950 results on '"S.J. Wilson"'
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2. Petitions to Wind Up (Companies): S.J. WILSON (ROOFING CONTRACTORS) LIMITED
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General interest ,News, opinion and commentary - Abstract
London: The Gazette (official Public Record office) of United Kingdom has issued the following notice:A Petition to wind up the above-named Company, Registration Number 02998790, of ,34 Howard Business Park, [...]
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- 2019
3. Reports from S.J. Wilson et al Highlight Recent Findings in Neuroimaging (Neuroimaging craving: urge intensity matters)
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Health ,Psychology and mental health - Abstract
By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Mental Health Weekly Digest -- A new study on Neuroimaging is now available. According to news originating from Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, by NewsRx correspondents, [...]
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- 2015
4. Asthma similarities across ProAR (Brazil) and U-BIOPRED (Europe) adult cohorts of contrasting locations, ethnicity and socioeconomic status
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Ana R. Sousa, Anna Selby, Jeanette Bigler, Hans Bisgaard, J. Cunha, I.M. Adcock, A.C.C. Coelho, Ryan Santos Costa, Pieter-Paul Hekking, Louise Fleming, Kai Sun, Amphun Chaiboonchoe, C.V.N. Santana, P. Moura-Santos, Scott Wagers, Ratko Djukanovic, G.P. Pinheiro, G. Hedlin, J.V. de Jesus, Kian Fan Chung, Jacek Musiał, Thomas Geiser, F. Baribaud, Emília Maria Medeiros de Andrade Belitardo, L. Cardoso, Klaus Bønnelykke, Anthony D. Postle, P H Howarth, Adelmir Souza-Machado, Valmar Biao-Lima, Stephen J. Fowler, Craig E. Wheelock, Alvaro A. Cruz, Mauricio Lima Barreto, Maria Ilma Araujo, Massimo Caruso, Laurie Pahus, P. J. Cooper, Florian Singer, W.M.C. van Aalderen, Paulo Augusto Moreira Camargos, Wolfgang Seibold, Ildiko Horvath, René Lutter, P.C.A. Almeida, I. Pandis, Victoria M. Goss, Aruna T. Bansal, John H. Riley, M. Puig Valls, P. Powel, Amanda Roberts, Alexander Mazein, M. Miralpeix, I. Paixao-Araujo, B. De Meulder, Michael Boedigheimer, Isaac Suzart Gomes-Filho, Chris Compton, C. Auffray, Jamie Matthews, Diane Lefaudeux, Elena Formaggio, A.A. Cruz, L.M. Mello, Anthony V. D'Amico, A. Lima-Matos, J. Fernandes, P. J. Sterk, Clare S. Murray, Enrica Bucchioni, Andrea Meiser, D. Erzen, Roelinde Middelveld, M. van Geest, Jørgen Vestbo, Alan J. Knox, Graham Roberts, Norbert Krug, Stewart Bates, G. Santos-Lima, Maggie Davis, Stelios Pavlidis, Paul Skipp, Yike Guo, Ariane H. Wagener, E.V. Ponte, Jens M. Hohlfeld, A. Souza-Machado, M.A. Lessa, I.S. Muniz, C.S. Cruz, Nadja Hawwa Vissing, Neuza Maria Alcantara-Neves, Tim Higenbottam, Navin Rao, Dominic Burg, Sarah Masefield, Z. Weiszhart, Matthew J. Loza, J. Haughney, Simone Hashimoto, Per Bakke, B. Thornton, José Miguel Chatkin, Andrew Bush, SE Dahlen, Joost Brandsma, N. Mores, G. Praticò, Kathleen C. Barnes, Carolina Souza-Machado, Rafael Stelmach, V. Bião-Lima, Martina Gahlemann, Paolo Montuschi, T.M.O. Souza, V.S. Vasquez, Camila Alexandrina Figueiredo, P. Chanez, Eduardo Vieira Ponte, Neil Fitch, Anthony Rowe, Cecile T.J. Holweg, S.J. Wilson, K. Fichtner, Alexander Manta, Lidia Lins, Dominic E. Shaw, David Myles, Julie Corfield, B. Dahlén, Thomas Sandström, Peter J. Sterk, Ian M. Adcock, Ralf Sigmund, James P.R. Schofield, Urs Frey, Laura C. Rodrigues, Leila Denise Alves Ferreira Amorim, E.H.D. Bel, Anna James, R.A. Franco, Paula Cristina Andrade Almeida, Paul Brinkman, H. Ahmed, Veit J. Erpenbeck, Richard G. Knowles, National Institute for Health Research, Pulmonology, and AII - Inflammatory diseases
