64 results on '"Tsuduki T"'
Search Results
2. A Phase II Study of FOLFIRI Plus Ziv-Aflibercept After Trifluridine/Tipiracil Plus Bevacizumab in Patients with Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: WJOG 11018G.
- Author
-
Matsumoto T, Yamamoto Y, Kotaka M, Masuishi T, Tsuji Y, Shoji H, Hirata K, Tsuduki T, Makiyama A, Izawa N, Takahashi N, Tsuda M, Yasui H, Ohta T, Kito Y, Otsu S, Hironaka S, Yamazaki K, Boku N, Hyodo I, Yoshimura K, and Muro K
- Subjects
- Aged, Female, Humans, Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols pharmacology, Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols therapeutic use, Bevacizumab pharmacology, Bevacizumab therapeutic use, Biomarkers, Irinotecan therapeutic use, Leucovorin pharmacology, Leucovorin therapeutic use, Placenta Growth Factor therapeutic use, Trifluridine pharmacology, Trifluridine therapeutic use, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A, Colonic Neoplasms drug therapy, Colorectal Neoplasms pathology, Frontotemporal Dementia drug therapy, Pyrrolidines, Receptors, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor, Recombinant Fusion Proteins, Thymine
- Abstract
Background: Non-inferiority of trifluridine/tipiracil (FTD/TPI) plus bevacizumab (BEV) to irinotecan/fluoropyrimidine plus BEV in metastatic colorectal cancer was investigated in the phase III TRUSTY study, and we conducted a phase II study of FOLFIRI (5-FU+leucovorin+irinotecan) plus zib-aflibercept (AFL) after FTD/TPI plus BEV. However, the TRUSTY study failed during the recruitment of our patients., Objective: We present the findings of a phase II study on the efficacy of FOLFIRI plus zib-aflibercept (AFL) after FTD/TPI plus BEV, including clinical results with plasma biomarker analyses., Methods: This was a multicenter, single-arm, phase II study in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer refractory or intolerant to oxaliplatin, fluoropyrimidine, BEV, and FTD/TPI. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival. Fifteen plasma angiogenesis-associated biomarkers were analyzed using a Luminex
® multiplex assay U-kit., Results: Between January 2020 and May 2022, 26 patients (median age, 68 years) from 15 sites were enrolled. The median progression-free survival was 4.9 months (85% confidence interval, 3.4 month-not estimated). The overall response and disease control rates were 8% and 62%, respectively. The median levels of vascular endothelial growth factor-A and placental growth factor, both targets of AFL, were below the measurable limit of 30 pg/mL and 16 pg/mL, respectively. Patients were divided into two groups at the median levels of baseline biomarkers. The progression-free survival did not differ between high and low expressers of placental growth factor (p = 0.7), while it tended to be shorter in those with high levels of osteopontin (p = 0.05), angiopoietin-2 (p = 0.07), and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 (p = 0.1)., Conclusions: This study did not meet the primary endpoint. Hence, FOLFIRI plus AFL should not be used after FTD/TPI plus BEV for metastatic colorectal cancer. Further studies are needed to determine factors not targeted by AFL that may affect the efficacy of the treatment., Clinical Trial Registration: jRCTs041190100., (© 2024. The Author(s).)- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Author Correction: Regorafenib is suitable for advanced colorectal cancer patients who have previously received trifluridine/tipiracil plus bevacizumab.
- Author
-
Matsumoto T, Ikoma T, Yamamura S, Miura K, Tsuduki T, Watanabe T, Nagai H, Takatani M, and Yasui H
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Regorafenib is suitable for advanced colorectal cancer patients who have previously received trifluridine/tipiracil plus bevacizumab.
- Author
-
Matsumoto T, Ikoma T, Yamamura S, Miura K, Tsuduki T, Watanabe T, Nagai H, Takatani M, and Yasui H
- Subjects
- Humans, Male, Adult, Middle Aged, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Female, Bevacizumab adverse effects, Retrospective Studies, Uracil therapeutic use, Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols adverse effects, Thymine therapeutic use, Phenylurea Compounds adverse effects, Pyrrolidines therapeutic use, Drug Combinations, Trifluridine therapeutic use, Colorectal Neoplasms drug therapy, Colorectal Neoplasms genetics
- Abstract
Regorafenib is a standard salvage line therapy used for advanced colorectal cancer (CRC). Recently, trifluridine/tipiracil (TFTD) plus bevacizumab also showed promising efficacy as a salvage line therapy for advanced CRC. However, the efficacy and safety of regorafenib for patients with advanced CRC who have previously received TFTD plus bevacizumab is unclear. We retrospectively collected clinicopathologic data from patients with advanced CRC who received regorafenib after TFTD plus bevacizumab in multiple institutions between April 2017 and June 2020.Thirty-four advanced CRC patients who received regorafenib were analyzed. The median age was 66.5 (range 43-81 years), 11 patients were male, and all had an ECOG performance status(PS) of 0 or 1. Twenty-two patients had left-sided tumors, 18 patients had RAS mutants, and 1 patient had a BRAF V600E mutation. The response rate was 0%, and the disease control rate was 31%. The median progression-free survival was 70 days (95% CI: 56-91), and the overall survival was 233 days (95% CI: 188-324). Treatment was discontinued in 32 patients, and 28 (82%) discontinued treatment due to progressive disease. The major grade 3 and4 toxicities were proteinurea (29%), hypertension (26%), hand-foot syndrome(15%), and platelet decrease (6%). Regorafenib after TFTD plus bevacizumab showed efficacy similar to that of the previous study, and no new adverse events were observed., (© 2023. The Author(s).)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Dietary oleic acid contributes to the regulation of food intake through the synthesis of intestinal oleoylethanolamide.
- Author
-
Igarashi M, Iwasa K, Hayakawa T, Tsuduki T, Kimura I, Maruyama K, and Yoshikawa K
- Subjects
- Mice, Animals, Diet, Fatty Acids, Eating physiology, Oleic Acid pharmacology, Endocannabinoids metabolism
- Abstract
Introduction: Among the fatty acid ethanolamides (FAEs), oleoylethanolamide (OEA), linoleoylethanolamide (LEA), and palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) are reported to be involved in feeding regulation. In particular, OEA is well characterized as a satiety signal. Following food consumption, OEA is synthesized from oleic acid (OA) via an N -acyl phosphatidylethanolamine-specific phospholipase D-dependent pathway in the gastroenterocytes, and OEA induces satiety by recruiting sensory fibers. Thus, we hypothesized that dietary OA is an important satiety-inducing molecule. However, there has been no direct demonstration of the effect of dietary OA on satiety induction without the influence of the endogenous biosynthesis of OA from stearic acid (SA) or other FAEs., Methods: In this study, we used two experimental diets to test our hypothesis: (i) an OA diet (OAD; 38.4 mg of OA/g and 7.2 mg of SA/g) and (ii) a low OA diet (LOAD; 3.1 mg of OA/g and 42.4 mg of SA/g)., Results: Relative to mice fed the OAD, mice fed the LOAD for two weeks exhibited reduced levels of jejunal OEA but not jejunal LEA and PEA. The LOAD-fed mice showed an increase in food intake and body weight gain. Moreover, LOAD-induced increase in food intake was immediately observed after the switch from the OAD, whereas these effects were diminished by the switch back to the OAD. Furthermore, treatment with OA and OEA diminished the effects of LOAD on food intake., Conclusion: Collectively, these results show that dietary OA is a key factor in the reduction of food intake and increase in satiety mediated by OEA signaling., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2023 Igarashi, Iwasa, Hayakawa, Tsuduki, Kimura, Maruyama and Yoshikawa.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Risk factors and efficacy outcomes of early-onset severe neutropenia due to paclitaxel or nanoparticle albumin-bound paclitaxel combined with ramucirumab in advanced gastric cancer: a multicenter retrospective cohort study.
- Author
-
Hagiwara Y, Nakasya A, Matsumoto T, Ikoma T, Yamamoto Y, Kurioka Y, Tsuduki T, Kajiwara T, Nishina T, Yamashita N, Moriwaki T, and Hyodo I
- Abstract
Background: Paclitaxel or nanoparticle albumin-bound paclitaxel combined with ramucirumab (PTX/nab-PTX + RAM) is widely used as second-line chemotherapy for advanced gastric cancer (AGC), but severe neutropenia often develops with this regimen. Although previous studies have reported that severe neutropenia is a favorable prognostic factor in cancer chemotherapy, it is unclear in AGC patients receiving PTX/nab-PTX + RAM. In addition, the risk factors for early-onset of severe neutropenia (EOSN) still remain unknown., Methods: Among patients with AGC treated with PTX/nab-PTX (on day 1, 8, and 15) + RAM (on day 1 and 15) every 4 weeks as second-line therapy from January 2017 to June 2020, those with grade 0 or 1 neutropenia before the treatment were retrospectively studied. Blood tests were performed on the day of treatment each time, and disease progression was primarily determined by computed tomography every 8±2 weeks. EOSN was defined as grade 4 neutropenia that occurred during the first 28 days. The risk factors for EOSN were investigated using multivariate logistic regression analysis. Progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in patients with and without EOSN were investigated using multivariate analysis with a Cox proportional hazards model., Results: The clinical data of 244 patients were analyzed. EOSN was observed in 51 (20.9%) patients. Multivariate analysis identified the following five risk factors for EOSN: age ≥65 years [odds ratio (OR), 2.75], presence of primary tumor (OR, 2.82), presence of peritoneal metastasis (OR, 2.52), grade 1 neutropenia (OR, 3.32), and high serum level of alkaline phosphatase (OR, 2.34). The PFS was significantly longer in patients with EOSN than in those without EOSN [adjusted hazard ratio (HR), 0.61; 95% CI, 0.41-0.92] and the OS tended to be longer in patients with EOSN than in those without EOSN (adjusted HR, 0.73; 95% CI, 0.47-1.12). HR was adjusted with patient background factors and blood test data considered important as predictive or prognostic factors., Conclusions: EOSN may be associated with favorable outcomes in patients with AGC treated with PTX/nab-PTX + RAM. We should carefully try to treat them keeping the risk factors in mind., Competing Interests: Conflicts of Interest: All authors have completed the ICMJE uniform disclosure form (available at https://jgo.amegroups.com/article/view/10.21037/jgo-22-499/coif). TM received honoraria for lectures from Chugai, Takeda, Yakult, Taiho, Ono, Daiichi-Sankyo, Bristol Myers Squibb, Lilly, and Merck Serano. YY received honoraria for lectures from Sanofi, Nihon Kayaku, Eisai, Bayer, Lilly, Taiho, Daiichi Sankyo, Yakult, Nihon Servier, Asahi Kasei, and Ono. TK received honoraria for lectures from Taiho, Chugai, Ono, and Lilly. TN received honoraria for lectures from Chugai, Takeda, Yakult-Honsha, Taiho, Ono, Daiichi-Sankyo, Bristol Myers Squibb, Lilly, and Merck Serano, Pharmaceutical and a Data Safety Monitoring Board member from Janssen. TM received honoraria for speakers bureaus from Lilly, Taiho, and Bristol-Myers Squibb, and a grant from Taiho outside the submitted work. IH received honoraria for lectures from Chugai, Takeda, and Yakult, and payment as an Advisory Board member from Asahi-Kasei and a Data Safety Monitoring Board member from Chugai, Taiho, Ono, Daiichi-Sankyo, and Merck Serano. The other authors have no conflicts of interest to declare., (2022 Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Real-World Data of Trifluridine/Tipiracil for Patients With Advanced Gastric Cancer: A Multi-Institutional Retrospective Study.
