1,732 results
Search Results
2. The Power of Prognosis: Cox Model Prediction of Disease-Free Survival in Colon Cancer
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Belhouichet, Oussama, Yahyaoui, Aymen, Boulila, Wadii, Zribi, Aref, Attia, Rabah, Filipe, Joaquim, Editorial Board Member, Ghosh, Ashish, Editorial Board Member, Prates, Raquel Oliveira, Editorial Board Member, Zhou, Lizhu, Editorial Board Member, Mosbah, Mohamed, editor, Kechadi, Tahar, editor, Bellatreche, Ladjel, editor, Gargouri, Faiez, editor, Guegan, Chirine Ghedira, editor, Badir, Hassan, editor, Beheshti, Amin, editor, and Gammoudi, Mohamed Mohsen, editor
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- 2024
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3. Machine Learning for Time-to-Event Prediction and Survival Clustering: A Review from Statistics to Deep Neural Networks
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Luo, Jinyuan, Xie, Linhai, Yang, Hong, Yin, Xiaoxia, Zhang, Yanchun, Filipe, Joaquim, Editorial Board Member, Ghosh, Ashish, Editorial Board Member, Prates, Raquel Oliveira, Editorial Board Member, Zhou, Lizhu, Editorial Board Member, Cruz, Christophe, editor, Zhang, Yanchun, editor, and Gao, Wanling, editor
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- 2024
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4. Discovering Key Aspects to Reduce Employee Turnover Using a Predictive Model
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Cárdenas López, Paula Andrea, Tabares Betancur, Marta Silvia, Filipe, Joaquim, Editorial Board Member, Ghosh, Ashish, Editorial Board Member, Prates, Raquel Oliveira, Editorial Board Member, Zhou, Lizhu, Editorial Board Member, Tabares, Marta, editor, Vallejo, Paola, editor, Suarez, Biviana, editor, Suarez, Marco, editor, Ruiz, Oscar, editor, and Aguilar, Jose, editor
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- 2024
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5. Adaptive Sampling for Weighted Log-Rank Survival Trees Boosting
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Vasilev, Iulii, Petrovskiy, Mikhail, Mashechkin, Igor, Goos, Gerhard, Founding Editor, Hartmanis, Juris, Founding Editor, Bertino, Elisa, Editorial Board Member, Gao, Wen, Editorial Board Member, Steffen, Bernhard, Editorial Board Member, Yung, Moti, Editorial Board Member, De Marsico, Maria, editor, Sanniti di Baja, Gabriella, editor, and Fred, Ana, editor
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- 2023
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6. survAIval: Survival Analysis with the Eyes of AI
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Kowol, Kamil, Bracke, Stefan, Gottschalk, Hanno, Filipe, Joaquim, Editorial Board Member, Ghosh, Ashish, Editorial Board Member, Prates, Raquel Oliveira, Editorial Board Member, Zhou, Lizhu, Editorial Board Member, Holzinger, Andreas, editor, da Silva, Hugo Plácido, editor, Vanderdonckt, Jean, editor, and Constantine, Larry, editor
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- 2023
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7. Population dynamics and prey community of the invasive paper wasp Polistes chinensis (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) in a protected coastal habitat in New Zealand.
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Reason, Aiden, Felden, Antoine, Bulgarella, Mariana, and Lester, Philip J.
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- *
VESPIDAE , *POPULATION dynamics , *WILDLIFE conservation , *HYMENOPTERA , *PREDATION , *WASPS - Abstract
The Asian paper wasp (Polistes chinensis) is an invasive species in New Zealand and a voracious arthropod predator, incorporating a wide range of prey into its diet. We examined the colony survival and prey community composition of these wasps in a protected coastal habitat in New Zealand. Paper wasp colonies at this site were surveyed and monitored weekly over two summers. Our data showed that only ~20% of the monitored colonies each year survived until late summer, with high rates of colony mortality in late spring and early summer. We collected samples of wasp larval guts over a temporal gradient in one nesting season, and via DNA metabarcoding analysis, we identified the prey species consumed. The prey species most frequently identified in larval samples were endemic cicadas and several lepidopteran species. No native arthropod species of known conservation concern were identified in the analysis. However, 63% of the unique taxon sequences retrieved could not be identified by genus or species level, likely due to the absence of reference barcodes. These taxa may represent a group of understudied species, potentially highly endemic or localised. Our analysis indicates that these invasive wasps are opportunistic‐generalist predators with the potential to exert high predation pressure on native arthropods. P. chinensis may be preying on a range of understudied species, especially in remote, natural habitats across New Zealand. We recommend future studies continue to barcode native New Zealand arthropods in order to improve the taxonomic assignments of dietary studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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8. Time to Response Prediction for Following up on Account Receivables in Healthcare Revenue Cycle Management
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Chaudhuri, Rupanjali, Parsa, Sai Phani Krishna, Nagpal, Divya, R, Kalaivanan, Filipe, Joaquim, Editorial Board Member, Ghosh, Ashish, Editorial Board Member, Prates, Raquel Oliveira, Editorial Board Member, Zhou, Lizhu, Editorial Board Member, Singh, Mayank, editor, Tyagi, Vipin, editor, Gupta, P. K., editor, Flusser, Jan, editor, and Ören, Tuncer, editor
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- 2022
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9. Time-to-Event Modelling for Survival and Hazard Analysis of Stroke Clinical Case
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Kriksciuniene, Dalia, Sakalauskas, Virgilijus, Ognjanovic, Ivana, Sendelj, Ramo, van der Aalst, Wil, Series Editor, Mylopoulos, John, Series Editor, Ram, Sudha, Series Editor, Rosemann, Michael, Series Editor, Szyperski, Clemens, Series Editor, Abramowicz, Witold, editor, Auer, Sören, editor, and Stróżyna, Milena, editor
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- 2022
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10. Predictive Maintenance Estimation of Aircraft Health with Survival Analysis
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Gu, Jiaojiao, Liu, Ke, Chen, Jian, Sun, Tao, Filipe, Joaquim, Editorial Board Member, Ghosh, Ashish, Editorial Board Member, Prates, Raquel Oliveira, Editorial Board Member, Zhou, Lizhu, Editorial Board Member, Sun, Fuchun, editor, Hu, Dewen, editor, Wermter, Stefan, editor, Yang, Lei, editor, Liu, Huaping, editor, and Fang, Bin, editor
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- 2022
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11. Model-free conditional screening for ultrahigh-dimensional survival data via conditional distance correlation.
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Cui H, Liu Y, Mao G, and Zhang J
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- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse mortality, Humans, Computer Simulation, Survival Analysis
- Abstract
How to select the active variables that have significant impact on the event of interest is a very important and meaningful problem in the statistical analysis of ultrahigh-dimensional data. In many applications, researchers often know that a certain set of covariates are active variables from some previous investigations and experiences. With the knowledge of the important prior knowledge of active variables, we propose a model-free conditional screening procedure for ultrahigh dimensional survival data based on conditional distance correlation. The proposed procedure can effectively detect the hidden active variables that are jointly important but are weakly correlated with the response. Moreover, it performs well when covariates are strongly correlated with each other. We establish the sure screening property and the ranking consistency of the proposed method and conduct extensive simulation studies, which suggests that the proposed procedure works well for practical situations. Then, we illustrate the new approach through a real dataset from the diffuse large-B-cell lymphoma study S1., (© 2022 Wiley-VCH GmbH.)
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- 2023
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12. Causal survival analysis under competing risks using longitudinal modified treatment policies.