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Male ,Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems ,BLOOD ,Cross-sectional study ,COUNT ,Respiratory System ,Ethnic group ,Disease ,Severity of Illness Index ,Cohort Studies ,0302 clinical medicine ,Quality of life ,Forced Expiratory Volume ,Disease management ,Medicine ,030212 general & internal medicine ,610 Medicine & health ,1102 Cardiorespiratory Medicine and Haematology ,Middle Aged ,PREVALENCE ,Europe ,Phenotypes ,Phenotype ,INFECTIONS ,Female ,Life Sciences & Biomedicine ,Brazil ,Cohort study ,Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine ,Adult ,Cross sectional study ,U-BIOPRED Study Groups ,03 medical and health sciences ,FEV1/FVC ratio ,ProAR Study Group ,Humans ,Socioeconomic status ,Asthma ,Science & Technology ,business.industry ,1103 Clinical Sciences ,medicine.disease ,SPIROMETRY ,REFERENCE VALUES ,respiratory tract diseases ,SEVERITY ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,030228 respiratory system ,Social Class ,Cardiovascular System & Cardiology ,Quality of Life ,business ,Biomarkers ,Demography - Abstract
Background Asthma prevalence is 339 million globally. ‘Severe asthma’ (SA) comprises subjects with uncontrolled asthma despite proper management. Objectives To compare asthma from diverse ethnicities and environments. Methods A cross-sectional analysis of two adult cohorts, a Brazilian (ProAR) and a European (U-BIOPRED). U-BIOPRED comprised of 311 non-smoking with Severe Asthma (SAn), 110 smokers or ex-smokers with SA (SAs) and 88 mild to moderate asthmatics (MMA) while ProAR included 544 SA and 452 MMA. Although these projects were independent, there were similarities in objectives and methodology, with ProAR adopting operating procedures of U-BIOPRED. Results Among SA subjects, age, weight, proportion of former smokers and FEV1 pre-bronchodilator were similar. The proportion of SA with a positive skin prick tests (SPT) to aeroallergens, the scores of sino-nasal symptoms and quality of life were comparable. In addition, blood eosinophil counts (EOS) and the % of subjects with EOS > 300 cells/μl were not different. The Europeans with SA however, were more severe with a greater proportion of continuous oral corticosteroids (OCS), worse symptoms and more frequent exacerbations. FEV1/FVC pre- and post-bronchodilator were lower among the Europeans. The MMA cohorts were less comparable in control and treatment, but similar in the proportion of allergic rhinitis, gastroesophageal reflux disease and EOS >3%. Conclusions ProAR and U-BIOPRED cohorts, with varying severity, ethnicity and environment have similarities, which provide the basis for global external validation of asthma phenotypes. This should stimulate collaboration between asthma consortia with the aim of understanding SA, which will lead to better management.
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- 2019
5. Consideraciones sobre la gobernanza y la restauración del paisaje forestal: Retos y oportunidades para la presente década
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R.L., Chazdon, primary, S.J., Wilson, additional, E., Brondizio, additional, J., Herbohn, additional, and M.R., Guariguata, additional
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- 2020
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6. Epithelial IL-6 trans-signaling defines a new asthma phenotype with increased airway inflammation
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Zala Jevnikar, Jörgen Östling, Elisabeth Ax, Jenny Calvén, Kristofer Thörn, Elisabeth Israelsson, Lisa Öberg, Akul Singhania, Laurie C.K. Lau, Susan J. Wilson, Jonathan A. Ward, Anoop Chauhan, Ana R. Sousa, Bertrand De Meulder, Matthew J. Loza, Frédéric Baribaud, Peter J. Sterk, Kian Fan Chung, Kai Sun, Yike Guo, Ian M. Adcock, Debbie Payne, Barbro Dahlen, Pascal Chanez, Dominick E. Shaw, Norbert Krug, Jens M. Hohlfeld, Thomas Sandström, Ratko Djukanovic, Anna James, Timothy S.C. Hinks, Peter H. Howarth, Outi Vaarala, Marleen van Geest, Henric Olsson, I.M. Adcock, H. Ahmed, C. Auffray, P. Bakke, A.T. Bansal, F. Baribaud, S. Bates, E.H. Bel, J. Bigler, H. Bisgaard, M.J. Boedigheimer, K. Bønnelykke, J. Brandsma, P. Brinkman, E. Bucchioni, D. Burg, A. Bush, M. Caruso, A. Chaiboonchoe, P. Chanez, F.K. Chung, C.H. Compton, J. Corfield, A. D'Amico, S.E. Dahlen, B. De