myopic eyes based on clinical and imaging information is feasible. Such models could be used for the clinical assessments of future visual acuity.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Possible association between vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 and recurrence of macular edema due to branch retinal vein occlusion: a case report.
- Author
-
Muto T, Machida S, Imaizumi S, and Kamoi K
- Subjects
- Humans, Male, Angiogenesis Inhibitors, COVID-19 prevention & control, Intravitreal Injections, Retrospective Studies, SARS-CoV-2, Tomography, Optical Coherence, Treatment Outcome, Vaccination adverse effects, Middle Aged, BNT162 Vaccine adverse effects, Macular Edema drug therapy, Macular Edema etiology, Retinal Vein Occlusion complications, Retinal Vein Occlusion drug therapy
- Abstract
We herein describe a patient who developed recurrence of macular edema (ME) due to branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) 3 days after administration of the BNT162b2 vaccine against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). A man in his early 50s visited our hospital because of vision loss in his right eye. His logarithmic best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was -0.79 in both eyes. ME due to superior temporal BRVO was observed in his right eye, and the central foveal thickness (CFT) was 486 µm. The patient was treated with an intravitreal aflibercept injection with logarithmic BCVA of -0.79, leading to resolution of the ME with a CFT of 299 µm. Three months after the initial visit, he received a fourth dose of an mRNA vaccine. Three days later, he developed vision loss in his right eye. Although the logarithmic BCVA was maintained at -0.79, ME recurred with a CFT of 507 µm. The patient was treated with an additional dose of intravitreal aflibercept injection. The ME resolved and the logarithmic BCVA in the right eye was maintained at -0.79. This case indicates a possible association between vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 and recurrence of ME due to BRVO., Competing Interests: Declaration of conflicting interestsThe authors declare that there is no conflict of interest.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. Ocular Inflammation Post-Vaccination.
- Author
-
Zou Y, Kamoi K, Zong Y, Zhang J, Yang M, and Ohno-Matsui K
- Abstract
The association between vaccines and ocular disorders has attracted significant attention in scientific research. Numerous mainstream vaccines are associated with a range of uveitis types, including anterior, intermediate, and posterior uveitis. Additionally, they are associated with distinct ocular diseases such as multifocal choroiditis, Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) disease, acute posterior multifocal placoid pigment epitheliopathy (APMPPE), and multiple evanescent white dot syndrome (MEWDS). These ocular conditions are often transient, with a vast majority of patients experiencing improvement after steroid intervention. To date, numerous cases of vaccine-induced uveitis have been reported. This study analyzed the correlation between antiviral vaccines, including the hepatitis B virus (HBV), human papillomavirus (HPV), measles-mumps-rubella (MMR), varicella zoster virus (VZV), and influenza vaccines, and different manifestations of uveitis. This is the first comprehensive study to offer a detailed analysis of uveitis types induced by antiviral vaccines. Through an extensive database search, we found a particularly strong link between influenza vaccines, followed by VZV and HPV vaccines. While anterior uveitis is common, conditions such as APMPPE, MEWDS, and VKH are particularly notable and merit careful consideration in clinical practice. Corticosteroid treatment was effective; however, half of the observed patients did not achieve full recovery, indicating potentially prolonged effects of the vaccine.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. MORPHOLOGIC CHARACTERISTICS AND PROGRESSION PATTERNS OF MACULAR NEOVASCULARIZATION-RELATED ATROPHY IN EYES WITH PATHOLOGIC MYOPIA.
- Author
-
Xie S, Lu H, Chen C, Xiong J, Wang Y, Uramoto K, Kamoi K, Onishi Y, and Ohno-Matsui K
- Subjects
- Humans, Middle Aged, Aged, Fluorescein Angiography, Vision Disorders, Tomography, Optical Coherence methods, Atrophy, Retrospective Studies, Macular Degeneration, Choroidal Neovascularization diagnosis, Choroidal Neovascularization etiology, Myopia
- Abstract
Purpose: To investigate the development and progression patterns of macular neovascularization (MNV)-related atrophies in eyes with pathologic myopia., Methods: Twenty-seven eyes of 26 patients with MNV followed from its onset to progression to macular atrophy were studied. A longitudinal series of autofluorescence and optical coherence tomography images were examined for the patterns of MNV-related atrophy. Changes in best-corrected visual acuity were determined for each pattern., Results: The mean age was 67.2 ± 8.7 years. The mean axial length was 29.6 ± 1.5 mm. Three patterns of atrophy were identified: multiple-atrophic pattern, 63% of the eyes had small atrophies occurring at multiple sites around the MNV edge; single-atrophic pattern, 18.5% had atrophies occurring only on one side of the MNV edge; and exudation-related pattern, 18.5% had atrophy occurring within a previous serous exudation or hemorrhagic area and slightly away from the MNV edge. Eyes with atrophies in multiple-atrophic and exudation-related patterns progressed to large macular atrophies involving the central fovea and showed decrease in best-corrected visual acuity during the 3-year follow-up period. Eyes with single-atrophic pattern had a sparing of the fovea and had good recovery of the best-corrected visual acuity., Conclusion: There are three patterns of MNV-related atrophy in eyes with pathologic myopia with different courses of progression.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. Restoration of a Microdont Using the Resin Composite Injection Technique With a Fully Digital Workflow: A Flexible 3D-printed Index With a Stabilization Holder.
- Author
-
Watanabe K, Tichy A, Kamoi K, Hiasa M, Yonekura K, Tanaka E, Nakajima M, and Hosaka K
- Subjects
- Humans, Workflow, Silicones, Printing, Three-Dimensional, Esthetics, Dental, Composite Resins therapeutic use
- Abstract
Direct composite restorations are accepted as a treatment option for microdontia, which is a relatively prevalent condition that poses esthetic concerns. While free-hand composite placement is technique-sensitive and time-consuming, the resin composite injection technique is more straightforward and predictable. A fully digital workflow has been recently introduced, but the 3D-printed resin index is rigid and challenged by undercuts, as opposed to the silicone index. This case report presents a flexible 3D-printed resin index, which can accurately transfer the digitally simulated functional and esthetic form to the final restoration. In addition, a rigid stabilization holder was designed to stabilize the flexible index., (©Operative Dentistry, 2023.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. Targeted delivery of autoantigen to dendritic cells prevents development of spontaneous uveitis.
