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In the course of developing the strategy and theoretical and methodological foundations for designing and implementing STEM education of students, in the context of the prospects for social and labor development, it is necessary to harmonize their psychological sphere and form the ability to interact productively through education in the context of the general secondary education system. In the process of interaction, according to the proposed algorithm, with certain forms, methods and means of education, consciousness is formed at a new level of development, which is due to the ability to introspect and the accumulation of multifaceted psychological experience. The result is the ability to engage in productive activities that meet the interests, capabilities and aptitudes in the context of adaptability to employers' needs. The student's perspectives are considered as a dynamic characteristic of professional self-determination and a forecast of changes in the labor market, which allows to project the success of adaptation to existing conditions and to identify the compliance of their own capabilities with the requirements of productive activity through STEM education. Modern STEM education should ensure the formation of competence levels of students who are able to analyze productive activities and solve problems, be ready for continuous learning and development in a rapidly changing technical and technological environment. It has numerous trends, as it is dynamically developing and adapting to the requirements of the modern world and rapidly changing technologies. The trends outlined in the report indicate the systemic development of STEM education as an important component of the modern educational process aimed at preparing students for life and work in the modern innovation space. The development and implementation of STEM education is based on theoretical and methodological principles that define the basic principles and approaches to its development. These theoretical and methodological foundations help to create a basis for the productive implementation of STEM education, contributing to the development of students' competence levels and preparing them for productive interaction in the modern world. At the same time, the development of educational and methodological support (EMS) for STEM education includes several key stages and requires the cooperation of various specialists in the fields of science, technology, engineering and mathematics. Testing and evaluating the effectiveness of organizational forms, methods and means of implementing STEM education in the process of competence formation are important for ensuring the quality of education and further improving the educational process. The next stage of further research in this area is to develop the content of STEM education and requirements for student training, which should systematize the links between the purpose, means and results of the formed qualities, values and competencies and the conditions for their productive application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractDespite the rapid increase in the older population in South Korea, the quality of life of older adults remains low. The suicide rate of older adults in South Korea is among the highest of all OECD countries. Using data from 2012 (wave 4) to 2020 (wave 8) of the Korean Longitudinal Survey of Women and Families (KLoWF), this study examined the effects of participation in productive activities on suicidal ideation among South Korean female older adults. This study derived three key findings. First, although there were differences regarding the type of productive activity, participation in productive activity could reduce the probability of experiencing suicidal ideation. Participation in housework as a productive activity related to daily life had the greatest marginal effect. Second, the more productive activities one participated in, the lower the likelihood of suicidal ideation. Third, the economic and health status of older women had a significant effect on suicidal ideation. The marginal effect of health status was greater than that of economic status. This study not only makes an academic contribution but also has policy implications for the field of public health.

Polluting productive activities such as tanneries, butcher shops, and slaughterhouses used to be close to watercourses, irrigation ditches, and even the Rímac River and the Plaza Mayor of the city of Lima, negatively impacting the image of the capital, the seat of the Viceroyalty of Peru, and the health of the neighbors. In the second half of the 18th century, the enlightened authorities ordered the relocation of economic activities that generated garbage and polluted the water in the peripheries. However, the owner's resistance slowed down the application of the law and caused the city downtown to continue being a latent focus of pest spread. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Vegetable extraction has been considered a new paradigm of adequate development for the Amazon Region by ecological movements, international organizations, and foreign governments. This study evaluates whether the supply of extractive products transformed into economic value can ensure the livelihood of families and prevent deforestation. The study was conducted at the extractive reserves Alto Juruá, Rio Ouro Preto, and Rio Cajari during two periods: January to March 2017 and January to March 2019. A total of 384 interviews were conducted—234 in 2017 and 150 in 2019. The field results show that low returns, low land productivity, and lack of labor point to the economic infeasibility of vegetable extraction in the extractive reserves of Alto Juruá, Rio Ouro, and Rio Cajari. As a priority, extractivism should be considered a cultural institution and an economic model that can promote sustainability. A strategy capable of valuing products derived from extractivism should be developed, and an approximation of the markets that remediates the efforts of forest conservationists should be considered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite the rapid increase in the older population in South Korea, the quality of life of older adults remains