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In the present study, the effect of 6-((4-fluorophenyl) selanyl)-9H-purine (FSP) was tested against memory impairment and sensitivity to nociception induced by intracerebroventricular injection of amyloid-beta peptide (Aβ) (25-35 fragment), 3 nmol/3 μl/per site in mice. Memory impairment was determined by the object recognition task (ORT) and nociception by the Von-Frey test (VFT). Aβ caused neuroinflammation with upregulation of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) (in hippocampus), nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), and the proinflammatory cytokines interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in cerebral cortex and hippocampus. Additionally, Aβ increased oxidant levels and lipid peroxidation in cerebral cortex and hippocampus, but decreased heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and peroxiredoxin-1 (Prdx1) expression in the hippocampus. Anti-neuroinflammatory effects of FSP were demonstrated by a decrease in the expression of GFAP and NF-κB in the hippocampus, as well as a decrease in proinflammatory cytokines in both the hippocampus and cerebral cortex FSP protected against oxidative stress by decreasing oxidant levels and lipid peroxidation and by increasing HO-1 and Prdx1 expressions in the hippocampus of mice. Moreover, FSP prevented the activation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf-2) in the hippocampus of mice induced by Aβ. In conclusion, treatment with FSP attenuated memory impairment, nociception sensitivity by decreasing oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease.

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is one of the most common neuropsychiatric disorders with high rates of prevalence and mortality. MDD is pathophysiologically complex, and treatment options are limited. Blueberries are rich in polyphenols and have neuroprotective potential. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of blueberry extract on neuroinflammatory and neuroplasticity parameters, as well as Na

The “new normality” and the growing uncertainty that the world faces determine the development of different business and innovative ways of work. To this end, a new mindset and new competences are required to the actors that will participate in these new social and business contexts. Higher Education will certainly have its role in shaping this mindset and competences of the future managers who should be able to participate in the co-creation of value propositions for companies. The project COTADAS (CO-creation To Analyses and Development of Strategic Scenarios) aims to contribute to the training of these future managers. The project aims to analyse and develop strategic scenarios that facilitate intelligent and sustainable value propositions, through digital and intelligent tools. Supported in a multidisciplinary approach and using innovative methodologies, it is intended to facilitate the acquisition of knowledge in less attractive areas for students, namely the areas of finance, revealing how this knowledge can leverage emerging and important areas of knowledge such as innovation, entrepreneurship, and sustainability. The objective of this article is to describe and evaluate the COTADAS project, developed in two Higher Education Institutes (Polytechnic Institute of Setúbal and Federal Institute of Santa Catarina) with Portuguese and Brazilian students. This study is structured in two main parts. In the first part we present a theoretical approach and in the second part we describe the project and the results of the assessment. A questionnaire was applied to participants to evaluate the degree of satisfaction with the project and its impact on entrepreneurial skills. The results revealed a high degree of student’s satisfaction, as well as a valuable impact on the acquisition and development of entrepreneurial skills. Several advantages in participating in COTADAS were pointed out as well as some possible improvements that can enrich the next project edition. Finally, the results allowed us to understand that both successes and failures were important aspects in the students' learning and personal growth.

Diversas biotécnicas vem sendo utilizadas para a preservação de material genético e manutenção a medio e longo prazo de gametas e embrioes de elevado valor genético, contribuindo para o avanço das estratégias para produção pecuária. O processo de vitrificação de oocitos bovinos é uma delas, entretanto com aplicação ainda restrita, pois durante o processo podem ocorrer varias crio injurias. Afim de reduzir os danos causados pelo congelamento de oócitos e melhorar as taxas de clivagem e desenvolvimento embrionário obtidas no cultivo in vitro, utilizou-se a exposição a Y-27632, um inibidor seletivo de quinases de proteínas específicas associadas com Rho durante o estágio de pós-aquecimento. Nosso estudo demonstrou que a utilização de Y-27632 em oocitos bovinos maturados e submetidos a vitrificação promoveu taxas mais elevadas de sobrevivência bem como maior número de embriões atingindo o etágio de blastocisto.

Sustainable and highly proton conductive nanopapers were prepared from carboxycellulose nanofibers and applied in PEM fuel cells.