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Díaz I, Hoffman KL, and Hejazi NS
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- Humans, Computer Simulation, Longitudinal Studies, Regression Analysis, Models, Statistical, Survival Analysis
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Longitudinal modified treatment policies (LMTP) have been recently developed as a novel method to define and estimate causal parameters that depend on the natural value of treatment. LMTPs represent an important advancement in causal inference for longitudinal studies as they allow the non-parametric definition and estimation of the joint effect of multiple categorical, ordinal, or continuous treatments measured at several time points. We extend the LMTP methodology to problems in which the outcome is a time-to-event variable subject to a competing event that precludes observation of the event of interest. We present identification results and non-parametric locally efficient estimators that use flexible data-adaptive regression techniques to alleviate model misspecification bias, while retaining important asymptotic properties such as [Formula: see text]-consistency. We present an application to the estimation of the effect of the time-to-intubation on acute kidney injury amongst COVID-19 hospitalized patients, where death by other causes is taken to be the competing event., (© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.)
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- 2024
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13. Analysis of cox proportional hazard model for dropout students in university: case study from SIMAD university
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Ali, Dahir Abdi and Hussein, Ali Mohamud
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- 2024
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14. What can outliers teach us about entrepreneurial success?
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Ruef, Martin, Birkhead, Colin, and Aldrich, Howard
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- 2023
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15. The influence of design-related features on houses time-on-market: a statistical analysis
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BuHamdan, Samer, Minayhashemi, Seyedmohammadamin, Alwisy, Aladdin, and Bouferguene, Ahmed
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- 2022
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16. The PropTech investors' dilemma – What are the key success factors that secure survival?
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Kassner, Andreas Joel, Cajias, Marcelo, and Zhu, Bing
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- 2023
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17. Determinants of SMEs liquidation: board heterogeneity and applicability of survival models
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Nguyen, Ba Hung, Pham, Nhat Bao Quyen, and Do, Thi Hong Ha
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- 2023
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18. Institutional factors and the timing of land development: a survival analysis applied to the GZM Metropolis in Poland
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Reyman, Katarzyna and Maier, Gunther
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- 2023
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19. Attrition in entry-level ticket sales positions: a survival analysis
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Pierce, David Allen, Wanless, Elizabeth, Popp, Nels, Sattler, Liz, and Shreffler, Megan
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- 2023
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20. Depending on the web: discussing the technological support for parties' survival
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Mourao, Paulo
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- 2022
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21. Population groups and banks: a comparative study on the survival analysis of Indian commercial banks
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Khanna, Sakshi and Gaur, Manoj
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- 2022
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22. Carrots or sticks in debt collection services? A voice metrics and text analysis of debt collection calls
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Liao, Chengcheng, Du, Peiyuan, Yang, Yutao, and Huang, Ziyao
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- 2021
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23. The effect of fields of study on the waiting time to employment: evidence from the National Graduate Survey of Canada 2005 and 2009/10 cohorts.
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Qiyomiddin, Komin
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EMPLOYMENT ,GRADUATES ,COMPUTER science ,NATURAL resources ,SURVIVAL analysis (Biometry) - Abstract
By utilising the National Graduate Survey (NGS) – class of 2005 and 2009/10 – this paper examines the effects of fields of study on the time it takes to find full-time employment that lasts at least six months among graduates of Canadian Universities. Within cohorts, the results suggest considerable differences in the duration to first job after graduation for various fields of study – with 'Agriculture, natural resources and conservation', 'Health and related fields', and STEM fields like Math, Computer Science, and Engineering landing jobs the quickest, respectively. In contrast, the graduates of 'Humanities' and 'Education' had the longest duration of finding employment. The results also show large differences between cohorts, with the 2009/10 cohort taking much longer to find employment. Lastly, this paper did not find clear evidence that the effects of fields of study on the duration to exiting unemployment changed across the cohorts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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24. A Sensory Shelf-Life Study for the Evaluation of New Eco-Sustainable Packaging of Single-Portion Croissants.
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Tolve, Roberta, Sportiello, Lucia, Rainero, Giada, Pelattieri, Andrea, Trezzi, Marco, and Favati, Fabio
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PACKAGING materials ,VAPOR barriers ,PLASTIC films ,PACKAGING ,WATER vapor ,SURVIVAL analysis (Biometry) ,PACKAGING recycling ,PRODUCT quality - Abstract
Understanding the correlation between straightforward analytical methods and sensory attributes is pivotal for transitioning to sustainable packaging while improving product quality. In this context, the viability of eco-sustainable packaging alternatives for single-packaged croissants has been investigated through examining the correlations between analytical methods, sensory attributes, employing quantitative descriptive analysis (QDA), and consumer survival analysis. The performance of biaxially oriented polypropylene (BOPP), a petrochemical plastic film, against paper-based, compostable, and biodegradable films over a 150-day croissant storage period was compared in this study, examining both physiochemical and sensory perspectives. The results showed a correlation between a lower water vapour barrier in packaging materials and increased moisture migration and croissant hardness, as assessed by the Avrami kinetic model. Notably, given its reduced barrier properties, the compostable film accelerated sensory profile deterioration, as evidenced by QDA results. Shelf-life estimation, assessed by consumer rejection, underscored the viability of the biodegradable film for up to 185 days, surpassing BOPP, paper-based, and other biodegradable alternatives. Using linear regression, physiochemical parameters associated with predicted shelf-life were elucidated. Overall, croissants were rejected by 50% of consumers when they reached humidity levels below 18%, water activity below 0.81, firmness exceeding 1064 N, pH above 4.4, and acidity below 4.5. Based on the results of this study, biodegradable packaging emerges as a promising alternative to traditional BOPP, offering a sustainable opportunity to extend the shelf-life of croissants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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25. Model selection criteria for survival data based on Kullback’s divergence: A systematic and critical review.
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Dete, Houénafa Clarisse, Senou, Marcel, Kossi, Gneyou Essona, and Kakaï, Romain Glélé
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SURVIVAL analysis (Biometry) ,KAPLAN-Meier estimator ,SEARCH engines - Abstract
Copyright of Afrika Statistika is the property of Statistics & Probability African Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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- 2023
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26. DEP domain containing 1B (DEPDC1B) exerts the tumor promoter in hepatocellular carcinoma through activating p53 signaling pathway via kinesin family member 23 (KIF23)
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Enhua Shen, Jingzhi Zhang, and Yujuan Lu
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Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ,Databases, Factual ,depdc1b ,Bioengineering ,Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology ,Cell Movement ,Cell Line, Tumor ,Humans ,Cell Proliferation ,kif23 ,Cell Cycle ,GTPase-Activating Proteins ,Liver Neoplasms ,General Medicine ,hepatocellular carcinoma ,Survival Analysis ,digestive system diseases ,Up-Regulation ,p53 signaling ,Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ,Gene Knockdown Techniques ,Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 ,Microtubule-Associated Proteins ,TP248.13-248.65 ,Signal Transduction ,Research Article ,Research Paper ,Biotechnology - Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is closely associated with chronic liver disease and possesses a high incidence. DEP domain containing 1B (DEPDC1B) expression has been found to be upregulated in HCC according to bioinformatics analysis. This paper sought to study the specific role of DEPDC1B in HCC. The data of DEPDC1B expression and individual overall survival in HCC and normal liver tissues were acquired from UALCAN database. The association between DEPDC1B and the downstream signal, kinesin family member 23 (KIF23), was determined using LinkedOmics and STRING database, and subsequently confirmed by co-immunoprecipitation assay. The expression levels of DEPDC1B and KIF23 in normal hepatic epithelial cells and HCC cell lines were assessed by RT-qPCR and Western blotting, respectively. Following transfection with small interference RNA-DEPDC1B, the influences of DEPDC1B knockdown on cell proliferation, colony formation, cell cycle, cell invasion, migration, and KIF23 expression were evaluated. In addition, the effects of KIF23 overexpression on the above aspects of HCC cells were also determined, as well as the expression level of p53 signaling-related proteins. The results indicated that DEPDC1B was highly expressed in HCC cells. DEPDC1B knockdown inhibited the proliferation, migration, invasion, cycle, and KIF23 expression in HCC cells. Moreover, KIF23 overexpression reversed the inhibitory effect of DEPDC1B knockdown in HCC cells and the activation of the p53 signaling. In conclusion, DEPDC1B knockdown exerts anti-cancer role in HCC by activating the p53 signaling through KIF23.