- Author
-
Matsumoto T, Yamamura S, Ikoma T, Kurioka Y, Doi K, Yasuda T, Boku S, Kawai T, Shibata N, Nagai H, Tsuduki T, Shimada T, Matsumoto Y, Tsumura T, Takatani M, Yasui H, and Satake H
- Abstract
Background: A trial with trifluridine/tipiracil (FTD/TPI) versus placebo in patients with heavily pretreated metastatic gastric cancer showed that FTD/TPI is effective with manageable toxicity in these patients. However, real-world data on the effects of FTD/TPI in patients with advanced gastric cancer (AGC) are limited., Methods: We retrospectively collected and analyzed the clinicopathological data of patients with AGC who received FTD/TPI monotherapy at our institutions (Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Osaka Red Cross Hospital, Himeji Red Cross Hospital, and Kansai Medical University Hospital) between September 2019 and July 2021. Tumor responses were evaluated based on the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors, version 1.1. Overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method., Results: A total of 53 patients were included in the study. The median age was 70 (range, 37-85) years; 39 patients (74%) were men; the numbers of patients with Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status scores of 0, 1, and 2 were 10 (19%), 39 (74%), and 4 (8%), respectively; and 27 patients (51%) had diffuse-type histology. A total of 29 patients (56%) had ascites. Prior nivolumab therapy was administered to 49 patients (92%). The response rate and disease control rate (DCR) were 2% and 35%, respectively. The median progression-free survival was 2.4 months, and OS was 5.8 months. Patients with ascites exhibited significantly shorter OS (8.6 vs 4.7 months, P = .0291) than those without ascites, and DCR (54% vs 18%, P = .0055) was significantly worse in patients with ascites. There was no significant difference in the frequency of adverse events of grade 3 or higher between patients with and without ascites., Conclusion: In a real-world setting, FTD/TPI has similar effectiveness as late-line chemotherapy for patients with AGC, including those who previously had received nivolumab., Competing Interests: The author(s) declared the following potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: Toshihiko Matsumoro received research funding from Ono Pharmaceutical Co, Ltd and Sanofi Co, Ltd; honoraria from Bayer Co, Ltd, Bristol-Myers Squibb Co, Ltd, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co, Ltd, Daiichi Sankyo Co, Ltd, Eli Lilly Japan Co, Ltd, Merck Bio Pharma Co, Ltd, MSD Co, Ltd, Ono Pharmaceutical Co, Ltd, Sanofi Co, Ltd, Taiho Pharmaceutical Co, Ltd, Takeda Co, Ltd, Teijin Pharmaceutical Co, Ltd and Yakult Honsha Co, Ltd. Hironaga Satake received research funding from Ono Pharmaceutical Co, Ltd, Daiichi Sankyo Co, Ltd, Taiho Pharmaceutical Co, Ltd, Takeda Pharmaceutical Co, Ltd, and Sanofi Co, Ltd; honoraria from Bayer Co, Ltd, Bristol-Myers Squibb Co, Ltd, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co, Ltd, Daiichi Sankyo Co, Ltd, Eli Lilly Japan Co, Ltd, Merck Bio Pharma Co, Ltd, MSD Co, Ltd, Ono Pharmaceutical Co, Ltd, Sanofi Co, Ltd, Taiho Pharmaceutical Co, Ltd, Takeda Co, Ltd, and Yakult Honsha Co, Ltd. Hisateru Yasui received honoralia from Taiho Pharmaceutical Co, Ltd. All the remaining authors declare that they have no competing interests., (© The Author(s) 2022.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Retraction Note to: Carbohydrate-restricted diet promotes skin senescence in senescence-accelerated prone mice.
- Author
-
Wu Q, E S, Yamamoto K, and Tsuduki T
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Real-World Data of Trastuzumab Deruxtecan for Advanced Gastric Cancer: A Multi-Institutional Retrospective Study.
- Author
-
Matsumoto T, Yamamura S, Ikoma T, Kurioka Y, Doi K, Boku S, Shibata N, Nagai H, Shimada T, Tsuduki T, Tsumura T, Takatani M, Yasui H, and Satake H
- Abstract
Trastuzumab deruxtecan (T-DXd) has shown promising efficacy against HER2- positive advanced gastric cancer (AGC). However, data on its real-world efficacy in AGC patients are insufficient, and the predictive marker of T-DXd is unclear. In this multi-center retrospective study, we collected clinical information of 18 patients with HER2 -positive AGC who received T-DXd after intolerant or refractory responses to at least two prior regimens and analyzed predictive factors. The median age was 71 years (range: 51-85), 13 men were included, and ECOG performance status (PS): 0/1/2/3 was 9/6/2/1. A total of 11 patients (61%) received prior immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), 14 patients were HER2 3+, and 4 patients were HER2 2+/FISH positive. The median trastuzumab (Tmab)-free interval was 7.7 months (range: 2.8-28.6). The overall response rate was 41%, and the disease control rate was 76%. Median progression-free survival (PFS) was 3.9 months (95% CI: 2.6-6.5), and median overall survival (OS) was 6.1 months (95% CI: 3.7-9.4). PFS (6.5 vs. 2.9 months, p = 0.0292) and OS (9.2 vs. 3.7 months, p = 0.0819) were longer in patients who received prior ICIs than in those who had not. PFS (6.5 vs. 3.4 months, p = 0.0249) and OS (9.4 vs. 5.7 months, p = 0.0426) were longer in patients with an 8 month or longer Tmab-free interval. In patients with ascites, PFS (6.5 vs. 2.75 months, p = 0.0139) and OS (9.4 vs. 3.9 months, p = 0.0460) were shorter. T-DXd showed promising efficacy in HER2 -positive AGC patients in a real-world setting. Pre-administration of ICIs and a sufficient Tmab-free interval may be predictive factors of T-DXd efficacy.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Nanoparticle albumin-bound paclitaxel and ramucirumab versus paclitaxel and ramucirumab as second-line chemotherapy for unresectable advanced or recurrent gastric cancer: a multicenter, propensity score-matched analysis (CROSS SELL study).
- Author
-
Nakasya A, Hagiwara Y, Ikoma T, Kurioka Y, Matsumoto T, Yamamoto Y, Tsuduki T, Kajiwara T, Moriwaki T, Nishina T, Yamashita N, and Hyodo I
- Subjects
- Albumin-Bound Paclitaxel therapeutic use, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized, Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols therapeutic use, Humans, Neoplasm Recurrence, Local etiology, Paclitaxel, Propensity Score, Retrospective Studies, Treatment Outcome, Ramucirumab, Nanoparticles, Stomach Neoplasms drug therapy
- Abstract
Background: Paclitaxel plus ramucirumab (PTX + RAM) is the standard second-line chemotherapy for unresectable advanced or recurrent gastric cancer (AGC). Nanoparticle albumin-bound paclitaxel (nab-PTX) is an improved, more convenient form of PTX and is non-inferior to PTX. Although some retrospective and single-arm phase II studies regarding nab-PTX + RAM have been reported, comparative studies are lacking. Here, we compared the efficacy and toxicity of nab-PTX + RAM and PTX + RAM using propensity score matching., Methods: Clinical data of 265 patients treated for AGC with nab-PTX + RAM or PTX + RAM were retrospectively collected. Nab-PTX was administered at dosages of 100 mg/m
2 , replacing PTX in the standard PTX + RAM regimen. Progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and toxicity were compared using 1:1 propensity score matching., Results: In total, 190 (72%) patients were matched. The median PFS was 5.3 [95% confidence interval (CI) 4.4-6.3] and 4.7 (95% CI 3.2-5.3) months in the nab-PTX + RAM and PTX + RAM groups, respectively [hazard ratio (HR) = 0.76, 95% CI 0.56-1.03, p = 0.07]. The median OS was 11.5 (95% CI 9.2-15.0) and 9.9 (95% CI 8.0-12.7) months, respectively (HR = 0.78, 95% CI 0.56-1.07, p = 0.12). Grade 3 and 4 neutropenia was observed more frequently in the nab-PTX + RAM group (72% vs. 56%, p = 0.03). No treatment-related deaths occurred., Conclusions: Nab-PTX + RAM exhibited more favorable trends in terms of PFS and OS but was more myelosuppressive than PTX + RAM. As neutropenia is commonly manageable toxicity, nab-PTX + RAM presents a treatment alternative for AGC. Further studies including randomized, controlled studies are warranted., (© 2022. The Author(s).)- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Relationship between the Japanese-style diet, gut microbiota, and dementia: A cross-sectional study.
- Author
-
Saji N, Tsuduki T, Murotani K, Hisada T, Sugimoto T, Kimura A, Niida S, Toba K, and Sakurai T
- Subjects
- Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Cohort Studies, Cross-Sectional Studies, Diet methods, Feces, Female, Humans, Japan, Male, Prospective Studies, Dementia, Gastrointestinal Microbiome
- Abstract
Objective: Previous studies have shown associations between the gut microbiota, microbial metabolites, and cognitive decline. However, the effect of the dietary composition on such associations has not been fully investigated. The aims of this study were to evaluate the relationships between adherence to a Japanese-style diet, the gut microbiota, and cognitive decline. Furthermore, we aimed to evaluate the three forms of the Japanese diet index (JDI; the conventional [JDI
9 ], updated [JDI12 ], and a newly modified JDI) to determine which would show the closest relationships with cognition and the gut microbiota., Methods: We performed a cross-sectional subanalysis of data from a prospective hospital-based cohort study. We assessed the patients' demographic characteristics, dietary composition, risk factors, cognitive function, brain imaging, gut microbiome, and microbial metabolites. On the basis of previous studies, a nine-component traditional JDI (JDI9 ), a 12-component modern JDI (JDI12 ), and a 12-component revised JDI (rJDI12 ), were defined. We evaluated the relationships between the JDI scores, cognitive function, and the gut microbiome and microbial metabolites using multivariable logistic regression analyses., Results: We analyzed data from 85 eligible participants (61% women; mean age: 74.6 ± 7.4 y). Compared with participants who had dementia, those without dementia were more likely to consume foods in the JDI12 , including fish and shellfish (64.5 versus 39.1%, P = 0.048), mushrooms (61.3 versus 30.4%, P = 0.015), soybeans and soybean-derived foods (62.9 versus 30.4%, P = 0.013), and coffee (71 versus 43.5%, P = 0.024). There were non-significant trends toward lower fecal concentrations of gut microbial metabolites in participants with a more traditional Japanese diet. Participants with dementia had lower JDI scores than those without dementia (dementia versus non-dementia, median JDI9 score: 5 versus 7, P = 0.049; JDI12 : 7 versus 8, P = 0.017; and rJDI12 : 7 versus 9, P = 0.006, respectively)., Conclusions: Adherence to a traditional Japanese diet was found to be inversely associated with cognitive decline and tended to be associated with lower concentrations of gut microbial metabolites., (Copyright © 2021 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Relationship Between Plasma Neurofilament Light Chain, Gut Microbiota, and Dementia: A Cross-Sectional Study.
