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In recent years, paper‐based functional materials have received extensive attention in the field of energy storage due to their advantages of rich and adjustable porous network structure and good flexibility. As an important energy storage device, paper‐based supercapacitors have important application prospects in many fields and have also received extensive attention from researchers in recent years. At present, researchers have modified and regulated paper‐based materials by different means such as structural design and material composition to enhance their electrochemical storage capacity. The development of paper‐based supercapacitors provides an important direction for the development of green and sustainable energy. Therefore, it is of great significance to summarize the relevant work of paper‐based supercapacitors for their rapid development and application. In this review, the recent research progress of paper‐based supercapacitors based on cellulose was summarized in terms of various cellulose‐based composites, preparation skills, and electrochemical performance. Finally, some opinions on the problems in the development of this field and the future development trend were proposed. It is hoped that this review can provide valuable references and ideas for the rapid development of paper‐based energy storage devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Printed electronic paper identifies its interest in flexible organic electronics and sustainable and clean energy applications because of its straightforward production method, cost‐effectiveness, and positive environmental impact. However, current limitations include restricted material thickness and the use of supporting substrate for printing. Here, 2D and 3D electronic patterned paper are fabricated from direct ink writing (DIW) nanocellulose and PEDOT:PSS‐based materials using syringe deposition and 3D printing. The conductor patterns are integrated in the bulk of the paper, while non‐conductive sections are used as support to form free‐standing paper. The strong interface between the patterns of electronic patterned paper gives mechanical stability for practical handling. The conductive paper‐based electrode has 202 S cm−1 and is capable of handling electric current up to 0.7 A, which can be used for high‐power devices. Printed supercapacitor papers show high specific energy of 4.05 Wh kg−1, specific power of 4615 W kg−1 at 0.06 A g−1, and capacitance retention above 95% after 2000 cycles. The new design structure of electronic patterned papers presents a solution for additive manufacturing of paper‐based composites for supercapacitors, wearable electronics, or sensors for smart packaging. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The design of high‐performance electrode material without compromising energy and power density is critical for the advancement in hybrid electric vehicle technology. In this perspective, we have fabricated a MnO2 loaded activated charcoal‐based electrode on graphite paper as an endeavour to improve the energy storage capabilities. The electrode material is synthesized by employing a sustainable route and the structural, microstructural, and textural properties have been investigated. The electrochemical performance for energy storage is evaluated and the fabricated electrode on graphite paper exhibits remarkably high‐power density (811 W kg−1) maintaining high energy density (106 Wh kg−1) at the same time, along with high gravimetric specific capacitance value of 768 F g−1 at 2 mA cm−2. The obtained results demonstrate the excellent performance of the electrode material, suggesting MnO2 loaded activated charcoal as a prospective electrode material to meet the demand of hybrid electric vehicles as well as to contribute to our transitioning towards low‐to‐zero carbon emission technology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Samples of plastic and paper waste were collected and subjected to various procedures including drying, manual sorting, pulverization, and homogenization. The elemental analysis of the samples was conducted following the ASTM D3176-15 standard, revealing that the plastic-paper composite samples had lower carbon and hydrogen content compared to the PL100 plastic benchmark. While thermogravimetric tests were performed on the samples in a thermal analyzer according to the ASTM procedure. Interestingly, the composite samples showed a higher presence of elemental oxygen, except for the sample with 25%wt. of paper. Moreover, sulfur content increased in composite samples with 25% wt., 50% wt., and 75% wt. of paper, while the sample with 100% wt. of paper exhibited a decrease in sulfur content. Combustibility was assessed based on the peak temperature at the maximum weight loss rate, indicating that samples PL100, PL50+PA50, and PL75+PA25 displayed higher combustibility compared to samples PL25+PA95 and PA100. Hence, these samples could be recommended for use as refuse-derived fuel due to their potential for energy recovery. The impact of waste-to-fuel research will be felt in waste reduction (SDG 7), clean energy (SDG 12), climate action (SDG 13), and ecosystem protection (SDG 15). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The exploration of high-performance hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) catalysts is conducive to the development of clean hydrogen energy, yet still remains a challenge. Herein, we rapidly synthesize the Mo2C/MoS2 heterostructure on carbon paper (Mo2C/MoS2–CP) via carbothermal shock in only two seconds. The construction of the Mo2C/MoS2 heterostructure regulates the electronic structure of the Mo site and facilitates charge transfer during the HER process. Moreover, the catalyst exhibits enhanced hydrophilicity and aerophobicity, facilitating optimal electrolyte–catalyst interaction and efficient hydrogen bubble detachment for accelerated mass transfer. Consequently, Mo2C/MoS2–CP exhibits superior intrinsic alkaline HER activity, and excellent stability for 100 h. This finding provides a novel insight into the development of outstanding HER catalysts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Efficient and sustainable energy storage remains a critical challenge in the advancement of energy technologies. This study presents the fabrication and electrochemical evaluation of a self-supporting electrode material composed of MnO2 nanorods grown directly on a carbon paper and carbon nanotube (CNT) substrate using a hydrothermal method. The resulting CNT/MnO2 electrodes exhibit a unique structural architecture with a high surface area and a three-dimensional hierarchical arrangement, contributing to a substantial electrochemical surface area. Electrochemical testing reveals remarkable performance characteristics, including a specific capacitance of up to 316.5 F/g, which is 11 times greater than that of conventional CP/MnO2 electrodes. Moreover, the CNT/MnO2 electrodes demonstrate outstanding retention capacity, exhibiting a