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The figure of Christopher Columbus was a key trope in the programming for the BBC's Latin American Service (LAS) and West Indian Service during the Second World War. This paper analyzes four dramas and one feature program from the 1940s that not only dramatize events from Columbus's life but also reflect the contemporary broadcast context by promoting British war interests and showcasing Latin American and Caribbean histories and geographies. These commemorative programs are broadly hagiographic, but they also reveal the BBC's awareness of how Latin American and West Indian audiences might variously respond to portrayals of Columbus and European colonization. Using radiogenic strategies including immersive aurality, the interplay of different historical narratives, and multivocality, these programs reveal the relationships between the BBC's institutional aims in overseas broadcasting and Latin American and West Indian program creators' literary and political goals. The portrayals of Columbus in the 1940s served an allegorical and ultimately propagandistic purpose, demonstrating the role of faith and perseverance amid turbulence and conflict, and inducing, by analogy, sympathy for Britain's war effort. The authors commissioned to write, produce, and deliver these dramas were not simply responding to propaganda guidelines; they were responding to the demands of the corporation and the war effort while also pursuing their own commitments and literary ambition. Ultimately, the scripts produced by the BBC for broadcast to the Americas reveal Columbus and his voyages as polysemic symbols of the regions' relationship to their past and their relationships to Europe in the twentieth century. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

"The Great Famine in Ireland and Britain's Financial Crisis" by Charles Read and "Dublin and the Great Irish Famine" edited by Emily Mark-Fitzgerald, Ciarán McCabe, and Ciarán Reilly are two books that explore the Great Famine in Ireland. The Famine, also known as An Gorta Mór or the Irish potato famine, occurred between 1845 and the early 1850s and resulted in the loss of around two million lives and a significant decline in Ireland's population. The books examine the economic and political factors that contributed to the Famine, including the British government's response and the impact on Dublin. They also discuss the cultural memory and legacy of the Famine. These books provide valuable insights into this devastating event and its lasting effects on Ireland. [Extracted from the article]

The first edition of the Daily Mail on May 4, 1896, included an advertisement for the "latest scientific marvel," the Lumiere Cinematograph. While historians have acknowledged the concurrent rise of film and the popular press, this article explores the varied and often-innovative ways in which British newspapers produced film and visual media. From the use of Daily Mail screens to relay election results, to the production and promotion of the newspaper's own film in 1910, these early interactions allow us to understand better the emergence, evolution, and endurance of Britain's modern media system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

"State Surveillance, Political Policing and Counter-Terrorism in Britain, 1880–1914" by Vlad Solomon is a comprehensive study of high policing in Britain during the late Victorian, Edwardian, and pre-First World War periods. The book examines how the British state dealt with threats from Fenian bombing campaigns, working-class strikers, continental anarchists, and militant suffragettes. Solomon analyzes official records, newspapers, memoirs, and other sources to provide a detailed account of the violent acts and the actions of the police. The book also explores the personal intrigues and rivalries that shaped the development of surveillance organizations like the Special Branch and MI5. Solomon argues that the lack of cooperation with continental police forces and the expansion of extra-legal policing were influenced by British exceptionalism and political factors. However, the reviewer suggests that structural factors and social conditions may have played a role as well. The reviewer also questions the lumping together of working-class radicalism with violent campaigns and raises concerns about the language used to describe strikes in South Wales. Overall, the book offers valuable insights into the development of British policing during this period. [Extracted from the article]