- Author
-
Saji N, Murotani K, Sato N, Tsuduki T, Hisada T, Shinohara M, Sugimoto T, Niida S, Toba K, and Sakurai T
- Subjects
- Aged, Biomarkers, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Intermediate Filaments, Neurofilament Proteins, Prospective Studies, Alzheimer Disease, Cognitive Dysfunction psychology, Dementia, Gastrointestinal Microbiome
- Abstract
Background: Previous studies have demonstrated associations between gut microbiota, microbial metabolites, and cognitive decline. However, relationships between these factors and neurofilament light chain (NfL; a disease-nonspecific biomarker of neural damage) remain controversial., Objective: To evaluate the associations between plasma NfL, gut microbiota, and cognitive function., Methods: We performed a cross-sectional sub-analysis of data from our prospective cohort study that was designed to investigate the relationship between gut microbiota and cognitive function. Patients who visited our memory clinic were enrolled and demographics, dementia-related risk factors, cognitive function, brain imaging, gut microbiomes, and microbial metabolites were assessed. We evaluated the relationships between the gut microbiome, microbial metabolites, and plasma NfL. Moreover, the relationships between plasma NfL and cognitive function were assessed using multivariable logistic regression analyses., Results: We analyzed 128 participants (women: 59%, mean age: 74 years). Participants with high (above the median) plasma NfL concentrations tended to be older, women, and hypertensive and have a history of stroke, chronic kidney disease, and dementia. Plasma NfL was also associated with cerebral small vessel disease. However, plasma NfL levels were not significantly correlated with gut microbial metabolites. Multivariable analyses revealed that a higher plasma NfL concentration was independently associated with the presence of dementia (odds ratio: 9.94, 95% confidence interval: 2.75-48.2, p < 0.001)., Conclusion: High plasma NfL concentration was independently associated with the presence of dementia as previously reported. However, plasma NfL levels were not significantly correlated with gut microbial metabolites in this preliminary study.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Relationship Between Plasma Lipopolysaccharides, Gut Microbiota, and Dementia: A Cross-Sectional Study.
- Author
-
Saji N, Saito Y, Yamashita T, Murotani K, Tsuduki T, Hisada T, Sugimoto T, Niida S, Toba K, and Sakurai T
- Subjects
- Animals, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Lipopolysaccharides, Prospective Studies, Dementia epidemiology, Dementia microbiology, Gastrointestinal Microbiome
- Abstract
Background: Previous studies have demonstrated associations between gut microbiota, microbial metabolites, and cognitive decline. However, relationships between these factors and lipopolysaccharides (LPS; molecules of the outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria) remain controversial., Objective: To evaluate associations between plasma LPS, gut microbiota, and cognitive function., Methods: We performed a cross-sectional sub-analysis of data of 127 participants (women: 58%, mean age: 76 years) from our prospective cohort study regarding the relationship between gut microbiota and cognitive function. We enrolled patients who visited our memory clinic and assessed demographics, dementia-related risk factors, cognitive function, brain imaging, gut microbiomes, and microbial metabolites. We evaluated relationships between cognitive decline and plasma LPS using multivariable logistic regression analyses., Results: Plasma LPS concentration increased with increasing degree of cognitive decline and total cerebral small vessel disease (SVD) score (Kruskal-Wallis test; p = 0.016 and 0.007, respectively). Participants with high plasma LPS concentrations tended to have lower concentrations of gut microbial metabolites, such as lactic acid and acetic acid, and were less likely to consume fish and shellfish (44.7% versus 69.6%, p = 0.027) than those with low plasma LPS concentrations. Multivariable analyses revealed that plasma LPS concentration was independently associated with the presence of mild cognitive impairment in participants without dementia (odds ratio: 2.09, 95% confidence interval: 1.14-3.84, p = 0.007)., Conclusion: In this preliminary study, plasma LPS concentration was associated with both cognitive decline and cerebral SVD and significantly correlated with beneficial gut microbial metabolites. Plasma LPS may be a risk factor for cognitive decline.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. Embryonal erythropoiesis and aging exploit ferroptosis.
- Author
-
Zheng H, Jiang L, Tsuduki T, Conrad M, and Toyokuni S
- Abstract
Ferroptosis is a form of regulated cell necrosis, as a consequence of Fe(II)-dependent lipid peroxidation. Although ferroptosis has been linked to cancer cell death, neurodegeneration and reperfusion injury, physiological roles of ferroptosis have not been elucidated to date mostly due to the lack of appropriate methodologies. Here, we show that 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (HNE)-modified proteins detected by a HNEJ-1 mouse monoclonal antibody is a robust immunohistochemical technology to locate ferroptosis in tissues in combination with morphological nuclear information, based on various models of ferroptosis, including erastin-induced cysteine-deprivation, conditional Gpx4 knockout and Fe(II)-dependent renal tubular injury, as well as other types of regulated cell death. Specificity of HNEJ-1 with ferroptosis was endorsed by non-selective identification of HNE-modified proteins in an Fe(II)-dependent renal tubular injury model. We further comprehensively searched for signs of ferroptosis in different developmental stages of Fischer-344 rats from E9.5-2.5 years of age. We observed that there was a significant age-dependent increase in ferroptosis in the kidney, spleen, liver, ovary, uterus, cerebellum and bone marrow, which was accompanied by iron accumulation. Not only phagocytic cells but also parenchymal cells were affected. Epidermal ferroptosis in ageing SAMP8 mice was significantly promoted by high-fat or carbohydrate-restricted diets. During embryogenesis of Fischer-344 rats, we found ferroptosis in nucleated erythrocytes at E13.5, which disappeared in enucleated erythrocytes at E18.5. Administration of a ferroptosis inhibitor, liproxstatin-1, significantly delayed erythrocyte enucleation. Therefore, our results demonstrate for the first time the involvement of ferroptosis in physiological processes, such as embryonic erythropoiesis and aging, suggesting the evolutionally acquired mechanism and the inevitable side effects, respectively., (Copyright © 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. The Association between Cerebral Small Vessel Disease and the Gut Microbiome: A Cross-Sectional Analysis.
- Author
-
Saji N, Murotani K, Hisada T, Tsuduki T, Sugimoto T, Kimura A, Niida S, Toba K, and Sakurai T
- Subjects
- Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Bacteria isolation & purification, Cerebral Small Vessel Diseases diagnostic imaging, Cerebral Small Vessel Diseases psychology, Cognitive Dysfunction diagnosis, Cognitive Dysfunction psychology, Cross-Sectional Studies, Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Feces microbiology, Female, Humans, Leukoencephalopathies diagnostic imaging, Leukoencephalopathies psychology, Male, Mental Status and Dementia Tests, Middle Aged, Risk Assessment, Risk Factors, Bacteria classification, Cerebral Small Vessel Diseases microbiology, Cognition, Cognitive Dysfunction microbiology, Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Intestines microbiology, Leukoencephalopathies microbiology
- Abstract
Background: Recent studies have demonstrated an association between the gut microbiome and cognitive function. However, the associations between the gut microbiome and brain parenchyma damage, and their underlying mechanisms, remain unclear., Materials and Methods: We performed a cross-sectional sub-analysis using data from our prospective cohort study to determine the association between the gut microbiome and cerebral small vessel disease (SVD). We assessed patient demographics, risk factors, cognitive function, brain imaging, voxel-based specific regional analysis system for Alzheimer's Disease (VSRAD, indicating brain atrophy), and the gut microbiome as indicated by enterotypes and faecal microbiome metabolites. We then analysed the associations between total SVD scores, cognitive function, and the gut microbiome., Results: We analysed data from 87 patients without dementia or a history of stroke, 64 of whom exhibited mild cognitive impairment. Higher total SVD scores were associated with cognitive decline and behavioural and psychological symptoms. Compared with all other patients, patients with enterotype I (Bacteroides >30%) were more likely to have cognitive decline (median scores: Mini-Mental State Examination, 25 vs. 27, P = 0.047; Clinical Dementia Rating-Sum of Boxes, 1.5 vs. 0.5, P = 0.002) and present with cerebral SVD and high VSRAD scores (1.01 vs. 0.57, P = 0.012). Furthermore, faecal metabolites were significantly higher in patients with higher total SVD scores compared with those with lower scores. Multivariable logistic regression analyses indicated that certain gut microbiomes may double the risk of white matter hyperintensity., Conclusions: The gut microbiome is associated with cerebral SVD., Competing Interests: Declarations of Competing Interest Dr Saji has received grants from the Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C), JSPS KAKENHI (grant 20k07861), grants from the NARO Bio-oriented Technology Research Advancement Institution Project (advanced integration research for agriculture and interdisciplinary fields), grants from the Danone Institute of Japan Foundation, grants from the Honjo International Scholarship Foundation, and the BMS/Pfizer Japan Thrombosis Investigator Initiated Research Program. Dr Saji, Dr Niida, and Dr Sakurai have received research grants from the Research Funding of Longevity Sciences from the National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology. Dr Saji, Dr Toba, and Dr Sakurai have received research funds for Comprehensive Research on Aging and Health from the Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED). Dr Tsuduki has received grants from the NARO Bio-oriented Technology Research Advancement Institution Project (advanced integration research for agriculture and interdisciplinary fields)., (Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. [A PRIMARY BLADDER ALVEOLAR SOFT PART SARCOMA: A CASE REPORT].
- Author
-
Asano A, Nishikimi T, Morikami H, Ohashi T, Yamauchi Y, Ishida R, Yamada H, Kobayashi H, and Tsuduki T
- Subjects
- Adult, Female, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Urinary Bladder, Sarcoma, Alveolar Soft Part diagnostic imaging, Sarcoma, Alveolar Soft Part surgery, Urinary Bladder Neoplasms diagnostic imaging, Urinary Bladder Neoplasms surgery
- Abstract
A 32-year-old woman was admitted to our department for hematuria and dysuria.Computed tomography (CT) and cystoscopy revealed a 2-cm pedunculated tumor with rich blood supply and a smooth surface in the bladder trigone. We performed a transurethral resection of bladder tumor. The pathologic diagnosis was alveolar soft part sarcoma (ASPS). CT, bone scintigraphy, positron emission tomography, and pelvic magnetic resonance imaging revealed no other lesions; thus, she was diagnosed as having a primary bladder ASPS. Postoperative follow-up with regular cystoscopies and CTs over 10 years have shown no local recurrence or metastasis.Primary ASPS of the bladder is exceedingly rare, and this case is the 8th case (the 2nd case in Japan) reported in literature.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. Efficacy and safety of nivolumab for advanced gastric cancer patients with poor performance statuses.
- Author
-
Matsumoto T, Yamamoto Y, Kuriona Y, Okazaki U, Kimura S, Miura K, Tsuduki T, Watanabe T, Mastumoto Y, and Takatani M
- Subjects
- Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized therapeutic use, Bridged-Ring Compounds therapeutic use, Female, Fluorouracil therapeutic use, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Progression-Free Survival, Retrospective Studies, Severity of Illness Index, Stomach Neoplasms pathology, Taxoids therapeutic use, Ramucirumab, Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological therapeutic use, Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors therapeutic use, Nivolumab therapeutic use, Stomach Neoplasms drug therapy
- Abstract
Background: Nivolumab has changed the treatment of advanced gastric cancer (AGC). Nivolumab shows better outcomes compared to best supportive care among AGC patients who received at least two prior regimens. However, there are no reliable data regarding AGC patients with poor performance status (PS) who received nivolumab. We investigated the efficacy and safety of nivolumab among AGC patients with poor PS., Methods: We retrospectively collected clinicopathologic data from patients with AGC who underwent nivolumab monotherapy at our institution from October 2017 to June 2019., Results: Forty-nine AGC patients who received nivolumab were assessed. Twenty-seven patients had PS 0 or 1 (Good group) and 22 had PS 2 or 3 (Poor group). The median progression-free survival and overall survival durations were 2.0 and 6.0 months in the Good group, respectively, and 1.2 and 2.8 months in the Poor group, respectively. The overall survival was significantly shorter in the Poor group (6.0 vs 2.8 months, p = 0.0255). The disease control rates were 23 and 9% in the Good and Poor groups, respectively. Thirty-three percent of patients experienced immune-related adverse events in the Good group, and 18% in the Poor group., Conclusion: Nivolumab is feasible but insufficient as third- or later-line treatment for AGC patients with poor PS.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. Japanese mushroom consumption alters the lipid metabolomic profile of high-fat diet-fed mice.