low. The suicide rate of older adults in South Korea is among the highest of all OECD countries. Using data from 2012 (wave 4) to 2020 (wave 8) of the Korean Longitudinal Survey of Women and Families (KLoWF), this study examined the effects of participation in productive activities on suicidal ideation among South Korean female older adults. This study derived three key findings. First, although there were differences regarding the type of productive activity, participation in productive activity could reduce the probability of experiencing suicidal ideation. Participation in housework as a productive activity related to daily life had the greatest marginal effect. Second, the more productive activities one participated in, the lower the likelihood of suicidal ideation. Third, the economic and health status of older women had a significant effect on suicidal ideation. The marginal effect of health status was greater than that of economic status. This study not only makes an academic contribution but also has policy implications for the field of public health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de Economia Contemporânea is the property of Revista de Economia Contemporanea and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The time older people spend on various daily activities is critical for their health and well-being. New generations of older adults are increasingly expected to participate in 'active' activities. We explore shifts in active time use among upcoming cohorts of older people in Sweden. Recognizing the diverging meanings associated with the active ageing concept, we develop a classification model comprising the spheres of work, social engagement, and active leisure. We observe differences in time use of the 'older middle-aged' (pre-retirement), 'young old', and 'older old' observed in 2000/2001 and 2010/2011. We draw on two cross sections of Swedish time-use survey data covering 120 activities related to people's everyday lives. We measure between-cohort differences in mean time use and employ covariate analysis to control for the influence of group-wise changes in socio-demographics. Linear regression is used to explore social differentiation, e.g. the influence of gender. Comparisons between new and previous generations indicate substantial increases in overall active ageing activity: increases by 7 h per week among the older old and 3.5 h among the young old and older middle-aged. New generations spend more time on work, paid or unpaid, and leisure digital interaction; for some, this is counteracted by less free time spent on social engagement. The new generation of the older old group spends more time on outdoor activity and exercise. These time-use patterns are gendered and dependent on education, mainly due to changes in cohort composition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Social participation in daily living the activities requires the maintenance of a variety of social relationships with others and engagement in various social activities. Proper social participation increases the feeling of attachment, provides a stable sense of identity, and increases one’s sense of worth, belonging, and dependence on society. Lack of social participation leads to anxiety, loneliness, depression, panic, mental disorders and many other mental problems and affects society in general. A new coronavirus, called COVID-19, was identified in late December 2019 in China. After just one year, it has been reportedly infected more than 85 million people (up to January 1, 2021) worldwide, and more than 1.8 million have died. Two public health measures to break the transmission chain include quarantine and social distancing. These measures restrict gatherings or separate individuals. Due to these measures in many countries, people’s participation in many social activities has been disrupted. The purpose of this study is to survey the negative effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on home integration, community integration and productive activities. Materials & Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in June 2020 by using the Community Integration Questionnaire (CIQ) which measures home integration, community integration, and productive activities, along with a demographic form which were sent to 461 participants in Iran (Mean ±SD age= 36.86±5.8 years) on WhatsApp or via email and completed online. Participants were selected from among college students, patients, people with disabilities, their families and relatives, and others who could use smartphones, computers, tablets, and laptops. The effects of Covid-19 were evaluated by analyzing the CIQ scores before and after the pandemic in SPSS v. 22 software. Results: Comparing the CIQ scores before and after the pandemic, results showed that it significantly reduced home integration (P

This study aims to determine successful aging in the elderly through their own stories and photos and then they can re-read the stories they told themselves previously through diary activities. This research with a qualitative approach involves two informants who are elderly and live in a nursing home. Both informants were obtained by purposive sampling technique. This study uses data collection methods by means of interviews, observations, and documentation and data analysis using thematic analysis. The results showed that successful aging can be seen from 3 factors, namely selection, optimization and compensation. Giving an elderly diary is one method that helps in opening up the elderly, becoming a forum for the elderly to refer to the extent to which the cognitive function, productive activities and physical activities of the elderly by inviting the elderly to tell their lives and attaching photos of their activities in the diary. This research only focuses on qualitative aspects and is limited to two informants. Future researchers may consider doing other methods and more informants to be involved in the research. This research contributes to the development of knowledge related to the role of productivity and cognition in the elderly. By understanding the factors of successful aging in the elderly, it helps in activating some of the roles that the elderly can still play in old age. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Eutopía: Revista de Desarrollo Económico Territorial is the property of Eutopia: Revista de Desarrollo Economico Territorial and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Protected areas (PA) are effective means for protecting biodiversity, but less is known about their effect on the social-ecological system (SES). Using a semi-experimental approach and a descriptive case study based evaluation, we analyzed the effect of a PA in the Yucatan Peninsula on land-cover and household resource management strategies in time and space (before and after the PA establishment; inside and outside its limits). To assess the changes of land-use practices in the areas surrounding the communities inside and outside the PA, and their change over time (from 2003 to 2015), we used remote sensing analysis and semi-structured interviews. Our results show that after the PA was established, the forest increased and agricultural plots decreased inside and to a lesser extent outside the PA. However, fires reduced the area of old-growth forest and increased young secondary forest, highlighting the system's vulnerability to uncommon events. Resource management strategies were also affected: while inside the PA households tended toward specializing on tourism, outside the PA household strategies implied a diversification of productive activities. Overall, the establishment of the PA proved to be an effective tool to promote forest recovery and prevent deforestation in the regions surrounding the communities both inside and outside the PA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective Social participation in daily living the activities requires the maintenance of a variety of social relationships with others and engagement in various social activities. Proper social participation increases the feeling of attachment, provides a stable sense of identity, and increases one's sense of worth, belonging, and dependence on society. Lack of social participation leads to anxiety, loneliness, depression, panic, mental disorders and many other mental problems and affects society in general. A new coronavirus, called COVID-19, was identified in late December 2019 in China. After just one year, it has been reportedly infected more than 85 million people (up to January 1, 2021) worldwide, and more than 1.8 million have died. Two public health measures to break the transmission chain include quarantine and social distancing. These measures restrict gatherings or separate individuals. Due to these measures in many countries, people's participation in many social activities has been disrupted. The purpose of this study is to survey the negative effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on home integration, community integration and productive activities. Materials & Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted in June 2020 by using the Community Integration Questionnaire (CIQ) which measures home integration, community integration, and productive activities, along with a demographic form which were sent to 461 participants in Iran (Mean ±SD age= 36.86±5.8 years) on WhatsApp or via email and completed online. Participants were selected from among college students, patients, people with disabilities, their families and relatives, and others who could use smartphones, computers, tablets, and laptops. The effects of Covid-19 were evaluated by analyzing the CIQ scores before and after the pandemic in SPSS v. 22 software. Results Comparing the CIQ scores before and after the pandemic, results showed that it significantly reduced home integration (P<0.0001), social integration (P<0.0001), productive activities (P<0.0001) and total score (P<0.0001). Conclusion The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted the social life of people. In addition to health threats of this disease, the fear of being infected and losing loved ones, job, educational opportunities, recreation, freedom and support, have profound psychological effects. Not only getting infected, but also the fear of getting infected can lead to a lack of access to resources that can improve people's resistance to this disease. The COVID-19 pandemic has direct and indirect psychological and social effects and can affect mental health. In order to reduce the negative psychosocial effects of quarantine and social distancing, the implementation of national strategies to promote social participation by Information and Communication Technology-based programs is recommended. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mixing productive economic activities with housing is a hot topic in academic and policy discourses on the redevelopment of large cities today. Mixed-use is proposed to reduce adverse effects of modernist planning such as single-use zoning, traffic congestion, and loss of quality in public space. Moreover, productive city discourses plead for the re-integration of industry and manufacturing in the urban tissue. Often, historical examples of successful mixed-use in urban areas serve as a guiding image, with vertical symbiosis appearing as the holy grail of the live-work mix-discourse. This article examines three recent live-work mix projects developed by a public real estate agency in Brussels. We investigate how different spatial layouts shape the links between productive, residential, and other land uses and how potential conflicts between residents and economic actors are mediated. We develop a theoretical framework based on earlier conceptualisations of mixed-use development to analyse the spatial and functional relationships within the projects. We situate them within the housing and productive city policies in Brussels. From this analysis, we conclude that mixed-use should be understood by considering spatial and functional relationships at various scales and by studying the actual spatial layout of shared spaces, logistics and nuisance mitigation. Mixed-use is highly contextual, depending on the characteristics of the area as well as policy goals. The vertical symbiosis between different land uses is but one example of valid mixed-use strategies along with good neighbourship, overlap, and tolerance. As such, future commercial and industrial areas will occur in various degrees of mixity in our cities.