remarkable 165% increase over 10,000 cycles. Symmetric supercapacitor devices utilizing CNT/MnO2 electrodes maintain a large voltage window of 3 V and a specific capacitance as high as 200 F/g. These results underscore the potential of free-standing CNT/MnO2 electrodes to advance the development of high-performance supercapacitors, which can be crucial for efficient and sustainable energy storage solutions in various industrial and manufacturing applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • The alcohol yields achieved were 41.3 wt% and 48.5 wt% from the corrugated box and A4 paper. • Cellulose exhibited the conversion rate of 100 %, with alcohol substances achieving a yield of 71.2 wt% and a selectivity of 89.4 % within 6 h. • The mechanism of cellulose hydrolysis and the catalytic effect of CuMgAlO x were explored. • Multiple techniques were utilized to analyze the alcoholysis pathways and mechanisms of cellulose in waste paper. In an effort to valorize under-exploited cellulose sources like waste paper for sustainable energy production, this study investigates a catalytic process to convert these materials into low-carbon alcohols. We explored the conversion efficiency of various cellulose materials, including corrugated box, A4 paper, and pure cellulose, under the influence of a CuMgAlO x catalyst. Our findings indicate that at 360 °C for 6 h, the conversion rates were substantial, yielding 70.1 % for corrugated box, 85.2 % for A4 paper, and 100 % for cellulose. The respective alcohol selectivities achieved were 54.7 %, 83.0 %, and 89.4 %, with alcohol yields of 41.3 wt%, 48.5 wt%, and 71.2 wt%. Notably, the absence of the catalyst led predominantly to the production of sugars and lipids, whereas the catalytic conditions facilitated the formation of alcohols. The study also examined the effects of temperature and reaction time on cellulose conversion. It was found that a complete conversion was possible at 320 °C within 1 h, with extended temperature and time improving the alcohol yield. The development of a kinetic model for the cellulose conversion process has allowed for accurate predictions of the transformations under varied conditions, which offers a strategic framework for reaction optimization. Furthermore, the role of the CuMgAlO x catalyst was elucidated through the examination of model compounds, demonstrating its capability in converting cellulose intermediates such as sugars, lipids, and ketones into alcohols. This research highlights a potent strategy for the production of high-value, eco-friendly green fuels from readily available paper products and cellulose biomass, marking a significant advancement in chemical engineering and sustainable energy resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Efficient body heat harvesting with paper-based thermoelectric generator. [Display omitted] • Using paper as a flexible, lightweight, and biodegradable substrate for TEGs. • An easy, energy-efficient fabrication process suitable for large-scale production. • Maximum V oc and P max achieved were ∼42.60 mV and ∼10.65 nW at a Δ T of 30 °C. • Body attached PTG produces an output voltage of 11.95 mV and output power of 1.5 nW. • Effective low-grade heat harvesting from body, improving energy efficiency. The study presents the fabrication and characterization of paper-based thermoelectric generators (PTGs) using p -type Bi 0.5 Sb 1.5 Te 3 (BST) and n -type Bi 2 Te 2.7 Se 0.3 (BTS) thermoelectric (TE) materials, deposited via a novel cotton swab powder deposition technique. This method eliminates the need for complex equipment or high-temperature processes, reducing fabrication complexity and enabling large-scale production. The key advancements of this method are its simplicity, cost-effectiveness, and practical applicability, ensuring uniform coating and good material adherence to the paper substrate. The PTGs, consisting of five p - n pairs interconnected with various materials, were laminated for enhanced stability and humidity protection. Experimental measurements under temperature gradients(ΔT s) of 5–30 °C revealed an optimal configuration achieving an open-circuit voltage(V oc) of 42.60 mV, internal resistance(R int) of 42.50kΩ, short-circuit current(I sc) of 1.00µA, and maximum power output(P max) of 10.65nW for the carbon paste/copper sheet interconnected PTG at ΔT of 30 °C. The obtained normalized power density is 5.68nWcm-2K-1pair-1, which is one of the best among the reported Bi 2 Te 3 -based PTGs. A preliminary demonstration on an arm showed the PTG generating an 11.95 mV output voltage in hot weather conditions (ΔT ≈ 8 °C), effectively harnessing body heat for wearable electronics. This work highlights a simple, cost-effective, and scalable method for fabricating PTGs for sustainable energy harvesting in low-power wearable applications. Future efforts will focus on optimizing materials, fabrication techniques, and novel designs to enhance efficiency and scalability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using a panel data set from 2007 to 2019, we empirically evaluate the impact of carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) technology innovation on green total factor productivity (GTFP). The findings show that (1) CCUS technology innovation significantly improves GTFP. (2) CCUS technology innovation significantly contributes to GTFP by promoting industrial structure upgrading and carbon emissions efficiency. (3) Environmental regulation plays a positive moderating role in the nexus between CCUS technology innovation and GTFP. The findings of this paper provide guidance for China to achieve green energy transition and build a green energy system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Silicon is a promising anode material for the increased performance of lithium-ion batteries because of its high elemental composition and specific capacity. The application of silicon on a commercial scale is restricted due to the limitation of volume expansion. Silicon is also expensive, making it difficult for large-scale commercialisation. Different methods were used to address these issues, including a sintering process and the sol–gel method, to form silicon carbide (SiC), a hard chemical compound containing silicon and carbon. The silicon carbide anode not only acts as a buffer for volume expansion but also allows for better infiltration of the electrolyte, increasing charge and discharge capacity in the battery. Like silicon, silicon carbides can be costly. The development of renewable energy systems is very important, especially in the development of energy storage systems that are not only efficient but also cost-friendly. The cost of the energy storage devices is lowered, making them easily accessible. Silicon carbides can be synthesised from sugarcane, which is the fibrous waste that remains after juice extraction. This could be beneficial, as we could never run out of such a resource, and it offers low carbon with a high surface area. Silicon carbides can be synthesised by carbothermal reduction of silica from sugarcane bagasse. This review provides a comprehensive understanding of silicon carbides and synthetic processes. The innovative use of waste to synthesise materials would reduce costs and comply with Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 7 (affordable and clean energy) and 13 (climate action). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Existing literature ignores to consider multiple types of pollutants when analyzing energy efficiency and its convergence. Under this background, using SuperSBM-GML model, the improved entropy method, and convergence model, this paper calculates the green total-factor energy efficiency and its evolution trend of 35 China's industrial sub-sectors considering multiple pollutants, and analyzes its convergence. The results indicate that the average score of industrial green total-factor energy efficiency is low, and there are significant differences among sub-sectors: "Utilization of waste resources" is the highest, while "Manufacture of paper and paper products" is the lowest. The green total-factor energy efficiency shows an overall upward trend from 2006 to 2021, the main driving force comes from technological progress, but numerous sub-sectors have not sufficiently caught up with existing cutting-edge technologies. Specifically, the growth rate of green total-factor energy efficiency in high-energy-consumption sub-sectors is higher than low-to-medium-energy-consumption sub-sectors. There are both σ-convergence and β-convergence in low-to-medium-energy-consumption group, indicating that development of sub-sectors is stable and outstanding. Nevertheless, the high-energy-consumption group only exhibits conditional β-convergence, revealing an imbalance in energy efficiency development. Consequently, formulating the benchmark level of energy efficiency and developing energy efficiency "leader" system are suggested for low-to-medium and high-energy-consumption sub-sectors, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Extreme events have further complicated the already closely related carbon‐energy system, but little research has focused on the extreme spillovers between energy and carbon markets. This paper combines quantile vector autoregression with the extended joint connectedness approach to introduce a new quantile extended joint connectedness approach to study the extreme spillover between the carbon market, fossil energy and clean energy markets, using daily data spanning from October 15, 2010 to February 25, 2022. The results show that markets are more closely linked at extreme risk, and the spillover is time‐varying and cyclical. The impact of extreme events will strengthen the links between markets. Further research shows different clean energy have heterogeneous spillovers on the carbon market, especially when impacted by extreme events. Finally, the hedging and portfolio effectiveness of clean energy to carbon market also show the existence of heterogeneity, and clean energy can diversify the portfolio of carbon market. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article explores the impact of Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage (CCUS) technology innovation on green total factor productivity (GTFP) in China. The study finds that CCUS technology innovation has a positive effect on GTFP by improving industrial structure and carbon emissions efficiency. Environmental regulations also contribute to this relationship. The author suggests further research to refine the measurement of GTFP and address potential issues in the analysis. They also recommend conducting a heterogeneity analysis and mediation test to understand the mechanism of CCUS technology innovation on GTFP. Overall, this study provides valuable insights into the relationship between CCUS adoption and environmental productivity in China. [Extracted from the article]

Global energy security is a growing worldwide concern in the presence of high economic policy uncertainty (EPU) that can be addressed by advancing sustainable energy diversification (ED) practices. Energy security can be estimated by combining ED and EPU indices; hence, this study uses a dataset covering three continents and 26 countries from 1995 to 2023 to measure energy security employing this approach. The study employs quantile regression and panel data analysis, finding a positive relationship between EPU and ED. The results reveal that when EPU increases, the spectrum of energy sources declines, negatively impacting energy security. Other factors of globalization, Gross Domestic Product, gross capital formation, and the labor force also have an impact on the spectrum of energy sources. To obtain a sustainable level of ED, policymakers should increase investment in gross capital formation because economic growth and openness via pro-global policies have less impact on ED. This study also demonstrates that labor capital shifts have a significant effect on ED. The quantitative results reveal the importance of clear and precise economic policies for increasing investment in carbon-free energy security. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Algae-based wastewater bioremediation offers a cost-effective method for sustainably treating wastewater while simultaneously addressing global water scarcity and pollution. This study highlights the benefits of treating primary-treated (PTW) and secondary-treated (STW) paper-pulp industrial wastewaters using the microalga Tetradesmus obliquus (Turpin) Kützing. A batch culture study revealed that 50 % secondary treated wastewater can increase the biomass yield 1.8 fold to 2.51 g L−1 in 15 days with a corresponding lipid yield of 390.2 mg L−1. Upscaling this work in 200 L open raceway ponds with 50 % STW as the growth medium showed areal biomass and lipid productivities of 26.80 and 3.90 g m−2 day−1, respectively, in 15 days at 20 cm culture depth. This translates to a projected high annual biomass productivity of approximately 85.0 tons hectare−1 year−1 based on datasets spanning two consecutive years. Bioremediation efficiencies of 80.0 %, 91.51 %, and 92.10 % were achieved for COD, TOC, and NH 4 + respectively. Biodiesel produced showed a large percentage of saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids (∼90 %) and its fuel properties complied with the global biodiesel standards. This study thus shows that using paper-pulp industrial wastewater for algal growth offers a sustainable solution for energy generation and wastewater treatment, with significant implications for environmental sustainability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The pulp-paper industry is one of the main industrial sectors that produce massive amounts of residual sludge, constituting an enormous environmental burden for the industries. Traditional sludge management practices, such as landfilling and incineration, are restricted due to mounting environmental pressures, complex regulatory frameworks, land availability, high costs, and public opinion. Valorization of pulp-paper industry