Biodiversity is commonly referred to as the biological diversity and variety of life forms, but these organisms should not be observed individually, but rather as a complex and functional structure that interacts with each other. Educating citizens from an early age to know the biodiversity of their region and then helping to conserve, preserve and protect it is a very important process. Our objective was to analyze the knowledge of students in the last year of high school on the topic of regional biodiversity. It is a qualitative and quantitative research, carried out in three schools, in three different municipalities, with 65 students. Among the three levels of biodiversity, students know the diversity of species. Most of them conceptualize native and endemic species, but do not know how to conceptualize exotic species. In general, they understand that the great importance of biodiversity is ecological balance and that the loss of biodiversity will lead to ecological imbalance. Native species, cited more frequently, are species present in urban areas and students with more contact with nature cite, on average, a greater number of species, indicating the importance of rescuing contact with nature. La biodiversidad se conoce comúnmente como la diversidad biológica y la variedad de formas de vida, pero estos organismos no deben observarse individualmente, sino como una estructura compleja y funcional que interactúa entre sí. Educar a los ciudadanos desde temprana edad para que conozcan la biodiversidad de su región y luego ayudar a conservarla, preservarla y protegerla es un proceso muy importante. Nuestro objetivo fue analizar los conocimientos de los estudiantes del último año de secundaria sobre el tema de la biodiversidad regional. Es una investigación cualitativa y cuantitativa, realizada en tres escuelas, en tres municipios diferentes, con 65 alumnos. Entre los tres niveles de biodiversidad, los alumnos conocen la diversidad de especies. La mayoría conceptualiza especies nativas y endémicas, pero no sabe conceptualizar especies exóticas. En general, entienden que la gran importancia de la biodiversidad es el equilibrio ecológico y que la pérdida de biodiversidad conducirá al desequilibrio ecológico. Las especies nativas, citadas con mayor frecuencia, son especies presentes en áreas urbanas y los estudiantes con más contacto con la naturaleza citan, en promedio, un mayor número de especies, lo que indica la importancia de rescatar el contacto con la naturaleza. A biodiversidade comumente é referenciada como a diversidade biológica e variedade de formas de vida, porém esses organismos não devem ser observados de uma forma individual, mas sim como uma estrutura complexa e funcional que interage entre si. Educar o cidadão desde cedo para conhecer a biodiversidade da sua região e então ajudar a conservá-la, preservá-la e protegê-la é um processo importantíssimo. Nosso objetivo foi analisar o conhecimento dos estudantes do último ano do Ensino Médio sobre o tema biodiversidade regional. É uma pesquisa qualitativa e quantitativa, realizada em três escolas, de três municípios distintos, com 65 estudantes. Dentre os três níveis da biodiversidade, os estudantes conhecem a diversidade de espécies. A maioria deles conceitua espécies nativas e endêmicas, mas não sabe conceituar espécies exóticas. De forma geral eles entendem que a grande importância da biodiversidade é o equilíbrio ecológico e que a perda da biodiversidade levará ao desequilíbrio ecológico. As espécies nativas, citadas com mais frequência, são espécies presentes nas áreas urbanas e os estudantes com mais contato com a natureza citam, em média, um número maior de espécies, indicando a importância de resgatar o contato com a natureza.

O artigo em questão tabula e analisa o Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA) a partir de análise documental das teses e dissertações que foram produzidos dentro dos programas de pós-graduação stricto sensu, tendo TEA como objeto de pesquisa, entre os anos de 2011 e 2020, por meio da plataforma BDTD. Para tal, foi utilizado a fundamentação teórica amparada no Manual Diagnóstico e Estatístico de Transtornos Mentais (DSM-V), e contribuições de Oliveira (2009), dentre outras. Na contextualização teórica apresentamos a definição dos eixos orientadores. A metodologia competiu análise de documentos oficiais, que são as teses e dissertações, defendidas no Brasil devem compor obrigatoriamente a plataforma Ibict. E concluímos, que se faz urgente a necessidade de aprofundar e incentivar pesquisas a nível de pós-graduação stricto sensu para melhorar o diagnóstico e acompanhamento de sujeitos com quadro diagnóstico de TEA.

