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The aim of the article is to update the socio-cultural significance of hotel animation in the context of its comparison with cultural animation and animation pedagogy. The research results analyse the origin, varieties, and organisation of animation, which is an essential component of leisure organisation for hotel customers and belongs to the third type of animation (as defined by M. Smith), ensuring a comfortable, interesting, diverse, and informative stay of hotel guests. The origin of the “animation” concept and the history of its practice direct us to the socio-cultural reflection of this phenomenon, which is also observed in defining hotel animation by Ukrainian researchers, who, in particular, consider it an independent alternative psychological and pedagogical direction in the field of cultural and leisure activities, which focuses on personal contacts between the animator and guests. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the analysis of hotel animation with regard to its broad functional purpose as an important socio-cultural phenomenon of modern leisure. Conclusions. Hotel animation, in addition to its direct functional purpose of providing an organised form of recreational leisure, which ensures a comfortable, interesting, diverse, and informative stay for guests within the hotel premises, has an important socio-cultural purpose. Hotel animation is an effective means of activating the creative potential and involving a person in the socio-cultural environment; a kind of cultural trigger that stimulates intellectual and emotional interest, interest in various forms of leisure, enlivens rest, stimulates social interaction, and provides a wide range of impressions from the personal participation of hotel guests in animation events. Hotel animation is important for the development and education of young tourists. All this brings it closer to related concepts, such as cultural animation and animation pedagogy. In such a broad context, hotel animation requires a comprehensive study by social educators, cultural experts, and other representatives of social and humanitarian sciences., Мета статті — актуалізувати соціокультурне значення готельної анімації в контексті її зіставлення з анімацією культури та анімаційною педагогікою. Результати дослідження. Проаналізовано походження, різновиди, організацію анімації, яка є обов’язковою складовою організації дозвілля клієнтів у готелях і належить до третього виду анімації (за визначенням М. Сміта), а також забезпечує комфортне, цікаве, різноманітне та пізнавальне перебування гостей на території готелю. Походження поняття «анімація» та історія виникнення відповідної практики спрямовують нас до соціокультурної рефлексії цього явища. Така ситуація спостерігається й у визначенні готельної анімації з боку українських дослідників, які, зокрема, вважають її самостійним альтернативним психолого-педагогічним напрямом у сфері культурно-дозвіллєвої діяльності, в якій акцентується на особистісних контактах аніматора й гостей. Наукова новизна дослідження полягає в аналізі готельної анімації з урахуванням її широкого функціонального призначення як важливого соціокультурного феномену сучасного дозвілля. Висновки. Готельна анімація, окрім свого безпосереднього функціонального призначення із забезпечення організованої форми рекреаційного дозвілля, що забезпечує комфортне, цікаве, різноманітне та пізнавальне перебування гостей на території готелю, має важливе соціокультурне призначення. Готельна анімація — це ефективний засіб активізації творчого потенціалу та залучення людини до соціокультурного середовища; своєрідний культурний тригер, що стимулює інтелектуально-емоційний інтерес, зацікавлення різними формами дозвілля, пожвавлює відпочинок, стимулює соціальну взаємодію та забезпечує широкий спектр вражень від особистої участі гостей готелю в анімаційних заходах. Важливе значення готельна анімація має для розвитку та виховання маленьких туристів. Все це наближує її до споріднених понять, таких як анімація культури та анімаційна педагогіка. У такому широкому контексті готельна анімація потребує комплексного дослідження з боку соціальних педагогів, культурологів та інших представників соціогуманітарних наук.

The aim of the articleis to update the socio-cultural significance of hotel animation in the context of its comparison with cultural animation and animation pedagogy. Theresearch resultsanalyse the origin, varieties, and organisation of animation, which is an essential component of leisure organisation for hotel customers and belongs to the third type of animation (as defined by M. Smith), ensuring a comfortable, interesting, diverse, and informative stay of hotel guests. The origin of the “animation” concept and the history of its practice direct us to the socio-cultural reflection of this phenomenon, which is also observed in defining hotel animation by Ukrainian researchers, who, in particular, consider it an independent alternative psychological and pedagogical direction in the field of cultural and leisure activities, which focuses on personal contacts between the animator and guests.The scientific noveltyof the study lies in the analysis of hotel animation with regard to its broad functional purpose as an important socio-cultural phenomenon of modern leisure.Conclusions.Hotel animation, in addition to its direct functional purpose of providing an organised form of recreational leisure, which ensures a comfortable, interesting, diverse, and informative stay for guests within the hotel premises, has an important socio-cultural purpose. Hotel animation is an effective means of activating the creative potential and involving a person in the socio-cultural environment; a kind of cultural trigger that stimulates intellectual and emotional interest, interest in various forms of leisure, enlivens rest, stimulates social interaction, and provides a wide range of impressions from the personal participation of hotel guests in animation events. Hotel animation is important for the development and education of young tourists. All this brings it closer to related concepts, such as cultural animation and animation pedagogy. In such a broad context, hotel animation requires a comprehensive study by social educators, cultural experts, and other representatives of social and humanitarian sciences.