Meulder, R. Djukanovic, V.J. Erpenbeck, D. Erzen, K. Fichtner, N. Fitch, L.J. Fleming, E. Formaggio, S.J. Fowler, U. Frey, M. Gahlemann, T. Geiser, V. Goss, Y. Guo, S. Hashimoto, J. Haughney, G. Hedlin, P.W. Hekking, T. Higenbottam, J.M. Hohlfeld, C. Holweg, I. Horváth, A.J. James, R. Knowles, A.J. Knox, N. Krug, D. Lefaudeux, M.J. Loza, A. Manta, J.G. Matthews, A. Mazein, A. Meiser, R.J.M. Middelveld, M. Miralpeix, P. Montuschi, N. Mores, C.S. Murray, J. Musial, D. Myles, L. Pahus, I. Pandis, S. Pavlidis, A. Postle, P. Powel, G. Praticò, N. Rao, J. Riley, A. Roberts, G. Roberts, A. Rowe, T. Sandström, J.P.R. Schofield, W. Seibold, A. Selby, D.E. Shaw, R. Sigmund, F. Singer, P.J. Skipp, A.R. Sousa, P.J. Sterk, K. Sun, B. Thornton, W.M. van Aalderen, M. van Geest, J. Vestbo, N.H. Vissing, A.H. Wagener, S.S. Wagers, Z. Weiszhart, C.E. Wheelock, S.J. Wilson, Publica, HUS Children and Adolescents, Commission of the European Communities, Pulmonology, AII - Inflammatory diseases, and Paediatric Pulmonology
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Male ,0301 basic medicine ,MMP3 ,Allergy ,MATRIX METALLOPROTEINASES ,Respiratory Medicine and Allergy ,Eepithelial integrity ,airway inflammation ,Systemic inflammation ,DISEASE ,Cohort Studies ,transcriptomics ,0302 clinical medicine ,Receptors ,Immunology and Allergy ,Lung ,Macrophage inflammatory protein ,Cells, Cultured ,Lungmedicin och allergi ,remodeling ,Toll-like receptor ,Cultured ,CHITINASE-LIKE PROTEIN ,3. Good health ,Phenotype ,TARGET ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,1107 Immunology ,Airway Remodeling ,eosinophils ,medicine.symptom ,Life Sciences & Biomedicine ,hierarchical clustering ,Signal Transduction ,Adult ,Settore BIO/14 - FARMACOLOGIA ,Immunology ,lung epithelium ,03 medical and health sciences ,HYPERRESPONSIVENESS ,Respiratory Hypersensitivity ,medicine ,Humans ,Hierarchical Clustering ,Inflammation ,Science & Technology ,Innate immune system ,exacerbation frequency ,Interleukin-6 ,business.industry ,Sputum ,Epithelial Cells ,Gene signature ,Receptors, Interleukin-6 ,DYSFUNCTION ,Asthma ,respiratory tract diseases ,Eosinophils ,Unbiased Biomarkers in Prediction of Respiratory Disease Outcomes study group ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,SEVERITY ,030104 developmental biology ,Gene Expression Regulation ,030228 respiratory system ,INTERLEUKIN-6 RECEPTOR ,BARRIER FUNCTION ,3121 General medicine, internal medicine and other clinical medicine ,CELLS ,epithelial integrity ,IL-6 signaling ,Exacerbation frequency ,Transcriptome ,business ,Biomarkers - Abstract
BackgroundAlthough several studies link high levels of IL-6 and soluble IL-6 receptor (sIL-6R) to asthma severity and decreased lung function, the role of IL-6 trans-signaling (IL-6TS) in asthmatic patients is unclear.ObjectiveWe sought to explore the association between epithelial IL-6TS pathway activation and molecular and clinical phenotypes in asthmatic patients.MethodsAn IL-6TS gene signature obtained from air-liquid interface cultures of human bronchial epithelial cells stimulated with IL-6 and sIL-6R was used to stratify lung epithelial transcriptomic data (Unbiased Biomarkers in Prediction of Respiratory Disease Outcomes [U-BIOPRED] cohorts) by means of hierarchical clustering. IL-6TS–specific protein markers were used to stratify sputum biomarker data (Wessex cohort). Molecular phenotyping was based on transcriptional profiling of epithelial brushings, pathway analysis, and immunohistochemical analysis of bronchial biopsy specimens.ResultsActivation of IL-6TS in air-liquid interface cultures reduced epithelial integrity and induced a specific gene signature enriched in genes associated with airway remodeling. The IL-6TS signature identified a subset of patients with IL-6TS–high asthma with increased epithelial expression of IL-6TS–inducible genes in the absence of systemic inflammation. The IL-6TS–high subset had an overrepresentation of frequent exacerbators, blood eosinophilia, and submucosal infiltration of T cells and macrophages. In bronchial brushings Toll-like receptor pathway genes were upregulated, whereas expression of cell junction genes was reduced. Sputum sIL-6R and IL-6 levels correlated with sputum markers of remodeling and innate immune activation, in particular YKL-40, matrix metalloproteinase 3, macrophage inflammatory protein 1β, IL-8, and IL-1β.ConclusionsLocal lung epithelial IL-6TS activation in the absence of type 2 airway inflammation defines a novel subset of asthmatic patients and might drive airway inflammation and epithelial dysfunction in these patients.