Mixing productive economic activities with housing is a hot topic in academic and policy discourses on the redevelopment of large cities today. Mixed-use is proposed to reduce adverse effects of modernist planning such as single-use zoning, traffic congestion, and loss of quality in public space. Moreover, productive city discourses plead for the re-integration of industry and manufacturing in the urban tissue. Often, historical examples of successful mixed-use in urban areas serve as a guiding image, with vertical symbiosis appearing as the holy grail of the live-work mix-discourse. This article examines three recent live-work mix projects developed by a public real estate agency in Brussels. We investigate how different spatial layouts shape the links between productive, residential, and other land uses and how potential conflicts between residents and economic actors are mediated. We develop a theoretical framework based on earlier conceptualisations of mixed-use development to analyse the spatial and functional relationships within the projects. We situate them within the housing and productive city policies in Brussels. From this analysis, we conclude that mixed-use should be understood by considering spatial and functional relationships at various scales and by studying the actual spatial layout of shared spaces, logistics and nuisance mitigation. Mixed-use is highly contextual, depending on the characteristics of the area as well as policy goals. The vertical symbiosis between different land uses is but one example of valid mixed-use strategies along with good neighbourship, overlap, and tolerance. As such, future commercial and industrial areas will occur in various degrees of mixity in our cities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background Engagement in productive activities is an important determinant of mental health and quality of life (QoL). Persons with physical disabilities are often confronted with constraints to engage in productive activities and it remains largely unknown whether persons who nevertheless manage to be productive experience beneficial effects for mental health and QoL. This is the first study to analyse different productive activities (paid work, volunteering, education, housework) and its gender-specific associations with mental health and QoL in the disability setting, testing two contrasting hypotheses of Role Theory, the role strain and the role enhancement hypotheses. Methods We used data from a representative sample of 1157 men and women of employable age who sustained a severe physical disability (spinal cord injury). Load of engagement in paid work, volunteering, education, and housework was classified into three groups (none; moderate; high). To assess the total productivity load, a score over the four items was calculated. Diversity of engagement was assessed with variables on the number and combination of activities. Tobit regressions were applied to evaluate associations of load and diversity of engagement in productive activities with mental health (Mental Health Inventory, SF-36) and QoL (WHOQoL-BREF items). Results We found that the total productivity load and the load of paid work were positively related to mental health and QoL in men. Individuals with moderate engagement in volunteering reported better mental health (both genders) and QoL (in women) than those with higher or no engagement. Our results support the role enhancement hypothesis, as mental health (in men) and QoL (both genders) increased with the number of performed activities. In men who had paid work, mental health and QoL increased consistently with each additional unpaid activity. In contrast, engagement in paid work played a minor role for mental health and QoL in women. Conclusion This study in the disability setting provided clear support for the role enhancement hypothesis. Future research on the mechanisms behind the observed associations is warranted to develop interventions and policies that strengthen resources important for engagement in productive activities as well as for mental health and QoL in persons with physical disabilities.

Introduction: Given evidence that activity engagement in older adulthood can have protective effects on the aging brain, we investigated the idea that volunteering in the community, which often encompasses social, cognitive, and physical activity, might benefit cognition. Method: Ninety-one retired 65- to 75-year-olds reported their sociodemographic characteristics, wellbeing, volunteering, and activity engagement. They also completed computerized cognitive tests that tapped specific functions known to decline disproportionately with age. Results: Volunteering at least monthly was associated with better working memory and more social and cognitive activity. Mediation analyses indicated that volunteering was indirectly related to switching performance via cognitive activity. However, the volunteering-working memory association did not depend on activity engagement, leaving the underpinning mechanisms unclear. Conclusions: These findings provide new insight into positive associations between older people's volunteering, activity engagement, and cognitive functioning. However, further work is needed to understand the mechanisms that drive volunteering-cognition links, and to establish causality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this research is to identify the variables that determine the probabilities for women from Michoacán, México to occupy leadership positions in regional firms. Based on gender equity and development of women theories, it is argued that economic power and control over income instigates economic independence, autonomy, decision making in the public domain and structural changes that defy social norms. Economic power for women is