Through an analysis of examples of Croatian and European contemporary puppetry, the text traces the position of the puppet in relation to its demiurge from initial passive and unconscious domination through active subordination to the present conscious return to passive domination. This spiraling return, read in the "kleistan" sense, places the puppet in the position of an artificial stage god.

This article develops an account of the discourse updates contributed by utterances of declarative sentences with the Cuzco Quechua reportative. The challenge posed by such utterances is that the speaker does not need to be committed to the at-issue proposition φ and may even deny its truth. They are therefore not assertions. Yet φ can behave in many ways like an asserted proposition in discourse: it can be used to answer questions, link to the discourse with veridical rhetorical relations, and, if accepted by the interlocutors, be subsequently presupposed. The proposed semantics for the reportative assigns the commitment to φ to a third-party principal instead of to the discourse participant producing the utterance, leaving them free to disagree with φ. However, if they do not disagree, they will be understood as intending to propose it to the common ground. This, it is argued, is due to the Collaborative Principle, a pragmatic principle that requires discourse participants to provide evidence of any discrepancy in commitments. The analysis is implemented in a modified version of the discourse framework of Farkas & Bruce 2010. EARLY ACCESS

Everest Producciones SAS es una empresa constituida, que brinda sus servicios dentro del campo de la recreación los cuales son: eventos comerciales, enseñanza deportiva y recreativa y operador turístico. Se detectó que una de las falencias de la empresa es no poder cubrir todos los eventos comerciales a los que era solicitada, ya que no había suficientes animadores, así fue como se presentó la idea de innovación de crear una escuela de animadores, en la cual se dará un curso teórico y práctico a aquellas personas que estén interesadas y cuando finalicen, podrán formar parte de la empresa para que puedan brindar apoyo dentro de los eventos a los que se les solicite. Everest Producciones SAS is a company incorporated, which provides its services within the field of recreation which are: commercial events, sports and recreational education and tour operator. It was detected that one of the shortcomings of the company is not being able to cover all the commercial events to which it was requested, since there were not enough animators, this is how the innovation idea of ​​creating a school of animators was presented, in which A theoretical and practical course will be given to those who are interested and when they finish, they will be able to form part of the company so that they can provide support within the events to which they are requested. Profesional en Cultura Física, Deporte y Recreación http://unidadinvestigacion.usta.edu.co Pregrado

Turizam je u svom razvoju prošao kroz nekoliko transformacija. Danas je jasno kako se više ne razvija na „3S“ ponudi koja se bazira na suncu, moru i pijesku. Turisti su znatno zahtjevniji, traže sadržajniji boravak, čitavo iskustvo i niz faktora koji će njihov boravak u nekom mjestu učinit prilagođenim upravo njima. U ovom procesu, od izuzetne je važnosti turistička animacija kao dodana vrijednost na osnovne parametre turističke ponude. Postoji nekoliko grana turističke animacije, a u ovom radu fokus je na sportskoj animaciji i njezinoj ulozi u razvoju turističke ponude. Animatori su nositelji ovih aktivnosti i u neposrednom su kontaktu sa turistima te je nužno da posjeduju određena znanja, vještine i osobine koje će im omogućiti da na najbolji način obavljaju svoj posao, te će se detaljnije objasniti koje su to osobine i karakteristike. Tourism has undergone several transformations in its development. Today, it is clear that it is no longer developing on the "3S" offer, which is based on the sun, sea and sand. Tourists are much more demanding, looking for a more meaningful stay, the whole experience and a number of factors that will make their stay in a place tailored to them. In this process, tourist animation is extremely important as an added value to the basic parameters of the tourism offer. There are several branches of tourist animation, and in this paper the focus is on sports animation and its role in the development of the tourist offer. Anitators are the bearers of these activities and are in direct contact with tourists and it is necessary that they possess certain knowledge, skills and characteristics that will enable them to do their job in the best way, and will explain in more detail what these characteristics.

Dječak koji je govorio Bogu predstava je Hrvatskog narodnog kazališta u Osijeku, premijerno prikazana u kazališnoj sezoni 2020./21. Kao likovi u predstavi pojavljuju se lutke mačka Roka i psa Lorija. U ovom radu opisuju se postupci i kreacije animatora te prilagodba glumaca i redatelja u odnosu na lutke. Glavna je tema stvaranje uloge Lorija. Uloga se ostvarila kroz proučavanje psećeg biheviorizma, istraživanje tehnoloških mogućnosti stolne lutke Lorija i korištenje ranije stečenih znanja na studiju lutkarske animacije, kako bi se iskoristili najbolji alati i animacijski postupci za svaku scensku situaciju. Propituje se i analizira uloga lutaka u predstavi. Točnije, kako likovi mačka i psa pridonose dramaturgiji komada te jesu li optimalno iskorišteni u odnosu na svoje mogućnosti. Navode se i drugi zadatci unutar animatorske uloge u predstavi, kao što su animacija scenografije i rekvizite te glumačke kreacije i koreografije. Također, procjenjuje se uspješnost provedbe tih zadataka u odnosu na prvotne ideje redatelja. Na kraju se komentira reakcija kritike na upotrebu lutaka i što korištenje lutaka u dramskoj predstavi osječkog HNK-a znači za lutkarsku umjetnost na području grada i šire. The Boy Who Spoke to God is a play by the Croatian National Theater in Osijek, that premiered in the 2020/21 theater season. Puppets of cat Roko and dog Lori appear as characters in the play. This paper describes the actions and creations of animators and the adaptation of actors and directors in relation to the puppets. The main theme is the creation of the role of Lori. The role was achieved through the study of canine behaviorism, exploring the technological possibilities of the Lori tabletop puppet, and using previously acquired knowledge in the puppet animation studies to utilize the best tools and animation procedures for each stage situation. Also, the role of puppets in the play is questioned and analyzed. More precisely, how the characters of the cat and the dog contribute to the dramaturgy of the play and whether they are optimally employed in relation to their possibilities. Other tasks within the animator's role in the play are also mentioned, such as animation of scenography and props, as well as acting creations and choreographies. Furthermore, the success of the implementation of these tasks is assessed in relation to the original ideas of the director. Finally, the reaction of the critics to the use of puppets is commented on, and what the use of puppets in the play of the Osijek HNK means for puppetry in the city and beyond.