sludge (PPS) to produce high-value products is a promising substitute for traditional sludge management practices, promoting their reuse and recycling. Valorization of PPIS for biorefinery beneficiation includes biomethane, biohydrogen, bioethanol, biobutanol, and biodiesel production for renewable energy generation. Additionally, the various thermo-chemical technologies can be utilized to synthesize bio-oil, hydrochar, biochar, adsorbent, and activated carbon, signifying potential for value-added generation. Moreover, PPIS can be recycled as a byproduct by incorporating it into nanocomposites, cardboard, and construction materials development. This paper aims to deliver a comprehensive overview of PPIS management approaches and thermo-chemical technologies utilized for the development of platform chemicals in industry. Substitute uses of PPIS, such as making building materials, developing supercapacitors, and making cardboard, are also discussed. In addition, this article deeply discusses recent developments in biotechnologies for valorizing PPIS to yield an array of valuable products, such as biofuels, lactic acids, cellulose, nanocellulose, and so on. This review serves as a roadmap for future research endeavors in the effective handling of PPIS. [Display omitted] • Valorization of pulp-paper industry sludge is a sustainable option for getting waste to wealth. • Pre-treatment of pulp-paper industry sludge helps in yielding platform chemicals in the biorefinery scenario. • Pulp-paper industry sludge is a sustainable feedstock for renewable energy production. • Biochars derived from pulp-paper industry sludge exhibited excellent adsorption performance for metals removal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Surface engineering of paper electrode through simple voltametric scanning and pre-anodization techniques. • Role of functional groups and influence on hydrogen evolution reaction. • Low-potential HER in 0.5 M H 2 SO 4 with two Tafel slope, 34.2 and 49.88 mV/ dec−1. Hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is considered the most promising way to produce clean and sustainable hydrogen energy. Carbon-based materials have been discovered to be efficient for catalyzing HER reactions in addition to conventional noble metal-based electrodes. Surface engineering of electrodes through simple methods are important to enhance the electrochemical properties and to keep the cost economical. Herein, we tried to understand the influence of simple electrochemical pre-treatment methods on Paper electrode (PPE) surface towards electrocatalytical activity. The pretreatment methods involving simple voltametric scanning and pre-anodization has been carried out under various electrolytic conditions and investigated for their role on electrochemical activities. The pretreated electrodes were thoroughly characterized with surface morphological and electrochemical techniques. The pre-anodized disposable paper electrode (PA-PPE- H 2 SO 4) modified with pyrene butyric acid (PA-PPE- H 2 SO 4 -PBA) was found to show excellent electrochemical properties and exhibited a low-potential HER (Onset potential, E onset = -0.1 V Vs. RHE) in 0.5 M H 2 SO 4 with a Tafel slopes, 34.2 and 49.88 mV/ dec−1. The obtained results are substantially better than that of reported carbon-based electrodes, where the benefit of Platinum leaching out from the counter electrodes are speculated. The formation of edge-plane sites/defects, and functional groups on electrode surfaces and modification effect by PBA are the reason behind the increased the electrochemical response. Since paper has been used as a substrate for fabrication of the electrodes, possibility to use the same in future as a flexible current collector for self-powering wearable devices/sensors are anticipated. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] The global municipal solid waste (MSW) generation rate is 2.01 billion metric tonnes annually with an average of 0.74 kg waste/person/day. Approximately 92 % of the MSW originates from organics composition (e.g., food waste; plastic; paper; garden waste/woods, and textile), where 33 % of overall MSW is improperly managed in an efficient and environmentally safe manner. One of the promising methods to solve MSW management issues is to convert MSW into refuse-derived fuel (RDF) that can be used for the clinker burning process in cement kiln to replace the usage of fossil-based solid fuel. Thus, the potential of local MSW composition in energy recovery; suitability of RDF production technology; as well as international-industry requirement on RDF in co-processing and environmental concerns are discussed. Due to heterogeneous composition and sizes in nature, high moisture, and substantial amount of chloride content in MSW, it needs to undergo pre-treatment processes to enhance the RDF's physio-chemical properties that comply with RDF ASTM/EN standards, where expected high heating value (HHV) is > 20 MJ/kg, ash (<10 %), Chloride (Cl) (<0.80 – 1.00 %), Sulphate (S) (<1.50 %), Nitrate (N) (<1.00 %). As the development of upgraded MSW to RDF is still new in the commercial phase, there is minimal information and data on the techno-economic analysis, as well as recent industrial-scale of thermos-chemical conversion technologies for RDF preparation. Hence, the present work provides a clear picture on overview of municipal solid waste (MSW) generation, MSW composition, MSW pretreatment, and application as co-processing in cement industry are discussed. Besides, recent thermochemical upgrading process (torrefaction, dry carbonization, and hydrothermal carbonization) of MSW from R&D to commercial scale was further highlighted. In summary, this review serves as basic criterion and strategies to explore the new path of upgrading the waste into RDF for the purpose of sustainable energy recovery that adopting in circular carbon economy framework. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article, titled "Comments by Phouphet Kyophilavong on Toward a Green Energy System: How Does Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage Technology Innovation Promote Green Total Factor Productivity?" explores the impact of carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) technology innovation on green total factor productivity (GTFP). The author raises questions about the calculation of GTFP and the advantage of using the Global Malmquist-Luenberger (GML) index. They also inquire about the variables and calculation of the CCUS technology innovation index and suggest conducting tests for normality, nonlinearity, and parameter stability. Additionally, the author recommends including more literature on mediating and moderating roles and addressing multicollinearity problems. [Extracted from the article]

The article announces the 2022 Clean Energy Best Paper Prizes, recognizing outstanding research including microgrid-based PV/battery/EV systems by Aziz Haffaf, a model for PV power losses by S. Ghosh, and a comparison of PV modules in India by Niranjan Singh Baghel.

