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When using deep learning networks for dynamic feature rejection in SLAM systems, problems such as a priori static object motion leading to disturbed build quality and accuracy and slow system runtime are prone to occur. In this paper, based on the ORB-SLAM2 system, we propose a method based on improved YOLOv5 networks combined with geometric constraint methods for SLAM map building in dynamic environments. First, this paper uses ShuffleNetV2 to lighten the YOLOv5 network, which increases the improved network's operation speed without reducing the accuracy. At the same time, a pyramidal scene parsing network segmentation head is added to the head part of the YOLOv5 network to achieve semantic extraction in the environment, so that the improved YOLOv5 network has both target detection and semantic segmentation functions. In order to eliminate the objects with low dynamic features in the environment, this paper adopts the method of geometric constraints to extract and eliminate the dynamic features of the low dynamic objects. By combining the improved YOLOv5 network with the geometric constraint method, the robustness of the system is improved and the interference of dynamic targets in the construction of the SLAM system map is eliminated. The test results on the TUM dataset show that, when constructing a map in a dynamic environment, compared with the traditional ORB-SLAM2 algorithm, the accuracy of map construction in a dynamic environment is significantly improved. The absolute trajectory error is reduced by 97.7% compared with ORB-SLAM2, and the relative position error is reduced by 59.7% compared with ORB-SLAM2. Compared with DynaSLAM for dynamic scenes of the same type, the accuracy of map construction is slightly improved, but the maximum increase in keyframe processing time is 94.7%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The star sensor is the most accurate measurement instrument in the spacecraft attitude measurement system, and the accurate centroid of the star point is the basis for ensuring the performance of the star sensor. Currently, the centroid of the gray method is the most widely used centroid extraction method in practice. Systematic errors caused by the centroid of the gray method and random noise in the detector imaging process are the main factors contributing to the deviation of the star centroiding coordinates. Considering the relationship between the point spread function and the pixel gray value, this paper proposes a centroiding method to reduce the star point centroiding error by fusing a priori information and energy distribution. The star charts are first preprocessed using a curvature filter and Gaussian blur to reduce the random noise. Then the complexity of the point spread function is considered, and the pixel gray values are corrected based on a priori information and gray value fuzzy processing. Finally, the symmetry of the one-dimensional energy distribution is used to quickly determine the sub-pixel deviation to get the star centroid coordinates. Through simulation and physical simulation experiments, the method was verified to be effective, and the extraction accuracy met the requirements of high-precision star sensors. The night sky observation test results demonstrate that the method in this paper can improve the measurement accuracy of the star sensors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper argues that 'dirty hands' (DH) scenarios, where an agent is forced to do wrong in order to do right, are conceptually coherent. The charge of incoherence is a widespread and common criticism made by deontologists and consequentialists alike. They argue that DH theorists erroneously assume the existence of real moral dilemmas and then compound this error by claiming that it is possible to engage in justified moral wrongdoing. However, such critics argue that there are only prima facie moral dilemmas and hence it is not only irrational and obtuse to argue for DH scenarios, but also undermines our search for sound moral judgments in very difficult situations. Given the gravity of these charges, surprisingly little has been written in defence of DH as a coherent and necessary part of our moral vocabulary. If there can be no successful defence of the possibility of DH, then all talk of such scenarios become futile. This paper responds to two influential and what initially appear to be strongly plausible arguments used by critics of DH. I call these the 'Arguments from Deontic Logic' and the 'All-Things-Considered Argument'. I present three responses which seek to raise serious doubts about their efficacy. I then support the possibility of DH by exploring what we can learn about our moral reality from the moral emotion of 'tragic remorse'. This approach endorses the role of emotions in determining moral knowledge. It also rejects the view that ethical theories ought to dismiss DH experiences as incoherent in favour of questionable theoretical a priori assumptions, which seek a reductionist account of our moral reality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, the contributions to the account of meta-induction (Schurz 2019) collected in this volume are critically discussed and thereby, new insights are developed. How broad and expandable the program of meta-induction is can be learned from Ortner's contribution. New insights about the transition from the a priori justification of meta-induction to the a posteriori justification of object-induction emerge from the reflection of Shogenji's paper. How meta-induction may be applied also to religious prophecies and that their meta-inductive justification does not fail for a priori reasons but because of missing evidence for predictive success is learned from the discussion of Pitts' contribution. That meta-induction does not rely on a particular prior distribution, while the no free lunch theorem depends implicitly on a uniform prior, is the major conclusion drawn from the discussion of Wolpert's article. How the problem of induction is treated in different versions of the Bayesian account is learned from the discussion of Willliamson's paper. That meta-induction can also be employed for abduction, and that abductive theory-revision can offer meta-inductive aggregation methods is a new insight emerging from