Turizam je u svom razvoju prošao kroz nekoliko transformacija. Danas je jasno kako se više ne razvija na „3S“ ponudi koja se bazira na suncu, moru i pijesku. Turisti su znatno zahtjevniji, traže sadržajniji boravak, čitavo iskustvo i niz faktora koji će njihov boravak u nekom mjestu učinit prilagođenim upravo njima. U ovom procesu, od izuzetne je važnosti turistička animacija kao dodana vrijednost na osnovne parametre turističke ponude. Postoji nekoliko grana turističke animacije, a u ovom radu fokus je na sportskoj animaciji i njezinoj ulozi u razvoju turističke ponude. Animatori su nositelji ovih aktivnosti i u neposrednom su kontaktu sa turistima te je nužno da posjeduju određena znanja, vještine i osobine koje će im omogućiti da na najbolji način obavljaju svoj posao, te će se detaljnije objasniti koje su to osobine i karakteristike. Tourism has undergone several transformations in its development. Today, it is clear that it is no longer developing on the "3S" offer, which is based on the sun, sea and sand. Tourists are much more demanding, looking for a more meaningful stay, the whole experience and a number of factors that will make their stay in a place tailored to them. In this process, tourist animation is extremely important as an added value to the basic parameters of the tourism offer. There are several branches of tourist animation, and in this paper the focus is on sports animation and its role in the development of the tourist offer. Anitators are the bearers of these activities and are in direct contact with tourists and it is necessary that they possess certain knowledge, skills and characteristics that will enable them to do their job in the best way, and will explain in more detail what these characteristics.

Synod Biskupów dotyczący duszpasterstwa młodzieży, który odbył się w 2018 roku, zauważa, iż posługa pastoralna prowadzona wśród ludzi młodych powinna odbywać się przede wszystkim na poziomie parafii w ramach duszpasterstwa zwyczajnego. Jednak działalność zbawcza Kościoła wśród młodzieży wymaga także obecności elementów duszpasterstwa nadzwyczajnego, co ma dokonywać się poprzez odpowiednie przygotowanie samego duszpasterza i pomagających mu animatorów. Takie działanie może przyczynić się do efektywności prowadzonych działań pastoralnych. Niewątpliwie konieczne wydają się również: wizja, strategia prowadzenia duszpasterstwa na szczeblu diecezji, dekanatu i parafii, a także znajomość kondycji duchowej młodego człowieka, jego trudności oraz środowiska życia. Duszpasterstwo młodzieży diecezji opolskiej stara się na te wyzwania odpowiedzieć i poprzez różnego rodzaju inicjatywy oraz chrześcijańską formację stałą pomaga młodym i towarzyszy im w spotkaniu z osobą Jezusa Chrystusa., The Synod of the Bishops concerning youth ministry, which took place in 2018, points out that pastoral ministry conducted among young people should take place primarily on the parish level as part of the ordinary ministry. However, salutary activity of the Church among youth requires also the presence of extraordinary, categorical ministry elements, which should happen through proper preparation of the priest himself and the animators that are helping him. Such activity can contribute to effectiveness of conducted pastoral actions. Without doubts it seems that the vision and strategy of ministry conducting on the level of diocese, deanery and parish, as well as the knowledge of spiritual condition of young people, their difficulties and living environment are necessary. The youth ministry in the Diocese of Opole is trying to answer to this challenges and through various types of initiatives and Christian constant formation desires to help the young people and accompany them to the meeting with the person of Jesus Christ.