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- 2022
27. Deep Survival Models Can Improve Long-Term Mortality Risk Estimates from Chest Radiographs.
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Liu, Mingzhu, Nagpal, Chirag, and Dubrawski, Artur
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SURVIVAL analysis (Biometry) ,DEATH forecasting ,TIME perspective ,DISEASE risk factors ,DEEP learning ,MORTALITY ,CHEST X rays - Abstract
Deep learning has recently demonstrated the ability to predict long-term patient risk and its stratification when trained on imaging data such as chest radiographs. However, existing methods formulate estimating patient risk as a binary classification, typically ignoring or limiting the use of temporal information, and not accounting for the loss of patient follow-up, which reduces the fidelity of estimation and limits the prediction to a certain time horizon. In this paper, we demonstrate that deep survival and time-to-event prediction models can outperform binary classifiers at predicting mortality and risk of adverse health events. In our study, deep survival models were trained to predict risk scores from chest radiographs and patient demographic information in the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian (PLCO) cancer screening trial (25,433 patient data points used in this paper) for 2-, 5-, and 10-year time horizons. Binary classification models that predict mortality at these time horizons were built as baselines. Compared to the considered alternative, deep survival models improve the Brier score (5-year: 0.0455 [95% CI, 0.0427–0.0482] vs. 0.0555 [95% CI, (0.0535–0.0575)], p < 0.05) and expected calibration error (ECE) (5-year: 0.0110 [95% CI, 0.0080–0.0141] vs. 0.0747 [95% CI, 0.0718–0.0776], p < 0.05) for those fixed time horizons and are able to generate predictions for any time horizon, without the need to retrain the models. Our study suggests that deep survival analysis tools can outperform binary classification in terms of both discriminative performance and calibration, offering a potentially plausible solution for forecasting risk in clinical practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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28. A clinical trial termination prediction model based on denoising autoencoder and deep survival regression.
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Qi, Huamei, Yang, Wenhui, Zou, Wenqin, and Hu, Yuxuan
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SIGNAL denoising ,PREDICTION models ,REGRESSION analysis ,ENCODING ,PREGNANT women - Abstract
Effective clinical trials are necessary for understanding medical advances but early termination of trials can result in unnecessary waste of resources. Survival models can be used to predict survival probabilities in such trials. However, survival data from clinical trials are sparse, and DeepSurv cannot accurately capture their effective features, making the models weak in generalization and decreasing their prediction accuracy. In this paper, we propose a survival prediction model for clinical trial completion based on the combination of denoising autoencoder (DAE) and DeepSurv models. The DAE is used to obtain a robust representation of features by breaking the loop of raw features after autoencoder training, and then the robust features are provided to DeepSurv as input for training. The clinical trial dataset for training the model was obtained from the ClinicalTrials.gov dataset. A study of clinical trial completion in pregnant women was conducted in response to the fact that many current clinical trials exclude pregnant women. The experimental results showed that the denoising autoencoder and deep survival regression (DAE‐DSR) model was able to extract meaningful and robust features for survival analysis; the C‐index of the training and test datasets were 0.74 and 0.75 respectively. Compared with the Cox proportional hazards model and DeepSurv model, the survival analysis curves obtained by using DAE‐DSR model had more prominent features, and the model was more robust and performed better in actual prediction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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29. TWO-DIMENSIONAL MODELING OF CAR RELIABILITY DURING WARRANTY PERIOD.
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SLIŻ, Piotr, WYCINKA, Ewa, and JACKOWSKA, Beata
- Abstract
The paper focuses on presenting the concept of two-dimensional modeling of passenger car reliability during the warranty period. The main objective of this paper is to detect the regularity in the intensity of the number of first failure reports during the warranty period. The two-dimensional distribution of the time and mileage of failure-free exploitation is estimated. The period from the date of purchase to the first warranty repair is analysed. The concept presented incorporates the existing state of knowledge on two-dimensional warranties, expanding it through the use of a nonparametric approach and probability smoothing with the use of P-splines. The estimation involved censored data, i.e., data on vehicles that were not submitted for warranty repair within the warranty limits of time and mileage. The originality of this paper entails the combination of a nonparametric approach with probability smoothing. The statistical analyses presented in the paper were carried out on a population of 1005 vehicles of two car brands sold and serviced in 2011-2021 at the Authorized Service Station (Dealership). There were sales, repair, and warranty claim databases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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30. Is police misconduct contagious? Non-trivial null findings from Dallas, Texas
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Cohen R. Simpson and David S. Kirk
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Original Paper ,Contagion ,BF Psychology ,Survival analysis ,Misconduct ,Law ,Police ,Social networks ,HV Social pathology. Social and public welfare. Criminology ,Pathology and Forensic Medicine - Abstract
Objectives Understanding if police malfeasance might be “contagious” is vital to identifying efficacious paths to police reform. Accordingly, we investigate whether an officer’s propensity to engage in misconduct is associated with her direct, routine interaction with colleagues who have themselves engaged in misbehavior in the past. Methods Recognizing the importance of analyzing the actual social networks spanning a police force, we use data on collaborative responses to 1,165,136 “911” calls for service by 3475 Dallas Police Department (DPD) officers across 2013 and 2014 to construct daily networks of front-line interaction. And we relate these cooperative networks to reported and formally sanctioned misconduct on the part of the DPD officers during the same time period using repeated-events survival models. Results Estimates indicate that the risk of a DPD officer engaging in misconduct is not associated with the disciplined misbehavior of her ad hoc, on-the-scene partners. Rather, a greater risk of misconduct is associated with past misbehavior, officer-specific proneness, the neighborhood context of patrol, and, in some cases, officer race, while departmental tenure is a mitigating factor. Conclusions Our observational findings—based on data from one large police department in the United States—ultimately suggest that actor-based and ecological explanations of police deviance should not be summarily dismissed in favor of accounts emphasizing negative socialization, where our study design also raises the possibility that results are partly driven by unobserved trait-based variation in the situations that officers find themselves in. All in all, interventions focused on individual officers, including the termination of deviant police, may be fruitful for curtailing police misconduct—where early interventions focused on new offenders may be key to avoiding the escalation of deviance.