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- 2019
7. IL-17-high asthma with features of a psoriasis immunophenotype
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Jörgen Östling, Marleen van Geest, James P.R. Schofield, Zala Jevnikar, Susan Wilson, Jonathan Ward, Rene Lutter, Dominick E. Shaw, Per S. Bakke, Massimo Caruso, Sven-Erik Dahlen, Stephen J. Fowler, Ildikó Horváth, Norbert Krug, Paolo Montuschi, Marek Sanak, Thomas Sandström, Kai Sun, Ioannis Pandis, Charles Auffray, Ana R. Sousa, Yike Guo, Ian M. Adcock, Peter Howarth, Kian Fan Chung, Jeanette Bigler, Peter J. Sterk, Paul J. Skipp, Ratko Djukanović, Outi Vaarala, I.M. Adcock, H. Ahmed, C. Auffray, P. Bakke, A.T. Bansal, F. Baribaud, S. Bates, E.H. Bel, J. Bigler, H. Bisgaard, M.J. Boedigheimer, K. Bønnelykke, J. Brandsma, P. Brinkman, E. Bucchioni, D. Burg, A. Bush, M. Caruso, A. Chaiboonchoe, P. Chanez, K.F. Chung, C.H. Compton, J. Corfield, A. D'Amico, S.E. Dahlen, B. De Meulder, R. Djukanovic, V.J. Erpenbeck, D. Erzen, K. Fichtner, N. Fitch, L.J. Fleming, E. Formaggio, S.J. Fowler, U. Frey, M. Gahlemann, T. Geiser, Y. Guo, S. Hashimoto, J. Haughney, G. Hedlin, P.W. Hekking, T. Higenbottam, J.M. Hohlfeld, C. Holweg, I. Horváth, P. Howarth, A.J. James, R. Knowles, A.J. Knox, N. Krug, D. Lefaudeux, M.J. Loza, R. Lutter, A. Manta, S. Masefield, A. Mazein, A. Meiser, R.J.M. Middelveld, M. Miralpeix, P. Montuschi, N. Mores, C.S. Murray, J. Musial, D. Myles, L. Pahus, I. Pandis, S. Pavlidis, P. Powell, G. Praticò, M. Puig N. Rao, J. Riley, A. Roberts, G. Roberts, A. Rowe, T. Sandström, W. Seibold, A. Selby, D.E. Shaw, R. Sigmund, F. Singer, P.J. Skipp, A.R. Sousa, P.J. Sterk, K. Sun, B. Thornton, W.M. van Aalderen, M. van Geest, J. Vestbo, N.H. Vissing, A.H. Wagener, S.S. Wagers, Z. Weiszhart, C.E. Wheelock, S.J. Wilson, Antonios Aliprantis, David Allen, Kjell Alving, P. Badorrek, David Balgoma, S. Ballereau, Clair Barber, Manohara Kanangana Batuwitage, A. Bautmans, A. Bedding, A.F. Behndig, Jorge Beleta, A. Berglind, A. Berton, Grazyna Bochenek, Armin Braun, D. Campagna, Leon Carayannopoulos, C. Casaulta, Romanas Chaleckis, B. Dahlén, imothy Davison, Jorge De Alba, Inge De Lepeleire, Tamara Dekker, Ingrid Delin, P. Dennison, Annemiek Dijkhuis, Paul Dodson, Aleksandra Draper, K. Dyson, Jessica Edwards, L. El Hadjam, Rosalia Emma, Magnus Ericsson, C. Faulenbach, Breda Flood, G. Galffy, Hector Gallart, D. Garissi, J. Gent, M. Gerhardsson de Verdier, D. Gibeon, Cristina Gomez, Kerry Gove, Neil Gozzard, E. Guillmant-Farry, E. Henriksson, Lorraine Hewitt, U. Hoda, Richard Hu, Sile Hu, X. Hu, E. Jeyasingham, K. Johnson, N. Jullian, Juliette Kamphuis, Erika J. Kennington, Dyson Kerry, G. Kerry, M. Klüglich, Hugo Knobel, Johan Kolmert, J.R. Konradsen, Maxim Kots, Kosmas Kretsos, L. Krueger, Scott Kuo, Maciej Kupczyk, Bart Lambrecht, A.-S. Lantz, Christopher Larminie, L.X. Larsson, P. Latzin, N. Lazarinis, N. Lemonnier, Saeeda Lone-Latif, L.A. Lowe, Alexander Manta, Lisa Marouzet, Jane Martin, Caroline Mathon, L. McEvoy, Sally Meah, A. Menzies-Gow, Leanne Metcalf, Maria Mikus, Philip Monk, Shama Naz, K. Nething, Ben Nicholas, U. Nihlén, Peter Nilsson, R. Niven, B. Nordlund, S. Nsubuga, Antonio Pacino, Susanna Palkonen, J. Pellet, Giorgio Pennazza, Anne Petrén, Sandy Pink, C. Pison, Anthony Postle, Malayka Rahman-Amin, Lara Ravanetti, Emma Ray, Stacey Reinke, Leanne Reynolds, K. Riemann, Martine Robberechts, J.P. Rocha, C. Rossios, Kirsty Russell, Michael Rutgers, G. Santini, Marco Santoninco, M. Saqi, Corinna Schoelch, S. Scott, N. Sehgal, Marcus Sjödin, Barbara