Preventivni odgojni sustav u odgoju omladine 1877. godine napisao je Ivan Bosco, svećenik i salezijanac rođen i umro u Italiji, a živio je u razdoblju političkih previranja i industrijalizacije koja je utjecala na mijenjanje društvenih odnosa i rezultirala doseljavanjem velikog broja dječaka iz ruralnih mjesta u gradske sredine. Započevši brigu oko odgoja i obrazovanja pridošlih dječaka Ivan Bosco započeo je s izgradnjom pedagogije čije su temeljne postavke i danas aktualne u odgojno-obrazovnoj djelatnosti njegovih svećenika salezijanaca, braće pomoćnika i članova ostalih grana salezijanske obitelji diljem svijeta. Salezijanci od 1913. godine djeluju u Republici Hrvatskoj, a 1966. godine povjerena im je briga o župnom pastoralu u Župi Marije Pomoćnice Kršćana na Kmanu gdje devedesetih godina pokreću rad Salezijanskog oratorija Don Bosco – Kman i gradnju Omladinskog centra „Ivan Pavao II.“. Ovim radom nastoji se propitati i prikazati aktualnost odgojnih ideja preventivnog odgojnog sustava Ivana Bosca i istražiti na koji način salezijanci, volonteri i animatori Salezijanskog oratorija Don Bosco – Kman odgojno-obrazovno djeluju među djecom i mladima grada Splita pretpostavljajući da njihova djelatnost u temeljima ima ugrađene odgojne ideje Ivana Bosca. Rad čine dva dijela. Prvi dio rezultat je teorijske obrade dostupne literature na hrvatskom i engleskom jeziku, a koja se odnosi na životopis Ivana Bosca, povijesne prilike u Italiji i pedagoška zbivanja u svijetu u 19. stoljeću te na njegovu odgojno-obrazovnu djelatnost i ostavštinu, među kojima su najznačajniji Preventivni sustav u odgoju omladine i oratorij. Drugi dio prikaz je empirijskog istraživanja odgojno-obrazovne djelatnosti Salezijanskog oratorija Don Bosco – Kman u Splitu koji potvrđuje aktualnost odgojnih ideja Ivana Bosca i daje uvid u načine na koje je moguće i u 21. stoljeću odgajati djecu i mlade na temeljima Ivana Bosca. The preventive educational system in the education of youth was written in 1877 by Ivan Bosco, a priest and Salesian who was born and died in Italy and lived in a period of political turmoil and industrialization that changed social relations and resulted with large numbers of boys from rural areas come to cities . Having begun to take care of the upbringing and education of the new boys, Ivan Bosco began to build a pedagogy whose basic principles are still relevant today in the educational work of his Salesian priests, assistant brothers and members of other branches of the Salesian family around the world. Salesians have been active in the Republic of Croatia since 1913, and in 1966 they were entrusted with the care of parish pastoral care in the Parish of Mary Help of Christians in Kman, where in the 1990s they started the Salesian Oratory Don Bosco - Kman and the construction of the John Paul II Youth Center. This paper seeks to examine and present the topicality of educational ideas of the preventive educational system of Ivan Bosco and explore how Salesians, volunteers and animators of the Salesian oratory Don Bosco - Kman educational work among children and youth of Split, assuming that their activities will have built-in educational ideas of Ivan Bosco. The paper consists of two parts. The first part is the result of theoretical processing of available literature in Croatian and English, which refers to Bosco's biography, historical circumstances in Italy and pedagogical events in the world in the 19th century on his educational activities and legacy, among which the most important are the Preventive System in youth education and oratory. The second part is an empirical study of the educational activities of the Salesian Oratory Don Bosco - Kman in Split, which confirms the relevance of Bosco's educational ideas and gives visible ways in which it is possible in the 21st century to raise children and youth on Bosco's foundations.

У статті розглянуто процес вдосконалення якості послуги на підприємствах гостинності за допомогою анімаційної діяльності. Анімацію розглянуто як цілу галузь в готельному обслуговуванні, складова частина всього сервісу, якісного сервісу готелю. В роботі також окреслені напрямки удосконалення обслуговування в готельних підприємствах шляхом впровадження в їхню діяльність анімаційних послуг. Основною метою даної статті є аналіз чинників, що мають вплив на розвиток анімаційного обслуговування, розкрити головні функції та напрямки анімаційного обслуговування та знайти можливі нововведення у практику готельної індустрії анімаційних програм, застосовуючи досвід провідних готельних підприємств та зарубіжних країн. Проблема забезпечення якості продукції наразі є дуже актуальною, оскільки від того, як прогресивно іде її реалізація, залежить багато в розвитку певної галузі. Проте, говорячи про головні показники якості, а також можливі проблеми, що можуть виникати з випуском якісної послуги, то вони є індивідуальними для закладів готельно-ресторанного бізнесу та індустрії гостинності в цілому. Зараз в усьому світі став активно використовуватися зовсім новий напрямок ‒ анімація: вона займає важливу нішу в розвитку туризму загалом та є досить актуальною для ефективного функціонування підприємств гостинності. Організація анімації є основною частиною діяльності готельного підприємства, що виражає його високий ступінь професіоналізму. Розглядаючи анімаційне обслуговування в готелях, можна зробити висновок про те, що в сучасному світі в умовах жорсткої конкуренції на ринку туристичних послуг неможливо уявити готельний комплекс без організації в ньому анімаційної діяльності. Для того, щоб гості закладу готельно-ресторанного бізнесу різних національностей, різного віку, статків і можливостей (фізичних, інтелектуальних і т. д.) залишалися задоволені, програми анімації повинні вдосконалюватися і змінюватися протягом усього сезону за змістом, інтенсивністю, часом проведення і за іншими параметрами для повторного повернення відвідувачів до закладу гостинності. The article considers the process of improving the quality of service in hospitality enterprises through animation activities. Animation is considered as a whole industry in hotel service, an integral part of the whole service and quality hotel service. The paper also outlines areas for improving service in hotel enterprises through the introduction of animation services to their activities. The main purpose of this article is to analyze the factors influencing the development of animation services, to reveal the main functions and directions of animation services and to find possible innovations in the hotel industry animation programs, using the experience of leading hotel companies and foreign countries. The problem of product quality assurance is very important now, because much in the development of a particular industry depends on how progressive its implementation is. However, speaking about the main indicators of quality, as well as possible problems that may arise with the release of quality services, they are individual for the hotel and restaurant business and the hospitality industry in general. Now a whole new direction has been actively used all over the world - animation, it occupies an important niche in the development of tourism in general, and is quite relevant for the effective functioning of hospitality enterprises. The organization of animation is the main part of the hotel business, which expresses its high degree of professionalism. Considering the animation service in hotels, we can conclude that in today's world in conditions of fierce competition in the market of tourist services it is impossible to imagine a hotel complex without the organization of animation activities. In order for the guests of the hotel and restaurant business of different nationalities, different ages, wealth and opportunities (physical, intellectual, etc.) to remain satisfied, animation programs must be improved and changed throughout the season in content, intensity, time and other parameters for the return of visitors to the hotel.