- Author
-
Shimizu T, Mori K, Kobayashi H, and Tsuduki T
- Abstract
Mushrooms are familiar ingredients in Japanese cuisine and large numbers are consumed in Japan. Recently, we reported that the consumption of Japanese mushrooms suppressed the accumulation of visceral fat. The purpose of this study was to examine the alteration of lipid metabolism by Japanese mushrooms consumption in high-fat diet (HFD) mice. Multivariate analysis of serum, liver, adipose tissue, cecal contents, large intestinal and fecal lipids showed differing compositions in the mice that had consumed HFD or HFD supplemented with 3% freeze-dried mushroom mixture (HFMD). There were higher concentrations of diacylglycerol in the adipose tissue, non-esterified fatty acids in the serum, and triacylglycerol in the feces of the HFMD group. These results suggest that mushroom consumption promotes the degradation of lipids in visceral fat and limits the absorption of food lipids. Moreover, the HFMD group demonstrated higher concentrations of phospholipids, some of which contained odd-chain fatty acids. Thus, we speculated that the alteration of lipid metabolism in mice such that mushroom consumption prevent obesity progression, as demonstrated by metabolomic analysis., (© 2020 The Authors.)
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. The 1975 type Japanese diet improves the gut microbial flora and inhibits visceral fat accumulation in mice.
- Author
-
Asano M, Nakano F, Nakatsukasa E, and Tsuduki T
- Subjects
- Animals, Hypertrophy, Liver metabolism, Male, Mice, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Obesity blood, Obesity microbiology, RNA, Messenger genetics, Sterol Esterase genetics, Transcriptome, Adipocytes pathology, Diet, Carbohydrate Loading methods, Diet, High-Fat methods, Diet, Protein-Restricted methods, Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Intra-Abdominal Fat metabolism, Lipid Metabolism
- Abstract
In this study, the 1975 type Japanese diet was prepared and its effects and related mechanism were examined in mice. Mice were assigned to three experimental groups, the CD group fed a control diet, the MD group fed a modern Japanese diet (MD), and the JD group fed the 1975 type Japanese diet (JD) for 4 weeks. MD and JD were low protein, high fat, and high carbohydrate diets compared to the CD. Total white adipose tissue weights were significantly increased in the MD group compared to those in the CD group and were decreased in the JD group compared to those in the MD group. In the JD group, adipocyte hypertrophy was inhibited and Hsl mRNA expression was enhanced in epididymal adipose tissue and the number of bacteria associated with the production of short chain fatty acids was increased. Therefore, the JD inhibits lipid accumulation in white adipose tissue., Abbreviations: Actb : β-actin; ALT: alanine aminotransferase; ANOVA: analyses of variance; AST: aspartate aminotransferase; Fas : fatty acid synthase; G6pdx : glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase; HE: hematoxylin and eosin; HOMA-IR: Homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance; Hsl : hormone-sensitive lipase; JD: 1975 type Japanese diet; Leptin : leptin; MD: modern Japanese diet; Me : malic enzyme; NEFA: non-esterified fatty acids; PL: phospholipids; Pparδ : peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta; Pparγ : peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma; qRT-PCR: quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction; SAMP8: senescence-accelerated prone 8; SEM: standard error of the mean; Srebp1c : Sterol regulatory element binding protein 1c; TBARS: thiobarbituric acid reactive substance; TC: total cholesterol; TG: Triacylglycerol; V3: variable regions 3.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. Relationship between dementia and gut microbiome-associated metabolites: a cross-sectional study in Japan.
- Author
-
Saji N, Murotani K, Hisada T, Kunihiro T, Tsuduki T, Sugimoto T, Kimura A, Niida S, Toba K, and Sakurai T
- Subjects
- Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Ammonia analysis, Ammonia metabolism, Bacteria classification, Bacteria genetics, Bacteria isolation & purification, Bacteria metabolism, Cognition, Cross-Sectional Studies, Dementia psychology, Feces chemistry, Feces microbiology, Female, Humans, Japan, Lactic Acid analysis, Lactic Acid metabolism, Male, Dementia microbiology, Gastrointestinal Microbiome
- Abstract
Dysregulation of the gut microbiome is associated with dementia. However, the relationship between microbiome-associated metabolites and dementia has yet to be identified. Outpatients visiting a memory clinic in Japan enrolled in this cross-sectional study; 107 subjects were eligible for the study, 25 of which had dementia. We collected demographics, activities of daily living, risk factors, cognitive function, and brain imaging data. The gut microbiome was assessed using terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. Concentrations of faecal metabolite were measured. We used multivariable logistic regression analyses to identify whether metabolites were independently related to dementia. The concentrations of metabolites were significantly different between subjects with and those without dementia. Every 1 standard deviation increment in faecal ammonia concentration was associated with around a 1.6-fold risk for the presence of dementia. A higher faecal lactic acid concentration was related to a lower risk of dementia, by around 60%. A combination of higher faecal ammonia and lactic acid concentrations was indicative of the presence of dementia, and had a similar predictive value as traditional biomarkers of dementia. Thus, faecal ammonia and lactic acid are related to dementia, independently of the other risk factors for dementia and dysregulation of the gut microbiome.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. Mushroom consumption and incident risk of prostate cancer in Japan: A pooled analysis of the Miyagi Cohort Study and the Ohsaki Cohort Study.
- Author
-
Zhang S, Sugawara Y, Chen S, Beelman RB, Tsuduki T, Tomata Y, Matsuyama S, and Tsuji I
- Subjects
- Adult, Aged, Cohort Studies, Diet Surveys, Humans, Incidence, Japan epidemiology, Male, Middle Aged, Prospective Studies, Risk Factors, Agaricales, Diet, Prostatic Neoplasms epidemiology
- Abstract
In vivo and in vitro evidence has shown that mushrooms have the potential to prevent prostate cancer. However, the relationship between mushroom consumption and incident prostate cancer in humans has never been investigated. In the present study, a total of 36,499 men, aged 40-79 years, who participated in the Miyagi Cohort Study in 1990 and in the Ohsaki Cohort Study in 1994 were followed for a median of 13.2 years. Data on mushroom consumption (categorized as <1, 1-2 and ≥3 times/week) was collected using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was used to estimate multivariate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for prostate cancer incidence. During 574,397 person-years of follow-up, 1,204 (3.3%) cases of prostate cancer were identified. Compared to participants with mushroom consumption <1 time/week, frequent mushroom intake was associated with a decreased risk of prostate cancer (1-2 times/week: HRs [95% CIs] = 0.92 [0.81, 1.05]; ≥3 times/week: HRs [95% CIs] = 0.83 [0.70, 0.98]; p-trend = 0.023). This inverse relationship was especially obvious among participants aged ≥50 years and did not differ by clinical stage of cancer and intake of vegetables, fruit, meat and dairy products. The present study showed an inverse relationship between mushroom consumption and incident prostate cancer among middle-aged and elderly Japanese men, suggesting that habitual mushroom intake might help to prevent prostate cancer., (© 2019 The Authors. International Journal of Cancer published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of UICC.)
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. FOLFIRINOX for Advanced Pancreatic Cancer Patients After Nab-Paclitaxel Plus Gemcitabine Failure.
- Author
-
Matsumoto T, Kurioka Y, Okazaki U, Matsuo Y, Kimura S, Miura K, Tsuduki T, Takagi S, Takatani M, and Morishita H
- Subjects
- Aged, Albumins administration & dosage, Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols administration & dosage, Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols adverse effects, Deoxycytidine administration & dosage, Deoxycytidine analogs & derivatives, Drug Substitution, Female, Fluorouracil administration & dosage, Fluorouracil adverse effects, Humans, Irinotecan administration & dosage, Irinotecan adverse effects, Leucovorin administration & dosage, Leucovorin adverse effects, Male, Middle Aged, Oxaliplatin administration & dosage, Oxaliplatin adverse effects, Paclitaxel administration & dosage, Progression-Free Survival, Retrospective Studies, Gemcitabine, Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols therapeutic use, Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal drug therapy, Pancreatic Neoplasms drug therapy, Salvage Therapy
- Abstract
Objectives: There is no standard chemotherapy for advanced pancreatic cancer (APC) after gemcitabine plus nab-paclitaxel (GP) failure. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of FOLFIRINOX (5-Fluorouracil, leucovorin, irinotecan, and oxaliplatin) (5-Fluorouracil, leucovorin, irinotecan, and oxaliplatin) (FFX) and modified FFX (mFFX) for APC patients after GP failure., Methods: We retrospectively evaluated the efficacy and safety of FFX in APC patients who were refractory or intolerant of GP., Results: Between July 2014 and October 2018, 23 patients received FFX after failure of GP. The overall response rate (RR) was 23%, and the disease control rate (DCR) was 68%. The median progression-free survival (PFS) was 5.3 months (95% confidence interval, 2.5-8.9), and the median overall survival (OS) was 12.1 months (95% confidence interval, 4.0-14.2). Twelve patients received FFX, and 11 patients received mFFX. In the FFX group, the RR was 9%, the DCR was 73%, the PFS was 5.3 months, and the OS was 6.9 months. In the mFFX group, the RR was 23%, the DCR was 64%, the PFS was 4.3 months, and the OS was 12.8 months. There was no significant difference between the groups., Conclusions: FOLFIRINOX has potential activity for patients with APC in whom GP failed.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. Carbohydrate-restricted diet alters the gut microbiota, promotes senescence and shortens the life span in senescence-accelerated prone mice.
- Author
-
He C, Wu Q, Hayashi N, Nakano F, Nakatsukasa E, and Tsuduki T
- Subjects
- Animals, Behavior, Animal, Diet, High-Fat, Enterobacteriaceae classification, Fatty Acids, Volatile metabolism, Kaplan-Meier Estimate, Learning, Lipids chemistry, Male, Memory, Mice, Models, Animal, Aging, Diet, Carbohydrate-Restricted, Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Longevity
- Abstract
This study examined the effects of a carbohydrate-restricted diet on aging, brain function, intestinal bacteria and the life span to determine long-term carbohydrate-restriction effects on the aging process in senescence-accelerated prone mice (SAMP8). Three-week-old male SAMP8 were divided into three groups after a week of preliminary feeding. One group was given a controlled diet, while the others fed on high-fat and carbohydrate-restricted diets, respectively. The mice in each group were further divided into two subgroups, of which one was the longevity measurement group. The other groups fed ad libitum until the mice were 50 weeks old. Before the test period termination, passive avoidance test evaluated the learning and memory abilities. Following the test period, serum and various mice organs were obtained and submitted for analysis. The carbohydrate-restricted diet group exhibited significant decrease in the survival rate as compared to the other two diet groups. The passive avoidance test revealed a remarkable decrease in the learning and memory ability of carbohydrate-restricted diet group as compared to the control-diet group. Measurement of lipid peroxide level in tissues displayed a marked increase in the brain and spleen of carbohydrate-restricted diet group than the control-diet and high-fat diet groups. Furthermore, notable serum IL-6 and IL-1β level (inflammation indicators) elevations, decrease in Enterobacteria (with anti-inflammatory action), increase in inflammation-inducing Enterobacteria and lowering of short-chain fatty acids levels in cecum were observed in the carbohydrate-restricted diet group. Hence, carbohydrate-restricted diet was revealed to promote aging and shortening of life in SAMP8., Competing Interests: Conflict of interest There are no conflicts of interest., (Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Japanese diet and survival time: The Ohsaki Cohort 1994 study.