- Published
- 2023
31. microRNA-128-3p inhibits CD4+ regulatory T cells enrichment by targeting interleukin 16 in gastric cancer
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Weidan Fang, Chao Shi, Yiting Wang, Jianping Song, and Ling Zhang
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CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes ,Interleukin-16 ,gastric cancer ,Bioengineering ,General Medicine ,Prognosis ,Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology ,Survival Analysis ,Coculture Techniques ,cd4+ regulatory t cells ,Up-Regulation ,Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ,MicroRNAs ,HEK293 Cells ,Stomach Neoplasms ,Cell Line, Tumor ,microrna-128-3p ,tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes ,Humans ,3' Untranslated Regions ,interleukin 16 ,TP248.13-248.65 ,Research Article ,Research Paper ,Biotechnology - Abstract
Previous studies have confirmed that microRNA (miR)-128-3p is expressed at low levels in gastric cancer (GC), and low miR-128-3p expression promotes the growth of GC cells. However, whether the dysregulation of miR-128-3p expression affects tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and leads to immune escape remains unclear. In the present study, predictive bioinformatics approaches showed that miR-128-3p expression was inversely correlated with tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte enrichment. When CD4 + T cells and regulatory T cells (Tregs) were enriched, lower miR-128-3p expression was associated with worse overall survival. However, when numbers of CD8 + T cells were decreased, the upregulation of miR-128-3p expression had a favorable effect on GC prognosis. Dual-luciferase reporter assays and cell biology experiments revealed that interleukin 16 (IL16) was the target of miR-128-3p and was negatively regulated by miR-128-3p. In addition, GC cells were cocultured with T lymphocytes, and the subsequent flow cytometric analysis showed that overexpression of miR-128-3p in tumor cells decreased the percentages of CD4+ CD25+ Foxp3+ Tregs by downregulating IL16 expression in GC, whereas miR-128-3p inhibition had the opposite effect. Moreover, the recombinant IL16 reversed the effects of miR-128-3p overexpression, and a competitive antibody against the IL16 receptor CD4 also reversed the effects of miR-128-3p knockdown. These studies identified the mechanism by which the miR-128-3p/IL16 axis promotes the infiltration of CD4+ Tregs in GC, and this mechanism will be a promising therapeutic target in GC immunotherapy.
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- 2022
32. Real-world survival analysis by tumor mutational burden in non-small cell lung cancer: a multisite U.S. study
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Connor Willis, Hillevi Bauer, Trang H. Au, Jyothi Menon, Sudhir Unni, Dao Tran, Zachary Rivers, Wallace Akerley, Matthew B. Schabath, Firas Badin, Ashley Sekhon, Malini Patel, Bing Xia, Beth Gustafson, John L. Villano, John-Michael Thomas, Solomon J. Lubinga, Michael A. Cantrell, Diana Brixner, and David Stenehjem
- Subjects
Lung Neoplasms ,Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases ,Survival Analysis ,B7-H1 Antigen ,Cohort Studies ,ErbB Receptors ,Oncology ,tumor biomarkers ,Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ,Mutation ,Biomarkers, Tumor ,Humans ,lung neoplasma ,immunotherapy ,Prospective Studies ,Research Paper - Abstract
Background: Tumor mutational burden (TMB) is a potential biomarker to predict tumor response to immuno-oncology agents in patients with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Materials and Methods: A multi-site cohort study evaluated patients diagnosed with stage IV NSCLC between 2012 and 2019 who had received comprehensive genomic profiling (CGP) and any NSCLC-related treatment at 9 U.S. cancer centers. Baseline characteristics and clinical outcomes were compared between patients with TMB 10 showed a significant association towards longer overall survival (OS) (HR: 0.43, 95% CI: 0.21–0.88, p = 0.02) and progression-free survival (PFS) (HR: 0.43, 95% CI: 0.21–0.85, p = 0.02) in patients treated with first-line immunotherapy and tested by Foundation Medicine or Caris at treatment initiation. Conclusions: TMB levels greater than or equal to 10 mut/Mb, when tested by Foundation Medicine or Caris at treatment initiation, were significantly associated with improved OS and PFS among patients treated with first-line immunotherapy-containing regimens. Additional prospective research is warranted to validate this biomarker along with PD-L1 expression.
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- 2022
33. Pyroptosis regulators exert crucial functions in prognosis, progression and immune microenvironment of pancreatic adenocarcinoma: a bioinformatic and in vitro research
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Zhenghai Bai, Fangshi Xu, Xiaodan Feng, Yuan Wu, Junhua Lv, Yu Shi, and Honghong Pei
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Adult ,immune microenvironment ,Bioengineering ,Adenocarcinoma ,Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology ,Cell Movement ,Cell Line, Tumor ,Pyroptosis ,pancreatic adenocarcinoma ,Biomarkers, Tumor ,Tumor Microenvironment ,Humans ,TLR3 ,Aged ,Cell Proliferation ,Aged, 80 and over ,Computational Biology ,General Medicine ,Middle Aged ,Prognosis ,Survival Analysis ,Toll-Like Receptor 3 ,Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ,Pancreatic Neoplasms ,Risk signature ,TP248.13-248.65 ,Algorithms ,Research Article ,Research Paper ,Biotechnology - Abstract
Pyroptosis is an inflammatory programmed cell death, showing potentials to be a novel anti-cancer approach. However, the roles of pyroptosis-related (PR) genes (PRGs) in pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD) remain elusive. In the present study, we constructed a novel PR risk signature through the lasso regression analysis. The risk signature was greatly conducive to PAAD prognostic assessment. PR risk score was identified as an independent prognostic factor and could distinguish the prognostic differences of most clinical subgroups. Meanwhile, it could improve the traditional prognostic models based on TNM-staging. Next, its prognostic value was also tested in five validation cohorts. Using CIBERSORT, ESTIMATE, and ssGSEA algorithms, the effects of PR risk signature on tumor immune microenvironment (TIM) were explored. High PR risk suppressed antitumor immune through decreasing the infiltrating levels of CD8 T and NK cells. The genomic information and histological expression of risk PRGs were uncovered by USCA and HPA databases. Somatic mutation, methylation alteration, and homozygous CNV of eight PRGs barely occurred in PAAD samples. As for therapeutic correlation, PR risk score may not predict the efficacy of PD-1/L1 inhibitors and was weakly associated with multiple drug susceptibilities. Finally, the biofunctions of toll like receptor 3 (TLR3) in pancreatic cancer (PC) cells were investigated through qPCR, MTT, colony formation, and Transwell assays. Overexpression of TLR3 could promote the proliferation, migration, and invasion of PC cells. In conclusion, PRGs play crucial roles in prognosis, progression, and immune microenvironment of PAAD. TLR3 is expected to be a promising therapeutic target.
- Published
- 2022
34. N(6)-adenosine-methyltransferase-14 promotes glioma tumorigenesis by repressing argininosuccinate synthase 1 expression in an m6A-dependent manner
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You-Qing, Miao, Wei, Chen, Jianfeng, Zhou, Qiyang, Shen, Ying, Sun, Tao, Li, and Sheng-Chan, Wang
- Subjects
Male ,Adenosine ,mettl14 ,Down-Regulation ,Bioengineering ,Argininosuccinate Synthase ,Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology ,Mice ,Cell Movement ,Cell Line, Tumor ,glioma ,Animals ,Humans ,n6-methyladenosine ,Cell Proliferation ,Brain Neoplasms ,ass1 ,RNA-Binding Proteins ,Methyltransferases ,General Medicine ,malignant progression ,Prognosis ,Survival Analysis ,Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ,Case-Control Studies ,Neoplasm Transplantation ,TP248.13-248.65 ,Research Article ,Research Paper ,Biotechnology - Abstract
Glioma is one of the leading causes of tumor-related deaths worldwide, but its potential mechanism remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the biological role and potential mechanism of argininosuccinate synthase 1 (ASS1) in glioma. The relative expression levels of ASS1 in glioma specimens and cell lines were calculated by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blotting. The biological functions of ASS1 were demonstrated using the 5-ethynyl-2ʹ-deoxyuridine (EdU) assay, transwell assay, and in vivo experiments. In addition, methylated RNA immunoprecipitation (MeRIP), RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP), and luciferase reporter assays were performed to explore the molecular mechanism of ASS1 in glioma. ASS1 expression levels were found to be downregulated in glioma specimens and cell lines. Functionally, we confirmed that ASS1 inhibited glioma cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and growth both. Furthermore, we found that ASS1 was a target of N(6)-adenosine-methyltransferase-14 (METTL14)-mediated N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification. Overexpression of METTL14 markedly elevated ASS1 mRNA m6A modification and suppressed ASS1 mRNA expression. We also revealed that METTL14-mediated ASS1 mRNA degradation relied on the YTH m6A RNA-binding protein 2 (YTHDF2)-dependent pathway. We confirmed that decreased ASS1 expression promoted the cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in glioma, and that the METTL14/ASS1/YTHDF2 regulatory axis may be an effective therapeutic target for glioma.