- Author
-
Klaska IP, Yu T, Fordyce R, Kamoi K, Cornall RJ, Martin-Granados C, Kuffova L, and Forrester JV
- Subjects
- Animals, Mice, Adoptive Transfer, Dendritic Cells, Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, Autoantigens, Antibodies
- Abstract
Restoration of immunological tolerance to self antigens has been a major drive in understanding the mechanisms of, and developing new treatments for, autoimmune and autoinflammatory disease. Sessile dendritic cells (DC) are considered the main instruments underpinning immunological tolerance particularly the CD205
+ (DEC205+ ) cDC1 subset in contrast to DCIR2+ cDC2 which mediate immunogenicity. Targeting DC using autoantigen peptide-antibody fusion proteins has been a well explored methodology for inducing tolerance. Here we show that subcutaneous (s.c.) inoculation of hen-egg lysozyme (HEL)-DEC205 Ig fusion prevents the development of spontaneous uveoretinitis (experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis, EAU) in a transgenic mouse model generated by crossing interphotoreceptor retinol binding protein (IRBP)-HEL (sTg HEL) with HEL specific TCR (sTg TCR) mice. Prolonged suppression of EAU required injections of HEL-DEC205 Ig once weekly, reflecting the half life of s.c. DC. Interestingly, HEL-DCIR2 Ig also had a suppressive effect on development of EAU but less so than DEC205 Ig while it had minimal effect on preventing the retinal atrophy associated with EAU. In addition, HEL-DEC205 Ig was only effective when administered s.c. rather than systemically and had no effect on EAU induced by adoptive transfer of HEL-activated T cells. These data demonstrate the importance of systemic (lymph node) rather than local (eye) antigen presentation in the development of EAU as well as suggest a potential therapeutic approach to controlling sight-threatening immune-mediated uveitis provided relevant antigen(s) can be identified., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2023 Klaska, Yu, Fordyce, Kamoi, Cornall, Martin-Granados, Kuffova and Forrester.)- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. Digitally Guided Direct Composite Injection Technique with a Bi-layer Clear Mini-Index for the Management of Extensive Occlusal Caries in a Pediatric Patient: A Case Report.
- Author
-
Hosaka K, Tichy A, Yamauti M, Watanabe K, Kamoi K, Yonekura K, Foxton R, and Nakajima M
- Subjects
- Humans, Child, Adolescent, Composite Resins chemistry, Resin Cements chemistry, Antioxidants, Dental Restoration, Permanent, Dentin-Bonding Agents chemistry, Dental Cements chemistry, Dental Caries Susceptibility
- Abstract
Purpose: This case report presents a direct composite inverse injection technique using a bi-layer clear mini-index fabricated with a digital workflow to restore extensive posterior occlusal cavities in a 13-year-old patient., Materials and Methods: After a root canal treatment in the right mandibular first molar and step-wise excavation of deep caries in the left mandibular first molar, the extensive occlusal restorations were digitally designed using CAD software, upon which digital wax-ups were 3D-printed. Bi-layer clear mini-indices consisting of a hard outer plastic layer and an elastic inner silicone layer were prepared from the 3D-printed cast. The bonding surfaces were deproteinized using a 6% sodium hypochlorite solution, and an antioxidant (Clearfil DC Activator; Kuraray Noritake) was utilized to improve the dentin bonding durability of a 2-step self-etch adhesive (Clearfil SE Bond 2; Kuraray Noritake). Subsequently, a highly filled universal-shade flowable resin composite (RC) was incrementally placed into the cavities. To create the final occlusal morphology, the same RC was inversely injected through the opening of the bi-layer indices., Results: The workflow was feasible, and the occlusal cavities were efficiently restored using the injection technique. Occlusal carving and adjustments of the morphology were not necessary, leading to less chair time. At the 1-year follow-up, the clinical outcome was excellent., Conclusion: The injection technique with a bi-layer clear mini-index accurately translated the digital wax-ups into large, final restorations. Precise morphology and shortened chair time enhanced patient satisfaction, but at the expense of multiple visits.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. Biochemical characterization of the RNA-binding and RNA-DNA strand exchange activities of the human RAD52 protein.
- Author
-
Tsuchiya R, Saotome M, Kinoshita C, Kamoi K, and Kagawa W
- Subjects
- Humans, DNA metabolism, DNA Repair, DNA, Single-Stranded metabolism, DNA-Binding Proteins metabolism, Protein Binding, Rad51 Recombinase metabolism, Rad52 DNA Repair and Recombination Protein genetics, Rad52 DNA Repair and Recombination Protein metabolism, RNA metabolism
- Abstract
RAD52 is a single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) binding protein that functions in the repair of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) by promoting the annealing of complementary DNA strands. RAD52 may also play an important role in an RNA transcript-dependent type of DSB repair, in which it reportedly binds to RNA and mediates the RNA-DNA strand exchange reaction. However, the mechanistic details of these functions are still unclear. In the present study, we utilized the domain fragments of RAD52 to biochemically characterize the single-stranded RNA (ssRNA) binding and RNA-DNA strand exchange activities of RAD52. We found that the N-terminal half of RAD52 is primarily responsible for both activities. By contrast, significant differences were observed for the roles of the C-terminal half in RNA-DNA and DNA-DNA strand exchange reactions. The C-terminal fragment stimulated the inverse RNA-DNA strand exchange activity displayed by the N-terminal fragment in trans, whereas the trans stimulatory effect by the C-terminal fragment was not observed in the inverse DNA-DNA or forward RNA-DNA strand exchange reactions. These results suggest the specific function of the C-terminal half of RAD52 in RNA-templated DSB repair., (© The Author(s) 2023. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Japanese Biochemical Society.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis Complicated by Severe Exudative Retinal Detachment and Orbital Granuloma Successfully Controlled with Rituximab: A Case Report.
- Author
-
Sugisawa K, Takase H, Sugihara T, Saito T, Iwasaki Y, Kamoi K, Kawaguchi T, Yasuda S, and Ohno-Matsui K
- Abstract
We report a rare case of severe exudative retinal detachment with orbital granuloma associated with granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA). A 42-year-old man developed bilateral conjunctival hyperemia and eye pain 15 months before presenting to us. Because vitreous cells and retinal detachment were detected in his left eye, he was referred to us for further evaluation. The left eye showed scleral edema, cells in the anterior chamber and anterior vitreous, exudative retinal detachment, and elevated white subretinal lesions from the nasal to the inferior parts of the eye fundus. Orbital contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging revealed a granulomatous lesion, retinal detachment, and fluid retention in the left eyeball. Comprehensive rheumatological evaluation revealed proteinase 3 anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody positivity and a history of otitis media, leading to a GPA diagnosis. Methylprednisolone 1,000 mg/day was administered intravenously for 3 days, followed by oral prednisolone and intravenous cyclophosphamide. Although the retinal detachment decreased, scleritis and choroidal detachment relapse were observed in the left eye after the fifth cyclophosphamide administration. After switching from cyclophosphamide to rituximab, the scleritis and choroidal detachment resolved. Remission was successfully maintained with biannual rituximab administration. In this case, we conclude that rituximab was important to re-induce and maintain remission after recurrence. Collaboration with a rheumatologist is essential for proper treatment in related cases. This is the first report of ultra-widefield and multimodal imaging for retinal detachment associated with GPA., Competing Interests: The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare., (© 2023 The Author(s). Published by S. Karger AG, Basel.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. COMPLEX HEMODYNAMICS OF INTERVORTEX VEIN ANASTOMOSES IN HIGHLY MYOPIC EYES.