U završnom radu se detaljno analizira turistička animacija, a posebno se obraća pažnja na sportski animacijski program u kampovima. U radu se objašnjava šta je uopće turistička animacija, kako se razvija kroz povijest te njezine vrste i oblici. Definira se animacijski program, vrste i oblici animacijskih programa su detaljno definirani. Posebno se stavlja naglasak na sportsku animaciju za odrasle u kampovima, objašljene su osnove o kampu, posebno definirane jutranje, popodnevne i večernje sportske aktivnosti u kampu. Na primjeru AC Koversade prikazan je animacijski program te se svaka aktivnost detaljnije analizira. In the final paper, the tourist animation is analyzed in details, and special attention is paid to the sports animation program in the camps. The paper explains what tourist animation is in general, how it develops through history and its types and forms. The animation program is defined, the types and forms of animation programs are defined in detail. Special emphasis is placed on sports animation for adults in the camps, the basics of the camp are explained, especially defined morning, afternoon and evening sports activities in the camps. The animation program is shown on the example of AC Koversade, and each activity is analyzed in more detail.

Artykuł porusza problematykę wybranych procesów zachodzących we współczesnej przestrzeni kulturowej naszego kraju. Zjawiska te mają ogromny wpływ na jakość integracji społecznej, poziom uczestnictwa w kulturze, kształtowanie się tożsamości i świadomości kulturowej naszych obywateli – czyli jedne z podstawowych wyznaczników projektowania i prowadzenia działalności animacyjnej w środowisku lokalnym. Ich analiza i dekonstrukcja są dla autora tekstu podstawą do prowadzenia rozważań nad kształtem tożsamości współczesnych animatorów kultury.