- Author
-
Abe S, Zhang S, Tomata Y, Tsuduki T, Sugawara Y, and Tsuji I
- Subjects
- Adult, Aged, Cohort Studies, Female, Humans, Japan epidemiology, Male, Middle Aged, Proportional Hazards Models, Prospective Studies, Survival Analysis, Cardiovascular Diseases mortality, Diet methods, Longevity, Neoplasms mortality
- Abstract
Background & Aims: Although it has been suggested that the Japanese diet contributes to the longevity of the Japanese population, no study has examined the association between the Japanese diet and survival time. The present study investigated the association between the Japanese diet and survival time., Methods: We analyzed 20-year follow-up data from a cohort study of 14,764 Japanese men and women aged 40-79 years. At the baseline survey in 1994, we collected dietary information using a validated 40-item food frequency questionnaire. Adherence to a Japanese diet consisting of nine components (rice, miso soup, seaweeds, pickles, green and yellow vegetables, fish, green tea, beef and pork, and coffee) was assessed in terms of a Japanese dietary index (JDI) score, the total score ranging from 0 to 9. Cox proportional hazards model and Laplace regression analysis were used to estimate the hazard ratios (HRs) and differences in median age at death (50th percentile differences - PDs in age at death) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) according to the quartiles of the JDI score., Results: During the follow-up period, we documented 4,619 deaths. We observed that a higher JDI score was associated with a lower risk of mortality and longer survival time: In comparison to participants in the lowest JDI score quartile (0-4), the multivariate-adjusted HR (95% CI) of all-cause mortality was 0.91 (0.83-0.99) and the multivariate-adjusted 50th PD in age at death (95% CI) was 10.2 (3.2-17.2) months longer for those in the highest quartile (7-9)., Conclusions: Adherence to a Japanese diet is associated with a longer survival time., (Copyright © 2019 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. CYP4F13 is the Major Enzyme for Conversion of alpha-Eleostearic Acid into cis-9, trans-11-Conjugated Linoleic Acid in Mouse Hepatic Microsomes.
- Author
-
Wu Q and Tsuduki T
- Subjects
- Animals, Cytochrome P450 Family 4 genetics, Cytochrome P450 Family 4 metabolism, Cytochrome P450 Family 4 physiology, Gene Expression, In Vitro Techniques, Mice, Inbred ICR, NADP metabolism, Cytochrome P450 Family 4 pharmacology, Linoleic Acids, Conjugated metabolism, Linolenic Acids metabolism, Microsomes, Liver metabolism
- Abstract
Our previous studies have shown that α-eleostearic acid (α-ESA; cis-9, trans-11, trans-13 (c9,t11,t13)-conjugated linolenic acid (CLnA)) is converted into c9,t11-conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) in rats. Furthermore, we have demonstrated that the conversion of α-ESA into CLA is a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH)-dependent enzymatic reaction, which occurs mostly in the rat liver. However, the precise metabolic pathway and enzyme involved have not been identified yet. Therefore, in this study we aimed to determine the role of cytochrome P450 (CYP) in the conversion of α-ESA into c9,t11-CLA using an in vitro reconstitution system containing mouse hepatic microsomes, NADPH, and α-ESA. The CYP4 inhibitors, 17-ODYA and HET0016, performed the highest level of inhibition of CLA formation. Furthermore, the redox partner cytochrome P450 reductase (CPR) inhibitor, 2-chloroethyl ethyl sulfide (CEES), also demonstrated a high level of inhibition. Thus, these results indicate that the NADPH-dependent CPR/CYP4 system is responsible for CLA formation. In a correlation analysis between the specific activity of CLA formation and Cyp4 family gene expression in tissues, Cyp4a14 and Cyp4f13 demonstrated the best correlations. However, the CYP4F substrate prostaglandin A
1 (PGA1 ) exhibited the strongest inhibitory effect on CLA formation, while the CYP4A and CYP4B1 substrate lauric acid had no inhibitory effect. Therefore, we conclude that the CYP4F13 enzyme is the major enzyme involved in CLA formation. This pathway is a novel pathway for endogenous CLA synthesis, and this study provides insight into the potential application of CLnA in functional foods.- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. The relationship between the gut microbiome and mild cognitive impairment in patients without dementia: a cross-sectional study conducted in Japan.
- Author
-
Saji N, Murotani K, Hisada T, Tsuduki T, Sugimoto T, Kimura A, Niida S, Toba K, and Sakurai T
- Subjects
- Aged, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Japan, Logistic Models, Male, Models, Biological, Multivariate Analysis, Cognitive Dysfunction complications, Cognitive Dysfunction microbiology, Dementia complications, Dementia microbiology, Gastrointestinal Microbiome
- Abstract
Recent studies have revealed an association between the dysregulation of the gut microbiome and dementia. However, whether this dysregulation is associated with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), an early stage of cognitive decline, in patients without dementia remains unclear. We performed a cross-sectional analysis to determine the association between the gut microbiome and MCI. Data, including patient demographics, risk factors, cognitive function, and brain imaging, were collected. The gut microbiome was assessed through terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to identify factors independently associated with MCI. Graphical modelling was used to illustrate mutual associations between MCI and identified factors. We analysed 82 patients, 61 of whom exhibited MCI. Patients with MCI had a higher prevalence of Bacteroides. Furthermore, patients with more Bacteroides were more likely to present with white matter hyperintensity and high voxel-based specific regional analysis system for Alzheimer's Disease (VSRAD) scores, indicating cortical and hippocampal atrophy. A multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that a greater prevalence of Bacteroides was independently associated with MCI. Graphical modelling also showed a close association between Bacteroides and MCI. In conclusion, an increased prevalence of Bacteroides is independently associated with the presence of MCI in patients without dementia.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. Takotsubo cardiomyopathy caused by infusion reaction to trastuzumab.
- Author
-
Matsumoto T, Oda T, Yoshida Y, Kimura S, Himei H, Tsuduki T, Takagi S, Takatani M, and Morishita H
- Abstract
Takotsubo cardiomyopathy (TCM) is also known as stress-induced cardiomyopathy. The occurrence of TCM due to infusion reaction is extremely rare. A 65-year-old man began receiving trastuzumab monotherapy for gastric cancer. However, he developed an infusion reaction after administration. Electrocardiography revealed negative T waves, ST segment elevation, and apical akinesis and hypokinesis of the left ventricle with apical ballooning in the systole and diastole. Furthermore, troponin I and creatinine kinase (CK) levels and CK-myocardial band were elevated. Based on these findings, he was diagnosed with TCM. This is the first report of TCM due to an infusion reaction., Competing Interests: Conflicts of interestAll authors declare that they have no conflict of interest., (© The Japan Society of Clinical Oncology 2019.)
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Proportional changes in the gut microbiome: a risk factor for cardiovascular disease and dementia?
- Author
-
Saji N, Hisada T, Tsuduki T, Niida S, Toba K, and Sakurai T
- Subjects
- Aged, Dysbiosis, Exercise Tolerance, Humans, Risk Factors, Cardiovascular Diseases, Dementia, Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Hypertension
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. The Japanese Dietary Pattern Is Associated with Longer Disability-Free Survival Time in the General Elderly Population in the Ohsaki Cohort 2006 Study.
- Author
-
Zhang S, Tomata Y, Sugawara Y, Tsuduki T, and Tsuji I
- Subjects
- Aged, Cohort Studies, Disease-Free Survival, Female, Humans, Japan, Male, Diet, Health Status, Survival Rate
- Abstract
Background: Epidemiologic observations have raised expectations that the Japanese dietary pattern could promote longer disability-free survival (DFS) times among the Japanese population; however, no previous study has examined this issue., Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the association between the Japanese dietary pattern and DFS time in the elderly Japanese population., Methods: We analyzed follow-up data covering a 10-y period for 9456 elderly Japanese individuals (aged ≥65 y) participating in a community-based prospective cohort study. Dietary habits were assessed using a food-frequency questionnaire. Based on previous studies, we used 9 food items to calculate the Japanese Diet Index (JDI) score: rice, miso soup, fish and shellfish, green and yellow vegetables, seaweed, pickled vegetables, green tea (1 point for each item if the consumption value was more than or equal to the median, and 0 points otherwise), beef and pork, and coffee (0 points for each item if the consumption value was more than or equal to the median, and 1 point otherwise). Differences in median age at incident disability or death [50th percentile differences (PDs)] according to quartiles (Q1-Q4) of the JDI score were estimated using Laplace regression., Results: During the follow-up period, 4233 (44.8%) incident disability or death events occurred. In addition, a higher JDI score was significantly associated with longer DFS time: compared with the lowest quartile of JDI scores (Q1), the multivariate-adjusted 50th PD (95% CI) was 7.1 (1.8, 12.4) mo longer for Q4. Each 1-SD increase of the JDI score was associated with 3.7 (1.7, 5.7) additional months of life without disability (P-trend < 0.01). No differences were seen in sex or chronic condition (no or ≥1 chronic condition) at baseline. A post hoc analysis showed a larger effect on DFS time when using a modified JDI score without coffee., Conclusion: These results suggest that the Japanese dietary pattern is associated with improved DFS time in the general elderly population., (Copyright © American Society for Nutrition 2019.)
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Abdominal Fat in Individuals with Overweight Reduced by Consumption of a 1975 Japanese Diet: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
- Author
-
Asano M, Kushida M, Yamamoto K, Tomata Y, Tsuji I, and Tsuduki T
- Subjects
- Adult, Aged, Female, History, 20th Century, Humans, Japan, Male, Middle Aged, Single-Blind Method, Weight Loss, Abdominal Fat physiopathology, Diet methods, Overweight therapy
- Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to investigate whether the intake of the 1975 Japanese diet (JD) could reduce the amount of abdominal fat in people with overweight., Methods: Using a single-blind randomized controlled trial, the modern diet (MD) was compared with the 1975-type JD, which is based on the MD but includes five characteristics of the 1975 JD in an enhanced form. Overweight people were randomly assigned to an MD group (n = 30) and a JD group (n = 30). The participants consumed test diets that were provided three times a day for 28 days. Body composition measurements and blood biochemical examinations were performed before and after the test diet intake, and the proportions of change were compared., Results: Those in the JD group had significantly decreased BMI, fat mass, and levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, glycated hemoglobin, and C-reactive protein (P = 0.002, 0.015, 0.014, 0.012, and 0.039, respectively) and significantly increased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels compared with those in the MD group (P = 0.020)., Conclusions: The intake of a diet with the characteristics of the 1975 JD may have beneficial effects on lipid metabolism in people with overweight and reduce the onset risk of metabolism-related disorders, such as obesity and diabetes., (© 2019 The Obesity Society.)
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. Miso (Fermented Soybean Paste) Suppresses Visceral Fat Accumulation in Mice, Especially in Combination with Exercise.
- Author
-
Okouchi R, Sakanoi Y, and Tsuduki T
- Subjects
- Adipocytes metabolism, Animals, Diet, High-Fat adverse effects, Lipolysis physiology, Male, Mice, Obesity etiology, Dietary Supplements, Intra-Abdominal Fat metabolism, Obesity metabolism, Physical Conditioning, Animal physiology, Soy Foods
- Abstract
We investigated whether the difference in miso consumption between the Japanese diets of 1975 and 2010 has influenced the observed increase in diet-induced obesity. To recreate the 2010 and 1975 Japanese high-fat diets with the corresponding proportions of miso, freeze-dried miso was added to high-fat mouse feed at 1.6% and 2.6%, respectively. When 5-week-old male Institute of Cancer Research (ICR) mice were provided each of these diets ad libitum for 8 weeks, it was found that the white adipose tissue weight and adipocyte area were lower in mice receiving the 1975 diet than in those receiving the 2010 diet. Therefore, high miso consumption is one reason why the 1975 Japanese diet tended to not lead to obesity. Next, the combined effects of treadmill exercise and miso consumption were investigated. The mice were divided into three groups, which were provided either a high-fat diet (group C), a high-fat diet with exercise (group C + E), or a miso-supplemented high-fat diet with exercise (group M + E) for 8 weeks. In this experiment, the white adipose tissue weight and adipocyte area in group M + E were lower than in group C. When the mRNA expression of lipid metabolism-associated genes in adipose tissue was measured, we found that expression of Hsl (lipase, hormone sensitive), which is involved in lipolysis, and Pparγ (peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma), which regulates adipocyte differentiation upstream of Hsl , was increased in group M + E. These results clearly demonstrated that lipid accumulation in the adipose tissues is suppressed by miso consumption in combination with exercise.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. NAPE-PLD controls OEA synthesis and fat absorption by regulating lipoprotein synthesis in an in vitro model of intestinal epithelial cells.