the reflection of Aliseda's contribution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the continuous development of virtual reality, digital image applications, the required complex scene video proliferates. For this reason, portrait matting has become a popular topic. In this paper, a new matting algorithm with improved portrait details for images with complex backgrounds (MORLIPO) is proposed. This work combines the background restoration module (BRM) and the fine-grained matting module (FGMatting) to achieve high-detail matting for images with complex backgrounds. We recover the background by inputting a single image or video, which serves as a priori and aids in generating a more accurate alpha matte. The main framework uses the image matting model MODNet, the MobileNetV2 lightweight network, and the background restoration module, which can both preserve the background information of the current image and provide a more accurate prediction of the alpha matte of the current frame for the video image. It also provides the background prior of the previous frame to predict the alpha matte of the current frame more accurately. The fine-grained matting module is designed to extract fine-grained details of the foreground and retain the features, while combining with the semantic module to achieve more accurate matting. Our design allows training on a single NVIDIA 3090 GPU in an end-to-end manner and experiments on publicly available data sets. Experimental validation shows that our method performs well on both visual effects and objective evaluation metrics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Digitalisation and computation presents us with a vague empirical world that unsettles established links between measurements and values. As more and more actors use digital media to produce data about aspects of the world they deem important, new possibilities for inscribing their lives emerge. The practical work with digital methods thus often involves the production of social visibilities that are misfits in the context of established data practices. In this paper I argue that this dissonance carries the distinct critical potential to design data experiments that (a) uses the act of operationalisation as an engine for creating intersubjective clarity about the meaning of existing concepts and (b) takes advantage of algorithmic techniques to provoke a reassessment of some of the core assumptions that shape the way we pose empirical problems are normally framed. Drawing on the work of Kant, Peirce, Dewey and C.I. Lewis I propose to think of this critical potential as the possibility to practice what I term 'experimental a priori' and I use qualitative vignettes from two years of data experiments with GEHL architects to illustrate what this entails in practice. Faced with the task of using traces from Facebook as an empirical source to produce a map of urban political diversity, the architects found themselves in a need to revisit inherited assumptions about the ontology of urban space and the way it can even be formulated as a problem of diversity. While I describe this as a form of obstructive data practice that is afforded by digital methods, I also argue that it cannot be realised without deliberate design interventions. I therefore end the paper by outlining five design principles that can productively guide collective work with digital methods. These principles contribute to recent work within digital STS on the recalibration of problem spaces and the design of data sprints. However, the concept of 'experimental a priori' can also serve as a philosophical foundation for knowledge production within computational humanities more broadly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Guaranteed lower Dirichlet eigenvalue bounds (GLB) can be computed for the m-th Laplace operator with a recently introduced extra-stabilized nonconforming Crouzeix–Raviart ( m = 1 ) or Morley ( m = 2 ) finite element eigensolver. Striking numerical evidence for the superiority of a new adaptive eigensolver motivates the convergence analysis in this paper with a proof of optimal convergence rates of the GLB towards a simple eigenvalue. The proof is based on (a generalization of) known abstract arguments entitled as the axioms of adaptivity. Beyond the known a priori convergence rates, a medius analysis is enfolded in this paper for the proof of best-approximation results. This and subordinated L 2 error estimates for locally refined triangulations appear of independent interest. The analysis of optimal convergence rates of an adaptive mesh-refining algorithm is performed in 3D and highlights a new version of discrete reliability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper argues that no form of meaningful development can be discussed without an incursion into the realm of consciousness, from which ideas emanate. This paper demonstrates that human civilization is driven by notions such as ideas, imaginations, concepts, plans, and projects which are germane to social development. An examination of Kant’s theory of concept formation reveals that though objects are given to us by means of sensibility, it is through the understanding that concepts arise. The mind therefore becomes the ‘breeding’ ground from which our ideas are generated and organized. In Kant’s analysis of the faculty of understanding, he noted that there are a priori pure intuitions and sets of categories such as Quality, Relation, Modality that organize particular sensations into unified objects of experience. This capacity of the mind enables it to produce or generate ideas within its own operations. Ideas generated are used to recreate our world. This paper provides a conceptual framework to explicate the foundation of development. Using the method of analysis, this essay concludes that the basis of development – social, economic, and cultural – is hinged on the nature and role of the mind. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is concerned with nonlocal fractional p-Laplacian Schrödinger–Hardy-type equations involving concave–convex nonlinearities. The first aim is to demonstrate the L ∞ -bound for any possible weak solution to our problem. As far as we know, the global a priori bound for weak solutions to nonlinear elliptic problems involving a singular nonlinear term such as Hardy potentials has not been studied extensively. To overcome this, we utilize a truncated energy technique and the De Giorgi iteration method. As its application, we demonstrate that the problem above has at least two distinct nontrivial solutions by exploiting a variant of Ekeland's variational principle and the classical mountain pass theorem as the key tools. Furthermore, we prove the existence of a sequence of infinitely many weak solutions that converges to zero in the L ∞ -norm. To derive this result, we employ the modified functional method and the dual fountain theorem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we consider a fractional Nernst-Planck-Poisson-Navier-Stokes system in ℝ³. First, we obtain a priori estimates by using energy estimates. Then, we construct an iterative solution sequence by solving the approximate problem and obtaining the local existence and uniqueness of the classical solution. Finally, combining the local existence with a priori estimates, the global existence and uniqueness of the classical solution with small initial data are obtained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents new results to fractional boundary value problems of the Caputo type with focal boundary conditions. This fractional derivative is used extensively in modelling real world applications. The main aim of this paper is to present results for the existence of solutions to ensure the usefulness in the context of modelling and providing a priori bounds on all possible solutions subject to a single versatile differential inequality. These results vastly expand the scope of problems which are applicable since it allows the fractional differential equation to have unrestricted growth and be nonlinear. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to further the scholarly discussion of information experience as an object of study, including how this research area fits into library and information studies more broadly. Design/methodology/approach: A conceptual discussion of certain issues raised in Yu and Liu's recent paper in this journal. Findings: While Yu and Liu seem to suggest that only a priori information experience research belong in library and information science (LIS), this paper suggests that a priori and a posteriori research have a synergistic relationship and both have a home in LIS. Originality/value: This paper clarifies how the two conceptualizations of information experience as an object of study relate to each other, as well as how these relate to information experience as a research approach, and how all this fits within the metadisciplinary field of LIS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Motivated to bypass the twin basins of absolute relativism and dogmatic absolutism, an antinomic polarity into which thought tendentially falls, this paper offers various conceptual frameworks for overcoming antinomies in philosophical thought, and ultimately asserts that this overcoming occurs at a philosophical system's purported source: its active site of real genesis. The author traces a constellation of thinkers who all invoke this suspended thirdness in their own disciplinary and conceptual registers, from Jean Cavaillès to Gilles Châtelet, C.S. Peirce to Cécile Malaspina, ultimately and speculatively suggesting that this third space, the (abductive) hinge of real genesis, might precede and activate a priori the consequent diremptions into the polarities of the transcendental and the historical, the mathematical and the physical, the global and the local, the continuous and the discrete, the rational and the empirical, and so on. Such a genetic realism, then, places a radical exigency on philosophical thinking: to grasp its real genetic conditions, that is, without a previously given criterion or method. Ultimately, the paper is most interested in suggesting ways to reconfigure the conceptual landscape around this genetic tension or originating hinge, to encourage thought towards the genetic real and away from disciplinary stagnation, towards generative models for systematic thought itself. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the complexity and variability of data structures and dimensions, traditional clustering algorithms face various challenges. The integration of network science and clustering has become a popular field of exploration. One of the main challenges is how to handle large-scale and complex high-dimensional data effectively. Hypergraphs can accurately represent multidimensional heterogeneous data, making them important for improving clustering performance. In this paper, we propose a hypergraph-clustering method dubbed the "high-dimensional data clustering method" based on hypergraph partitioning using an improved Apriori algorithm (HDHPA). First, the method constructs a hypergraph based on the improved Apriori association rule algorithm, where frequent itemsets existing in high-dimensional data are treated as hyperedges. Then, different frequent itemsets are mined in parallel to obtain hyperedges with corresponding ranks, avoiding the generation of redundant rules and improving mining efficiency. Next, we use the dense subgraph partition (DSP) algorithm to divide the hypergraph into multiple subclusters. Finally, we merge the subclusters through dense sub-hypergraphs to obtain the clustering results. The advantage of this method lies in its use of the hypergraph model to discretize the association between data in space, which further enhances the effectiveness and accuracy of clustering. We comprehensively compare the proposed HDHPA method with several advanced hypergraph-clustering methods using seven different types of high-dimensional datasets and then compare their running times. The results show that the clustering evaluation index values of the HDHPA method are generally superior to all other methods. The maximum ARI value can reach 0.834, an increase of 42%, and the average running time is lower than other methods. All in all, HDHPA exhibits an excellent comparable performance on multiple real networks. The research results of this paper provide an effective solution for processing and analyzing large-scale network datasets and are also conducive to broadening the application range of clustering techniques. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper defends a constructive interpretation of the Critique of Pure Reason, which is built in analogy with an experimental construction that Kant believes to characteristic of chemistry. I also argue for a way to reconcile the methodological perspective of the constructivist method with that of transcendental reflection. I therefore provide a constructive explanation for what Kant describes as being pure reason and the argument of the transcendental deduction. I propose to frame the different perspectives in such a way that the experimental construction is the ratio cognoscendi of pure reason, while pure reason is the ratio essendi of the experimental construction. O'Neill (1989, 2015) is one of the most important scholars that have argued for a constructivist reading of the Critique of pure reason (CPR). In this paper I develop and explore new aspects of this line of interpretation. One of the main criticisms raised against constructivist readings of Kant's philosophy is an alleged commitment to subjectivism or voluntarism (cf. Kleingeld & Willaschek 2019). This concern led some scholars to rename their position as constitutivist instead (Korsgaard 2009; Sensen 2013, 2017; Formosa 2011). Constitutivism, is intended to be a sort of constructivism capable of avoiding voluntarism. However, it becomes difficult, sometimes, to differentiate between the constitutivist and foundationalist positions, which are based on transcendental reflection and imply a sort of realist perspective on reason. The same preoccupation applies to the constructivist interpretation of the CPR. In order to deal with this issue, the following questions must be addressed: how can constructivism justify the necessity and universality of transcendental principles of pure reason without compromising the normative and procedural aspects of the construction? How to reconcile arguments based on the analysis of representations and faculties with a constructivist procedure? Or even, how may transcendental reflection, as a view of the possibility of a priori cognition, be rendered compatible with a constructive procedure? This paper is divided into three sections, followed by brief final remarks. The first section outlines the main characteristics of constructivism and relates them to Kant's positions about the nature of philosophy and its method. The second part argues for a type of experimental constructivism that might serve as a guiding analogy to understand the method underlying the CPR. Thirdly, I will show how the transcendental subject and pure reason are derived from this experimental construction. The conclusion briefly points out some advantages of this position. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The higher-order guaranteed lower eigenvalue bounds of the Laplacian in the recent work by Carstensen et al. (Numer Math 149(2):273–304, 2021) require a parameter C st , 1 that is found not robust as the polynomial degree p increases. This is related to the H 1 stability bound of the L 2 projection onto polynomials of degree at most p and its growth C st, 1 ∝ (p + 1) 1 / 2 as p → ∞ . A similar estimate for the Galerkin projection holds with a p-robust constant C st , 2 and C st , 2 ≤ 2 for right-isosceles triangles. This paper utilizes the new inequality with the constant C st , 2 to design a modified hybrid high-order eigensolver that directly computes guaranteed lower eigenvalue bounds under the idealized hypothesis of exact solve of the generalized algebraic eigenvalue problem and a mild explicit condition on the maximal mesh-size in the simplicial mesh. A key advance is a p-robust parameter selection. The analysis of the new method with a different fine-tuned volume stabilization allows for a priori quasi-best approximation and improved L 2 error estimates as well as a stabilization-free reliable and efficient a posteriori error control. The associated adaptive mesh-refining algorithm performs superior in computer benchmarks with striking numerical evidence for optimal higher empirical convergence rates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, a high-accuracy conservative implicit algorithm for computing the space fractional coupled Schrödinger–Boussinesq system is constructed. Meanwhile, the conservative nature, a priori boundedness, and solvability of the numerical solution are presented. Then, the proposed algorithm is proved to be second-order convergence in temporal and fourth-order spatial convergence using the discrete energy method. Finally, some numerical experiments validate the effectiveness of the conservative algorithm and confirm the accuracy of the theoretical results for different choices of the fractional-order α. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Convolutional neural network based methods have been proposed to address blind deblurring. Aiming at the difficulty of reconstructing high-frequency features of images with existing network models, this paper proposes a two-stage convolution-based encoder-decoder for fusing high-frequency a prior. In the first stage, both blurred and high-frequency images are input, and the image features extracted by the network and the high-frequency features are fused. In the second stage, the fused features are further refined and recovered as potentially clear images, and the reconstruction ability of the model for high-frequency features is enhanced. In addition, this paper proposes a deep feature reorganization module that integrates multi-layer semantic information in the encoder-decoder and targets the encoder semantics to further enhance the feature characterization capability of the model. Comprehensive experimental results show that our method achieves 0.9085 structural similarity index (SSIM) and 30.66db peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) on the GoPro dataset. Meanwhile, our method achieves 0.8514 SSIM and 27.39db PSNR on the Lai dataset. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper investigates a novel C 0 nonconforming virtual element method (VEM) for solving the Kirchhoff plate obstacle problem, which is described by a fourth-order variational inequality (VI) of the first kind. In our study, we distinguish our approach by introducing new internal degrees of freedom to the traditional lowest-order C 0 nonconforming VEM, which originally lacked such degrees. This addition not only facilitates error estimation but also enhances its intuitiveness. Importantly, our novel C 0 nonconforming VEM naturally satisfies the constraints of the obstacle problem. We then establish an a priori error estimate for our novel C 0 nonconforming VEM, with the result indicating that the lowest order of our method achieves optimal convergence. Finally, we present a numerical example to validate the theoretical result. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Studies in Hispanic & Lusophone Linguistics is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Few-shot classification is one of the most daunting challenges in deep learning. The complexities of this task arise from the fact that category targets are often embedded within intricate and diverse background pixels, resulting in inconspicuous category features. Moreover, obtaining common category characteristics from a limited number of samples is difficult. Compounding the issue, models encounters categories that they have never seen before, rendering the prior guarantee of interclass variance infeasible. To address these dilemmas, this paper leverages the apriori conditioned information of few-shot tasks and introduces a Conditioned Feature Reconstruction Network (CFRN). The CFRN employs prototype reconstruction to minimize the prototype similarity among different classes and query reconstruction to maximize the similarity of (query, prototype) feature pairs. This approach increases the interclass variance while decreasing the intraclass variance, thereby enhancing separability and improving the saliency of the target features. An experimental validation demonstrates the effectiveness of the CFRN, which obtains state-of-the-art results on the mini-ImageNet, tiered-ImageNet, and CUB datasets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research explores the pos tag sequences that shape the transition from upper intermediate (B2 cefr) to near-native proficiency (C2 cefr) in a corpus of essays (n=32,410) from the Cambridge Learner Corpus. Gilquin (2018) and others have shown that pos tag sequences offer a holistic approach to extracting the most commonly used patterns without a starting point of an a priori set of words and word sequences. Using corpus linguistics informed by usage-based theories of language learning, this paper examines the frequency and distribution of 4-slot pos-tag sequences in L2 English writing, drawing on the taxonomy of pattern grammar (Francis et al., 1996, 1998; and Hunston and Francis, 2000). Findings point to the presence of both core and emergent pos-tag sequences in learner language in the two proficiency levels analysed. These sequences point to the presence of dynamic language restructuring processes as learners become more proficient and re-evaluate their understanding of frequency and distribution in English. This paper shows evidence of how language competence increases with proficiency. The research offers new evidence in our understanding of the development of L2 writing in efl contexts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Waveform engineering is an important topic in imaging and detection systems. Waveform design for the optimal Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) under energy and duration constraints can be modelled as an eigenproblem of a Fredholm integral equation of the second kind. SNR gains can be achieved using this approach. However, calculating the waveform for optimal SNR requires precise knowledge of the functional form of the absorber, as well as solving a Fredholm integral eigenproblem which can be difficult. In this paper, we address both those difficulties by proposing a Fourier series expansion method to convert the integral eigenproblem to a small matrix eigenproblem which is both easy to compute and gives a heuristic view of the effects of different absorber kernels on the eigenproblem. Another important result of this paper is to provide an alternate waveform, the Discrete Prolate Spheroidal Sequences (DPSS), as the input waveform to obtain near optimal SNR that does not require the exact form of the absorber to be known apriori. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The lowest-order nonconforming virtual element extends the Morley triangular element to polygons for the approximation of the weak solution u ∊ V := H2 0 (\Omega) to the biharmonic equation. The abstract framework allows (even a mixture of) two examples of the local discrete spaces Vh(P) and a smoother allows rough source terms F ∊ V* =H-20(Ω). The a priori and a posteriori error analysis in this paper circumvents any trace of second derivatives by some computable conforming companion operator J: Vh → V from the nonconforming virtual element space Vh. The operator J is a right-inverse of the interpolation operator and leads to optimal error estimates in piecewise Sobolev norms without any additional regularity assumptions on u ∊ V. As a smoother the companion operator modifies the discrete right-hand side and then allows a quasi-best approximation. An explicit residual-based a posteriori error estimator is reliable and efficient up to data oscillations. Numerical examples display the predicted empirical convergence rates for uniform and optimal convergence rates for adaptive mesh-refinement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The chemist Jeremias Benjamin Richter (1762–1807) coined the term "stoichiometry" and proposed the "law of definite proportions." He is also commonly acknowledged as having been a student of Immanuel Kant (1724–1804). This paper demonstrates how Kant's philosophy positively shaped Richter's approach to chemistry in the Anfangsgründe der Stöchiometrie (1792–1794) and outlines two ways in which Richter attempted to represent the chemical force in "pure intuition": (1) "reductionistic forces," in which qualitative features scale with the quantity of matter; and (2) generalized "abstracted forces," in which a plurality of dissolution- and bonding-properties are latent within the chemical in the manifold of space-time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is concerned with identification of a spatial source function from final time observation in a bi-parabolic equation, where the full source function is assumed to be a product of time dependent and a space dependent