Roundup Transorb® (RDT) is a glyphosate-based herbicide commonly used in agricultural practices worldwide. This herbicide exerts negative effects on the aquatic ecosystem and affects bioenergetic and detoxification pathways, oxidative stress, and cell damage in marine organisms. These effects might also occur at the transcriptional level; however, the expression of genes associated with oxidative stress has not been studied well. Odontesthes humensis is a native Brazilian aquatic species naturally distributed in the habitats affected by pesticides, including Roundup Transorb® (RDT). This study evaluated the toxic effects of short-term exposure to RDT on O. humensis. Moreover, the genes related to oxidative stress were sequenced and characterized, and their expressions in the gills, hepatopancreas, kidneys, and brain of the fish were quantified by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. The animals were exposed to two environmentally relevant concentrations of RDT (2.07 and 3.68 mg L−1) for 24 h. Lipid peroxidation, reactive oxygen species (ROS), DNA damage, and apoptosis in erythrocytes were quantified by flow cytometry. The expression of the target genes was modulated in most tissues in the presence of the highest tested concentration of RDT. In erythrocytes, the levels of lipid peroxidation, ROS, and DNA damage were increased in the presence of both the concentrations of RDT, whereas cell apoptosis was increased in the group exposed to 3.68 mg L−1 RDT. In conclusion, acute exposure to RDT caused oxidative stress in the fish, induced negative effects on cells, and modulated the expression of genes related to the enzymatic antioxidant system in O. humensis. Fil: Martins, Amanda Weege S.. Universidade Federal de Pelotas; Brasil Fil: Silveira, Tony L. R.. Universidade Federal de Pelotas; Brasil. Universidade Federal do Rio Grande; Brasil Fil: Remião, Mariana H.. Universidade Federal de Pelotas; Brasil Fil: Domingues, William Borges. Universidade Federal de Pelotas; Brasil Fil: Dellagostin, Eduardo N.. Universidade Federal de Pelotas; Brasil Fil: Varela Junior, Antônio Sergio. Universidade Federal do Rio Grande; Brasil. Universidade Federal de Pelotas; Brasil Fil: Corcini, Carine D.. Universidade Federal de Pelotas; Brasil Fil: Costa, Patrícia G.. Universidade Federal do Rio Grande; Brasil Fil: Bianchini, Adalto. Universidade Federal do Rio Grande; Brasil Fil: Somoza, Gustavo Manuel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas. Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas "Dr. Raúl Alfonsín" (sede Chascomús). Universidad Nacional de San Martín. Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas. Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas "Dr. Raúl Alfonsín" (sede Chascomús); Argentina Fil: Robaldo, Ricardo B.. Universidade Federal de Pelotas; Brasil Fil: Campos, Vinicius Farias. Universidade Federal de Pelotas; Brasil

The species of the genus Trypanosoma are carried and transmitted by horseflies parasitizing a high diversity of vertebrates. In the Coastal Plain of Rio Grande do Sul, southern Brazil, Tabanus triangulum is the most abundant species and, similarly to the other species of horseflies, there is little knowledge about its vector competence. Therefore, this study aimed to screen the field-collected T. triangulum for the presence of Trypanosoma, to estimate infectivity. Horseflies were sampled by the Malaise trap in the forest fragments at the coastal plain and DNA was extracted from whole body flies. The Polymerase Chain Reaction was performed. Horseflies presented amplification of 18S ribosomal gene-specific of Trypanosoma species. DNA sequencing and phylogenetic analysis positioned the strains in the Kaiowa clade with Trypanosoma kaiowa, associated with the crocodilian clade of Trypanosoma. This study represents the first report of the presence of the Tr. kaiowa in T. triangulum and the expansion of the parasite's range further south in South America.

Anaplasma marginale is transmitted biologically by infected ticks or mechanically by biting flies and contaminated fomites. In tick-free areas, such southern Uruguay, horseflies could be the principal vectors of this pathogen to bovines, causing anaplasmosis occurrence. Therefore, the objective of this work was to detect the presence of A. marginale by MSP-5 PCR and Sanger sequencing in the most prevalent species of horseflies using different collection methods in the localities of Colonia, Taquarembó and Paysandú, Uruguay. Eight horsefly species were tested (Dasybasis missionum, Poeciloderas lindneri, Tabanus campestris, T. claripennis, T. fuscofasciatus, T. platensis, T. tacuaremboensis and T. triangulum); four species were found positive for A. marginale, with D. missionum and P. lindneri having the most frequent infections, while only one individual each of T. fuscofasciatus and T. tacuaremboensis was positive. Both D. missionum and P. lindneri were positive for A. marginale in tick-free areas, with implications that are discussed in this report.

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a worldwide problem, and there are currently no treatments that can stop this disease. To investigate the binding affinity of 6-((4-fluorophenyl) selanyl)-9H-purine (FSP) with acetylcholinesterase (AChE), to verify the effects of FSP in an AD model in mice and to evaluate the toxicological potential of this compound in mice. The binding affinity of FSP with AChE was investigated by molecular docking analyses. The AD model was induced by streptozotocin (STZ) in Swiss mice after FSP treatment (1 mg/kg, intragastrically (i.g.)), 1st-10th day of the experimental protocol. Anxiety was evaluated in an elevated plus maze test, and memory impairment was evaluated in the Y-maze, object recognition and step-down inhibitory avoidance tasks. The cholinergic system was investigated based on by looking at expression and activity of AChE and expression of choline acetyltransferase (ChAT). We evaluated expression and activity of Na+/K+-ATPase. For toxicological analysis, animals received FSP (300 mg/kg, i.g.) and aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase activities were determined in plasma and δ-aminolevulinate dehydratase activity in brain and liver. FSP interacts with residues of the AChE active site. FSP mitigated the induction of anxiety and memory impairment caused by STZ. FSP protected cholinergic system dysfunction and reduction of activity and expression of Na+/K+-ATPase. FSP did not modify toxicological parameters evaluated and did not cause the death of mice. FSP protected against anxiety, learning and memory impairment with involvement of the cholinergic system and Na+/K+-ATPase in these actions.