- Author
-
Igarashi M, Watanabe K, Tsuduki T, Kimura I, and Kubota N
- Subjects
- CD36 Antigens metabolism, Caco-2 Cells, Cell Differentiation, Gene Expression Profiling, Gene Knockout Techniques, Humans, Intestinal Absorption genetics, Intestinal Absorption physiology, Intestinal Mucosa cytology, Lipid Metabolism, Lipoproteins biosynthesis, Models, Biological, Phospholipase D deficiency, Phospholipase D genetics, RNA, Messenger genetics, RNA, Messenger metabolism, Dietary Fats metabolism, Endocannabinoids biosynthesis, Intestinal Mucosa metabolism, Oleic Acids biosynthesis, Phospholipase D metabolism
- Abstract
Oleoylethanolamide (OEA), a fatty acid ethanolamide (FAE), is a lipid mediator that controls food intake and lipid metabolism. Accumulating data imply the importance of intestinal OEA in controlling satiety in addition to gastrointestinal peptide hormones. Although the biochemical pathway of FAE production has been illustrated, the enzymes responsible for the cleavage of OEA from its precursor N-acyl-phosphatidylethanolamine (NAPE) must be identified among reported candidates in the gut. In this study, we assessed the involvement of NAPE-specific phospholipase D (NAPE-PLD), which can directly release FAEs from NAPE, in intestinal OEA synthesis and lipid metabolism. Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPER-associated protein 9 (Cas9)-mediated deletion of the NAPE-PLD gene in intestinal epithelial-like Caco-2 cells reduced OEA levels, regardless of their differentiation states. Transcriptome analysis revealed that deletion of NAPE-PLD activates a transcriptional program for nutrient transportation, including lipids and lipoproteins, and inactivates cell-cycle or mitosis-related genes in Caco-2 cells. In addition, the basolateral secretion of lipoproteins was increased in NAPE-PLD-deleted cells although lipoprotein size was not affected. By contrast, cellular lipid levels were reduced in NAPE-PLD-deleted cells. Overall, these results indicate that NAPE-PLD plays important roles in OEA synthesis and fat absorption by regulating lipoprotein production in the intestinal epithelial cells.-Igarashi, M., Watanabe, K., Tsuduki, T., Kimura, I., Kubota, N. NAPE-PLD controls OEA synthesis and fat absorption by regulating lipoprotein synthesis in an in vitro model of intestinal epithelial cells.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Sphingoid bases of dietary ceramide 2-aminoethylphosphonate, a marine sphingolipid, absorb into lymph in rats.
- Author
-
Tomonaga N, Tsuduki T, Manabe Y, and Sugawara T
- Subjects
- Aminoethylphosphonic Acid chemistry, Aminoethylphosphonic Acid pharmacology, Animals, Ceramides pharmacology, Lymph drug effects, Rats, Absorption, Physicochemical drug effects, Aminoethylphosphonic Acid analogs & derivatives, Ceramides chemistry, Dietary Carbohydrates pharmacology, Lymph metabolism, Sphingolipids metabolism
- Abstract
Various functions of dietary sphingolipids have been reported; however, little is known about marine sphingolipids. Ceramide 2-aminoethylphosphonate (CAEP), an abundant sphingolipid in marine mollusks, frequently has a unique triene type of sphingoid base [2-amino-9-methyl-4,8,10-octadecatriene-1,3-diol (d19:3)]. We previously reported that dietary CAEP prepared from the skin of squid was digested in the intestinal mucosa of mice via ceramides to yield free sphingoid bases. How dietary CAEP is then used in the body remains unclear. Here, we investigated the absorption of dietary CAEP using a lipid absorption assay on the lymph collected from rats with thoracic duct cannulation. Our results reveal that sphingoid bases derived from CAEP, including d16:1, d18:1, and d19:3, were detected in the lymph after administration of CAEP. Lymphatic recovery of d19:3 was lower than that of other sphingoid bases. A large fraction of the absorbed sphingoid bases was present as complex sphingolipids, whereas a smaller portion was present in the free form. Fatty acids in ceramide moieties found in the lymph were partially different from dietary CAEP, which indicates that sphingoid bases derived from CAEP could be, at least in part, resynthesized into complex sphingolipids. Future studies should elucidate the metabolism of sphingoid bases derived from CAEP., (Copyright © 2019 Tomonaga et al.)
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. Carbohydrate-restricted diet promotes skin senescence in senescence-accelerated prone mice.
- Author
-
Wu Q, E S, Yamamoto K, and Tsuduki T
- Subjects
- Animals, Autophagy physiology, Cellular Senescence physiology, Diet, High-Fat methods, Interleukin-6 metabolism, Mice, Models, Animal, Skin metabolism, Skin pathology, TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases metabolism, Aging, Premature metabolism, Aging, Premature pathology, Diet, Carbohydrate-Restricted adverse effects, Diet, Carbohydrate-Restricted methods, Skin Aging physiology
- Abstract
This study used senescence-accelerated prone mice (SAMP8) to examine the effects of a carbohydrate-restricted diet on aging and skin senescence, to determine how long-term carbohydrate restriction affects the aging process. Three-week-old male SAMP8 mice were divided into three groups after 1 week of preliminary feeding: one was given a controlled diet, the other was given a high-fat diet, and the third was given a carbohydrate-restricted diet. Ad libitum feeding was administered until the mice reached 50 weeks of age. Before the end of the test period, a grading test was used to evaluate visible aging in the mice. After the test period, serum and skin samples in mice were obtained and submitted for analysis. As a result, the grading test demonstrated that there was significant progression of visible aging in the carbohydrate-restricted group, as well as a decreased survival rate. Histological examination of the skin revealed that the epidermis and dermis in the carbohydrate-restricted group had become thinner. Analysis of the mechanisms involved demonstrated an increase in serum interleukin-6, aggravated skin senescence, inhibition of skin autophagy and activation of skin mTOR. Therefore, this study proved that a carbohydrate-restricted diet promoted skin senescence in senescence-accelerated mice.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Effects of the 1975 Japanese diet on the gut microbiota in younger adults.
- Author
-
Kushida M, Sugawara S, Asano M, Yamamoto K, Fukuda S, and Tsuduki T
- Subjects
- Adult, Double-Blind Method, Feces microbiology, Female, Humans, Japan, Male, Diet, Gastrointestinal Microbiome physiology
- Abstract
Japan is known for its longevity worldwide; the Japanese diet is thought to contribute to this longevity. However, the Japanese diet has become westernized over the past years, with a parallel increase in the incidence of lifestyle diseases. Thus, whether the modern Japanese diet is still healthy requires investigation. A diet with characteristics of the 1975 Japanese diet (JD) was previously shown to have beneficial effects on mice and humans. In this study, we examined whether intestinal bacteria are involved in the health benefits of this diet by analyzing changes in the composition of the fecal microbiota between humans who ingested the JD and those consuming a modern Japanese diet (MD). We also examined correlations between intestinal bacteria and biological parameters. A randomized controlled trial was performed to determine the effects of the 1975 JD compared to those of the MD. Subjects aged 20-29 years were randomly assigned to the JD (n=11) and MD (n=10) groups. Each subject consumed their respective diet three times per day for 28 days, and changes in intestinal bacteria before to after this period were evaluated. Four genera (unclassified Lachnospiraceae, Parabacteroides, Sutterella and unclassified Rikenellaceae) were significantly changed upon intake of the JD. Based on correlation analysis, relationships were found between changes in these genera and decreases in fat%; fat mass; and levels of blood glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, blood triacylglycerols and hemoglobin A1c. These results suggest that changes in intestinal bacteria are involved in the health benefits of the JD., (Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. Influence of Japanese diet consumption during pregnancy and lactation on lipid metabolism in offspring.
- Author
-
Ishikawa H, Guo X, Sugawara S, Iwagaki Y, Yamamoto K, Konno A, Nishiuchi M, and Tsuduki T
- Subjects
- Animals, Animals, Suckling, Diet, Western, Disease Models, Animal, Female, Japan, Male, Mice, Pregnancy, Diabetes Mellitus prevention & control, Diet, Healthy methods, Lactation, Lipid Metabolism, Obesity prevention & control
- Abstract
Objective: Previous studies have demonstrated that obesity is rare among those who consume the Japanese diet because of its lower caloric content compared with the American diet. Meanwhile, it has been reported that maternal caloric restriction, which induces antiobesity effects, during pregnancy and lactation increases the likelihood of a low birthweight infant, which increases the risks for obesity and diabetes later in life. The aim of this study was to examine the influence of maternal consumption of the Japanese diet during pregnancy and lactation on the risk for obesity and diabetes in the offspring later in life., Methods: Pregnant mice were divided into three groups and fed either a control diet, Western diet, or Japanese diet, and their offspring were raised until 7 wk old., Results: Examinations of 18-d-old and 7-wk-old offspring showed no effect of consistently eating a Japanese diet during pregnancy and lactation on the health conditions of 18-d-old offspring, but 7-wk-old offspring showed a decrease in visceral fat and liver triacylglycerol levels. In addition, 7-wk-old offspring from mothers who consumed the Japanese diet during pregnancy and lactation showed a decrease in the homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance and a reduced risk for developing diabetes. This tendency was also confirmed in 18-d-old offspring. Evaluation of the mechanism revealed that fatty acid synthesis in the liver of the offspring was suppressed by the mother's consumption of the Japanese diet., Conclusion: From these results, maternal consumption of the Japanese diet during pregnancy and lactation did not adversely affect the offspring, and continual intake of this diet reduced the risk for developing obesity and diabetes in the offspring later in life., (Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Analysis of the relationship between the gut microbiome and dementia: a cross-sectional study conducted in Japan.
- Author
-
Saji N, Niida S, Murotani K, Hisada T, Tsuduki T, Sugimoto T, Kimura A, Toba K, and Sakurai T
- Subjects
- Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Japan, Male, Bacteria classification, Bacteria genetics, Dementia microbiology, Feces microbiology, Gastrointestinal Microbiome genetics, RNA, Bacterial genetics, RNA, Ribosomal, 16S genetics
- Abstract
Dysregulation of the gut microbiome is associated with several life-threatening conditions and thus might represent a useful target for the prevention of dementia. However, the relationship between the gut microbial population and dementia has not yet been fully clarified. We recruited outpatients visiting our memory clinic to participate in this study. Information on patient demographics, risk factors, and activities of daily living was collected, and cognitive function was assessed using neuropsychological tests and brain magnetic resonance imaging scans. Faecal samples were obtained, and the gut microbiome was assessed by terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) analysis, one of the most well-established and reliable 16S ribosomal RNA-based methods for classifying gut microbiota. Patients were divided into two groups, demented and non-demented. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to identify the variables independently associated with dementia. The T-RFLP analysis revealed differences in the composition of the gut microbiome: the number of Bacteroides (enterotype I) was lower and the number of 'other' bacteria (enterotype III) was higher in demented than non-demented patients. Multivariable analyses showed that the populations of enterotype I and enterotype III bacteria were strongly associated with dementia, independent of the traditional dementia biomarkers. Further studies of the metabolites of gut microbes are needed to determine the mechanism underlying this association.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Simultaneous Intake of Euglena gracilis and Vegetables Exerts Synergistic Anti-Obesity and Anti-Inflammatory Effects by Modulating the Gut Microbiota in Diet-Induced Obese Mice.