- Author
-
Lu H, Xie S, Xiong J, Chen C, Wang Y, Moriyama M, Kamoi K, Uramoto K, and Ohno-Matsui K
- Subjects
- Humans, Fluorescein Angiography methods, Retrospective Studies, Sclera, Hemodynamics, Choroid blood supply, Coloring Agents, Indocyanine Green, Myopia surgery
- Abstract
Purpose: To analyze the complex pattern of filling of the intervortex vein (IVV) anastomoses through large trunks in highly myopic eyes based on indocyanine green angiographic (ICGA) videos., Methods: The medical records of 1,060 consecutive highly myopic eyes that had undergone ICGA were studied. IVV anastomoses were identified in the ICGA images, and the ICGA images and videos were analyzed comprehensively to characterize their hemodynamic features., Results: Seven eyes with IVV anastomoses through large trunks were analyzed. In the ICGA videos of six eyes, laminar flow was observed in the IVV anastomotic vessels. The laminar flow started in the arterial phase in two eyes, with pulsatile fashion in 1 of them. The flow began in the early arteriovenous transition phase in four eyes. The laminar flow continued for a mean of 12.17 ± 3.06 seconds, and the remaining section was gradually filled slower than the surrounding veins. The anastomotic trunk for the remaining one eye was too narrow to be analyzed. Four eyes had longitudinal ICGA records, and two had significant attenuation and narrowing of the anastomotic vessels., Conclusion: The very early filling of part of the IVV anastomoses suggests that arteriovenous anastomoses are involved in the IVV of highly myopic eyes. However, this suggestion needs further study. There may be similar pathogenesis for IVV anastomoses either in thick or thin sclera.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. Viral Conjunctivitis.
- Author
-
Muto T, Imaizumi S, and Kamoi K
- Subjects
- Humans, Adenoviridae, Simplexvirus, Conjunctivitis, Viral diagnosis, Conjunctivitis, Adenoviridae Infections, Keratitis, Herpetic, Adenovirus Infections, Human diagnosis, Adenovirus Infections, Human epidemiology, Adenoviruses, Human
- Abstract
Viruses account for 80% of all cases of acute conjunctivitis and adenovirus; enterovirus and herpes virus are the common causative agents. In general, viral conjunctivitis spreads easily. Therefore, to control the spread, it is crucial to quickly diagnose illnesses, strictly implement hand washing laws, and sanitize surfaces. Swelling of the lid margin and ciliary injection are subjective symptoms, and eye discharge is frequently serofibrinous. Preauricular lymph node swelling can occasionally occur. Approximately 80% of cases of viral conjunctivitis are caused by adenoviruses. Adenoviral conjunctivitis may become a big global concern and may cause a pandemic. Diagnosis of herpes simplex viral conjunctivitis is crucial for using corticosteroid eye solution as a treatment for adenovirus conjunctivitis. Although specific treatments are not always accessible, early diagnosis of viral conjunctivitis may help to alleviate short-term symptoms and avoid long-term consequences.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. LONGITUDINAL STUDY OF CHANGES IN INNER SCLERAL CURVATURE PATTERNS AND DEVELOPMENT OF POSTERIOR STAPHYLOMAS IN HIGHLY MYOPIC EYES OF CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS.
- Author
-
Chen C, Du R, Xie S, Lu H, Xiong J, Wang Y, Nakao N, Takahashi H, Igarashi-Yokoi T, Kamoi K, Uramoto K, and Ohno-Matsui K
- Subjects
- Humans, Adolescent, Child, Longitudinal Studies, Retrospective Studies, Sclera, Tomography, Optical Coherence methods, Myopia, Degenerative, Scleral Diseases
- Abstract
Purpose: To determine the longitudinal changes in patterns of inner scleral curvature and development of posterior staphylomas in the eyes of highly myopic youths., Methods: A retrospective, longitudinal study. Ultra-widefield optic coherence tomographic (UWF-OCT) images from 47 eyes of 24 highly myopic patients with a follow-up period of 2 to 4 years were analyzed. Patients were divided into two groups, the children group younger than 10 years and the adolescents group aged 11 to 19 years., Results: During the follow-up period, the scleral curvature patterns changed in either the horizontal or vertical optical coherence tomographic sections in 27 of the 46 eyes (58.7%) of both groups. The changes were significantly more frequent in children than adolescents. The change in the vertical section from symmetrical to asymmetrical in almost of children was correlated with an increase in the axial length and myopia. Four eyes had a staphyloma at the baseline. The staphyloma developed in six eyes of the remaining 43 eyes (14%). All staphyloma edges were found at or around the optic disc and were oriented in the horizontal direction., Conclusion: Our results showed that UWF-OCT images can be used to determine the process of new staphyloma formation and concurrent changes in scleral curvature patterns.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Mpox (Monkeypox) and the Eye: Ocular Manifestation, Diagnosis, Treatment and Vaccination.
- Author
-
Zong Y, Kamoi K, Zhang J, Yang M, and Ohno-Matsui K
- Subjects
- Humans, Eye, Vaccination, Disease Outbreaks prevention & control, Health Personnel, Monkeypox virus, Mpox (monkeypox) diagnosis, Mpox (monkeypox) epidemiology, Mpox (monkeypox) prevention & control
- Abstract
At present, the world is at the tipping point of the outbreak of mpox. The World Health Organization has declared the current mpox outbreak a 'public health emergency of international concern'. Mpox has been shown to be associated with several ocular manifestations. Given the current state of the mpox outbreak, healthcare providers, particularly ophthalmologists, need to be aware of these ophthalmic symptoms and how to manage them. In this review, we highlight current knowledge on the ocular symptoms of mpox virus (MPXV) infections and how to detect them. In addition, we summarize the treatment strategies for these ocular manifestations of MPXV infections and outline the relationship between vaccination and the ocular symptoms of mpox.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Uveitis.