essential to society’s development, since other forms of power such as coercive, political or ideological tend to be less accessible for them. That is why it is assumed that the greater the number of women in leadership positions and entrepreneurs with strong economic power, the greater the possibility to achieve a higher gender parity inside the economic and political structures. To measure the probability of a women assuming the status of an employer or being a firm owner, two logit models were built, and the data was gathered to quantify the relationship from the National Survey of Occupation and Employment (ENOE) data base from the years 2019 and 2020. The results of both models indicate that working in firms from the services sector with more than 50 workers and fewer than 250 and devoting most of the time to productive and remunerated activities significantly increases the likelihood of women occupying hierarchal positions. The main difference between the two analyzed years was in the variable Domestic activities, which was statistically valid in 2019 but was not in 2020. The variables, Age and Schooling, were not statistically significant in any of the models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Environmental & Social Management Journal / Revista de Gestão Social e Ambiental is the property of Environmental & Social Management Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objectives: To investigate type and load of productive activities as potential determinants of mental health and well-being in elderly persons with a physical disability. Methods: We used data from a Swiss population-based sample of 314 adults at or past the legal retirement age (65 for men, 64 for women) who live with a chronic physical disability, spinal cord injury. Engagement in housework, volunteering, and paid work were dichotomized (no; some engagement) and three groups of engagement types were constructed (none; housework only; volunteering and/or paid work). Load of engagement was appraised using a sumscore on the overall frequency as well as the total number of performed activities. We used regression modelling to draw causal inference regarding the associations of type and load of engagement with general mental health (Mental Health Inventory, SF-36), self-reported depression (Self-Administered Comorbidity Questionnaire, SCQ), and well-being (WHOQoL-BREF items). Results: Engagement in volunteering was positively related to well-being. Persons engaged only in housework reported better well-being and lower prevalence of depression than non-engaged persons, however, persons engaged in volunteering or paid work reported the highest well-being and the lowest prevalence of depression. The productivity sumscore tertiles and the number of performed activities were both positively linked to well-being and negatively linked to depression, while their association with general mental health was less pronounced. Conclusion: Strengthening the engagement in productive activities among the elderly with a chronic physical disability is suggested as a promising strategy to promote well-being and reduce the prevalence of depression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Protected areas (PA) are effective means for protecting biodiversity, but less is known about their effect on the social-ecological system (SES). Using a semi-experimental approach and a descriptive case study based evaluation, we analyzed the effect of a PA in the Yucatan Peninsula on land-cover and household resource management strategies in time and space (before and after the PA establishment; inside and outside its limits). To assess the changes of land-use practices in the areas surrounding the communities inside and outside the PA, and their change over time (from 2003 to 2015), we used remote sensing analysis and semi-structured interviews. Our results show that after the PA was established, the forest increased and agricultural plots decreased inside and to a lesser extent outside the PA. However, fires reduced the area of old-growth forest and increased young secondary forest, highlighting the system’s vulnerability to uncommon events. Resource management strategies were also affected: while inside the PA households tended toward specializing on tourism, outside the PA household strategies implied a diversification of productive activities. Overall, the establishment of the PA proved to be an effective tool to promote forest recovery and prevent deforestation in the regions surrounding the communities both inside and outside the PA.

The productive activities of 84 establishments that are settled in both margins of the Guaranda River were investigated, with a route of 4 km before it emerges and form the basin of the Chimbo-Guayas River. It was proposed to determine how water pollution occurs, specifically in the Negroyacu micro watershed of the city of Guaranda, Ecuador. In the course proposed for the study, georeferencing was divided into 9 areas with their respective sites of housing, crops, roads and vegetation. Zone four was the most polluting as a consequence of greater productive activity by trade and services; For the analysis of water samples in the laboratory the contamination was given by the presence of nitrates, chlorides and sulfates. It is concluded that the productive activities of the inhabitants of the studied microbasin correspond to the primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary sectors. Commercial establishments discharge their wastewater to the micro watershed, and seven of ten establishments pollute the water. The presence of algae in zones one and two is an indicator of non-contamination of water. The indicators determine that it is necessary to implement water management actions to reduce pollution levels in the micro watershed.