function. Due to the ill-posedness of the problem, recently some authors have employed different regularization method and analysed the convergence rates. But, to the best of our knowledge, the quasi-reversibility method is not explored yet, and thus we study that in this paper. As an important implication, the Hölder rates for the apriori and aposteriori error estimates obtained in this paper improve upon the rates obtained in earlier works. Also, in some cases we show that the rates obtained are of optimal order. Further, this work seems to be the first one that has broaden the applicability of the problem by allowing the time dependent component of the source function to change sign. To the best of our knowledge, the earlier known work assumed the fixed sign of the time dependent component by assuming some bounded below condition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper a two grid algorithm for quasilinear elliptic problem based on virtual element method (VEM) discretization is proposed. With this new algorithm the solution of a quasilinear elliptic problem on a fine grid is reduced to the solution of a quasilinear elliptic problem on a much coarser grid, and the solution of a linear system on the fine grid. A priori error estimate in H1 norm is derived. Numerical experiments are carried out to illustrate the theoretical findings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We present a priori estimates and unique solvability results in the mixed-norm Lebesgue spaces for the kinetic Kolmogorov-Fokker-Planck (KFP) equation in divergence form. The leading coefficients are bounded uniformly nondegenerate with respect to the velocity variable v and satisfy a vanishing mean oscillation (VMO) type condition. We consider the L2 case separately and treat more general equations, which include the relativistic KFP equation. This paper is a continuation of our previous work on Lp estimates for KFP equations in nondivergence form. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Peirce and Dewey were generally more concerned with the process of scientific activity than purely mathematical work. However, their accounts of knowledge production afford some insights into the epistemology of mathematical postulates, especially definition and axioms. Their rejection of rationalist metaphysics and their emphasis on continuity in inquiry provides the pretext for the pragmatic a priori - hypothetical and operational assumptions whose justification relies on their fruitfulness in the long run. This paper focuses on the application of this idea to the epistemology of definitions and an account of progress in mathematics, although it has broader implications for the study of conceptual change and the function and basis of presuppositions in the sciences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of Kripke's innovations concerning the philosophy of language is the doctrine that the truth of some metaphysically necessary propositions is only known a posteriori. The typical example he gives is the identity statement consists of two different proper names that refer to the same referent, like "Hesperus = Phosphorus". By metaphysically necessary he means that the proposition is true in all possible worlds and by a posteriori knowledge he means that its truth is known by experiment or investigation. Some philosophers have given arguments against Kripke's doctrine and claimed that such propositions can, also, be known a priori. In this paper, I will defend Kripke's view by showing that his approach to the issue is linguistic not metaphysical, opposite to his critics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Runa: Archivo para las Ciencias del Hombre is the property of Runa: Archivo para las Ciencias del Hombre and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Filosofía UIS is the property of Universidad Industrial de Santander and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In this paper, we provide some results pertaining to asymptotic behaviour as ε → 0 of the finite-energy sequences of the one-dimensional Cahn-Hilliard functional ... where u ∊ H1(0, 1), and where W is a multi-well potential endowed with a non-standard integrability condition. We introduce a new class of finite-energy sequences, recover its underlying geometric properties as ε → 0, and obtain the related a priori estimates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the present paper, we prove the a priori bounds and existence of smooth solutions to a Minkowski type problem for the log-concave measure e − f (| x | 2) d x in warped product space forms with zero sectional curvature. Our proof is based on the method of continuity. The crucial factor of the analysis is the a priori bounds of an auxiliary Monge-Ampère equation on S n . The main result of the present paper extends the Minkowski type problem of log-concave measures to the space forms and it may be an attempt to get some new analysis for the log-concave measures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The New Confucian philosopher Mou Zongsan once compared the ethics of Mengzi to that of Kant, claiming that Mengzi's ethics shares the same fundamental features with Kant's and can therefore be better understood through a Kantian lens. This paper aims to argue against Mou by elaborating on two important but hitherto insufficiently addressed differences between Kant's and Mengzi's ethics. First, the paper shows that, as opposed to what Mou suggests, passages 6A1 to 6A3 of the Mengzi demonstrate Mengzi's adoption of an a posteriori approach to ethics that stands in direct contrast to Kant's a priori approach. Second, the paper argues that even if we read Kant's ethics in a non-rigorous way that works in favor of Mou's interpretation, ren (humaneness), yi (optimal appropriateness), li (observance of rites), and zhi (wisdom), as the core concepts of Mengzi's ethics, can still hardly be regarded as Kantian moral laws. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to shed light on the characteristics of Heidegger's later thinking on language, which we can illuminate by examining his interpretation of Hölderlin's poetry. Poetic language differs from everyday language, such as statements (Aussagen). It speaks of imageless thinking. With the help of a priori understanding of its beingness (Seiendheit), we routinely state a being (Seiende) as something. However, the appearing of a being or an appearing being cannot be determined through a statement of "S is p." An appearing being indeed does exist; however, it disappears once the beingness of a being is given. Hölderlin's "The Rhine" is a poem that says the appearing of a being. In this regard, the poem is a language of the ineffable, which cannot be said in ordinary language. Therefore, the interpretation of Hölderlin's poetry presented by Heidegger is an elucidation of a language of the ineffable. It is the task of this paper to uncover this fact. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We study the stabilization and the wellposedness of solutions of the wave equation with subcritical semilinearities and locally distributed nonlinear dissipation. The novelty of this paper is that we deal with the difficulty that the main equation does not have good nonlinear structure amenable to a direct proof of a priori bounds and a desirable observability inequality. It is well known that observability inequalities play a critical role in characterizing the long time behaviour of solutions of evolution equations, which is the main goal of this study. In order to address this, we truncate the nonlinearities, and thereby construct approximate solutions for which it is possible to obtain a priori bounds and prove the essential observability inequality. The treatment of these approximate solutions is still a challenging task and requires the use of Strichartz estimates and some microlocal analysis tools such as microlocal defect measures. We include an appendix on the latter topic here to make the article self contained and supplement details to proofs of some of the theorems which can be already be found in the lecture notes of Burq and Gérard (http://www.math.u-psud.fr/~burq/articles/coursX.pdf, 2001). Once we establish essential observability properties for the approximate solutions, it is not difficult to prove that the solution of the original problem also possesses a similar feature via a delicate passage to limit. In the last part of the paper, we establish various decay rate estimates for different growth conditions on the nonlinear dissipative effect. We in particular generalize the known results on the subject to a considerably larger class of dissipative effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we study the full parabolic attraction–repulsion Keller–Segel model with a fractional diffusion in ℝn$$ {\mathbb{R}}^n $$ for n=2$$ n=2 $$ or 3. We are more interested in the question that whether the solutions exist globally or blow up in finite time, which was studied in the classical attraction‐repulsion Keller‐Segel model by Jin and Wang (J. Differential Equations, 2016) through constructing a suitable energy functional. However, for the fractional attraction–repulsion Keller–Segel model, it is challenging to find a similar energy functional to study the existence of the solutions. In the present paper, under the condition of ξγ=χα$$ \xi \gamma =\chi \alpha $$, we introduce the Lp$$ {L}_p $$‐ Lq$$ {L}_q $$ estimates of the fractional derivative modulus of the solution to carry out the first step of the problem. Armed with a priori estimate, it is sufficient for us to obtain the global existence of the solutions by the Moser–Alikakos iterative method and finally arrive at the decay estimates of the solutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In Wittgenstein's manuscripts dating from 1929 and 1930, there are a number of entries on the notion of probability. In this paper, I explore Wittgenstein's manuscripts between October 1929 and March 1930 and demonstrate, first, that Wittgenstein completely rejects the assumption that probability statements are based on an a priori principle. Second, I argue that the standard interpretation, which claims that Wittgenstein adopts an 'epistemological view' of probability, significantly understates the importance of Wittgenstein's development of the notion of hypotheses as a philosophical term of art. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper will make the case that we can find in Kant's Second Analogy a substantive response to Hume's argument on induction. This response is substantive insofar as it does not merely consist in independently arguing for the opposite conclusion, but rather, it identifies and exploits a gap in this argument. More specifically, Hume misses the possibility of justifying the uniformity of nature as a synthetic a priori proposition, which Kant looks to establish in the Second Analogy. Note that the focus on the paper is on Kant's identification of the form that a solution to Hume's inductive scepticism must take. In making this point, my paper will look to establish two lemmas: (1) Kant identifies synthetic a priori judgments as a means of justifying metaphysical knowledge in a way that circumvents Hume's dichotomy between matters of fact and relations of ideas; (2) the Second Analogy looks to establish the uniformity of nature of as a synthetic a priori proposition. However, my paper generally abstains from the question of the tenability of Kant's argument in the Second Analogy. Doing justice to this latter discussion would require more space than I am able to offer here. My paper therefore has a conditional bearing on the philosophical issue of inductive scepticism. If one believes Kant's Second Analogy to be philosophically cogent, then Kant offers a successful justification of induction against Hume's scepticism. If not, then at least one can still admire Kant's identification of the gap in Hume's argument, which, to a degree, can be exploited independently of Kant's system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