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- 2022
35. Protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type Z1 inhibits the cisplatin resistance of ovarian cancer by regulating PI3K/AKT/mTOR signal pathway
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Peng Wang, Yuanjing Hu, Pengpeng Qu, Ying Zhao, Jing Liu, Jianguo Zhao, and Beihua Kong
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endocrine system diseases ,Down-Regulation ,cisplatin ,Bioengineering ,ptprz1 ,Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology ,pi3k/akt/mtor ,Mice ,Cell Movement ,Cell Line, Tumor ,Animals ,Humans ,Cell Proliferation ,Ovarian Neoplasms ,Receptor-Like Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases, Class 5 ,General Medicine ,Survival Analysis ,Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ,ovarian cancer ,Drug Resistance, Neoplasm ,Female ,Neoplasm Transplantation ,TP248.13-248.65 ,Research Article ,Research Paper ,Signal Transduction ,Biotechnology - Abstract
Most patients with ovarian cancer (OC) get remission after undergoing cytoreductive surgery and platinum-based standard chemotherapy, but more than 50% of patients with advanced OC relapse within the first 5 years after treatment and develop resistance to standard chemotherapy. The production of medicinal properties is the main reason for the poor prognosis and high mortality of OC patients. Cisplatin (DDP) resistance is a major cause for poor prognosis of OC patients. PTPRZ1 can regulate the growth and apoptosis of ovarian cancer cells, while the molecular mechanism remains unknown. This study was designed to investigate the roles of PTPRZ1 in DDP-resistant OC cells and possible mechanism. PTPRZ1 expression in OC tissues and normal tissues was analyzed by GEPIA database and verified by Real-time Quantitative Reverse Transcription PCR (RT-PCR) assay. PTPRZ1 expression in normal ovarian cancer cells and DDP-resistant OC cells was also analyzed. Subsequently, RT-PCR, Western blot, MTT experiment and flow cytometry were used to assess the effects of PTPRZ1-PI3K/AKT/mTOR regulating axis on DDP resistance of OC. PTPRZ1 expression was abnormally low in OC tissues, and notably reduced in DDP-resistant OC cells. MTT experiment and flow cytometer indicated that overexpression of PTPRZ1 enhanced the DDP sensitivity of OC cells and promoted the cell apoptosis. Moreover, the results of our research showed that PTPRZ1 might exert its biological effects through blocking PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. PTPRZ1 overexpression inhibitied OC tumor growth and resistance to DDP in vivo. Overall, PTPRZ1 might suppress the DDP resistance of OC and induce the cytotoxicity by blocking PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway.
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- 2022
36. A Comparison of Estimation Methods for Shared Gamma Frailty Models
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Wu, Tingxuan, Feng, Cindy, and Li, Longhai
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- 2024
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37. Two-piece distribution based semi-parametric quantile regression for right censored data
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Ewnetu, Worku Biyadgie, Gijbels, Irène, and Verhasselt, Anneleen
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- 2024
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38. A survey of Transformer applications for histopathological image analysis: New developments and future directions.
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Atabansi, Chukwuemeka Clinton, Nie, Jing, Liu, Haijun, Song, Qianqian, Yan, Lingfeng, and Zhou, Xichuan
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TRANSFORMER models ,IMAGE analysis ,CONVOLUTIONAL neural networks ,COMPUTER vision ,HISTOPATHOLOGY ,IMAGE processing - Abstract
Transformers have been widely used in many computer vision challenges and have shown the capability of producing better results than convolutional neural networks (CNNs). Taking advantage of capturing long-range contextual information and learning more complex relations in the image data, Transformers have been used and applied to histopathological image processing tasks. In this survey, we make an effort to present a thorough analysis of the uses of Transformers in histopathological image analysis, covering several topics, from the newly built Transformer models to unresolved challenges. To be more precise, we first begin by outlining the fundamental principles of the attention mechanism included in Transformer models and other key frameworks. Second, we analyze Transformer-based applications in the histopathological imaging domain and provide a thorough evaluation of more than 100 research publications across different downstream tasks to cover the most recent innovations, including survival analysis and prediction, segmentation, classification, detection, and representation. Within this survey work, we also compare the performance of CNN-based techniques to Transformers based on recently published papers, highlight major challenges, and provide interesting future research directions. Despite the outstanding performance of the Transformer-based architectures in a number of papers reviewed in this survey, we anticipate that further improvements and exploration of Transformers in the histopathological imaging domain are still required in the future. We hope that this survey paper will give readers in this field of study a thorough understanding of Transformer-based techniques in histopathological image analysis, and an up-to-date paper list summary will be provided at https://github.com/S-domain/Survey-Paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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39. Deep Learning Techniques with Genomic Data in Cancer Prognosis: A Comprehensive Review of the 2021–2023 Literature.
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Lee, Minhyeok
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DEEP learning ,LITERATURE reviews ,CANCER prognosis ,MACHINE learning ,SURVIVAL analysis (Biometry) ,GENOMICS - Abstract
Simple Summary: The ongoing advancements in deep learning, notably its use in predicting cancer survival through genomic data analysis, calls for an up-to-date review. This paper inspects notable works from 2021 to 2023, underlining essential developments and their implications in the field. We offer a comprehensive review of the research, selective paper choice, and thorough analysis of prevailing trends, contributing to a better understanding of deep learning's potential in this vital domain. Deep learning has brought about a significant transformation in machine learning, leading to an array of novel methodologies and consequently broadening its influence. The application of deep learning in various sectors, especially biomedical data analysis, has initiated a period filled with noteworthy scientific developments. This trend has majorly influenced cancer prognosis, where the interpretation of genomic data for survival analysis has become a central research focus. The capacity of deep learning to decode intricate patterns embedded within high-dimensional genomic data has provoked a paradigm shift in our understanding of cancer survival. Given the swift progression in this field, there is an urgent need for a comprehensive review that focuses on the most influential studies from 2021 to 2023. This review, through its careful selection and thorough exploration of dominant trends and methodologies, strives to fulfill this need. The paper aims to enhance our existing understanding of applications of deep learning in cancer survival analysis, while also highlighting promising directions for future research. This paper undertakes aims to enrich our existing grasp of the application of deep learning in cancer survival analysis, while concurrently shedding light on promising directions for future research in this vibrant and rapidly proliferating field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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40. Multilatinas' foreign divestment and host country institutional uncertainty: is there a best entry strategy?