The article discusses the role of hydrogen and ammonia technology in promoting clean energy. Hydrogen is seen as a clean energy carrier that can help reduce air pollution. However, most hydrogen production still relies on natural gas, which leads to greenhouse gas emissions. Ammonia gas, which contains more hydrogen than hydrogen itself, is also being explored as a clean alternative to fossil fuels. There are challenges to overcome in transitioning to hydrogen technology, such as safety concerns and high production costs. Despite these challenges, there is increasing investment and commitment to integrating hydrogen into national energy strategies. The article also highlights the potential of green ammonia as a derivative of hydrogen for storage and transport, particularly in sectors where traditional battery storage is not feasible. Ongoing advancements in hydrogen production and the development of green ammonia offer promising opportunities for achieving a sustainable and clean energy future. [Extracted from the article]

The decision to implement a biogas production project involves the evaluation of multiple variables, such as the problem to be solved, the biodigester, business model, investment, and final products. An integrative literature review was conducted, in which 58 papers were obtained and relevant criteria for decision-making in biogas production projects from organic waste were identified. Three stages were considered in the analysis of the biogas production cycle: initial, plant, and final, as well as the economic, environmental, and social aspects that influence the decision. In general, the publications are dispersed over 30 different journals. The methodology used in most studies is empirical, quantitative, and descriptive, with data collected mainly from secondary sources. From the studies, 499 original criteria were identified, which were classified into one of four categories: economic, environmental, social, and technical, which cover a total of 39 sub-criteria. Economic and technical criteria were the most frequent in publications, while environmental and social criteria were less common and less prioritized. This suggests that there is a tendency to prioritize economic and technical dimensions over environmental and social dimensions in the analysis of the papers found. Finally, a preliminary decision-making model based on the findings is proposed. Implications: The integrative review of the literature on biogas and decision-making presented in this study holds significant implications for policy and practice in the field of sustainable energy production, organic waste management and decision making for public managers. By analyzing 159 papers and developing a comprehensive classification system, we have identified key sub-criteria for decision-making in various stages of the biogas production cycle. The predominance of technical and economic sub-criteria demonstrates the priorities of the current state of biogas projects and, at the same time, the need to promote balance between the technical, economic, social and environmental spheres in decision-making in order to achieve truly sustainable biogas projects. Policymakers can utilize these findings to promote the adoption of more holistic decision-making approaches that consider diverse factors, fostering the development of environmentally-friendly and socially equitable biogas ventures. This research provides valuable insights into aligning biogas production with broader sustainability goals and guides policymakers in formulating evidence-based strategies for the advancement of renewable energy technologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The University of Alcalá in Madrid will organize the "III International Congress on Green Public Procurement and Climate Change" on October 4th and 5th, 2023. The congress aims to receive oral communications on topics related to green public procurement and climate change, as well as tangential aspects such as sustainable food, legislation on climate change, public procurement and depopulation, sustainable infrastructure and energy efficiency, and sustainable or low-emission mobility. The Scientific Committee will review the communications and select the best ones for possible publication in the journal Actualidad Jurídica Ambiental. The deadline for submitting abstracts is May 15th, 2023. [Extracted from the article]

The trading market of carbon emission permits is not only an effective tool for tackling climate change, but it also reinforces the connection between carbon and energy markets by risk transmission. This paper investigates the volatility spillover effects and dynamic correlation between fossil energy, clean energy and the European Union carbon markets by applying the asymmetric BEKK- and DCC-GARCH models in a time-frequency framework and designs the portfolio strategies. Empirical results display that fossil energy market has a significantly positive impact on the clean energy market at most scales, but the feedback transmission is relatively weak. Two indirect volatility spillover effects exist between the three markets, which are 'fossil energy→carbon→clean energy' and 'clean energy→carbon→fossil energy', suggesting that the carbon market plays a vital role in bridging the clean and fossil energy markets. Significant time-varying asymmetric effects are identified between the three markets, and the carbon market is confirmed to offer the least expensive hedge to an investment in oil. Our findings can provide meaningful implications for policymakers to design market mechanism and investors to adjust hedging strategies and diversify their portfolios. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the ever‐growing adoption of artificial intelligence (AI)‐based systems, the carbon footprint of AI is no longer negligible. AI researchers and practitioners are therefore urged to hold themselves accountable for the carbon emissions of the AI models they design and use. This led in recent years to the appearance of researches tackling AI environmental sustainability, a field referred to as Green AI. Despite the rapid growth of interest in the topic, a comprehensive overview of Green AI research is to date still missing. To address this gap, in this article, we present a systematic review of the Green AI literature. From the analysis of 98 primary studies, different patterns emerge. The topic experienced a considerable growth from 2020 onward. Most studies consider monitoring AI model footprint, tuning hyperparameters to improve model sustainability, or benchmarking models. A mix of position papers, observational studies, and solution papers are present. Most papers focus on the training phase, are algorithm‐agnostic or study neural networks, and use image data. Laboratory experiments are the most common research strategy. Reported Green AI energy savings go up to 115%, with savings over 50% being rather common. Industrial parties are involved in Green AI studies, albeit most target academic readers. Green AI tool provisioning is scarce. As a conclusion, the Green AI research field results to have reached a considerable level of maturity. Therefore, from this review emerges that the time is suitable to adopt other Green AI research strategies, and port the numerous promising academic results to industrial practice. This article is categorized under:Technologies > Machine Learning [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Green energy has become one of the most recurrent topics of the last decade, with a clear ascending trend in terms of popularity and strategic relevance. Although the term has been a fundamental element in the energy, environmental science, or engineering domains, we can now observe frequent linkages with the highly dynamic and versatile economic context. With this in mind, in the current paper, we aim to present the related literature approaches that integrated green energy in economics, while also identifying the evolutionary differences of perspectives and frameworks. Therefore, the methodology will start by showcasing the clear evolution of the concept, with statistical overviews that confirm its increasing frequency. Afterward, we will limit the review to the papers that integrated green energy in the title, in an endeavor to illustrate the main connections and synergies found within the economic and business area. A selection of 50 papers will be made, 25 being published in the 2010-2019 period and 25 starting in 2020. Consequently, a classification framework will be constructed to allocate each paper based on the general subject and the main methodology used. After profiling the periods and extracting valuable comparisons, the papers will be curated through the computation of different text-mining techniques, resulting in insightful statistics on the most common words, complementary concepts, and general sentiment. The study's main conclusion will be the observed prevalence of a new economic framework, based on economic growth and sustainability: green growth. Therefore, in terms of contribution, by using data mining and sentiment analysis, we have extracted valuable information from a large volume of text, methodically proving that green energy is frequently linked with economic development, and evolving conceptually throughout the last decades. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Power grids in the 21st century face unprecedented challenges, including the urgent need to combat pollution, mitigate climate change, manage dwindling fossil fuel reserves, integrate renewable energy sources, and meet greater energy demand due to higher living standards. These challenges create heightened uncertainty, driven by the intermittent nature of renewables and surges in energy consumption, necessitating adaptable demand response (DR) strategies. This study addresses this urgent situation based on a statistical analysis of recent scientific research papers. It evaluates the current trends and DR practices in buildings, recognizing their pivotal role in achieving energy supply–demand equilibrium. The study analysis provides insight into building types, sample sizes, DR modeling approaches, and management strategies. The paper reveals specific research gaps, particularly the need for more detailed investigations encompassing building types and leveraging larger datasets. It underscores the potential benefits of adopting a multifaceted approach by combining multiple DR management strategies to optimize demand-side management. The findings presented in this paper can provide information to and guide future studies, policymaking, and decision-making processes to assess the practical potential of demand response in buildings and ultimately contribute to more resilient and sustainable energy systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The New Journal of Chemistry, published by The Royal Society of Chemistry and the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, focuses on new directions in chemistry. This document is a contents list for the journal, providing information about the ISSN, cover image, and a list of communications and papers featured in the issue. The papers cover a range of topics including lanthanum capture, corrosion inhibition, supercapacitor applications, catalysis, and nanocomposites. Each paper explores a specific scientific concept or mechanism, offering valuable insights into various fields of research. The document also mentions other journals related to energy research and sustainable energy technologies. [Extracted from the article]

As China's carbon market continues to develop, its close connection with the financial and energy markets is becoming increasingly apparent. A systematic study of the spillover effects between markets is important, as it can help prevent excessive fluctuations in carbon prices. With this in mind, this study proposes a time‐varying parameter vector autoregression with Lanne–Nyberg decomposition extended joint connectedness approach to analyze quantitatively the spillover effects in the "carbon–energy–financial" system. Empirical results show that a bidirectional spillover effect exists among markets. Not only does the carbon market have the most pronounced return (volatility) linkages with the natural gas (clean energy) market, but the information connected with the energy markets is also more closely linked than with the financial markets. We also find that market fluctuations, caused by the China–US trade conflict and the COVID‐19 pandemic, have increased spillovers in the system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Digital solutions enable advances in connectivity, data, and analytics, and can greatly increase overall efficiency of energy system and facilitate achievement of Sustainable Development Goals. Digital innovations offer new ways of addressing challenges in the overall energy delivery process, in addition to energy efficiency specifically, and of finding exceptional ways to address them. The present document was prepared pursuant to the Work Plans for 2022-2023 of the Group of Experts on Energy Efficiency (ECE/ENERGY/2021/10) and of the Group of Experts on Cleaner Electricity Systems (ECE/ENERGY/2021/8) that mandate these Groups of Experts to jointly explore opportunities and side-effects of digitalizing electricity systems, with a focus on system efficiency, innovative business models, and effective policymaking. This work was conducted under the dedicated Task Force on Digitalization in Energy (hosted by the Group of Experts on Energy Efficiency), which serves as an umbrella for the subsidiary bodies of the Committee on Sustainable Energy to conduct relevant research and assess sectoral opportunities and challenges. The document discusses opportunities and benefits of digitalizing electricity systems, maps stakeholders involved, and outlines challenges for consideration by public authorities, private sector actors, and end-users. It concludes with recommendations on policies to accelerate electricity systems transformation through digitalization, to achieve higher levels of efficiency while ensuring security and sustainability. The document also contains results of a survey launched to acquire expert-level insights on challenges and opportunities of digitalizing energy systems across geographies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current study analyzed the high heating values (HHVs) of various waste biomass materials intending to the effective management and more sustainable consumption of waste as clean energy source. Various biomass waste samples including date leaves, date branches, coconut leaves, grass, cooked macaroni, salad, fruit and vegetable peels, vegetable scraps, cooked food waste, paper waste, tea waste, and cardboard were characterized for proximate analysis. The results revealed that all the waste biomass were rich in organic matter (OM). The total OM for all waste biomass ranged from 79.39% to 98.17%. Likewise, the results showed that all the waste biomass resulted in lower ash content and high fixed carbon content associated with high fuel quality. Based on proximate analysis, various empirical equations (HHV=28.296-0.2887(A)-656.2/VM, HHV=18.297-0.4128(A)+35.8/FC and HHV=22.3418-0.1136(FC)-0.3983(A)) have been tested to predict HHVs. It was observed that the heterogeneous nature of various biomass waste considerably affects the HHVs and hence has different fuel characteristics. Similarly, the HHVs of waste biomass were also determined experimentally using the bomb calorimeter, and it was observed that among all the selected waste biomass, the highest HHVs (21.19 MJ kg−1) resulted in cooked food waste followed by cooked macaroni (20.25 MJ kg−1). The comparison revealed that experimental HHVs for the selected waste biomass were slightly deviated from the predicted HHVs. Based on HHVs, various thermochemical and biochemical technologies were critically overviewed to assess the suitability of waste biomass to energy products. It has been emphasized that valorizing waste-to-energy technologies provides the dual benefits of sustainable management and production of cleaner energy to reduce fossil fuels dependency. However, the key bottleneck in commercializing waste-to-energy systems requires proper waste collection, sorting, and continuous feedstock supply. Moreover, related stakeholders should be involved in designing and executing the decision-making process to facilitate the global recognition of waste biorefinery concept. [Display omitted] • The high heating values (HHVs) of biomass waste were assessed with the aim for the sustainable consumption of waste as a source of clean energy. • All the biomass waste were rich in organic matter and fixed carbon content that ranged from 79.39% to 98.17% and 50.64%–54.26% respectively. • The maximum HHVs (21.19 MJkg−1) were recorded for cooked food waste. • The heterogeneous nature of various biomass waste considerably affects the HHVs and hence serve as suitable feedstock for various energy conversion technologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