- Author
-
Yang M, Kamoi K, Zong Y, Zhang J, and Ohno-Matsui K
- Subjects
- Humans, HIV, Eye, Coinfection epidemiology, Uveitis diagnosis, Uveitis epidemiology, Uveitis etiology, HIV Infections complications, HIV Infections drug therapy, HIV Infections epidemiology
- Abstract
Uveitis is one of the most common ocular complications in people living with the Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and can be classified into HIV-induced uveitis, co-infection related uveitis, immune recovery uveitis, and drug-induced uveitis. The introduction of antiretroviral therapy has considerably changed the incidence, diagnosis, and treatment of different types of HIV-related uveitis. Furthermore, the specific immune condition of patients infected with HIV makes diagnosing HIV-related uveitis difficult. Recent studies have focused on the growing prevalence of syphilis/tuberculosis co-infection in uveitis. Simultaneously, more studies have demonstrated that HIV can directly contribute to the incidence of uveitis. However, the detailed mechanism has not been studied. Immune recovery uveitis is diagnosed by exclusion, and recent studies have addressed the role of biomarkers in its diagnosis. This review highlights recent updates on HIV-related uveitis. Furthermore, it aims to draw the attention of infectious disease physicians and ophthalmologists to the ocular health of patients infected with HIV.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. Safety of intraocular anti-VEGF antibody treatment under in vitro HTLV-1 infection.
- Author
-
Zong Y, Kamoi K, Kurozumi-Karube H, Zhang J, Yang M, and Ohno-Matsui K
- Subjects
- Adult, Humans, NF-kappa B, Cytokines, Proviruses, Human T-lymphotropic virus 1, HTLV-I Infections, Paraparesis, Tropical Spastic
- Abstract
Introduction: HTLV-1 (human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1) is a retrovirus that infects approximately 20 million people worldwide. Many diseases are caused by this virus, including HTLV-1-associated myelopathy, adult T-cell leukemia, and HTLV-1 uveitis. Intraocular anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) antibody injection has been widely used in ophthalmology, and it is reportedly effective against age-related macular degeneration, complications of diabetic retinopathy, and retinal vein occlusions. HTLV-1 mimics VEGF
165 , the predominant isoform of VEGF, to recruit neuropilin-1 and heparan sulfate proteoglycans. VEGF165 is also a selective competitor of HTLV-1 entry. Here, we investigated the effects of an anti-VEGF antibody on ocular status under conditions of HTLV-1 infection in vitro ., Methods: We used MT2 and TL-Om1 cells as HTLV-1-infected cells and Jurkat cells as controls. Primary human retinal pigment epithelial cells (HRPEpiCs) and ARPE19 HRPEpiCs were used as ocular cells; MT2/TL-Om1/Jurkat cells and HRPEpiCs/ARPE19 cells were co-cultured to simulate the intraocular environment of HTLV-1-infected patients. Aflibercept was administered as an anti-VEGF antibody. To avoid possible T-cell adhesion, we lethally irradiated MT2/TL-Om1/Jurkat cells prior to the experiments., Results: Anti-VEGF antibody treatment had no effect on activated NF-κB production, inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, HTLV-1 proviral load (PVL), or cell counts in the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) under MT2 co-culture conditions. Under TL-Om1 co-culture conditions, anti-VEGF antibody treatment did not affect the production of activated NF-κB, chemokines, PVL, or cell counts, but production of the inflammatory cytokine IL-6 was increased. In addition, anti-VEGF treatment did not affect PVL in HTLV-1-infected T cells., Conclusion: This preliminary in vitro assessment indicates that intraocular anti-VEGF antibody treatment for HTLV-1 infection does not exacerbate HTLV-1-related inflammation and thus may be safe for use., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. The reviewer MM declared a shared affiliation with the authors to the handling editor at the time of review., (Copyright © 2023 Zong, Kamoi, Kurozumi-Karube, Zhang, Yang and Ohno-Matsui.)- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. Ten-year follow-up of infliximab treatment for uveitis in Behçet disease patients: A multicenter retrospective study.
- Author
-
Takeuchi M, Usui Y, Namba K, Keino H, Takeuchi M, Takase H, Kamoi K, Hase K, Ito T, Nakai K, Maruyama K, Kobayashi E, Mashimo H, Sato T, Ohguro N, Hori J, Okada AA, Sonoda KH, Mizuki N, and Goto H
- Abstract
Purpose: To evaluate 10-year outcome of infliximab (IFX) treatment for uveitis in Behçet disease (BD) patients using a standardized follow-up protocol., Design: Retrospective longitudinal cohort study., Participants: 140 BD uveitis patients treated with IFX enrolled in our previous study., Methods: Medical records were reviewed for demographic information, duration of IFX treatment, number of ocular attacks before IFX initiation, best corrected visual acuity (VA) at baseline and 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 10 years after IFX initiation, uveitis recurrence after IFX initiation and main anatomical site, concomitant therapies, and adverse events (AEs)., Main Outcome Measures: 10-year IFX continuation rate and change in LogMAR VA., Results: Of 140 BD patients, 106 (75.7%) continued IFX treatment for 10 years. LogMAR VA improved gradually after initiation of IFX, and the improvement reached statistical significance from 2 years of treatment. Thereafter, significant improvement compared with baseline was maintained until 10 years, despite a slight deterioration of logMAR VA from 5 years. However, eyes with worse baseline decimal VA < 0.1 showed no significant improvement from baseline to 10 years. Uveitis recurred after IFX initiation in 50 patients (recurrence group) and did not recur in 56 (non-recurrence group). Ocular attacks/year before IFX initiation was significantly higher in the recurrence group (2.82 ± 3.81) than in the non-recurrence group (1.84 ± 1.78). In the recurrence group, uveitis recurred within 1 year in 58% and within 2 years in 74%. Seventeen patients (34%) had recurrent anterior uveitis, 17 (34%) had posterior uveitis, and 16 (32%) had panuveitis, with no significant difference in VA outcome. In addition, logMAR VA at 10 years did not differ between the recurrence and non-recurrence groups. AEs occurred among 43 patients (30.7%), and 24 (17.1%) resulted in IFX discontinuation before 10 years., Conclusions: Among BD patients with uveitis who initiated IFX, approximately 75% continued treatment for 10 years, and their VA improved significantly and was maintained for 10 years. Uveitis recurred in one-half of the patients, but visual acuity did not differ significantly from the patients without recurrence., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2023 Takeuchi, Usui, Namba, Keino, Takeuchi, Takase, Kamoi, Hase, Ito, Nakai, Maruyama, Kobayashi, Mashimo, Sato, Ohguro, Hori, Okada, Sonoda, Mizuki and Goto.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Cytomegalovirus Anterior Uveitis: Clinical Manifestations, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Immunological Mechanisms.