Smids, Caroline Smith, Jessica Smith, Katherine M. Smith, P. Söderman, A. Sogbessan, F. Spycher, Doroteya Staykova, S. Stephan, J. Stokholm, K. Strandberg, M. Sunther, M. Szentkereszty, L. Tamasi, K. Tariq, John-Olof Thörngren, Jonathan Thorsen, S. Valente, Marianne van de Pol, C.M. van Drunen, Jonathan Van Eyll, Jenny Versnel, Anton Vink, C. von Garnier, A. Vyas, Frans Wald, Samantha Walker, Kristiane Wetzel, Coen Wiegman, Siân Williams, Xian Yang, Elizabeth Yeyasingham, W. Yu Amgen, W. Zetterquist, Z. Zolkipli, A.H. Zwinderman, Publica, Pediatric surgery, Amsterdam Reproduction & Development (AR&D), Pulmonology, AII - Inflammatory diseases, Experimental Immunology, Ear, Nose and Throat, Epidemiology and Data Science, APH - Methodology, and Commission of the European Communities
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0301 basic medicine ,Male ,URINARY-EXCRETION ,Allergy ,Neutrophils ,Inflammatory bowel disease ,Cohort Studies ,DOUBLE-BLIND ,0302 clinical medicine ,Immunology and Allergy ,POPULATION ,Interleukin-13 ,Interleukin-17 ,psoriasis ,BRODALUMAB ,Up-Regulation ,IL-17 ,Phenotype ,1107 Immunology ,Biomarker (medicine) ,Female ,Interleukin 17 ,medicine.symptom ,Life Sciences & Biomedicine ,ENDOTYPES ,Signal Transduction ,EXPRESSION ,Adult ,Settore BIO/14 - FARMACOLOGIA ,Immunology ,PHENOTYPES ,Bronchi ,03 medical and health sciences ,INFLAMMATION ,Psoriasis ,medicine ,Humans ,Interleukin 8 ,Asthma ,U-BIOPRED Study Group ,Science & Technology ,business.industry ,Gene Expression Profiling ,biomarkers ,Epithelial Cells ,asthma ,bronchial brushings ,medicine.disease ,bronchial biopsies ,Neutrophilia ,030104 developmental biology ,030228 respiratory system ,EXACERBATION ,CELLS ,Sputum ,business ,Transcriptome ,Biomarkers - Abstract
Background The role of IL-17 immunity is well established in patients with inflammatory diseases, such as psoriasis and inflammatory bowel disease, but not in asthmatic patients, in whom further study is required. Objective We sought to undertake a deep phenotyping study of asthmatic patients with upregulated IL-17 immunity. Methods Whole-genome transcriptomic analysis was performed by using epithelial brushings, bronchial biopsy specimens (91 asthmatic patients and 46 healthy control subjects), and whole blood samples (n = 498) from the Unbiased Biomarkers for the Prediction of Respiratory Disease Outcomes (U-BIOPRED) cohort. Gene signatures induced in vitro by IL-17 and IL-13 in bronchial epithelial cells were used to identify patients with IL-17–high and IL-13–high asthma phenotypes. Results Twenty-two of 91 patients were identified with IL-17, and 9 patients were identified with IL-13 gene signatures. The patients with IL-17–high asthma were characterized by risk of frequent exacerbations, airway (sputum and mucosal) neutrophilia, decreased lung microbiota diversity, and urinary biomarker evidence of activation of the thromboxane B2 pathway. In pathway analysis the differentially expressed genes in patients with IL-17-high asthma were shared with those reported as altered in psoriasis lesions and included genes regulating epithelial barrier function and defense mechanisms, such as IL1B, IL6, IL8, and β-defensin. Conclusion The IL-17–high asthma phenotype, characterized by bronchial epithelial dysfunction and upregulated antimicrobial and inflammatory response, resembles the immunophenotype of psoriasis, including activation of the thromboxane B2 pathway, which should be considered a biomarker for this phenotype in further studies, including clinical trials targeting IL-17.