English-architecture company law describes the distinct and diverse group of company or corporate law used in more than sixty jurisdictions worldwide. English-architecture company law provides a robust platform for innovation and development due to its permissive structure, opportunity for choice of law in an entity's internal governance, and scalability permitting variation for small and large entities. It is the dominant form among International Financial Centers (IFCs), many of which have legal systems with a British connection. This body of law responds to competition and maintains dynamism by engaging its practice community through "learning by doing" and "frictioneering." An architectural approach permits a broader review of developments in company law that more closely captures the reality of global law practice. The IFC experience of climbing the value chain from tax arbitrage to provide solutions for entities or structures left out in the corporate law of larger jurisdictions provides a useful global governance model to maintain normative, jurisprudential, and regulatory coherence even as it responds to more specialized and unanticipated needs. This Article explores what makes English-architecture company law so successful and how IFCs use it to compete in the global law market. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This systematic review of literature evaluates evidence about effective and inclusive care management strategies for learners with type 1 diabetes in UK primary schools. Approximately 29,000 children in the UK are currently living with special health care needs of type 1 diabetes (Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation, 2021a), and governing policies indicate an inconsistent approach to learner care, highlighting the need for improved school services. Findings included clear identification of key stakeholder roles, collaborative working, provision of adequate school staff training, enabling student self-management, and delivery of individual healthcare plans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Insofar as the field of Anthropocene studies would seem to invite (if not necessitate) large-scale or sweeping approaches like Reno's, Ross's I Charlotte Brontë at the Anthropocene i is counterintuitive inasmuch as it zooms in on the life and works of one Victorian woman. Exploring how "Charlotte Brontë wrote the Anthropocene at the scale of a lifetime", Ross demonstrates beautifully how the Anthropocene as ideational concept and material condition might be generatively evinced by and through small-scale, localized, materially situated methods of inquiry (5). Charlotte Brontë at the Anthropocene, by Shawna Ross; pp. vii + 326. [Extracted from the article]

Victorian Britons were interested in encounters between humans and fish for many reasons: fishing for sport as opposed to food gathering was expanding rapidly in popularity; fishing was practiced by many different people in many ways around the world; and fish populations were visibly suffering from pollution, overfishing, and terrain modification. This article analyzes the changing meanings of these encounters through addressing the beliefs about fish pain held by Victorian anglers. These beliefs were intertwined with ideas about race, food, civilization, and class. Elite British anglers increasingly understood their relationship with fish and their own capacity to feel pain (and to judge others' pain) as a justification of their place as the managers and stewards of all fisheries, not just those in Britain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

"The Emergence of Bicycling and Automobility in Britain" by Craig Horner explores the history of cycling and motoring in late nineteenth- and early twentieth-century Britain. Horner examines the pioneers who transitioned from cycling to becoming motorists and motor industry entrepreneurs, and documents how motorized vehicles began to gain popularity by 1905. The book highlights the challenges faced by these entrepreneurs, such as legal restrictions, inadequate road infrastructure, and societal hostility towards motorists. It also discusses the shift in the motoring industry after 1905, with the emergence of a new breed of upper- and middle-class consumers. Overall, the book offers a comprehensive analysis of the role of cycling and motoring in shaping British mobility during this period. [Extracted from the article]

And what is one to make of the writings of the painters themselves, which Burritt faithfully quotes, showing how much the biblical past dictated their understanding and anticipation of future Christian fulfilment in the land of Christ? These three painters traveled to and in the Holy Land: Roberts in 1838-39, Wilkie in 1840-41, and Hunt, four times, in 1854-55, 1869-72, 1876-78, and 1892. , by Amanda M. Burritt; pp. xxi + 239. [Extracted from the article]

In this evaluation of provincial Jewish communities, Levene challenges a prevailing view of industrialism: that it severed cherished family ties and replaced them with mere communities of circumstance. Jews in Nineteenth-Century Britain: Charity, Community and Religion, 1830-1880, by Alysa Levene; pp. vi + 248. In it, Levene examines maps, statistics, census data, and communal records to understand social, geographical, and transpatial notions of community among provincial Jews. [Extracted from the article]

"Beyond the Law": The Politics of Ending the Death Penalty for Sodomy in Britain by Charles Upchurch explores the history of the abolition of the death penalty for sodomy in Britain. Upchurch challenges the notion that the period between the eighteenth and late nineteenth centuries was a sparsely documented gray zone in queer history. He examines the political maneuvering and debates surrounding the decriminalization of sodomy in the 1830s, 1840s, and 1861, shedding light on the motivations of key politicians involved. Upchurch also explores the connections between influential thinkers, authors, and politicians in advocating for reform. While some of his connections are speculative, the book provides valuable insights into this neglected period of queer history. [Extracted from the article]

Workers, Unions and Payment in Kind: The Fight for Real Wages in Britain, 1820-1914 Finally, Frank explores the work of the factory inspectors, especially the women, many of whom saw themselves as campaigners for the rights of women workers rather than neutral administrators of state policy. Workers, Unions and Payment in Kind: The Fight for Real Wages in Britain, 1820-1914, by Christopher Frank; pp. xii + 293. [Extracted from the article]