- Author
-
Okouchi R, E S, Yamamoto K, Ota T, Seki K, Imai M, Ota R, Asayama Y, Nakashima A, Suzuki K, and Tsuduki T
- Subjects
- Adipocytes drug effects, Angelica, Animals, Anti-Inflammatory Agents pharmacology, Anti-Inflammatory Agents therapeutic use, Anti-Obesity Agents pharmacology, Anti-Obesity Agents therapeutic use, Bacteria metabolism, Brassica, Diet, High-Fat, Dietary Fiber pharmacology, Drug Synergism, Fatty Acids, Volatile metabolism, Hordeum, Inflammation blood, Inflammation etiology, Intra-Abdominal Fat cytology, Intra-Abdominal Fat metabolism, Lipid Metabolism drug effects, Lipid Metabolism genetics, Male, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Mice, Obese, Obesity metabolism, Obesity microbiology, Obesity pathology, Bacteria drug effects, Dietary Fiber therapeutic use, Euglena gracilis, Gastrointestinal Microbiome drug effects, Inflammation prevention & control, Obesity drug therapy, Vegetables
- Abstract
We determined whether the anti-obesity effect provided by the consumption of Euglena gracilis (Euglena), which is rich in insoluble dietary fiber, could be enhanced by the co-consumption of vegetables with an abundance of soluble dietary fiber. Nine-week-old male C57BL/6J mice were divided into five groups as follows: group 1 received a normal diet, group 2 received a high-fat diet, and groups 3, 4, and 5 received high fat diets containing 0.3% paramylon, 1.0% Euglena, or 1.0% Euglena plus 0.3% vegetables (barley leaf, kale, and ashitaba), respectively. Mice were fed ad libitum until 18 weeks of age. Euglena intake significantly reduced visceral fat accumulation in obese mice, and co-consumption of vegetables enhanced this effect. Consumption of Euglena with vegetables reduced adipocyte area, suppressed the expression of genes related to fatty acid synthesis, upregulated genes related to adipocyte lipolysis, and suppressed serum markers of inflammation. Notably, we also observed an increase in the fraction of short-chain fatty acid-producing beneficial bacteria, a reduction in harmful bacteria that cause inflammation, and an increase in short-chain fatty acid production. Therefore, the co-consumption of vegetables enhanced the anti-obesity and anti-inflammatory effects of Euglena, likely by modulating the gut microbiota composition.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. The Effect of Carbohydrate-Restricted Diets on the Skin Aging of Mice.
- Author
-
Okouchi R, Sakanoi Y, and Tsuduki T
- Subjects
- Animals, Long Term Adverse Effects etiology, Mice, TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases metabolism, Aging physiology, Diet, Carbohydrate-Restricted adverse effects, Long Term Adverse Effects physiopathology, Skin Aging physiology
- Abstract
Low-carbohydrate, high-protein diets, known as carbohydrate-restricted diets, are in contrast to the carbohydrate-centric meals typical of the Japanese diet. Carbohydrate-restricted diets were reported to reduce visceral fat, owing to which they have attracted attention and been widely implemented. If, as proposed, carbohydrate-restricted diets are effective in delaying senescence, then Japanese diets have a hidden potential to evolve further. However, long-term carbohydrate restriction in mice was reported to have a negative effect on the cardiovascular system, with shortening of lifespan due to activation of mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR). As a result, the safety of long-term adherence to carbohydrate-restricted diets remains doubtful. Recently, we conducted a study using senescence-accelerated mouse-prone 8 (SAMP8) mice to examine the effects of a carbohydrate-restricted diet on aging and skin senescence, and to determine the effect of long-term carbohydrate restriction on the aging process in mice. Here, we discuss the safety of long-term carbohydrate restriction based on the findings obtained from animal studies.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Effects of Japanese diet in combination with exercise on visceral fat accumulation.
- Author
-
Asano M, Iwagaki Y, Sugawara S, Kushida M, Okouchi R, Yamamoto K, and Tsuduki T
- Subjects
- Adipocytes, Adipose Tissue metabolism, Adipose Tissue, White metabolism, Animals, Bacteroidetes growth & development, Bacteroidetes metabolism, Body Weight, Butyrates metabolism, Firmicutes growth & development, Firmicutes metabolism, History, 20th Century, Japan, Life Style, Lipids blood, Male, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Obesity metabolism, Obesity microbiology, Obesity, Abdominal metabolism, RNA, Messenger metabolism, Sterol Esterase, Diet history, Feeding Behavior, Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Intra-Abdominal Fat metabolism, Lipolysis genetics, Obesity, Abdominal diet therapy, Physical Conditioning, Animal physiology
- Abstract
Objectives: In our previous study, we showed that among Japanese diets from different time periods, the 1975 Japanese diet has the greatest health benefits and is the most effective to prevent obesity. In addition, exercise is also effective to reduce obesity. Therefore, we conducted a human clinical trial combining the 1975 Japanese diet and exercise and, as a result, found a reduction in body weight, visceral fat, and serum lipids. However, the mechanism of this phenomenon was not determined. Therefore, in this study, we examined this mechanism in mice using a diet that was similar to that used in the human trial., Methods: The modern and 1975 Japanese diets were cooked, lyophilized, powdered, and fed freely to 5 wk old male C57 BL/6 J mice for 8 wk. In addition, the mice exercised on a treadmill., Results: Total white adipose tissue weight decreased significantly due to the interaction between the 1975 Japanese diet and exercise. A histologic examination revealed that the hypertrophy of adipocytes was suppressed. To clarify this mechanism, the mRNA levels for lipid metabolism-related genes in epididymal adipose tissue were measured, and the mRNA level of hormone sensitive lipase (Hsl), which is related to lipolysis, was found to be significantly increased after intake of the 1975 Japanese diet combined with exercise. In the gut microbiota analysis, the Bacteroidetes to Firmicutes ratio, which is decreased in obese people, was increased by the 1975 Japanese diet and exercise. At the genus level, there was an increase in butyrate-producing bacteria as a result of the 1975 Japanese diet intake and exercise., Conclusions: A combination of the 1975 Japanese diet and exercise increased lipolysis in white adipose tissue and increased butyrate-producing bacteria in gut microbiota, and thereby suppressed fat accumulation., (Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Simultaneous Intake of Euglena Gracilis and Vegetables Synergistically Exerts an Anti-Inflammatory Effect and Attenuates Visceral Fat Accumulation by Affecting Gut Microbiota in Mice.
- Author
-
Sakanoi Y, E S, Yamamoto K, Ota T, Seki K, Imai M, Ota R, Asayama Y, Nakashima A, Suzuki K, and Tsuduki T
- Subjects
- Adipocytes cytology, Animals, Cell Size, Fatty Acids, Volatile analysis, Fatty Acids, Volatile blood, Feces chemistry, Glucans administration & dosage, Interleukin-1beta blood, Interleukin-6 blood, Intra-Abdominal Fat chemistry, Lipid Metabolism genetics, Liver chemistry, Male, Mice, Mice, Inbred C57BL, RNA, Messenger analysis, Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances analysis, gamma-Aminobutyric Acid analysis, gamma-Aminobutyric Acid blood, Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Diet, Euglena gracilis physiology, Gastrointestinal Microbiome physiology, Intra-Abdominal Fat growth & development, Vegetables
- Abstract
We determined whether the benefits provided by the consumption of Euglena gracilis (Euglena), which is a unicellular photosynthesizing green alga and rich in insoluble dietary fiber paramylon, can be enhanced by the co-consumption of vegetables that are rich in soluble dietary fiber. Nine-week-old male C57BL/6J mice were divided into four groups: group 1 received normal diet, whereas groups 2, 3 and 4 received normal diet containing 0.3% paramylon, 1.0% Euglena, or 1.0% Euglena plus 0.3% vegetables (barley leaf, kale and ashitaba), respectively. Mice were fed ad libitum until 18 weeks of age. Euglena intake significantly decreased serum markers of inflammation and co-consumption of vegetables enhanced this reduction. Notably, we observed an increase in the fraction of beneficial bacteria producing short-chain fatty acids, a reduction in harmful bacteria that cause inflammation and an increase in short-chain fatty acid production. Visceral fat accumulation was also reduced. Subsequent analyses showed that co-consumption of Euglena with vegetables reduced adipocyte area, suppressed the expression of genes related to fatty acid synthesis and increased the expression of genes related to adipocyte growth and lipolysis. Therefore, co-consumption of Euglena with vegetables enhanced its anti-inflammatory effect and the inhibitory effect on visceral fat accumulation likely by modulating the composition of gut microbiota.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. The effect of dietary lipid on gut microbiota in a senescence-accelerated prone mouse model (SAMP8).
- Author
-
Yamamoto K, Kushida M, and Tsuduki T
- Subjects
- Animals, Dietary Fats metabolism, Male, Mice, Models, Animal, Aging physiology, Aging, Premature metabolism, Aging, Premature microbiology, Diet, High-Fat methods, Fish Oils metabolism, Gastrointestinal Microbiome physiology, Gastrointestinal Tract metabolism, Gastrointestinal Tract microbiology
- Abstract
Gut microbiota change with aging and diet. In a previous study, it was shown that a moderate-fat diet enriched with fish oil had beneficial effects for elderly patients, so we examined the effect of this diet on aging-related changes in gut microbiota in this study. We used 3-month-old male senescence-accelerated prone mice (SAMP8). The mice were fed a normal diet containing 4 g soybean oil/100 g of diet for 6 months and then divided into 4 groups: (1) the Baseline group, ended breeding at 6 months old; (2) the Control group, continued on a normal diet until 15 months old; (3) the MF group, switched to a moderate-fat diet until 15 months old; and (4) the MF + FO group, switched to a moderate-fat diet enriched with fish oil until 15 months old. When mice were 6 or 15 months old, fecal samples were collected and gut microbiota analysis was performed. Gut microbiota analysis at the genus level showed that bacteria known to increase in association with fatty liver and intestinal inflammation increased with aging. However, this alteration was largely inhibited by the moderate-fat diet enriched with fish oil. On the other hand, there was a decrease with aging in the bacteria that play a role in energy consumption, but this alteration was inhibited by the moderate-fat diet enriched with fish oil. These results suggest that a moderate-fat diet enriched with fish oil has beneficial effects on gut microbiota in aging.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Fermented Soybean Suppresses Visceral Fat Accumulation in Mice.
- Author
-
Kushida M, Okouchi R, Iwagaki Y, Asano M, Du MX, Yamamoto K, and Tsuduki T
- Subjects
- Adipose Tissue cytology, Animals, Body Weight, Diet, High-Fat adverse effects, Gene Expression Regulation, Lipid Metabolism genetics, Liver metabolism, Male, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Anti-Obesity Agents pharmacology, Fermented Foods, Gastrointestinal Microbiome genetics, Intra-Abdominal Fat growth & development, Soy Foods
- Abstract
Scope: Mice are fed a soybean diet before or after fermentation in the present work to allow direct comparison of the antiobesity effect of fermentation., Methods: C57BL6J mice were fed high-fat diets containing boiled soybeans (prefermentation) or Natto (postfermentation) for 4 weeks. Prefermented cooked soybeans or Natto was added at levels of 2.5 and 5%, which are the amounts that can be ingested in a normal diet once and twice a day. In addition, mice gut microbiota from fecal samples were analyzed to explore the mechanisms of effects caused by fermentation., Results: Natto intake significantly reduced visceral fat in a dose-dependent manner, inhibited hypertrophy of adipocytes, improved carbohydrate metabolism, and reduced oxidative stress. These effects were seen in mice fed soybeans before fermentation, but were stronger in mice fed Natto. Therefore, soybean intake has beneficial effects and fermentation of soybeans enhances these effects. Natto was found to suppress fatty acid synthesis and promote fatty acid catabolism in the liver. These effects were also stronger with Natto compared with soybeans before fermentation. In addition, Natto had more potent beneficial effects on gut microbiota compared to soybeans., Conclusions: These results suggest that Natto intake supports maintenance of health., (© 2018 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.)