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- 2019
8. Pathway discovery using transcriptomic profiles in adult-onset severe asthma
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Pieter-Paul Hekking, Matt J. Loza, Stelios Pavlidis, Bertrand de Meulder, Diane Lefaudeux, Fred Baribaud, Charles Auffray, Ariane H. Wagener, Paul Brinkman, Rene Lutter, Aruna T. Bansal, Ana R. Sousa, Steve A. Bates, Yannis Pandis, Louise J. Fleming, Dominique E. Shaw, Stephen J. Fowler, Y. Guo, Andrea Meiser, Kai Sun, Julie Corfield, Peter H. Howarth, Elisabeth H. Bel, Ian M. Adcock, Kian Fan Chung, Ratko Djukanovic, Peter J. Sterk, I.M. Adcock, H. Ahmed, C. Auffray, P. Bakke, A.T. Bansal, F. Baribaud, S. Bates, E.H. Bel, J. Bigler, H. Bisgaard, M.J. Boedigheimer, K. Bønnelykke, J. Brandsma, P. Brinkman, E. Bucchioni, D. Burg, A. Bush, M. Caruso, A. Chaiboonchoe, P. Chanez, F.K. Chung, C.H. Compton, J. Corfield, A. D'Amico, S.E. Dahlen, B. De Meulder, R. Djukanovic, V.J. Erpenbeck, D. Erzen, K. Fichtner, N. Fitch, L.J. Fleming, E. Formaggio, S.J. Fowler, U. Frey, M. Gahlemann, T. Geiser, S. Hashimoto, J. Haughney, G. Hedlin, P.W. Hekking, T. Higenbottam, J.M. Hohlfeld, C. Holweg, I. Horváth, P. Howarth, A.J. James, R. Knowles, N. Krug, D. Lefaudeux, M.J. Loza, R. Lutter, A. Manta, S. Masefield, J.G. Matthews, A. Mazein, A. Meiser, R.J.M. Middelveld, M. Miralpeix, N. Mores, C.S. Murray, J. Musial, D. Myles, L. Pahus, I. Pandis, S. Pavlidis, P. Powel, G. Praticò, M Puig Valls, N. Rao, J. Riley, A. Roberts, G. Roberts, A. Rowe, T. Sandström, W. Seibold, A. Selby, D.E. Shaw, R. Sigmund, F. Singer, P.J. Skipp, A.R. Sousa, P.J. Sterk, K. Sun, B. Thornton, W.M. van Aalderen, M. van Geest, J. Vestbo, N.H. Vissing, A.H. Wagener, S.S. Wagers, Z. Weiszhart, C.E. Wheelock, S.J. Wilson, Publica, Pulmonology, AII - Inflammatory diseases, Graduate School, AII - Amsterdam institute for Infection and Immunity, ARD - Amsterdam Reproduction and Development, Medical Research Council (MRC), and Pediatric surgery
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0301 basic medicine ,Male ,Allergy ,Severe asthma ,ILC3 ,mast cells ,Disease ,Eosinophil ,Severity of Illness Index ,transcriptomics ,0302 clinical medicine ,Eosinophilic ,Immunology and Allergy ,Medicine ,Age of Onset ,Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ,mechanisms ,Innate lymphoid cell ,Adult-onset asthma ,eosinophils ,gene set variation analysis ,phenotyping ,severe asthma ,Middle Aged ,Phenotype ,Asthma Control Questionnaire ,1107 Immunology ,Female ,medicine.symptom ,Adult ,Genetic Markers ,Immunology ,mechanism ,macromolecular substances ,Lung injury ,03 medical and health sciences ,Humans ,adult-onset asthma ,Asthma ,U-BIOPRED Study Group ,business.industry ,Gene Expression Profiling ,medicine.disease ,respiratory tract diseases ,030104 developmental biology ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,030228 respiratory system ,Sputum ,business ,Transcriptome ,mast cell - Abstract