After more than 50 years of exploration and research that has intensified over the past decade, deep‐seabed mining (DSM) remains a controversial subject, resulting mainly from legacy issues of other extractive industries. Moreover, our planet is environmentally challenged, with climate change as one of the major issues that we collectively face. Deep‐seabed mining aims to collect metal resources lying on the deep seabed to help meet increased global demand caused by growth in population and urbanization, and clean energy, in a way that reduces pressures on land, such as deforestation and community relocation. The metals found on the seabed are those needed to address climate change through clean energy technologies. An important question facing us is: How do we, most responsibly, obtain the metals we need with the least impact on the planet we are trying to protect? DSM is one of the options to meet the demand. In this IEAM special series, we set out to present neutral and unbiased perspectives on the environmental implications of DSM. Our aim is to offer readers environmental management considerations learned by researchers around the world and working in diverse aspects of the field, including: population and community assessment, biota ecosystem services, environmental ethics, and rehabilitation and restoration. In consideration of the controversies, fundamental questions still remain: How can a new industry be given the opportunity to "do the right thing"? How do we make evidence‐based decisions about where metals should come from when emotions and possibly fear often seem to drive the debate? Can we assume that decisions and policies are best achieved based on data and evidence? The papers presented in the series help address these questions and cover a range of diverse topics from ethical frameworks to biodiversity assessment to risk assessment to restoration. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2022;18:631–633. © 2021 SETAC Key Points: Deep seabed mining (DSM) is one of the options to meet the demand for metals globally.This special series presents neutral and unbiased perspectives on the environmental implications of DSM.Fundamental questions remain: can a new industry be given the opportunity to "do the right thing"; how do evidence‐based decisions about where metals should come from be made, when emotions and fear often drive the debate, and can we assume that decisions and policies are best achieved based on data and evidence.Papers presented in the special series help address key questions and cover a range of diverse topics from ethical frameworks to biodiversity assessment to risk assessment to restoration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An editorial is presented on the winners of the Clean Energy Best Paper Prizes for 2021, which recognize research in clean and low-carbon energy. An overview of the awarded papers such as blockchain technology in energy trading, the design of a solar power station in Sudan, and the performance of a floating photovoltaic system in an Indian reservoir is presented. It further emphasizes the significance of clean energy and the journal's commitment to promote a sustainable future.

Global demand for electricity has risen, driving a shift toward sustainable energy sources like Photovoltaic (PV) systems. Despite their efficiency challenges compared to traditional fuels, significant investments and research are advancing the technology. This paper investigates multilevel inverter topologies, with a focus on Z-source technology for high-power PV applications. The study begins with an overview of the growing demand for alternative energy sources and the role of multilevel inverters in enhancing PV system performance. It discusses prominent multilevel inverter topologies, such as Neutral Point Clamped (NPC) and Cascaded H-Bridge (CHB) inverters, as well as control techniques including Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) and Predictive Control. Furthermore, it explores the functionality of Z-source inverters both with and without PV systems, highlighting their ability to provide voltage boosting, fault tolerance, and improved power quality. For load purposes, Electric Vehicle (EV) charging has been incorporated. The paper uses MATLAB/Simulink to compare multilevel inverter configurations and finds that the CHB inverter with Z-source is superior for PV applications due to its lower Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) and reduced semiconductor usage. The study also simulates a hybrid storage system with batteries and supercapacitors. The paper concludes with insights into future research directions, advanced control strategies, optimization techniques, and grid integration methods. These avenues promise further enhancement of efficiency, reliability, and grid compatibility for multilevel inverters in PV systems. Overall, this research contributes to the selection of optimal multilevel converter topologies for improving the performance of PV systems and advancing the integration of renewable energy into the electrical grid. The findings offer valuable insights for researchers, practitioners, and policymakers working toward a sustainable energy future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Accurate short-term load forecasting (STLF) plays an essential role in sustainable energy development. Specifically, energy companies can efficiently plan and manage their generation capacity, lessening resource wastage and promoting the overall efficiency of power resource utilization. However, existing models cannot accurately capture the nonlinear features of electricity data, leading to a decline in the forecasting performance. To relieve this issue, this paper designs an innovative load forecasting method, named Prophet–CEEMDAN–ARBiLSTM, which consists of Prophet, Complete Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition with Adaptive Noise (CEEMDAN), and the residual Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (BiLSTM) network. Specifically, this paper firstly employs the Prophet method to learn cyclic and trend features from input data, aiming to discern the influence of these features on the short-term electricity load. Then, the paper adopts CEEMDAN to decompose the residual series and yield components with distinct modalities. In the end, this paper designs the advanced residual BiLSTM (ARBiLSTM) block as the input of the above extracted features to obtain the forecasting results. By conducting multiple experiments on the New England public dataset, it demonstrates that the Prophet–CEEMDAN–ARBiLSTM method can achieve better performance compared with the existing Prophet-based ones. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The countries of China, the United States, India, Russia, Japan, and Germany emit 60% of the world’s carbon gases that cause climate change and the breakdown of biodiversity. At the same time, these countries, and the corporations they created seek to make sizable economic profits from “Green Energy” as a replacement for dependence on the carbon-based economy. State government and corporate policies promote the mining of metals such as gold, tantalum, and lithium—key elements necessary for supporting the development for electrical replacements to petroleum-based machines like cars. The problem explored in this article is that while effecting “green energy” is a positive step toward reversing the adverse effects of the carbon-based economy, catastrophic damage is done to the environment and indigenous peoples. The consequent mining and other resource exploitation of the “greening” directly destroy and pollutes the environment while violently forcing the removal of indigenous peoples from their territories or now killing thousands of people. Democratizing mining and other resource exploitation inside indigenous peoples’ ancestral territories is essential and must become the new standard—a standard based on obtaining the consent of the affect indigenous peoples. The author presents a green-energy plan for mediating relations between indigenous nations, corporations, and states. Mining and exploiting “green energy” resources is a dominant yet destructive economic activity