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da Fonseca, Luíza Neves Marques, da Rocha, Angela, and Ferreira, Jorge Brantes
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Purpose: This paper aims to investigate the divestment behavior of emerging market multinationals from Latin America – multilatinas – by examining how their foreign market entry decision impacts the likelihood of subsidiary divestment. Design/methodology/approach: The hypotheses are tested using Cox's proportional hazard rate model in a longitudinal database of Brazilian multinational companies established in 43 countries. Findings: Results indicate that these subsidiaries can thrive in environments that bear similarities to their home country, being less likely to divest in institutionally weak countries. Contrary to developed country multinationals, these firms benefit from foreign entry decisions that entail handling partnerships abroad; thus, wholly-owned greenfield (WOGF) investments have a higher likelihood of being divested. Originality/value: To the best of the authors' knowledge, this paper is the first to analyze foreign divestment from multilatinas, accounting for how entry mode strategy and host country institutions may impact these firms' de-internationalization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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41. Clinical practice of epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitor targeted drugs combined with gadolinium oxide nanoparticles in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer
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Xuyang Xiao, Erlin Zhao, Xuan Zhou, Likun Wang, and Ting Jin
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Adult ,Male ,Oncology ,hyaluronic acid-gadolinium sesquioxide-nanoparticles (ha-gd2o3-nps) ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Lung Neoplasms ,non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) ,Gadolinium ,Bioengineering ,Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology ,Random Allocation ,Epidermal growth factor ,Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ,Internal medicine ,Humans ,Medicine ,Hyaluronic Acid ,Particle Size ,clinic ,epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (egfr-tki) ,Lung cancer ,Protein Kinase Inhibitors ,Survival rate ,Aged ,Neoplasm Staging ,non-small cell lung cancer (nsclc) ,business.industry ,Kinase ,Drug Synergism ,General Medicine ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Survival Analysis ,respiratory tract diseases ,Treatment Outcome ,Drug Resistance, Neoplasm ,Case-Control Studies ,Nanoparticles ,Female ,Gadolinium oxide ,Non small cell ,Radiotherapy, Conformal ,business ,TP248.13-248.65 ,Research Article ,Research Paper ,Biotechnology ,Epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase - Abstract
It was to explore the clinical efficacy and safety of epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI) targeted drugs combined with hyaluronic acid-gadolinium sesquioxide-nanoparticles (HA-Gd2O3-NPs) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In this study, 70 patients with stage IV EGFR mutant NSCLC diagnosed in the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University were selected. They were randomly divided into the combined group (35 cases) and the control group (35 cases). HA-Gd2O3-NPs were prepared by hydrothermal polymerization, and combined with EGFR-TKI in the clinical treatment of NSCLC. The results showed that HA-Gd2O3-NPs were spherical with a uniform particle size of about 124 nm. The NSCLC survival rate of the combined group was 37.2 ± 5.3% under 6 Gy X-ray irradiation, and that of the control group was 98.4 ± 12.6% under 6 Gy X-ray irradiation. The total effective rate of the control group (20%) was significantly lower than that of the study group (42.86%) (P
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- 2021
42. Identification of a novel immune signature for optimizing prognosis and treatment prediction in colorectal cancer
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Yan, Li, Yiyi, Li, Zijin, Xia, Dun, Zhang, Xiaomei, Chen, Xinyu, Wang, Jing, Liao, Wei, Yi, and Jun, Chen
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Aging ,precision medicine ,immune signature ,Immunity ,colorectal cancer ,Cell Biology ,Prognosis ,Risk Assessment ,Survival Analysis ,digestive system diseases ,Treatment Outcome ,Biomarkers, Tumor ,Humans ,Computer Simulation ,immunotherapy ,Colorectal Neoplasms ,Research Paper - Abstract
Background: Globally, colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most lethal malignant diseases. However, the currently approved therapeutic options for CRC failed to acquire satisfactory treatment efficacy. Tailoring therapeutic strategies for CRC individuals can provide new insights into personalized prediction approaches and thus maximize clinical benefits. Methods: In this study, a multi-step process was used to construct an immune-related genes (IRGs) based signature leveraging the expression profiles and clinical characteristics of CRC from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. An integrated immunogenomic analysis was performed to determine the association between IRGs with prognostic significance and cancer genotypes in the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME). Moreover, we performed a comprehensive in silico therapeutics screening to identify agents with subclass-specific efficacy. Results: The established signature was shown to be a promising biomarker for evaluating clinical outcomes in CRC. The immune risk score as calculated by this classifier was significantly correlated with over-riding malignant phenotypes and immunophenotypes. Further analyses demonstrated that CRCs with low immune risk scores achieved better therapeutic benefits from immunotherapy, while AZD4547, Cytochalasin B and S-crizotinib might have potential therapeutic implications in the immune risk score-high CRCs. Conclusions: Overall, this IRGs-based signature not only afforded a useful tool for determining the prognosis and evaluating the TIME features of CRCs, but also shed new light on tailoring CRCs with precise treatment.
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- 2021
43. Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 4 is expected to be a therapeutic target for hepatocellular carcinoma metastasis using integrated bioinformatic analysis
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Yang Yang, Jia-Ning Zhang, Wei-Ping Zhou, Feng Wei, Yuan Yang, and Lin-Han Lei
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Cell ,Kaplan-Meier Estimate ,Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology ,Metastasis ,survival analysis ,cdk4 ,Cell Movement ,Gene Regulatory Networks ,Neoplasm Metastasis ,Wnt Signaling Pathway ,hepatocellular carcinoma (hcc) ,biology ,Liver Neoplasms ,Wnt signaling pathway ,General Medicine ,Prognosis ,bioinformatic analysis ,Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Hepatocellular carcinoma ,Immunohistochemistry ,Research Article ,Research Paper ,Biotechnology ,Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ,Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition ,epithelial mesenchymal transition (emt) ,Bioengineering ,invasion and migration ,Cell Line, Tumor ,Biomarkers, Tumor ,medicine ,Humans ,Neoplasm Invasiveness ,Epithelial–mesenchymal transition ,neoplasms ,business.industry ,Cyclin-dependent kinase 4 ,Gene Expression Profiling ,Computational Biology ,Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 4 ,medicine.disease ,digestive system diseases ,the cancer genome atlas (tcga) ,Multivariate Analysis ,Cancer cell ,biology.protein ,Cancer research ,business ,TP248.13-248.65 - Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. HCC cells possess biological characteristics of high invasion and metastasis. In this respect, to prevent cancer cell invasion and metastasis and early active intervention, we herein screened through the TCGA database for further prognostic analysis including overall survival and disease-free survival . The Kaplan-Meier curve suggested that Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 4 (CDK4) might be an independent prognostic factor for HCC. Moreover, we performed mRNA expression analysis to measure CDK4 levels in normal liver tissues and HCC tissues, and immunohistochemistry analysis to detect protein level of CDK4 in Non-tumor tissue and HCC tissues . Our findings indicated that the expression of CDK4 was significantly higher in tumor tissues compared with Non-tumor tissue in HCC, which increased from HCC stage 1 to 3. Furthermore, the results of transwell-assay indicated that knocking down CDK4 significantly suppresses the invasion and migration of HCC cells, and the results of bioinformatics analysis revealed that genes closely associated with CDK4 are potentially worthy of further investigation. Additionally, the results of Western Blot indicated CDK4 regulates epithelial mesenchymal transition in HCC,and CDK4 appears to regulate EMT and HCC progression via the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Collectively, this study found the key target gene through bioinformatic analysis and further functional validation through cell experiments. In particular, CDK4 is anticipated to become a crucial hub gene to snipe the metastasis of cancer cells in HCC. Abbreviations: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC);Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 4(CDK4);Genomic Data Commons (GDC); genes; EC, Endometrial cancer; GEO, gene expression omnibus; GO, Gene Ontology; GSEA, Gene set enrichment analysis; KEGG, Database; TCGA, The Cancer Genome Atlas; TSGs, tumor suppressor genes;epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT).