- Author
-
Zhang J, Kamoi K, Zong Y, Yang M, and Ohno-Matsui K
- Subjects
- Male, Humans, Cytomegalovirus genetics, Ganciclovir, Antiviral Agents therapeutic use, Retrospective Studies, DNA, Viral analysis, Eye Infections, Viral diagnosis, Eye Infections, Viral drug therapy, Cytomegalovirus Infections diagnosis, Cytomegalovirus Infections drug therapy, Uveitis, Anterior diagnosis, Uveitis, Anterior drug therapy, Uveitis, Anterior complications, Glaucoma complications, Glaucoma drug therapy
- Abstract
Little is known regarding anterior uveitis (AU), the most common ocular disease associated with cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection in immunocompetent populations. CMV AU is highly prevalent in Asia, with a higher incidence in men. Clinically, it manifests mainly as anterior chamber inflammation and elevated intraocular pressure (IOP). Acute CMV AU may resemble Posner-Schlossman syndrome with its recurrent hypertensive iritis, while chronic CMV AU may resemble Fuchs uveitis because of its elevated IOP. Without prompt treatment, it may progress to glaucoma; therefore, early diagnosis is critical to prognosis. Knowledge regarding clinical features and aqueous humor analyses can facilitate accurate diagnoses; so, we compared and summarized these aspects. Early antiviral treatment reduces the risk of a glaucoma surgery requirement, and therapeutic effects vary based on drug delivery. Both oral valganciclovir and topical ganciclovir can produce positive clinical outcomes, and higher concentration and frequency are beneficial in chronic CMV retinitis. An extended antiviral course could prevent relapses, but should be limited to 6 months to prevent drug resistance and side effects. In this review, we have systematically summarized the pathogenesis, clinical features, diagnostic and therapeutic aspects, and immunological mechanisms of CMV AU with the goal of providing a theoretical foundation for early clinical diagnosis and treatment.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. Hospital-Based Study of Risk Factors Associated with Development of Myopic Macular Neovascularization in Highly Myopic Eyes.
- Author
-
Du R, Xie S, Lu H, Chen C, Xiong J, Uramoto K, Takahashi H, Onishi Y, Kamoi K, Nakao N, Fang Y, and Ohno-Matsui K
- Subjects
- Female, Humans, Visual Acuity, Vision Disorders, Neovascularization, Pathologic, Risk Factors, Atrophy complications, Retrospective Studies, Tomography, Optical Coherence, Retinal Detachment etiology, Myopia, Retinal Diseases diagnosis, Macular Degeneration complications, Myopia, Degenerative complications, Myopia, Degenerative diagnosis
- Abstract
Introduction: Myopic macular neovascularization (MNV) is the most common cause of a reduction of central vision in eyes with pathologic myopia, and it can progress to macular atrophy in the long term. The aim of this study was to determine the risk factors associated with the development of MNVs., Methods: There were 17,198 follow-up records from 5,409 eyes of 2,784 highly myopic patients that were reviewed. The general information and ophthalmic information in the records were studied. The significance of the correlations of factors associated with the development and predicting the development of myopic MNV were determined., Results: Being a woman (odds ratio [OR] = 0.727, p < 0.001), having a longer axial length (OR = 0.948, p < 0.001), having a poorer baseline best-correct visual acuity (BCVA, OR = 2.098, p < 0.001), having severe myopic maculopathy (overall: p < 0.001), prior myopic MNV in the fellow eye (OR = 4.105, p < 0.001), presence of patchy atrophy (overall p < 0.001), lacquer cracks (OR = 1.718, p < 0.001), prior foveal retinal detachment (RD, OR = 3.269, p < 0.001), prior macular hole (MH, OR = 0.641, p < 0.001), prior macular retinoschisis (OR = 1.533, p < 0.001), and prior macular edema (OR = 1.508, p < 0.001) were significantly correlated with the development of myopic MNV. Eyes with MNV and patchy atrophy would require an intensive follow-up examination for myopic patients as the fellow eye would have a risk of >70% for the development of myopic MNV in 3 years and nearly 80% in 5 years., Conclusions: Clinicians need to pay special attention to eyes with severe grades of myopic maculopathy, prior myopic MNV in the fellow eye, presence of patchy atrophy, and prior foveal retinal detachment to determine the onset of myopic MNV., (© 2022 The Author(s). Published by S. Karger AG, Basel.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Papillary and Peripapillary Hemorrhages in Eyes With Pathologic Myopia.
- Author
-
Xiong J, Du R, Xie S, Lu H, Chen C, Lgarashi-Yokoi T, Uramoto K, Onishi Y, Yoshida T, Kamoi K, and Ohno-Matsui K
- Subjects
- Humans, Middle Aged, Aged, Retrospective Studies, Vision Disorders, Hemorrhage, Atrophy, Myopia, Degenerative complications, Myopia, Degenerative diagnosis, Glaucoma
- Abstract
Purpose: To determine the prevalence, characteristics, and causes of papillary and peripapillary hemorrhages (PPHs) in eyes with pathologic myopia (PM)., Methods: PM patients were retrospectively studied between 2011 and 2018. Fundus images were used to diagnose and classify the PPHs. Fundus fluorescein angiographic (FFA) and optical coherence tomographic (OCT) images were used to determine the status of the retinal vessels and tissue at and around the PPH sites. Visual field data determined by Goldmann perimetry and Humphrey visual field analyzer were also analyzed., Results: A total of 2171 PM patients (3774 eyes) were examined. Eighty-eight patients (97 eyes) had PPHs (mean age 66.8 ± 11.9 years; mean axial length 30.79 ± 2.17 mm) for a prevalence of 4.05%. Thirty (30.9%) eyes recurred. Among the 90 eyes with a single-site PPH, the most common type and location were the conus type (49 eyes, 54.4%) and the temporal side (66 eyes, 73.3%), respectively. Regression analysis showed that patchy atrophy reduced the risk of recurrences than diffuse atrophy (P < 0.05), whereas a longer axial length and potential glaucoma increased the risk (both P < 0.05). FFA and OCT showed that PPHs developed in the area of straightened retinal arterioles (24 eyes), at or beside the peak of a ridge (10 eyes), in an area of compressed retinal tissue (two eyes)., Conclusions: PPHs are present in 4.05% of PM eyes, and they are most often located in the temporal peripapillary atrophic region of the retina. Axial elongation, mild myopic maculopathy, and potential glaucoma are risk factors for recurrences.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. Dilated choroidal veins and their role in recurrences of myopic macular neovascularisations.