Objectives: We investigate the relationship between control in productive activities (paid work, housework, caregiving) and well-being in persons with a physical disability and their caregiving partners from a dyadic perspective, exploring not only the effect of own control on well-being, but also the effect of the partners' control on well-being. We further evaluated socioeconomic and caregiving characteristics as potential risk factors for low control in productive activities.Methods: Longitudinal dyadic data from the pro-WELL survey (n = 246) including persons with spinal cord injury (SCI) and their caregiving partners were used and mixed-effects regression modelling was applied. Well-being was operationalized with a cognitive (Satisfaction with Life Scale, SWLS) and an affective component (Positive and Negative Affect Scale, PANAS).Results: Control at work was positively related to well-being in persons with SCI, but less so in caregiving partners. Control in housework and caregiving was associated with higher well-being. The partners' control was linked to affective well-being. Poor socioeconomic conditions were negatively related to control at work and in caregiving, but not to control in housework. Caregiving characteristics seem unrelated to control at work or housework, but higher objective caregiver burden was linked to reduced control in caregiving.Conclusions: Our findings suggest that low control in productive activities are common in the disability setting and represent an instrumental factor for reduced well-being that is augmented by poor socioeconomic conditions and high objective burden of care. Interventions aiming to optimize well-being through the integration in productive activities should take into account opportunities of exerting control. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Productive activities are crucial factors leading to an "active aging" population. With the case of Vietnam, this paper aimed to explore the productive activities among Vietnamese older people by using data from the Vietnam Aging Survey (VNAS), which was conducted in 2011 as the first-ever nationally representative survey on persons aged 50 and over in Vietnam and contained 2789 older people (those aged 60 and over) representing all older people living in 6 ecological regions and urban and rural areas in Vietnam. Productive activities included working and/or taking care of any (great)grandchild(ren) in the past 12 months prior to the survey. Using paired t-tests and probit models, we compared the differences in these productive activities among older people in terms of sex and living area. The results from various t-tests showed that educational attainment, health status and poverty status were key factors differentiating older men and women and rural and urban older people in these productive activities. For the probit estimations in terms of both gender and living location, the results indicated that age, education, health status and supportive children were determinants of working decision, while age, marital status and size of household were consistently important factors of taking care of (great)grandchildren. The paper also discussed policy implications for socio-economic and health protection in promoting older people's productive activities as well as protecting them from a variety of risks and vulnerabilities. • Older people are active in working and taking care of their (great)grandchildren. • Their activities are significant differences, especially in terms of sex and age. • Health is also a key determinant of older people's productive activities. • Adaptive social and health protection policies are needed for "active aging". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study differentiated the diversified aspects of older adulthood in terms of productive activities and examined which attributes of the elderly shaped these dissimilarities of productive aging. This research shed light on the multi-dimensional nature of the productive activities of the Korean elderly, using the 2014 Time Use Survey produced by Statistics Korea. This study selected 3766 older adults aged 65 and older who resided in city areas. The results revealed that the time used for productive activities for older adults were different based on objective factors. These differences were clear enough to be classified into distinctive clusters. When analyzed in terms of the amount of time spent, gender of the elderly turned out to be the most discriminating factor. As for the dimension of labor, gender division of labor still existed during older adulthood in that older men were more active in doing paid work, whereas care of family was assigned as women's responsibility. Furthermore, most of the elderly did not participate in productive activities, and this possibility rose as one's age increased. • Reveals the multi-dimensional nature of productive activities among Korean elderly. • Older adult time use is different based on objective factors. • Differences in time use can be classified into distinctive clusters. • Gender is an important factor of time use. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines the relationship between productive activities and cognitive decline among older adults aged 50 years and over in China and whether this relationship varies by gender and urban/rural residence using a sample of 13,596 respondents from three waves of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. Results from Generalized Estimation Equations show that caring for grandchildren, caring for a spouse, informal helping and formal volunteering are associated with reduced risk of cognitive decline over a two-year period. In addition, the types of productive activities that are most beneficial for cognition vary by gender and urban/rural residence. Caring for grandchildren and volunteering are most beneficial for urban women, informal helping is most beneficial for urban men, and paid employment is most beneficial for rural men. • Productive activities are associated with reduced risk of cognitive decline. • This association varies by activity type, gender and urban/rural residence. • Caring for grandchildren and volunteering is more beneficial for urban women. • Informal helping is more beneficial for urban men. • Employment is more beneficial for rural men. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The research aimed at identifying the productive activities of rural woman for increasing family icome in the fields of agricultural operations, home hand-crafts, animal husbandry, and poultry. The research was conducted at three villages in Fakos district with a sample size of 323 respondents. Data were collected by a questionnaire through personal interview. Pearson correltion coefficient, multiple regressions (step - Wise) were used for data analysing. The research revealed the following results: - Productive Activities level of agricultural operation was low, while it was high in the field of animal husbandry, and moderate in home hand crafts. - Woman satisfaction regarding puplic services, years of agriculture experience, and holding of home sets were the most important variables which explain the variation of the role of woman in Productive Activities. - The most important problems hindering the Productive Activities of rural woman to increase family income were : marketing difficulties, lack of finance. - The most important suggestions for activating the Productive Activities were improving women skills through training programs, increasing the awareness of rural woman suitable small projects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Children with autism spectrum disorders often have particular hardships in participating in joint activities with an adult. This makes interventions more problematic and draws back the achievement of planned educational goals. At the early stages of speech therapy, the important goal of individual sessions with the majority of children with autism spectrum disorders is not speech development in itself but developing motivation for joint activities. To ensure successful interaction between an educator and a child, different techniques can be used, including those that are not typical for speech therapy sessions, for example, sculpturing as a preferred activity with enjoyable sensory input. The article describes tips for developing rapport with children with autistic disorders, and a strategy for involving them in joint activities and further development of their speech.

