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Simultaneous Intake of Euglena gracilis and Vegetables Exerts Synergistic Anti-Obesity and Anti-Inflammatory Effects by Modulating the Gut Microbiota in Diet-Induced Obese Mice.
- Source :
-
Nutrients [Nutrients] 2019 Jan 21; Vol. 11 (1). Date of Electronic Publication: 2019 Jan 21. - Publication Year :
- 2019
-
Abstract
- We determined whether the anti-obesity effect provided by the consumption of Euglena gracilis (Euglena), which is rich in insoluble dietary fiber, could be enhanced by the co-consumption of vegetables with an abundance of soluble dietary fiber. Nine-week-old male C57BL/6J mice were divided into five groups as follows: group 1 received a normal diet, group 2 received a high-fat diet, and groups 3, 4, and 5 received high fat diets containing 0.3% paramylon, 1.0% Euglena, or 1.0% Euglena plus 0.3% vegetables (barley leaf, kale, and ashitaba), respectively. Mice were fed ad libitum until 18 weeks of age. Euglena intake significantly reduced visceral fat accumulation in obese mice, and co-consumption of vegetables enhanced this effect. Consumption of Euglena with vegetables reduced adipocyte area, suppressed the expression of genes related to fatty acid synthesis, upregulated genes related to adipocyte lipolysis, and suppressed serum markers of inflammation. Notably, we also observed an increase in the fraction of short-chain fatty acid-producing beneficial bacteria, a reduction in harmful bacteria that cause inflammation, and an increase in short-chain fatty acid production. Therefore, the co-consumption of vegetables enhanced the anti-obesity and anti-inflammatory effects of Euglena, likely by modulating the gut microbiota composition.
- Subjects :
- Adipocytes drug effects
Angelica
Animals
Anti-Inflammatory Agents pharmacology
Anti-Inflammatory Agents therapeutic use
Anti-Obesity Agents pharmacology
Anti-Obesity Agents therapeutic use
Bacteria metabolism
Brassica
Diet, High-Fat
Dietary Fiber pharmacology
Drug Synergism
Fatty Acids, Volatile metabolism
Hordeum
Inflammation blood
Inflammation etiology
Intra-Abdominal Fat cytology
Intra-Abdominal Fat metabolism
Lipid Metabolism drug effects
Lipid Metabolism genetics
Male
Mice, Inbred C57BL
Mice, Obese
Obesity metabolism
Obesity microbiology
Obesity pathology
Bacteria drug effects
Dietary Fiber therapeutic use
Euglena gracilis
Gastrointestinal Microbiome drug effects
Inflammation prevention & control
Obesity drug therapy
Vegetables
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 2072-6643
- Volume :
- 11
- Issue :
- 1
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Nutrients
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 30669573
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11010204