Balıkesir Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Turizm İşletmeciliği Ana Bilim Dalı, Bir hizmet sektörü olarak turizmde hizmet sunumu gerçekleştirilmektedir. Turizm sektöründe sunulan hizmetler arasında animasyon etkinlikleri de yer almaktadır. Animasyon etkinliklerinin sunumundan doğrudan sorumlu olan kişiler animasyon uygulayıcıları ve/veya animasyon departmanı işgöreni olarak ifade edilen animatörlerdir. Animatörler tarafından sunulan animasyon etkinlikleri ile müşteri memnuniyetinin arttırılması ve sadakatinin sağlanması, müşterilerin konaklama işletmelerinde kalış sürelerinin uzatılması, konaklama işletmesi içinde tutulmasının sağlanarak işletme içi harcamalarının arttırılması ve hoş vakit geçirmelerine katkı sağlanması amaçlanmaktadır. Özellikle müşterilerle ilgili amaçlara ulaşma konusunda müşterilerle yüz yüze ve en fazla etkileşim halinde bulunan animatörlerin kilit rol oynadıkları söylenebilmektedir. Animatörlerin müşterilerle yüz yüze etkileşim halinde olması ve araştırmalara da çok dâhil edilmemesinden dolayı literatürde sıklıkla araştırılmış olan duygusal emek, tükenmişlik, örgütsel bağlılık ve işten ayrılma niyeti değişkenlerinin animatörler açısından ele alınmasının önemli olduğu düşünülmektedir. Çünkü belirtilen amaçlara ulaşma konusunda animatörler duyguların yönetilmesi olarak ifade edilen yoğun duygusal emek kullanımına gereksinim duyabilmekte, yoğun duygusal emek kullanımı dolayısıyla da tükenmişlik yaşayabilmektedir. Aynı zamanda animatörlerin duygusal emek düzeylerinin artmasının örgütsel bağlılık düzeylerinin azalmasına ve işten ayrılma niyetlerinin artmasına; tükenmişlik düzeylerinin artmasının da örgütsel bağlılık düzeylerinin azalmasına ve işten ayrılma niyetlerinin de artmasına neden olabileceği öngörülmektedir. Bu nedenle mevcut araştırmanın amacı animatörlerin duygusal emek, tükenmişlik, örgütsel bağlılık düzeyleri ve işten ayrılma niyetleri arasındaki ilişkileri sebep-sonuç ilişkisi açısından incelemek olarak belirlenmiştir. Araştırmada 2019 Haziran-Eylül dönemleri arasında Antalya'da faaliyet gösteren konaklama işletmelerinde çalışan animatörlerin duygusal emek, tükenmişlik, örgütsel bağlılık düzeyleri ve işten ayrılma niyetleri arasındaki ilişkilerin tespit edilmesi için literatürde kabul görmüş "Duygusal Emek Ölçeği", "Maslach Tükenmişlik Ölçeği", "Örgütsel Bağlılık Ölçeği" ve "İşten Ayrılma Niyeti Ölçeği" kullanılmıştır. Dört farklı değişken için dört farklı ölçeğin ve sosyo-demografik özellikleri belirlemek için 6, animatörlük mesleğiyle ilgili özellikleri belirlemek için ise 12 sorunun yer aldığı anket formu profesyonel anketörler tarafından kolayda örnekleme yöntemiyle ulaşılan 400 animatöre uygulanmıştır. Elde edilen verilerin analizleri sonucunda, animatörlerin duygusal emek, tükenmişlik, örgütsel bağlılık düzeylerinin ve işten ayrılma niyetlerinin sosyo-demografik ve animatörlük mesleğiyle ilgili özellikler kapsamında ele alınan değişkenlerden bazılarına göre farklılıklar gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir. Sürekli değişkenler arasındaki ilişkileri tespit etmek amacıyla yapılmış korelasyon analizi sonucunda değişkenler arasında bazıları istatistiksel olarak anlamlı, bazıları ise istatistiksel olarak anlamlı olmayan ilişkilerin bulunduğu gözlemlenmiştir. Sürekli değişkenler arasındaki ilişkileri sebep-sonuç ilişkisi açısından incelemek için yapılmış YEM analizi sonucunda da istatistiksel açıdan anlamlı bulgular elde edilmiştir. Yapılmış analizler sonucunda elde edilmiş bulgulardan hareketle araştırmanın sonucu açıklanmıştır. Son olarak ise sonuç doğrultusunda önerilere yer verilmiştir., As a service sector, tourism mainly provides services to customers. Among the services offered in the tourism sector, animation activities occupy a significant place as well. People directly responsible for entertainment activities are animators who are referred to as entertainment practitioners and/or entertaining staff. The entertainment activities offered by the animators aim to increase customer satisfaction and loyalty, to extend the length of stay of the customers in the accommodation establishments, to increase expenses of customers in the accommodation establishment and to help them to have a pleasant time. It can be said that animators, who are in a face to face communication and interact with the customers the most, play a key role in achieving the goals related to the customers. It is believed that it is important to address the variables of emotional labor, burnout, organizational commitment, and intention to quit, which have been frequently researched in the literature, from the perspective of animators as they have not been included in research although they are the ones who establish face to face communication with the customers. This is because in order to achieve the goals determined, animators may need to use intense emotional labour, which is called emotion management, and because of emotional labour use, they may experience burnout. At the same time, it is envisaged that the increase in the level of emotional labour of animators may cause a decrease in their organizational commitment levels and an increase in their turnover intention and that increasing levels of burnout may decrease their organizational commitment levels and increase their turnover intention. Hence, the aim of this study was to determine the relationships between animators' emotional labour, burnout, organizational commitment andturnover intention. In this study, "Emotional Labour Scale", "Maslach Burnout Inventory", "Organizational Commitment Scale" and "Turnover Intention Scale" that are accepted in the literature were used to determine the relationships between the emotional labour, burnout, organizational commitment levels and turnover intention of the animators working in accommodation establishments in Antalya between June and September 2019. Four different scales for four different variables and a questionnaire consisting of six questions to determine socio-demographic characteristics and 12 questions to determine characteristics related to the animating profession were applied to 400 animators identified through easy sampling method by professional surveyors. As a result of the analysis of the data obtained, it was found that the animators' levels of emotional labour, burnout, organizational commitment and turnover intention differed according to some of the variables discussed in terms of socio-demographic and characteristics of animating profession. As a result of the correlation analysis conducted to determine the relationships between continuous variables, some statistically significant and some statistically insignificant relationships were observed between the variables. Statistically significant findings were obtained as a result of SEM analysis conducted to examine the relationships between continuous variables in terms of cause-effect relationship. Based on the findings obtained from the analyses, the result of the research was interpreted. Finally, suggestions were made in line with the results., Bu çalışma Balıkesir Üniversitesi Rektörlüğü Bilimsel Araştırma Projesi Birimi tarafından BAP 2018/101 numaralı proje ile desteklenmiştir.