- Author
-
Xie S, Du R, Fang Y, Onishi Y, Igarashi T, Takahashi H, Kamoi K, and Ohno-Matsui K
- Subjects
- Choroid blood supply, Endothelial Growth Factors, Fluorescein Angiography, Humans, Retrospective Studies, Tomography, Optical Coherence, Choroidal Neovascularization diagnosis, Choroidal Neovascularization drug therapy, Choroidal Neovascularization etiology, Myopia complications
- Abstract
Aim: To determine whether there is a correlation between the presence of macular dilated choroidal vein (DCV) and the recurrence of myopic macular neovascularisation (MNV) after antivascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) treatment., Methods: Medical records of 168 eyes of 163 patients with myopic MNV were reviewed for the presence of macular DCV and episodes of recurrences. A macular DCV was defined as a choroidal vein whose diameter was 2× larger than the adjacent veins coursing in the macular area of 5.5 mm diameter., Results: Macular DCV existed in 47 (28%) of the eyes with myopic MNV. 70 eyes (41.7%) had recurrence during a mean follow-up period of 52.5±23.0 months. Recurrence was found in 28 of the 47 eyes (59.6%) with DCV, which was significantly more frequent than the 42 of the 121 eyes (34.7%) without DCV (p=0.003). Cox model analysis showed that macular DCV was an independent risk factor (HR: 2.0, 95% CI 1.1 to 3.5) for recurrence. The recurrence rate was significantly higher in eyes with DCV within the first 2 years after the onset than in eyes without DCV., Conclusions: Macular DCVs may be indicators of a more aggressive phenotype of eyes with myopic MNV. These eyes need careful monitoring after anti-VEGF therapies., Competing Interests: Competing interests: None declared., (© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2022. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. Factors associated with low prevalence of Fuchs' uveitis syndrome in Japan.
- Author
-
Yoneda Y, Usui Y, Tanaka R, Hase K, Namba K, Kamoi K, Takase H, Takeuchi M, Matsumiya W, Kusuhara S, Takeda A, Yawata N, Yanai R, Hiyama T, Harada Y, Hashida N, Maruyama K, Nakai K, Taguchi R, Kaburaki T, Mizuki N, Goto H, Fujino Y, and Takeuchi M
- Abstract
Aim: To investigate the causes of low prevalence of Fuchs' uveitis syndrome (FUS) in Japan., Methods: Medical records of 160 patients diagnosed with FUS at 14 uveitis specialty facilities in Japan were reviewed retrospectively., Results: In 160 FUS patients, mean follow-up period before referral to our uveitis facilities was 31.6 ± 50.9 months. The most common reason for referral was idiopathic uveitis (61.9%), followed by cataract (25.0%), high intraocular pressure (IOP) including glaucoma (16.3%), and FUS (14.4%). Unilateral involvement was 96.9%. The most frequent ocular finding of FUS was anterior inflammation (91.9%), followed by stellate-shaped keratic precipitates (88.1%), cataract/pseudophakia (88.1%), diffuse iris atrophy (84.4%), vitreous opacity (62.5%), heterochromia (53.1%) and high IOP including glaucoma (36.3%). As treatments of these ocular findings, cataract surgery was performed in 52.5%, glaucoma surgery in 10.6%, and vitrectomy in 13.8%. Mean logMAR VA was 0.28 ± 0.59 at the initial visit, and decreased significantly to 0.04 ± 0.32 at the last visit. Proportions of FUS patients with BCVA <0.1 and 0.1 to <0.5 decreased, while that of ≥0.5 increased at the last visit compared with the initial visit., Conclusions: Ocular findings of FUS in Japanese FUS patients were consistent with the characteristic features. The low prevalence of FUS in Japan may be a result of being overlooked and misdiagnosed as mild idiopathic uveitis, cataract, and/or glaucoma., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2022 Yoneda, Usui, Tanaka, Hase, Namba, Kamoi, Takase, Takeuchi, Matsumiya, Kusuhara, Takeda, Yawata, Yanai, Hiyama, Harada, Hashida, Maruyama, Nakai, Taguchi, Kaburaki, Mizuki, Goto, Fujino and Takeuchi.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. ANOMALIES OF CHOROIDAL VENOUS STRUCTURE IN HIGHLY MYOPIC EYES.
- Author
-
Lu H, Du R, Xie S, Xiong J, Chen C, Moriyama M, Igarashi-Yokoi T, Takahashi H, Kamoi K, Uramoto K, Nakao N, and Ohno-Matsui K
- Subjects
- Choroid blood supply, Fluorescein Angiography, Humans, Retrospective Studies, Tomography, Optical Coherence, Macula Lutea, Myopia, Degenerative diagnosis, Retinal Diseases, Scleral Diseases
- Abstract
Purpose: To identify anomalies of choroidal venous structure in highly myopic (HM) eyes., Methods: Widefield indocyanine green angiographic images of 175 HM eyes (refractive error ≤ -6.0D diopters or axial length >26.5 mm) and 100 control eyes taken between January 2014 and December 2018 were reviewed., Results: There were no significant differences in age and gender between HM patients and controls. Three types of changes of large choroidal veins were found in 103 HM eyes (58.86%): Asymmetry of vortex veins in 44 eyes (25.14%), isolated long vein across the macula in 58 eyes (33.14%), and intervortex anastomoses in 25 eyes (14.29%). Similar changes in controls were found in 12 eyes (12%), 0 eye (0%), and 2 eyes (2%), respectively, which were significantly lower than those in the HM group (all P < 0.05). The patterns of asymmetry were affected by steeper staphyloma edges and anastomoses were observed through large trunks and terminal venules. In two eyes with large trunk anastomosis, attenuation of the less dominant vortex vein was observed afterward., Conclusion: Choroidal venous anomalies are more common in HM eyes than controls. Choroidal venous structure in HM eyes may be altering continuously, and such changes may underlie the development of myopic maculopathy.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. Mechanism of Secondary Glaucoma Development in HTLV-1 Uveitis.