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- 2021
44. Identification of novel biomarkers in breast cancer via integrated bioinformatics analysis and experimental validation
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Ningning Wang, Haichen Zhang, Dan Li, Chunteng Jiang, Haidong Zhao, and Yun Teng
- Subjects
differentially expressed genes ,bioinformatics analysis ,Cdc20 Proteins ,Bioengineering ,Breast Neoplasms ,Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology ,survival ,breast cancer ,experimental validation ,Cell Line, Tumor ,CDC2 Protein Kinase ,Biomarkers, Tumor ,Humans ,Gene Regulatory Networks ,Breast ,Prospective Studies ,Protein Interaction Maps ,Gene Expression Profiling ,Computational Biology ,General Medicine ,Prognosis ,Survival Analysis ,Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ,Gene Ontology ,MCF-7 Cells ,Female ,TP248.13-248.65 ,Research Article ,Research Paper ,Biotechnology - Abstract
Breast cancer (BC), an extremely aggressive malignant tumor, causes a large number of deaths worldwide. In this study, we pooled profile datasets from three cohorts to illuminate the underlying key genes and pathways of BC. Expression profiles GSE42568, GSE45827, and GSE124646, including 244 BC tissues and 28 normal breast tissues, were integrated and analyzed. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened out based on these three datasets. Functional analysis including Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Gene and Genome (KEGG) pathway were performed using The Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery (DAVID). Moreover, Cytoscape with Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes (STRING) and Molecular Complex Detection (MCODE) plugin were utilized to visualize protein protein interaction (PPI) of these DEGs. The module with the highest connectivity of gene interactions was selected for further analysis. All of these hub genes had a significantly worse prognosis in BC by survival analysis. Additionally, four genes (CDK1, CDC20, AURKA, and MCM4) dramatically were enriched in oocyte meiosis and cell cycle pathways through re-analysis of DAVID. Moreover, the mRNA and protein levels of CDK1, CDC20, AURKA, and MCM4 were significantly increased in BC patients. In addition, knockdown of CDK1 and CDC20 by small interfering RNA remarkably suppressed cell migration and invasion in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells. In conclusion, our results suggested that CDK1, CDC20, AURKA, and MCM4 were reliable biomarkers of BC via bioinformatics analysis and experimental validation and may act as prospective targets for BC diagnosis and treatment.
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- 2021
45. Hypomethylation-driven AKT Serine/Threonine Kinase 3 promotes testicular germ cell tumors proliferation and negatively correlates to immune infiltration
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Yang, Luo, Qianyin, Zhou, Fang, Zhu, Liqing, Fan, Hao, Bo, and Xingming, Wang
- Subjects
proliferation ,Gene Dosage ,Bioengineering ,Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology ,akt3 ,Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating ,Testicular Neoplasms ,Cell Line, Tumor ,Humans ,RNA, Messenger ,Protein Kinase Inhibitors ,Cell Proliferation ,Gene Expression Profiling ,tgct ,General Medicine ,DNA Methylation ,Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal ,Prognosis ,Survival Analysis ,immunity ,Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ,Treatment Outcome ,Mutation ,methylation ,Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt ,TP248.13-248.65 ,Follow-Up Studies ,Signal Transduction ,Research Article ,Research Paper ,Biotechnology - Abstract
AKT Serine/Threonine Kinase 3 (AKT3) has been reported to play an important role in different tumors. However, its clinical value, biological function, and molecular mechanism in testicular germ cell tumors (TGCT) remains unclear. In the current study, we applied the Gene Set Cancer Analysis (GSCA), UCSC XENA, Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), the Human Protein Atlas (HPA), LinkedOmics, DiseaseMeth version 2.0, TISIDB, and other databases for TGCT data mining. Then, we investigated AKT3’s mechanism of action and clinical survival significance via bioinformatics followed by in vitro experiments. We found that AKT3 was upregulated and had frequent copy number amplifications in TGCT, which were associated with poor survival outcomes of patients. On the other hand, mutations that led to AKT3 loss-of-function were correlated to a better prognosis in patients. Moreover, AKT3 silencing significantly inhibited the proliferation, DNA synthesis and colony formation of NCCIT cells (a TGCT cell line). AKT3 might participate in TGCT progression through multiple signaling pathways, such as ErbB, oxidative phosphorylation, and affecting tumor immune infiltration. Also, the upregulation of AKT3 mRNA expression might be driven by the hypomethylation of its promoter region. Overall, AKT3 is a potential TGCT oncogene and can be further used as a therapeutic target.
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- 2021
46. Long non-coding RNA CERS6-AS1 plays a prognostic role in promoting the progression of gastric cancer
- Author
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Zhengliang Li, Xiaojing Liu, Nan Luo, Yali Pang, Yubin Hou, and Guoxiang Jiang
- Subjects
Male ,Bioengineering ,Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology ,Stomach Neoplasms ,Cell Line, Tumor ,medicine ,Humans ,Luciferase ,Luciferases ,Survival analysis ,Proportional Hazards Models ,Gene knockdown ,lncrna cers6-as1 ,Base Sequence ,business.industry ,Proportional hazards model ,gastric cancer ,digestive, oral, and skin physiology ,Cancer ,RNA ,General Medicine ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Survival Analysis ,Long non-coding RNA ,Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ,MicroRNAs ,Cancer cell ,Multivariate Analysis ,Cancer research ,Disease Progression ,mir-567 ,Female ,RNA, Long Noncoding ,prognosis ,business ,TP248.13-248.65 ,Research Article ,Research Paper ,Biotechnology - Abstract
This study aims to investigate the potential clinical function of long non-coding RNA CERS6-AS1 (lncRNA CERS6-AS1) integrated miR-567 in gastric cancer. The expression of CERS6-AS1 in gastric cancer tissues was detected through RT-qPCR in contrast to the normal tissues. The correlation between the expression of lncRNA CERS6-AS1 and the characteristics of clinical data was analyzed. Kaplan-Meier curve was used to assess the survival analysis, while Cox proportional hazards model multivariate analysis was performed to evaluate the prognostic risk factors of gastric cancer to verify the prognostic possibility of CERS6-AS1. The expression of CERS6-AS1 in different gastric cancer cells was detected, being the development of gastric cancer cells after knockdown CERS6-AS1 studied using CCK-8, Transwell migration, and invasion detection methods. The targeting effect and interaction between CERS6-AS1 and miR-567 through biological analysis and luciferase activity detection. The expression of lncRNA CERS6-AS1 was elevated in gastric cancer tissues and cells. The results of this study demonstrate that the condition of gastric cancer patients was related to the expression of CERS6-AS1, and therefore CERS6-AS1 might be a prognostic factor for the progression of gastric cancer. In addition, the ability of gastric cancer cells to proliferate, migrate and invade could be reduced by knockdown CERS6-AS1. After CERS6-AS1 knockdown, the expression level of miR-567 in gastric cancer tissues decreased, while the expression level of miR-567 increased. In conclusion, lncRNA CERS6-AS1 might promote the progression of gastric cancer and had the potential as a prognostic marker of gastric cancer.