Background: Adult-onset severe asthma is characterized by highly symptomatic disease despite high-intensity asthma treatments. Understanding of the underlying pathways of this heterogeneous disease is needed for the development of targeted treatments. Gene set variation analysis is a statistical technique used to identify gene profiles in heterogeneous samples. Objective: We sought to identify gene profiles associated with adult-onset severe asthma. Methods: This was a cross-sectional, observational study in which adult patients with adult-onset of asthma (defined as starting at age ≥18 years) as compared with childhood-onset severe asthma (
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- 2018
9. Preoperative risk factors for conversion from laparoscopic to open cholecystectomy: a validated risk score derived from a prospective U.K. database of 8820 patients
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Robert P. Sutcliffe, Marianne Hollyman, James Hodson, Glenn Bonney, Ravi S. Vohra, Ewen A. Griffiths, Stephen Fenwick, Mohamed Elmasry, Quentin Nunes, David Kennedy, Raja B. Khan, Muhammad A.S. Khan, Conor J. Magee, Steven M. Jones, Denise Mason, Ciny P. Parappally, Pawan Mathur, Michael Saunders, Sara Jamel, Samer U.l. Haque, Sara Zafar, Muhammad H. Shiwani, Nehemiah Samuel, Farooq Dar, Andrew Jackson, Bryony Lovett, Shiva Dindyal, Hannah Winter, Saquib Rahman, Kevin Wheatley, Tom Nieto, Soofiyah Ayaani, Haney Youssef, Rajwinder S. Nijjar, Helen Watkin, David Naumann, Sophie Emeshi, Piyush B. Sarmah, Kathryn Lee, Nikita Joji, Jonathan Heath, Rebecca L. Teasdale, Chamindri Weerasinghe, Paul J. Needham, Hannah Welbourn, Luke Forster, David Finch, Jane M. Blazeby, William Robb, Angus G.K. McNair, Alex Hrycaiczuk, Alexandros Charalabopoulos, Sritharan Kadirkamanathan, Cheuk-Bong Tang, Naga V.G. Jayanthi, Nigel Noor, Brian Dobbins, Andrew J. Cockbain, April Nilsen-Nunn, Jonathan de Siqueira, Mike Pellen, Jonathan B. Cowley, Wei-Min Ho, Victor Miu, Timothy J. White, Kathryn A. Hodgkins, Alison Kinghorn, Matthew G. Tutton, Yahya A. Al-Abed, Donald Menzies, Anwar Ahmad, Joanna Reed, Shabuddin Khan, David Monk, Louis J. Vitone, Ghulam Murtaza, Abraham Joel, Stephen Brennan, David Shier, Catherine Zhang, Thusidaran Yoganathan, Steven J. Robinson, Iain J.D. McCallum, Michael J. Jones, Mohammed Elsayed, Liz Tuck, John Wayman, Kate Carney, Somaiah Aroori, Kenneth B. Hosie, Adam Kimble, David M. Bunting, Adeshina S. Fawole, Mohammed Basheer, Rajiv V. Dave, Janahan Sarveswaran, Elinor Jones, Chris Kendal, Michael P. Tilston, Martin Gough, Tom Wallace, Shailendra Singh, Justine Downing, Katherine A. Mockford, Eyad Issa, Nayab Shah, Neal Chauhan, Timothy R. Wilson, Amir Forouzanfar, Jonathan R.L. Wild, Emma Nofal, Catherine Bunnell, Khaliel Madbak, Sudhindra T.V. Rao, Laurence Devoto, Najaf Siddiqi, Zechan Khawaja, James C. Hewes, Laura Gould, Alice Chambers, Daniel U. Rodriguez, Gourab Sen, Stuart Robinson, Francis Bartlett, David M. Rae, Thomas E.J. Stevenson, Kas Sarvananthan, Simon J. Dwerryhouse, Simon M. Higgs, Oliver J. Old, Thomas J. Hardy, Reena Shah, Steve T. Hornby, Ken Keogh, Lucinda Frank, Musallam Al-Akash, Emma A. Upchurch, Richard J. Frame, Michael Hughes, Clare Jelley, Simon Weaver, Sudipta Roy, Toritseju O. Sillo, Giorgios Galanopoulos, Tamzin Cuming, Pedro Cunha, Salim Tayeh, Sarantos Kaptanis, Mohamed Heshaishi, Abdalla Eisawi, Michael Abayomi, Wee S. Ngu, Katie Fleming, Dalvir S. Bajwa, Vivek