Balancing the needs of increasing yields of productive systems while adhering to principles of sustainability is one of the most pressing challenges of the 21st century. However, baselines for management guidelines aimed at mitigating the impacts of working landscapes on biodiversity are lacking for the most biodiverse regions in the world. In addition, there is a scarcity of empirical examples of how information collected using community-based approaches can be used to both define management guidelines and measure outcomes for sustainability. In this study, we used bird observations collected by community monitors to identify the functional relationships between bird occupancy and habitat traits to inform management of productive landscapes. Our results indicated that relationships between bird occupancy and habitat traits depended on species residence status and their affinity to urban-cropfield areas. Percentage of shrub cover was found to significantly influence the probability of occurrence across bird species in the landscape, followed by tree diameter, tree species richness, and time since anthropogenic disturbance. Tree species richness was the only habitat trait that was found to have a positive relationship across all species groups. Seasonal variation in the number of bird species related to habitat traits was only important for shrub cover. Following our results, we identified specific management targets for current land use categories (i.e., conservation forests, forestry plots, urban-cropfield areas) to benefit birds. Overall, we concluded that selective forestry management was not entirely detrimental for birds, as it preserves habitat heterogeneity and vegetation structure. In contrast, intensive forestry management was found to be unfavorable for most bird species, likely driven by the clearing of critical vegetation from the area. Our participatory approach for defining research objectives and collecting data to directly inform management guidelines for communal lands, while using robust analytical tools, shows great potential for promoting sustainable working landscapes in biodiverse regions across the globe. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

They were identified in relation to the family agriculture units of municipalities in the West Coast Region of Paraná, based on the diagnoses raised by ADEOP - Paraná Extreme Development Agency between 2010 and 2012, their main productive activities, their probable environmental risks and waste situation, the conditions of its equipment and facilities and its future goals; in relation to the municipalities, information was collected on the municipal visions related to family agriculture and its commercialization channels. The research is characterized as exploratory and descriptive in terms of typology, deductive in relation to the method and with a qualitative-quantitative approach. It is concluded that in the region studied there are several challenges for the development of family agriculture: the ecological dimension, the environmental risks established, the economic and social dimensions, the prevalence of conventional production systems and the lack of commercialization channels in the cultural dimension the loss of local knowledge and regional culture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In Nepal, rural water systems (RWS) are classified by practitioners as single-use domestic water systems (SUS) or multiple-use water systems (MUS). In the rural hills of Nepal, subsistence farming communities typically use RWS to support income-generating productive activities that can enhance rural livelihoods. However, there is limited research on the extent of existing productive activity and the factors enabling these activities. This paper examines the extent of water-related productive activities and the factors driving these activities based on a study, undertaken between October 2017 to June 2018, of 202 households served from five single-use domestic water systems and five multiple use water systems in the mid-hills of Nepal. The research found that a majority (94%) of these households engaged in two or more productive activities including growing vegetables and horticulture crops, raising livestock, and producing biogas and Rakshi (locally-produced alcohol), regardless of the system design, i.e., SUS vs. MUS. Around 90% of the households were engaged in productive activities that contributed to over 10% of their mean annual household income ($4,375). Since the SUS vs. MUS classification was not found to be a significant determinant of the extent of productive activity, the households were reclassified as having high or low levels of productive activity based on the quantity of water used for these activities and the associated earned income. A multinomial logistic regression model was developed to measure the relative significance of various predictors of high productive activity households. Five dominant predictors were identified: households that farm as a primary occupation, use productive technologies, are motivated to pursue productive activities, have received water-related productive activity training, and have received external support related to productive activities. Whereas MUS are designed for productive activity, nearly every household in SUS communities was involved in productive activities making them ‘de-facto’ MUS. These results challenge the current approach to rural water provision that views SUS and MUS as functionally different services.