- Author
-
Zong Y, Kamoi K, Ando N, Kurozumi-Karube H, and Ohno-Matsui K
- Abstract
Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) was the first retrovirus identified as the causative agent of human diseases, such as adult T-cell leukemia, HTLV-1-associated myelopathy, and HTLV-1 uveitis (HU). HU is one of the most frequent ocular inflammatory diseases in endemic areas, which has raised considerable public health concerns. Approximately 30% of HU patients develop secondary glaucoma, which is higher than the general uveitis incidence. We therefore investigated the mechanism underlying the high incidence of glaucoma secondary to HU in vitro. After contact with HTLV-1-producing T cells (MT-2), human trabecular meshwork cells (HTMCs) were infected. The infected cells increased in number, and nuclear factor (NF)-κB expression was activated. Contact between MT-2 cells and HTMCs resulted in significantly upregulated production of inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-6, and chemokines, such as CXCL10, CCL2, and CXCL-8. These findings indicate that the mechanism underlying secondary glaucoma in HU may involve proliferation of trabecular meshwork tissue after contact with HTLV-1-infected cells, resulting in decreased aqueous humor outflow. Upregulated production of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines simultaneously disrupts the normal trabecular meshwork function. This mechanism presumably leads to increased intraocular pressure, eventually resulting in secondary glaucoma., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2022 Zong, Kamoi, Ando, Kurozumi-Karube and Ohno-Matsui.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Updates on HTLV-1 Uveitis.
- Author
-
Kamoi K, Watanabe T, Uchimaru K, Okayama A, Kato S, Kawamata T, Kurozumi-Karube H, Horiguchi N, Zong Y, Yamano Y, Hamaguchi I, Nannya Y, Tojo A, and Ohno-Matsui K
- Subjects
- Adult, Female, Humans, Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical, Proviruses, HTLV-I Infections, Human T-lymphotropic virus 1, Paraparesis, Tropical Spastic, Uveitis
- Abstract
HTLV-1 uveitis (HU) is the third clinical entity to be designated as an HTLV-1-associated disease. Although HU is considered to be the second-most frequent HTLV-1-associated disease in Japan, information on HU is limited compared to that on adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) and HTLV-1-associated myelopathy (HAM). Recent studies have addressed several long-standing uncertainties about HU. HTLV-1-related diseases are known to be caused mainly through vertical transmission (mother-to-child transmission), but emerging HTLV-1 infection by horizontal transmission (such as sexual transmission) has become a major problem in metropolitan areas, such as Tokyo, Japan. Investigation in Tokyo showed that horizontal transmission of HTLV-1 was responsible for HU with severe and persistent ocular inflammation. The development of ATL and HAM is known to be related to a high provirus load and hence involves a long latency period. On the other hand, factors contributing to the development of HU are poorly understood. Recent investigations revealed that severe HU occurs against a background of Graves' disease despite a low provirus load and short latency period. This review highlights the recent knowledge on HU and provides an update on the topic of HU in consideration of a recent nationwide survey.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. PREVALENCE AND CHARACTERISTICS OF MULTIFOCAL CHOROIDITIS/PUNCTATE INNER CHOROIDOPATHY IN PATHOLOGIC MYOPIA EYES WITH PATCHY ATROPHY.
- Author
-
Hady SK, Xie S, Freund KB, Cunningham ET Jr, Wong CW, Cheung CMG, Kamoi K, Igarashi-Yokoi T, Ali OM, Wasfi EI, Rateb MF, and Ohno-Matsui K
- Subjects
- Aged, Atrophy, Fluorescein Angiography, Humans, Middle Aged, Multifocal Choroiditis, Prevalence, Retrospective Studies, Tomography, Optical Coherence methods, Vision Disorders, Myopia complications, Myopia diagnosis, Myopia epidemiology, White Dot Syndromes
- Abstract
Purpose: To determine the prevalence and characteristics of multifocal choroiditis/punctate inner choroidopathy (MFC/PIC) in eyes with patchy atrophy because of pathologic myopia., Methods: Five hundred eyes of 253 patients with patchy atrophy were examined between 2014 and 2020 at the Advanced Clinical Center for Myopia. The main outcome measures included the prevalence and characteristics of active MFC/PIC lesions diagnosed by optical coherence tomography., Results: Fifty-five of the 500 eyes (11%) diagnosed with patchy atrophy had optical coherence tomography features of active MFC/PIC lesions, such as focal elevations of the retinal pigment epithelium filled with medium hyperreflectivity material, curvilinear scars (Schlaegel lines), and/or areas of outer retinal atrophy. At the time when the MFC/PIC was diagnosed, the mean age was 57.3 ± 12.0 years, and the mean axial length was 29.2 ± 1.8 mm. Macular neovascularization was found in 45 of eyes (81.8%) with MFC/PIC versus 151 eyes without such findings (33.9%; P < 0.001). In 25 of the 55 eyes (45.5%), active MFC/PIC lesions were found before the development of the patchy atrophy. The Bruch membrane defects were colocated with these lesions., Conclusion: Active MFC/PIC lesions were identified in a minority of eyes with pathologic myopia, and a subset of these lesions were observed to progress to findings indistinguishable from myopic patchy atrophy. Evidence of MFC/PIC in eyes with pathologic myopia appeared to be a risk factor for the development of macular neovascularization.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Structural Abnormalities in the Papillary and Peripapillary Areas and Corresponding Visual Field Defects in Eyes With Pathologic Myopia.
- Author
-
Xie S, Kamoi K, Igarashi-Yokoi T, Uramoto K, Takahashi H, Nakao N, and Ohno-Matsui K
- Subjects
- Aged, Humans, Intraocular Pressure, Middle Aged, Retrospective Studies, Tomography, Optical Coherence methods, Vision Disorders diagnosis, Visual Field Tests, Visual Fields, Myopia complications, Myopia pathology, Optic Disk pathology
- Abstract
Purpose: To identify structural abnormalities in the papillary and peripapillary area in eyes with pathologic myopia (PM) and normal IOP and to determine their relationship to visual field (VF) defects., Methods: One hundred eight eyes of 70 patients with PM were retrospectively studied. The disc-centered swept source optical coherence tomographic images and the Goldmann VF recorded within 1 year of the optical coherence tomographic examination were analyzed. Four structural abnormalities were identified: lamina cribrosa (LC) defects, ridge protrusions, intrachoroidal cavitations (ICC), and prelaminar schisis. The correspondence of the VF defects with the structural abnormalities was assessed., Results: The mean age, axial length, and optic disc area of the 108 eyes were 58.7 ± 10.0 years, 31.1 ± 2.4 mm, and 4.7 ± 2.2 mm2, respectively. Eighty-five of the 108 eyes (78.7%) had at least one abnormality and 49.4% (42/85) had two or more abnormalities. LC defects, ridge protrusions, ICC, and prelaminar schisis were detected in 47.2%, 33.3%, 21.3%, and 30.6% of the eyes, respectively. VF defects at the corresponding areas of these structural abnormalities were seen in 63% of the eyes with LC defects, 39% of the eyes with ridge protrusions, and 21% of the eyes with ICC., Conclusions: Four kinds of structural abnormalities with corresponding VF defects are commonly observed in the papillary and peripapillary region of eyes with PM. The presence of these abnormalities suggests a possibility of functional damage.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Long-term incidence of posterior capsular opacification in patients with non-infectious uveitis.