At the turn of the twentieth century, Helm and Ostwald were the most prominent supporters of so-called 'energetics', which aimed to unify all physics by employing the sole concept of energy, without relying on mechanical models. This paper argues that Cassirer's interest in the history of the energy principle and the energetic controversy is entangled with the main themes of his philosophy of physics up to the 1920s: the opposition between the a priori and the a posteriori and the substance-concept and the function-concept. These interwoven motifs are not always easy to disentangle. The paper suggests that Cassirer's interpretation of the energy principle can serve as a guiding thread that runs through Cassirer's philosophy of physics up to the 1920s. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the 1787 Transcendental Deduction of the Categories Kant indicates the only possible ways by which one can account for a necessary agreement of experience with the concepts of its objects (B166), using analogies between modes of explanation and biological theories about the origin of life. He endorses epigenesis as a model for his system of pure reason (B167). This paper examines various interpretive claims about the meaning of this theory of generation and its significance for Kant's philosophy (Section 1), showing that, after his Critical shift in perspective, in 1775/77 Kant already combined preformed elements and their purposively oriented formation by natural forces (Section 2). Contrary to the standard view, Kant's theory of race appears to constitute the background to assess Blumenbach's later (1799/1781) shift to epigenesis after supporting Haller's preformism (Section 3). In Section 4, I argue that the ground of affinity between epigenesis and formal idealism rests in tracing the first origin of these conformities: external a posteriori climate conditions and predisposed germs and dispositions within the generative power of the human body; and external a posteriori experience and spontaneous a priori concepts of its objects, within pure sensory intuiting and pure thinking. In both cases the external empirical conditions would function as occasioning propelling factors affecting internal pre-established forms of generation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper we study the convergence rate of a finite volume approximation of the compressible Navier–Stokes–Fourier system. To this end we first show the local existence of a regular unique strong solution and analyse its global extension in time as far as the density and temperature remain bounded. We make a physically reasonable assumption that the numerical density and temperature are uniformly bounded from above and below. The relative energy provides us an elegant way to derive a priori error estimates between finite volume solutions and the strong solution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is devoted to the analysis of an energy-stable discontinuous Galerkin algorithm for solving the Cahn-Hilliard-Navier-Stokes equations within a decoupled splitting framework. We show that the proposed scheme is uniquely solvable and mass conservative. The energy dissipation and the L∞ stability of the order parameter are obtained under a CFL-like constraint. Optimal a priori error estimates in the broken gradient norm and in the L² norm are derived. The stability proofs and error analysis are based on induction arguments and do not require any regularization of the potential function. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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One of the interesting types of spatio-temporal patterns is the Mixed-Drove Co-occurrence Pattern (MDCOP), which represents types of objects frequently located together in both space and time. To discover such patterns, methods based on the well-known Apriori strategy are widely used. They involve determining multi-element MDCOPs by building them up iteratively starting with the two-element patterns and then successively adding another element in each iteration. This approach can be very costly, particularly when the data is dense enough to form patterns of significant size. In this paper, we introduce a definition of a new pattern type called a Maximal Mixed-Drove Co-occurrence Pattern. We also propose a new algorithm MAXMDCOP-Miner, which resigns from popular Apriori strategy of generating candidates and, therefore, can discover long pattern without processing all their subsets. Experiments performed on synthetic and real datasets show that MAXMDCOP-Miner has high performance, in particular for dense datasets or tasks with low user-defined thresholds of spatial or time prevalence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We consider the Neumann-type problem of the heat equation in a moving thin domain around a given closed moving hypersurface. The main result of this paper is an error estimate in the sup-norm for classical solutions to the thin domain problem and a limit equation on the moving hypersurface which appears in the thin-film limit of the heat equation. To prove the error estimate, we show a uniform a priori estimate for a classical solution to the thin domain problem based on the maximum principle. Moreover, we construct a suitable approximate solution to the thin domain problem from a classical solution to the limit equation based on an asymptotic expansion of the thin domain problem and apply the uniform a priori estimate to the difference of the approximate solution and a classical solution to the thin domain problem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we investigate a two-species predator-prey system with a free boundary. The a priori estimates of the H¨older norms are established. On the basis of these estimates, the global existence and uniqueness of the solution are proved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The exploration of some dangerous or important small-scale magnetic objects requires accurate three-dimensional inversion results. In this paper, a three-dimensional inversion method for small-scale magnetic objects is proposed. Normalized magnetic source strength, which is weakly sensitive to the magnetization direction, is used for inversion, which avoids the influence of the remanence of magnetic objects. The planted inversion method is improved to make the inversion results more similar to the real results; normalized magnetic source strength is used to estimate the center position of the magnetic objects, which provides a priori information for the inversion; the weighting function is added in the inversion process to improve the inversion accuracy. The simulation and experimental results show that the method is not affected by the remanence, and effectively reduces the interference of non-target field sources. The obtained inversion results have higher accuracy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]