in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC)—the second largest state in the African Continent. The DRC illustrates the problem as the largest source of “green-energy” tantalum—a “refractory metal” mined with lithium essential to producing capacitors, computer chips and semiconductors used in electric technology. Tantalum and lithium are mined primarily from the territories of indigenous nations with disastrous consequences. INSET: Our Land Our Nature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Today's societies need a sustainable supply of energy more than ever, whereas unseen events challenge the electric power supply. The coordinated operation of a power‐gas‐transportation system can decrease the effects of such faults in the distribution level. This paper proposes a model predictive control approach for dynamic load restoration in an integrated energy system. The coordination of electric and gas networks besides the mobile energy storage (MES) units provides a novel resilient alternative to serve active and reactive loads. First, the location and time of drastic events are identified as the initialization phase in this paper using a vulnerability analysis by a master–slave problem to find the weak points of the electric grid. Then, a rolling horizon model predictive control‐based approach is proposed to make corrective decisions to serve loads. Meanwhile, a new linearization approach for the Weymouth equation has been proposed based on the binary expansion method. The proposed linear resiliency‐oriented scheduling problem is tested on IEEE 33‐bus and IEEE 69‐bus integrated with a seven‐node gas distribution grid and a six‐station transportation railway. The analysis revealed that the coordination between electric and gas resources minimizes the not‐supplied load; MES units act as certain emergency tools to serve the critical loads. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The integration of photovoltaic, energy storage, direct current, and flexible load (PEDF) technologies in building power systems is an important means to address the energy crisis and promote the development of green buildings. The friendly interaction between the PEDF systems and the power grid can promote the utilization of renewable energy and enhance the stability of the power grid. For this purpose, this work introduces a framework of multiple incentive mechanisms for a PEDF park, a building energy system that implements PEDF technologies. The incentive mechanisms proposed in this paper include both economic and noneconomic aspects, which is the most significant innovation of this paper. By modeling the relationship between a PEDF park and the power grid into a Stackelberg game, we demonstrate the effectiveness of these incentive measures in promoting the friendly interaction between the two entities. In this game model, the power grid determines on the prices of electricity trading and incentive subsidy, aiming to maximize its revenue while reducing the peak load of the PEDF park. On the other hand, the PEDF park make its dispatch plan according to the prices established by the grid, in order to reduce electricity consumption expense, improve electricity utility, and enhance the penetration rate of renewable energy. The results show that the proposed incentive mechanisms for the PEDF park can help to optimize energy consumption and promote sustainable energy practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present paper reviews the hot topics at the 18th Conference on Sustainable Development of Energy, Water, and Environment Systems (SDEWES) held from 24 to 29 September 2023 in Dubrovnik, Croatia. The selected papers, including aspects of biomass energy application, energy saving in building, low-carbon development and climate change adaptation, hybrid application of sustainable energy, energy storage system, and other measures in sustainable development, are published in this Special Issue of Energies. The 12 selected papers in Energies and corresponding literature that relates to the above topics and has been published in the most recent year are reviewed. In particular, diversifying energy applications are trending towards comprehensive integration with more efficient clean energy capacities for global energy procurement, which can also offer increased resilience and sustainability, reduce reliance on fossil fuels, mitigate environmental impacts, and enhance energy security through a mix of renewable sources and innovative technologies. Meanwhile, energy storage has become increasingly important, which can manage the intermittent of renewable energy, stabilize the grid, and improve energy security and resilience against disruptions. In addition to conventional solar energy storage, biomass energy storage, building energy storage, water storage, etc., can also reduce the overall energy costs, deferring investments in additional transmission infrastructure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper highlights the necessity for nations to adopt green growth strategies to achieve economic prosperity, social equity, and environmental sustainability. By examining governance indicators in six East Asian economies from 1995 to 2021, it finds that a 1% increase in the rule of law boosts green energy deployment by 0.33%, while a 1% rise in corruption reduces it by 0.25%. Similarly, a 1% increase in transparency leads to a 0.45% rise in green energy. Higher income levels encourage green energy adoption, with a 1% increase in income resulting in a 0.19% boost, whereas a 1% rise in income inequality decreases deployment by 0.32%. The paper suggests policies to enhance the rule of law, promote transparent governance, reduce income inequality, and encourage inclusive growth to support green growth objectives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents innovations in green electronic and computing technologies. The importance and the status of the main subjects in green electronic and computing technologies are presented in this paper. In the last semicentennial, the planet suffered from rapid changes in climate. The planet is suffering from increasingly wild storms, hurricanes, typhoons, hard droughts, increases in seawater height, floods, seawater acidification, decreases in groundwater reserves, and increases in global temperatures. These climate changes may be irreversible if companies, organizations, governments, and individuals do not act daily and rapidly to save the planet. Unfortunately, the continuous growth in the number of computing devices, cellular devices, smartphones, and other smart devices over the last fifty years has resulted in a rapid increase in climate change. It is severely crucial to design energy-efficient "green" technologies and devices. Toxic waste from computing and cellular devices is rapidly filling up landfills and increasing air and water pollution. This electronic waste contains hazardous and toxic materials that pollute the environment and affect our health. Green computing and electronic engineering are employed to address this climate disaster. The development of green materials, green energy, waste, and recycling are the major objectives in innovation and research in green computing and electronics technologies. Energy-harvesting technologies can be used to produce and store green energy. Wearable active sensors and metamaterial antennas with circular split ring resonators (CSSRs) containing energy-harvesting units are presented in this paper. The measured bandwidth of the matched sensor is around 65% for VSWR, which is better than 3:1. The sensor gain is 14.1 dB at 2.62 GHz. A wideband 0.4 GHz to 6.4 GHz slot antenna with an RF energy-harvesting unit is presented in this paper. The Skyworks Schottky diode, SMS-7630, was used as the rectifier diode in the harvesting unit. If we transmit 20 dBm of RF power from a transmitting antenna that is located 0.2 m from the harvesting slot antenna at 2.4 GHz, the output voltage at the output port of the harvesting unit will be around 1 V. The power conversion efficiency of the metamaterial antenna dipole with metallic strips is around 75%. Wearable sensors with energy-harvesting units provide efficient, low-cost healthcare services that contribute to a green environment and minimize energy consumption. The measurement process and setups of wearable sensors are presented in this paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]