- Author
-
Kitaguchi-Iwakiri Y, Kamoi K, Takase H, Okubo Y, and Ohno-Matsui K
- Subjects
- Acrylic Resins, Humans, Incidence, Lens Implantation, Intraocular adverse effects, Lens Implantation, Intraocular methods, Postoperative Complications etiology, Prosthesis Design, Retrospective Studies, Capsule Opacification epidemiology, Capsule Opacification etiology, Capsule Opacification surgery, Cataract complications, Cataract etiology, Lens Capsule, Crystalline surgery, Ozone, Phacoemulsification adverse effects, Uveitis complications, Uveitis etiology
- Abstract
Little is known about the long-term incidence of posterior capsule opacification (PCO) after cataract surgery in patients with uveitis. This retrospective study included 211 eyes of 146 patients with non-infectious uveitis who underwent cataract surgery and implantation of an Acrysof SN60WF (Surface: plasma-treated, Optic and Haptic: hydrophobic acrylic), iSert XY-1 (Surface: UV-ozone-treated, Optic and Haptic: hydrophobic acrylic), or iSert 251/255 (Surface: UV-ozone-treated, Optics: hydrophobic acrylic, Haptic: polymethyl methacrylate). The cumulative incidences of PCO and subsequent yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Nd:YAG) capsulotomy over the 5-year follow-up were analyzed, and patients who were implanted with different intraocular lenses (IOLs) were compared. Mixed-effects Cox proportional hazard models showed that, compared with the Acrysof group, the iSert XY-1 group had higher risks of PCO (adjusted HR, 7.26; 95% CI, 1.82-28.8) and Nd:YAG capsulotomy (adjusted HR, 6.50; 95% CI, 1.55-27.2). Similar results were obtained when the Acrysof group was compared with the iSert 251/255 group for PCO (adjusted HR, 8.22; 95% CI, 2.35-28.7) and Nd:YAG capsulotomy (adjusted HR, 8.26; 1.90-36.0). These data suggest that a plasma-treated surface, hydrophobic acrylic optic and hydrophobic acrylic haptic, of the IOL could enhance biocompatibility even under inflammatory conditions, thus suppressing PCO development., (© 2022. The Author(s).)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. HTLV-1 uveitis and Graves' disease presenting with sudden onset of blurred vision.
- Author
-
Kamoi K, Uchimaru K, Tojo A, Watanabe T, and Ohno-Matsui K
- Subjects
- Adult, Diagnosis, Differential, Female, Fluorescein Angiography, HTLV-I Infections complications, HTLV-I Infections virology, Human T-lymphotropic virus 1 isolation & purification, Humans, Uveitis complications, Uveitis virology, Graves Disease complications, HTLV-I Infections diagnosis, Uveitis diagnosis, Vision Disorders virology
- Abstract
Competing Interests: Declaration of interests We declare no competing interests.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. High Durability of a 14-Membered Hexaaza Macrocyclic Fe Complex for an Acidic Oxygen Reduction Reaction Revealed by In Situ XAS Analysis.
- Author
-
Ohyama J, Moriya M, Takahama R, Kamoi K, Kawashima S, Kojima R, Hayakawa T, and Nabae Y
- Abstract
Nonplatinum metal (NPM) catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) have been developed; however, NPM catalysts still need to be improved in terms of both their catalytic activity and durability. To overcome these problems, an Fe active site contained within a more compact ligand than conventional, porphyrinic, 16-membered ring ligands, or more specifically, a hexaaza macrocyclic ligand with a 14-membered ring (14MR), was developed. In this study, the durability of the Fe-14MR complex was compared to that of Fe phthalocyanine (FePc), which has a 16-membered ring ligand, using in situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy; demetalation of the Fe complexes was directly observed during electrochemical experiments performed under acidic ORR conditions. It was found that Fe-14MR is significantly more resistant to demetalation than FePc during the ORR., Competing Interests: The authors declare no competing financial interest., (© 2021 The Authors. Published by American Chemical Society.)
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Blue Widefield Images of Scanning Laser Ophthalmoscope Can Detect Retinal Ischemic Areas in Eyes With Diabetic Retinopathy.
- Author
-
Horie S, Kukimoto N, Kamoi K, Igarashi-Yokoi T, Yoshida T, and Ohno-Matsui K
- Subjects
- Humans, Lasers, Ophthalmoscopes, Retina diagnostic imaging, Retrospective Studies, Diabetes Mellitus, Diabetic Retinopathy diagnostic imaging
- Abstract
Purpose: To determine whether the hyporeflective areas in the blue images obtained by widefield scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (SLO) correspond to the non-perfused areas (NPAs) in the fluorescein angiograms (FA) in eyes with diabetic retinopathy (DR)., Design: Retrospective observational case series., Methods: Ninety patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) were studied. All had undergone multicolor widefield SLO imaging. The NPAs in the FA images and hyporeflective areas in the blue widefield SLO images were examined. The morphology of the retina was determined by optical coherence tomography., Results: Hyporeflective areas in the blue SLO images were found with a rate of 76.6% in eyes with proliferative DR eyes. In a comparison of the hyporeflective areas of the blue SLO images to the non-perfused areas in the FA images, the appearance and the correspondence in the locations of these two types of images were found, and the rate was highly concordant with a Cohen's kappa value of 0.675., Conclusions: The high concordance between the hyporeflective areas in the widefield blue SLO and the NPAs in the FA indicates that widefield blue SLO can be used to identify ischemic retinal areas in eyes with DR without the intravenous injection of any dye., (Copyright © 2021 Asia-Pacific Academy of Ophthalmology. Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. on behalf of the Asia-Pacific Academy of Ophthalmology.)
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
Catalog
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.