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Updates on HTLV-1 Uveitis.
- Source :
-
Viruses [Viruses] 2022 Apr 12; Vol. 14 (4). Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Apr 12. - Publication Year :
- 2022
-
Abstract
- HTLV-1 uveitis (HU) is the third clinical entity to be designated as an HTLV-1-associated disease. Although HU is considered to be the second-most frequent HTLV-1-associated disease in Japan, information on HU is limited compared to that on adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) and HTLV-1-associated myelopathy (HAM). Recent studies have addressed several long-standing uncertainties about HU. HTLV-1-related diseases are known to be caused mainly through vertical transmission (mother-to-child transmission), but emerging HTLV-1 infection by horizontal transmission (such as sexual transmission) has become a major problem in metropolitan areas, such as Tokyo, Japan. Investigation in Tokyo showed that horizontal transmission of HTLV-1 was responsible for HU with severe and persistent ocular inflammation. The development of ATL and HAM is known to be related to a high provirus load and hence involves a long latency period. On the other hand, factors contributing to the development of HU are poorly understood. Recent investigations revealed that severe HU occurs against a background of Graves' disease despite a low provirus load and short latency period. This review highlights the recent knowledge on HU and provides an update on the topic of HU in consideration of a recent nationwide survey.
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1999-4915
- Volume :
- 14
- Issue :
- 4
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Viruses
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 35458524
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.3390/v14040794