Artykuł omawia cywilizacyjny kontekst powstania animacji społeczno--kulturalnej i jej dawne uwarunkowania, wskazując na rozwój jej zadań i funkcji. Animacja to dziejąca się zmiana w grupach i społecznościach lokalnych, będąca nerwem demokracji i społeczeństwa obywatelskiego. Artykuł kończy uzasadnienie jej potrzeby w skomplikowanej sytuacji funkcjonowania człowieka w zglobalizowanym świecie., The article discusses the civilizational context of the development of sociocultural animation and its former determinants, indicating the evolution of its tasks and functions. Animation means a change which takes place in groups and local communities, becoming the nerve center of democracy and civic society. The article ends with a justification of the need for animation in the complex situation that man finds himself in when functioning in today’s globalized world.

W artykule omówiono cywilizacyjny kontekst powstania animacji społeczno-kulturalnej i jej uwarunkowania, wskazując na rozwój jej zadań i funkcji. Animacja to dziejąca się zmiana w grupach i społecznościach lokalnych, będąca nerwem demokracji i społeczeństwa obywatelskiego. Artykuł kończą wyniki badań środowiska wiejskiego., The article has discussed the civilizational context of the creation of sociocultural animation, its determinant factors, indicating the development of its tasks and functions. Animation means a change which takes place in groups and local communities, becoming the nerve of democracy and civic society. The article ends with results of rural environment research.

The development of family leisure activities in the hotel and restaurant businesses with consideration of psychological and pedagogical aspects of animation activity is an actual task facing modern managers. The purpose of the study is to substantiate the relevance and identify the psychological and pedagogical aspects for designing a program of leisure activities in animation service. The challenge is to substantiate the need for a psychological and pedagogical approach to the work of a manager who develops and performs animation activities in the hospitality industry, as well as to show the impact of the animation service on the quality of service. The factors influencing the formation of animation services are analysed in the article; the main functions and trends of animation activity are highlighted; the ways of introducing animation programs into the domestic tourism activity are identified. The tourism industry development in the general infrastructure of the hospitality industry will help solve various problems: upbringing, culture developing, strength-recreating, mood raising, creating a unique recreation program to attract more guests.

Katecheza inicjacyjna obejmuje różne formy nauczania i wychowania prowadzące do przygotowania do przyjęcia sakramentów wtajemniczenia chrześcijańskiego. Ten rodzaj katechezy jest realizowany w ramach programu Młodzi na progu jako materiał do pracy z młodymi ludźmi przygotowującymi się do sakramentu bierzmowania w swoich parafiach. Jest to swoisty sposób by odpowiedzieć na pytanie: Jak pomóc bierzmowanym pozostać w Kościele i być Kościołem? Zasadniczym celem programu jest zachęcenie uczestników spotkań formacyjnych do pracy nad własnym rozwojem, zarówno intelektualnym, jak i duchowym. W tym programie najbardziej dominującymi aspektami są aspekty egzystencjalne, kerygmatyczne i mistagogiczne. Oznacza to, że program stara się budzić wiarę i towarzyszyć młodym ludziom w ich przygotowaniu do przyjęcia sakramentu. Współczesna katecheza powinna być katechezą o życiu, które „nie tylko daje pomysły, ale również towarzyszy nam w naszej pielgrzymce” (Franciszek, Evangelii gaudium, 156-175)., Initiatory catechesis includes different forms of teaching and upbringing leading to the preparation for receiving the sacraments of Christian initiation. This type of catechesis is realized by the programme Youth on the threshold as materiał for work with young peoplc preparing in their parish for the sacrament of confirmation. It is a unique way of answering the ąuestion: How to help the confirmands remain in the Church and be the Church? A crucial purpose of the programme is to encourage the members of formative meetings to work on their own human development, both intellectual and spiritual. In this programme, the most dominant are existential, kerygmatic and mystagogic aspects, which means it arouses faith and tries to accompany young people in their preparation for receiving the sacrament. Contemporary catechesis should be the catechesis of life which “not only gives ideas but also accompanies us in our pilgrimage” (Francis, Evangelii gaudium, 156-175).

Za animaciju u turizmu može se reći kako prodaje doživljaje i stvara uspomene, a skup je usluga kojima se zadovoljavaju potrebe i želje turista, dok su ponuđeni programi dio turističke ponude kao osnova za poticanje sve veće turističke potrošnje. Gosti osim dobre destinacije, žele i kvalitetan i uzbudljiv sadržaj, a animacije su idealan način da se gostima to i pruži. Animatori i animacijski timovi su zaduženi za aktivnije, smislenije, atraktivnije načine formiranja i prezentiranja turističke ponude te svakako doprinose ugodnijem i zabavnijem boravku turista, ali i većoj potrošnji. It’s well known that tourist animation sell experiences and create memories, and it is a package of services that meet the needs and wishes of tourists, while its programs are part of the tourist offer which goal is to increase tourist consumption. Besides the attractiveness of your destination, guests also prefer a high quality and exciting tourist offer, and animation is an ideal way to provide guests an interesting program that will meet their needs. Animators and animation teams are responsible for more active, meaningful, attractive ways of creating and presenting a tourist offer, and certainly contribute to a more enjoyable and entertaining holiday for all tourists, as well as to an increase in tourist consumption.