This article analyzes the socioeconomic conditions between inhabitants of the Cuxtal Ecological Reserve (REC), which suffers the effects of urban sprawl on forest cover. It was applied randomly 400 surveys in several communities located within REC to meet socioeconomic aspects and describe some productive activities that cause damages to the reserve. The results of the study indicates that the inhabitants of the reserve have not basic knowledge of the protection area. Similarly a PROBIT model analyzes how people are motivated to perform work outside the reserve due to the low level of weekly income obtained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research aimed to identify the general characteristics of the respondents, to identify the sources of information obtained by the respondents about the productive activities, and to identify the level of rural women participation in productive activities in the fields of (plant production, animal and poultry production, and to identify the factors related to the degree of rural women participation in productive activities in the fields of (plant production, poultry and animal production, food and crafts processing) and to determine the relative contribution of the independent variables in explain the difference in the degree of rural women participation in productive activities. To recognize the role of agricultural extension in encouraging rural women to carry out productive activities and to identify the main obstacles facing rural women in their participation in the productive activities and to identify the proposals of the respondents to activate their participation in the productive activities. The research was conducted in Sharkia Governorate. Three randomly selected districts were chosen. The village of Bani Amer was selected from. Zagazig District. The village of Taha al-Marg was selected from Dyarb-Negm District and the village Met Bashar was selected from Minya al-Qamh District. The data were collected from each village, and the sample included 50 respondents from each village in a simple random way. Data collection was used to achieve the objectives of the research using the questionnaire method in the personal interview. The data were collected during 2017 and the statistical methods were used to analyze and present the results. These methods included frequency and percentages in the presentation of the data, Pearson correlation coefficient (to measure the relation with quantitative variables) and Spearman correlation coefficient (to measure the correlation with descriptive variables: education and marital status). The most important findings were that (9.33%) of the respondents have low exposure to sources of information, 54.67% medium, 36.0% high, and the most common areas that increase the family income in which rural women participate are animal and poultry activiteis followed by the field of food processing, and the field of plant production. The results also showed a significant correlation between the degree of rural women participation in production activities and the following variables: (age, marital status, educational status, number of household members, monthly income, assets owned, informal participation, cultural openness, savings tendency, investment tendency, economic ambition, exposure to information sources [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on the relationship between well-being and a socially-engaged lifestyle among Europeans aged 64 and above, in which topics discussed include the impact of activity participation on older people's health, and how the findings compared with data from the first Wave of the Survey of Health, Aging and Retirement in Europe. Also mentioned are activities that fall under the socially and productively oriented category and the definition of well-being.

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The article offers an attempt to present practical activities based on the structure of a poem for use in a foreign language classroom, coherent with the methodology of teaching through practical productive exercises, as well as on The Common European Framework of Reference for Languages. Paul Celan's poem Ich hörte sagen presents a perfect research material because of its poetical structure, which may constitute a basis for the development of linguistic competences, as well as competences in literary text reading. The typology of activities built on Celan's poem is preceded by an analysis of the role of literature in foreign language teaching and the status of poetry in the whole teaching process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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What are the social factors that matter most to the health of elderly Chinese? Are there any gender and age differences? Using a representative sample of elderly Chinese in Shanghai, the most developed city in China with the nation’s largest proportion of elderly residents, this study found that economic conditions, chronic health status, living arrangements, social activity participation, and caring for grandchildren are factors that are most important to the health of elderly Chinese. This is true for both self-rated health and psychological well-being. The beneficial effects of participation in social activities are particularly salient for elderly women and for the old–old, whereas the salutary effects of caring for grandchildren are more substantial for elderly men and for the young–old. Our findings suggest the importance of social engagement in promoting health and successful aging of elderly Chinese and disclose the moderating roles of gender and age in this focal relationship. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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