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- 2021
47. A circadian rhythm-related gene signature associated with tumor immunity, cisplatin efficacy, and prognosis in bladder cancer
- Author
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Jingjing Liang, Hu Tian, Cheng Yang, Ranran Zhou, Xinyu Chen, Cun-Dong Liu, and Qi Chen
- Subjects
Oncology ,circadian rhythm ,Male ,Aging ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Angiogenesis ,cisplatin ,Antineoplastic Agents ,Kaplan-Meier Estimate ,medicine.disease_cause ,Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Circadian rhythm ,Survival analysis ,Aged ,Cisplatin ,Bladder cancer ,business.industry ,Cancer ,Cell Biology ,medicine.disease ,Immune Checkpoint Proteins ,Prognosis ,immunity ,Immune checkpoint ,Urinary Bladder Neoplasms ,bladder cancer ,Female ,KRAS ,business ,Algorithms ,medicine.drug ,Research Paper - Abstract
Circadian dysregulation involves malignant tumor initiation and progression, but the understanding of circadian rhythm's roles in bladder cancer (BCa) remains insufficient. The circadian rhythm-related genes were collected and clustered based on the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), and the clustering was significantly associated with the prognosis and risk clinicopathological features. Through genomic difference analysis and gene pairing, a circadian rhythm-related signature was successfully established. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and time-dependent receiver operating curves displayed that the prognosis model was a reliable prognosis biomarker both in the training cohort (n = 396, P = 2.687e-10) and external validation cohort (n = 224, P = 1.45e-02). The patients with high risk have high immune infiltration and high expression of immune checkpoint genes, which partly account for the poor prognosis. TIDE algorithm and the validation in IMvigor210 cohort indicated that the risk signature was a promising marker for the immunotherapeutic response. The risk model could also predict the therapeutic response of cisplatin, which was validated in the Genomics of Drug Sensitivity in Cancer database (P = 0.0049), TCGA (P = 0.038), and T24 BCa cells treated with cisplatin. The functional enrichment showed the risk model was significantly correlated with some malignant phenotypes, such as angiogenesis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and KRAS signaling pathway. Totally, we proposed a novel circadian rhythm-related signature for prognosis evaluation, which also helped to predict the immune infiltration and cisplatin sensitivity in BCa.
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- 2021
48. A novel 6-gene signature derived from tumor-infiltrating T cells and neutrophils predicts survival of bladder urothelial carcinoma
- Author
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Xuan Zou, Yong Wei, Tao Qi, Xiaping Wang, Wenren Zuo, Tongshan Wang, Wei Zhu, and Xin Zhou
- Subjects
bladder urothelial carcinoma ,Male ,Aging ,Neutrophils ,Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ,T-Lymphocytes ,Urinary Bladder ,T cells ,Cell Biology ,Kaplan-Meier Estimate ,Prognosis ,survival ,Survival Analysis ,nomogram ,Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ,Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating ,Urinary Bladder Neoplasms ,Biomarkers, Tumor ,Humans ,Female ,Urothelium ,Research Paper ,Aged - Abstract
Intratumoral immune cells were reported to be associated with prognosis of bladder urothelial carcinoma (BUC). However, the role of immune cells related genes in BUC prognosis is less well defined. In the study, we analyzed data retrieved from the Cancer Genome Atlas database and found higher neutrophils and lower T cells infiltration in BUC tumor tissues were significantly correlated with patients' worse prognosis. Additionally, the expression levels of 164 genes were significantly correlated with T cells and neutrophils proportions. A Cox proportional-hazards model integrating 6 genes expression (EMP1, RASGRP4, HSPA1L, AHNAK, SLC1A6, and PRSS8) was identified. The 6-gene signature outperformed other clinical factors in risk prediction and was an independent prognostic factor for BUC. The findings were further conformed in three Gene Expression Omnibus datasets (n=331) and Jiangsu Province Hospital cohort (n = 46). Gene set enrichment analysis revealed that the model was highly involved in some immune-related pathways. A comprehensive nomogram combining the model and other clinical parameters was finally constructed to facilitate clinical application. In conclusion, a T cell and neutrophil-associated 6-gene prognostic model was identified for the survival prediction of BUC patients.
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- 2021
49. Comprehensive analysis of PPPCs family reveals the clinical significance of PPP1CA and PPP4C in breast cancer
- Author
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Wenjun Xie, Ying Sun, Yu Zeng, Linfei Hu, Jingtai Zhi, Hang Ling, Xiangqian Zheng, Xianhui Ruan, and Ming Gao
- Subjects
Bioengineering ,Breast Neoplasms ,Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology ,Breast cancer ,Cell Movement ,Cell Line, Tumor ,Protein Phosphatase 1 ,Databases, Genetic ,Biomarkers, Tumor ,Phosphoprotein Phosphatases ,Humans ,prognostic value ,Cell Proliferation ,General Medicine ,Prognosis ,Survival Analysis ,Up-Regulation ,Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ,Disease Progression ,MCF-7 Cells ,biomarker ,Female ,diagnostic value ,molecular function ,TP248.13-248.65 ,Biotechnology ,Research Article ,Research Paper ,phosphoprotein phosphatase catalytic subunit (PPPCs) family - Abstract
The phosphoprotein phosphatase catalytic subunit (PPPCs) family has been shown to play an important role in the development and progression of various malignancies, but its expression patterns and biological functions in breast cancer (BC) remain unclear. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the clinical significance and biological functions of the PPPCs family to understand its possible significance in the diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of breast cancer. We comprehensively investigated the expression levels, diagnostic accuracy, prognostic outcomes, biological functions and effects on immune cell infiltration of the PPPCs family in breast cancer using online databases. Except for PPP1CB, PPP1CC, PPP5C and PPEF1, the mRNA expression levels of the PPPCs family in breast cancer tissues were significantly different from those in paracancerous tissues. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were associated with the clinicopathological parameters and prognosis of breast cancer. The DEGs were mainly associated with the WNT signaling pathway, antigen presentation and DNA repair. In addition, the DEGs significantly affected the infiltration of immune cells in breast cancer tissues. Among the PPPCs family, PPP1CA and PPP4C played a prominent role in the progression of breast cancer, and inhibition of PPP1CA and PPP4C expression by siRNA can significantly inhibit breast cancer cells proliferation and migration. In conclusion, the PPPCs family, especially PPP1CA and PPP4C, could be used as new biomarkers to improve diagnostic accuracy, predict prognosis and novel targets for the treatment of breast cancer.
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- 2021
50. Development of epithelial-mesenchymal transition-related lncRNA signature for predicting survival and immune microenvironment in pancreatic cancerwithexperiment validation
- Author
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Guangfu Wang, Qun Chen, Yong Gao, Baobao Cai, Kuirong Jiang, Jinhui Liu, Yi Miao, and Zipeng Lu
- Subjects
Prognostic factor ,Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition ,Genomic data ,Immune microenvironment ,Bioengineering ,Biology ,epithelial–mesenchymal transition ,Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology ,Cohort Studies ,lncRNA ,Risk Factors ,Pancreatic cancer ,medicine ,Tumor Microenvironment ,Cluster Analysis ,Humans ,Epithelial–mesenchymal transition ,prognostic signature ,Immune mechanisms ,Proportional Hazards Models ,Tumor microenvironment ,Gene Expression Profiling ,Reproducibility of Results ,General Medicine ,medicine.disease ,Prognosis ,Survival Analysis ,Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ,Pancreatic Neoplasms ,Cancer research ,RNA, Long Noncoding ,tumorenvironment ,Function (biology) ,TP248.13-248.65 ,Biotechnology ,Research Article ,Research Paper - Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) have crucial function in epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) in pancreatic cancer. It is necessary to comprehensively analyze the potential role of EMT-related lncRNA in pancreatic cancer. In the present study, genomic data of pancreatic cancer from the TCGA database were downloaded and we found 368 EMT-related lncRNAs. According to the expression characteristics of prognostic-related lncRNAs, all samples could be divided into two clusters with different clinical outcomes and different tumor microenvironments. Moreover, an eleven EMT-related lncRNAs signature was established and verified. Patients with pancreatic cancer in the high-risk group had a shorter overall survival than those in the low-risk group and the signature could act as an independent prognostic factor. Further analysis suggested that the EMT-related lncRNAs might affect the prognosis of patients through immune mechanisms. All findings indicated that the signature and eleven lncRNAs might serve as potential prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets in the treatment of pancreatic cancer.
- Published
- 2021
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