Dissertação de Mestrado, Educação e Formação, especialização em Formação e Intervenção Educativa com Crianças e Jovens, 29 de março de 2019, Universidade dos Açores. O presente estudo, realizado no âmbito da Dissertação de Mestrado, teve como propósito evidenciar e refletir sobre o papel e o lugar do animador na Educação Infantojuvenil em dois tipos de instituições diferentes, escolares e não escolares. Para tal foram selecionadas oito instituições, duas escolares e seis não escolares, distribuídas de igual modo por dois concelhos da Ilha de São Miguel, contando-se com dois intervenientes por cada instituição, isto é, um com papel de chefia e outro de animador, ou equivalente. De modo a recolher as perceções de 15 indivíduos sobre o tema em estudo – o papel e lugar do animador na educação –, foram elaboradas entrevistas semiestruturadas, que depois de aplicadas individualmente pela investigadora a cada participante, de acordo com a sua função na entidade, foram transcritas e analisadas com o auxílio do programa Weft QDA, versão 1.0.1. De modo a enriquecermos as nossas reflexões sobre o tema, recorremos a vários autores fundamentais no estudo sobre a animação e o animador e, também, a alguns documentos nacionais que, para além de enquadrarem a animação e a profissão do animador, permitiram fazer uma primeira contextualização da figura do animador nas instituições estudadas no nosso trabalho, um estudo de (multi)casos, realizado numa ilha da Região Autónoma dos Açores. Neste sentido, constatámos que a animação, nos últimos anos, tem despertado diversos interesses, por ser encarada como uma referência chave para a melhoria de intervenções educativas e sociais, dentro das instituições não escolares. Concluímos com este nosso estudo que, independentemente da localidade e da instituição, é consensual entre os nossos participantes a importância do animador nas suas instituições, escolares e não escolares. Estes assumem-se como uma mais-valia pelo papel nas equipas de trabalho, no contacto e mediação com o envolvimento e, sobretudo junto dos educandos, pela sua intervenção lúdico-pedagógica, facilitando as suas aprendizagens e motivando-os para o sucesso educativo, estando de acordo com o previsto pela APDASC, associação que desde 2005 organiza iniciativas que contribuem para o desenvolvimento da Animação Sociocultural em Portugal e para o reconhecimento da profissão de Animador Sociocultural. ABSTRACT: The purpose of the present study was to present and reflect on the role and place of the animator in Child and Adolescent Education in two different types of institutions, schools and non - school institutions. To that end, eight institutions were selected, two schools and six non-schools, equally distributed by two municipalities of the Island of São Miguel, with two participants from each institution, that is one with a leading role and another as an animator, or equivalent. In order to collect the perceptions of 15 individuals on the subject under study - the role and place of the animator in education, semi-structured interviews were elaborated, which, after being individually applied by the researcher to each participant, according to their role in the organization, were transcribed and analyzed with the help of the program Weft QDA version 1.0.1. In order to enrich our reflections on the subject, we have appealed to a number of key authors in the study on animation and animator, as well as some national documents which, in addition to framing the animation and the profession of the animator, allowed us to make a first contextualization of the figure of the animator in the institutions studied in our work, a study of (multi)cases, carried out on an island of the Autonomous Region of the Azores. In this sense, we have seen that animation in recent years has aroused diverse interests, since it is seen as a key reference for the improvement of educational and social interventions within non-school institutions. We conclude with our study that, regardless of locality and institution, the importance of the animator in their institutions, both school and non-school. These are assumed as an added value for the role in the work teams, in the contact and mediation with the involvement and, especially with the students, for their playful-pedagogic intervention, facilitating their learning and motivating them for educational success, being in agreement with the predicted by the APDASC, association that from 2005 organizes initiatives that contribute for the development of the Sociocultural Animation in Portugal and for the recognition of the profession of Sociocultural Animator.

The thesis focuses on the development of youth pastoral care in the diocese of Ceske Budejovice in the last 10 years. The most important part of this thesis is the description of individual activities that were held for the youth in the diocese of Ceske Budejovice in 2008 - 2018 and the folowing evalution of interviews held with staff of DCM and DCŽM.

U ovom radu je detaljno opisana izrada računalne igre za više igrača u Unity Engine-u. Postoje dva igriva lika koji svaki ima svoj set kontrola. Cilj igre je skupljati pojačanja koja se stvore uništavanjem blokova i poraziti protivnika. Igrači se mogu kretati gore-dolje, lijevo-desno i imaju sposobnost bacanja bombi. Svaki igrač ima tri seta animacija i objašnjeno je kako upravljati animacijama kako bi se dobio vjerni izgled kretanja lika. Objašnjen je princip rada svake skripte i objašnjena je izrada funkcionalnog korisničko sučelja. Programski jezik korišten za izradu skripti je C#. In this final paper, the process of making 2.5D multiplayer computer game is described in detail. The main tool used for making this game is Unity Engine, and the programming language used is C#. At the beginning we briefly explained what Unity is and what it is intended for, as well as certain additions that Unity has implemented to help ease the work for the users of this tool. The main part of this article explains every step of the game's development, from animation to program code, where each part of the code is explained how it works. To create this game, you need to know how to use the Unity interface, the C# programming language, and have advanced knowledge of object-oriented programming. It is also necessary to have a basic knowledge of the vectors because they are used for game physics and certain logic. This final work represents the skeleton of the classic Bomberman game with making it easy to add new functionalities such as more levels and players.