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. Effects of a moderate-fat diet that is enriched with fish oil on intestinal lipid absorption in a senescence-accelerated prone mouse model.
- Author
-
Yamamoto K, Iwagaki Y, Watanabe K, Nochi T, Aso H, and Tsuduki T
- Subjects
- Aging metabolism, Animals, Diet methods, Mice, Soybean Oil pharmacology, Dietary Fats pharmacology, Fish Oils pharmacology, Intestinal Absorption drug effects, Lipid Metabolism drug effects
- Abstract
Objectives: We examined a moderate-fat (MF) diet that is enriched with fish oil (FO) and assessed whether lipid absorption was inhibited in senescence-accelerated prone mice (SAM-P8)., Methods: All mice (N = 70) were fed a normal diet that contained 4 g soybean oil/100 g of diet for 6 mo and then divided the mice into four groups (n = 10 or 20/group). Mice in the baseline group were euthanized at 6 mo old, those in the control group continued on a normal diet until 15 mo of age, those in the MF diet group switched to an MF diet (8 g soybean oil/100 g of diet) until 15 mo of age, and those in the MF + FO group switched to an MF diet that was enriched with FO (6.4 g soybean oil + 1.6 g FO/100 g of diet) until 15 mo of age., Results: The area under the curve for lipid absorption decreased with age but lipid absorption tended to be less attenuated with an MF diet that contained FO. Messenger RNA (mRNA) levels of apolipoprotein B, fatty acid transport protein 4, and microsomal triacylglycerol transfer protein in the small intestine decreased with age but tended to be maintained with an MF diet with or without FO. A histologic analysis of the small intestine showed that villi degenerated with age but the decline was less in mice in the MF + FO group., Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that MF + FO diets can inhibit the attenuation of lipid absorption commensurate with aging in SAM-P8 via a delay of the natural degeneration that occurs in small intestinal villi over time., (Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Effects of Dietary Intake of Japanese Mushrooms on Visceral Fat Accumulation and Gut Microbiota in Mice.
- Author
-
Shimizu T, Mori K, Ouchi K, Kushida M, and Tsuduki T
- Subjects
- Animals, Cholesterol blood, Diet, High-Fat, Dietary Carbohydrates administration & dosage, Dietary Fats administration & dosage, Dietary Fiber administration & dosage, Dietary Proteins administration & dosage, Disease Models, Animal, Fatty Acids, Volatile metabolism, Feces microbiology, Japan, Lactobacillales, Liver metabolism, Male, Mice, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Obesity diet therapy, Obesity prevention & control, Triglycerides blood, Adiposity, Agaricales, Diet, Gastrointestinal Microbiome
- Abstract
A lot of Japanese people are generally known for having a healthy diet, and consume a variety of mushrooms daily. Many studies have reported anti-obesity effects of mushrooms, but few have investigated the effects of consuming a variety of edible mushroom types together in realistic quantities. In this study, we investigated whether supplementation with a variety of mushroom types affects visceral fat accumulation and gut microbiota in mice. The most popular mushroom varieties in Japan were lyophilized and mixed according to their local production ratios. C57BL/6J mice were fed a normal diet, high-fat (HF) diet, HF with 0.5% mushroom mixture (equivalent to 100 g mushrooms/day in humans) or HF with 3% mushroom mixture (equivalent to 600 g mushrooms/day in humans) for 4 weeks. The mice were then sacrificed, and blood samples, tissue samples and feces were collected. Our results show that mushroom intake suppressed visceral fat accumulation and increased the relative abundance of some short chain fatty acid- and lactic acid-producing gut bacteria. These findings suggest that mushroom intake is an effective strategy for obesity prevention., Competing Interests: Three of the authors (T.S., K.M. and K.O.) are salaried employees of the Hokuto Corporation, which cultivated some of the mushrooms used in this study. The remaining authors (M.K. and T.T.) have no conflicts of interest to disclose. All research funding for this study was provided by the Hokuto Corporation.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. The 1975 Japanese diet has a stress reduction effect in mice: search for physiological effects using metabolome analysis.
- Author
-
Iwagaki Y, Sugawara S, Huruya Y, Sato M, Wu Q, E S, Yamamoto K, and Tsuduki T
- Subjects
- Animals, Blood Glucose metabolism, Chromatography, Liquid, Corticosterone blood, Electrophoresis, Capillary, Growth, Immobilization, Insulin blood, Japan, Male, Mass Spectrometry, Mice, Inbred ICR, Principal Component Analysis, gamma-Aminobutyric Acid blood, Blood Proteins metabolism, Diet, Metabolomics, Stress, Physiological
- Abstract
We aimed to find new physiological effects of the Japanese diet. First, to determine the key components in serum from mice fed the 1975 diet, serum from mice fed the 1960, 1975, 1990 or 2005 Japanese diet was analyzed using CE-TOFMS and LC-TOFMS. Based on these results, the key components were determined by principal component analysis. Among the identified compounds, GABA was included. Therefore, a stress reduction effect was inferred as a novel physiological effect of this diet. Next, we tested whether the 1975 diet had an actual stress reduction effect in mice. Mice were given the 1975 diet or a control diet for 4 weeks, after which they were divided into restraint stress and non-stress groups. Mice fed the 1975 diet had significantly decreased stress parameters compared with those fed the control diet. These results provide the first evidence that the 1975 Japanese diet has a stress reduction effect.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Effect of the Japanese diet during pregnancy and lactation or post-weaning on the risk of metabolic syndrome in offspring.
- Author
-
Ishikawa H, Guo X, Sugawara S, Iwagaki Y, Yamamoto K, and Tsuduki T
- Subjects
- Animals, Blood Chemical Analysis, Body Weight drug effects, Female, Liver drug effects, Liver metabolism, Male, Metabolic Syndrome blood, Metabolic Syndrome genetics, Metabolic Syndrome metabolism, Mice, Pregnancy, RNA, Messenger genetics, RNA, Messenger metabolism, Risk, Diet, Lactation, Metabolic Syndrome etiology, Weaning
- Abstract
We examined the effects on offspring of ingestion of the 1975 Japanese diet during pregnancy and lactation and after weaning in mice. Pregnant dams were divided into groups that were fed the Japanese diet or a control diet and raised until offspring were weaned. The offspring after weaning were further divided into groups that were raised on the Japanese diet or the control diet. Ingestion of the Japanese diet after weaning suppressed accumulation of visceral fat in offspring, and reduced the amount of lipids in serum and liver. This effect was weakened if the Japanese diet was only ingested during pregnancy and lactation. Therefore, it was suggested that ingestion of the Japanese diet of mothers during pregnancy and lactation weakens the lipid accumulation inhibitory effect of the Japanese diet in children.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. The 1975 Type Japanese Diet Improves Lipid Metabolic Parameters in Younger Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
- Author
-
Sugawara S, Kushida M, Iwagaki Y, Asano M, Yamamoto K, Tomata Y, Tsuji I, and Tsuduki T
- Subjects
- Adult, Blood Chemical Analysis, Body Composition, Body Fat Distribution, Cholesterol, HDL blood, Diet, Healthy, Female, Humans, Japan, Learning, Longevity, Magnesium blood, Male, Memory, Triglycerides blood, Young Adult, Diet, Lipid Metabolism
- Abstract
In our previous study, the health benefits of the 1975 Japanese diet were shown to be the highest, since the diet suppressed visceral and liver fat accumulation, and hyperglycemia. In addition, the 1975 Japanese diet promoted maintenance of learning memory ability and a lengthened life span. However, the effect of the 1975 Japanese diet has not been ascertained in humans. In the current study, a diet with the characteristics of the 1975 Japanese diet was prepared to examine if this diet is beneficial for human health. The purpose of this randomized controlled trial was to determine effects of the 1975 Japanese diet (JD) in comparison with a modern Japanese diet (MD). Subjects aged 20~29 years old were randomly assigned to the MD (n=16) and JD (n=16) groups. Each subject consumed the diet three times a day for 28 days. Changes in physical conditions, including body composition and blood biochemistry, from before to after the study period were evaluated. As a result, body weight (p < 0.05), body fat percentage (p < 0.05), body fat mass (p < 0.05), serum triglyceride level (p < 0.05), and serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level (p < 0.05) were significantly decreased and serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (p < 0.05) and serum magnesium levels (p < 0.05) were significantly increased in JD group. These results showed that a diet with the characteristics of the 1975 Japanese diet has a beneficial effect on lipid metabolic parameters.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Identification of Characteristic Components and Foodstuffs in Healthy Japanese Diet and the Health Effects of a Diet with Increased Use Frequency of these Foodstuffs.
- Author
-
Iwagaki Y, Sakamoto Y, Sugawara S, Mizowaki Y, Yamamoto K, Sugawara T, Kimura K, and Tsuduki T
- Subjects
- Adiponectin blood, Adipose Tissue, White physiology, Animals, Asian People, Body Weight, Diet, Fishes, Humans, Male, Mice, Inbred ICR, Principal Component Analysis, Vegetables, Cholesterol blood, Diet, Healthy, Liver physiology
- Abstract
Scope: Our recent study showed that the 1975 Japanese diet exhibited strong health benefits. In the current study, we aimed to develop a diet with even higher health benefits., Methods: First, to determine the characteristic components in the 1975 diet, we used mass spectrometry for analysis of Japanese diets from several years and performed principal component analysis. Next, a diet with an increased use frequency of foodstuffs contained characteristic components (the modified diet) was prepared and fed to mice., Results: Performed principal component analysis revealed that the 1975 diet contained 14 characteristic components that were found in fish, fruits, vegetables, seaweed, soybean foods, soup stock "dashi", and fermented seasoning. Based on these, the modified diet was prepared and fed to mice. The liver total cholesterol and serum LDL cholesterol decreased significantly in mice fed the modified diet and serum total cholesterol showed a downward trend, compared to mice fed the 1975 diet. There was no difference between the modified diet and the control groups. In addition, serum adiponectin level increased in mice fed the modified diet and serum TBARS and IL-6 levels decreased., Conclusion: By modifying the 1975 diet, it was possible to make a diet with more benefit., (© 2017 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.)
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Standardisation of the Japanese diet for use in animal experiments.
- Author
-
Sugawara S, Mizowaki Y, Iwagaki Y, Sakamoto Y, Yamamoto K, and Tsuduki T
- Subjects
- Adipose Tissue metabolism, Animals, Diet adverse effects, Diet trends, History, 20th Century, Japan, Male, Mice, Inbred ICR, Obesity metabolism, Obesity prevention & control, Animal Experimentation, Diet standards, Obesity complications
- Abstract
The aim of this study was to develop a purified diet that mimics the characteristics of the Japanese diet using readily available materials with a simpler composition and a focus on quality, with the goal of facilitating performance of studies on the Japanese diet worldwide. The utility of the new diet was examined as a mimic of the standard Japanese diet for use in animal experiments. We examined whether a key characteristic of the Japanese diet of being less likely to cause obesity could be reproduced. The mimic diet had a balance of protein, fat and carbohydrate based on the 1975 Japanese diet, which is the least likely to cause obesity, and materials chosen with reference to the National Health and Nutrition Survey (NHNS). To examine similarities of the mimic diet with the model 1975 Japanese diet, we created a menu of the 1975 diet based on the NHNS and prepared the freeze-dried and powdered diet. The mimic diet, the 1975 Japanese diet, a control AIN-93G diet and a Western diet were fed to mice for 4 weeks. As a result, the mimic diet and the 1975 diet resulted in less accumulation of visceral fat and liver fat. Mice given these two diets showed similar effects. This indicates that the mimic diet used in this study has characteristics of the 1975 Japanese diet and could be used as a standard Japanese diet in animal experiments.
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
Catalog
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.