Chitre, Kamal Aryal, Paul Ferris, Michael Silva, Simon Lammy, Sarah Mohamed, Amir Khawaja, Adnan Hussain, Mudassar A. Ghazanfar, Maria I. Bellini, Hamdi Ebdewi, Mohamed Elshaer, Gianpiero Gravante, Benjamin Drake, Arikoge Ogedegbe, Dipankar Mukherjee, Chanpreet Arhi, Lola Giwa, Nusrat Iqbal, Nicholas F. Watson, Smeer K. Aggarwal, Philippa Orchard, Eduardo Villatoro, Peter D. Willson, Kam W.J. Mok, Thomas Woodman, Jean Deguara, Giuseppe Garcea, Benoy I. Babu, Alistair R. Dennison, Deep Malde, David Lloyd, John P. Slavin, Robert P. Jones, Laura Ballance, Stratos Gerakopoulos, Periyathambi Jambulingam, Sami Mansour, Naomi Sakai, Vikas Acharya, Mohammed M. Sadat, Lawen Karim, David Larkin, Khalid Amin, Amarah Khan, Jennifer Law, Saurabh Jamdar, Stella R. Smith, Keerthika Sampat, Kathryn M. O'shea, Mangta Manu, Fotini M. Asprou, Nabeela S. Malik, Jessica Chang, Marianne Johnstone, Michael Lewis, Geoffrey P. Roberts, Babu Karavadra, Evangelos Photi, James Hewes, Dan Rodriguez, Derek A. O'Reilly, Anthony J. Rate, Hema Sekhar, Lucy T. Henderson, Benjamin Z. Starmer, Peter O. Coe, Sotonye Tolofari, Jenifer Barrie, Gareth Bashir, Jake Sloane, Suroosh Madanipour, Constantine Halkias, Alexander E.J. Trevatt, David W. Borowski, Jane Hornsby, Michael J. Courtney, Suvi Virupaksha, Keith Seymour, Sarah Robinson, Helen Hawkins, Sadiq Bawa, Paul V. Gallagher, Alistair Reid, Peter Wood, Jonathan G. Finch, J.Guy Finch, Jitesh Parmar, Euan Stirland, James Gardner-Thorpe, Ahmed Al-Muhktar, Mark Peterson, Ali Majeed, Farrukh M. Bajwa, Jack Martin, Alfred Choy, Andrew Tsang, Naresh Pore, David R. Andrew, Waleed Al-Khyatt, Christopher Taylor Santosh Bhandari, Adam Chambers, Dhivya Subramanium, Simon K.C. Toh, Nicholas C. Carter, Stuart J. Mercer, Benjamin Knight, Vardhini Vijay, Swethan Alagaratnam, Sidhartha Sinha, Shahab Khan, Shamsi S. El-Hasani, Abdulzahra A. Hussain, Vish Bhattacharya, Nisheeth Kansal, Tani Fasih, Claire Jackson, Midhat N. Siddiqui, Imran A. Chishti, Imogen J. Fordham, Zohaib Siddiqui, Harald Bausbacher, Ileana Geogloma, Kabita Gurung, George Tsavellas, Pradeep Basynat, Ashish K. Shrestha, Sanjoy Basu, Alok Chhabra, Mohan Harilingam, Mohamed Rabie, Mansoor Akhtar, Pradeep Kumar, Sadaf F. Jafferbhoy, Najam Hussain, Soulat Raza, Manzarul Haque, Imran Alam, Rabiya Aseem, Shakira Patel, Mehek Asad, Michael I. Booth, William R. Ball, Christopher P.J. Wood, Ana C. Pinho-Gomes, Ambareen Kausar, Mohammed Obeidallah, Joseph Varghase, Joshil Lodhia, Donal Bradley, Carla Rengifo, David Lindsay, Sivakumar Gopalswamy, Ian Finlay, Stacy Wardle, Naomi Bullen, Syed Y. Iftikhar, Altaf Awan, Javed Ahmed, Paul Leeder, Guiseppe Fusai, Giles Bond-Smith, Alicja Psica, Yogesh Puri, David Hou, Fergus Noble, Karoly Szentpali, Jack Broadhurst, Ravindra Date, Martin R. Hossack, Yan L. Goh, Paul Turner, Vinutha Shetty, Manel Riera, Christina A.W. Macano, Anisha Sukha, Shaun R. Preston, Jennifer R. Hoban, Daniel J. Puntis, Sophie V. Williams, Richard Krysztopik, James Kynaston, Jeremy Batt, Matthew Doe, Andrzej Goscimski, Gareth H. Jones, Claire Hall, Nick Carty, Jamil Ahmed, Sofoklis Panteleimonitis, Rohan T. Gunasekera, Andrea R.G. Sheel, Hannah Lennon, Caroline Hindley, Marcus Reddy, Ross Kenny, Natalie Elkheir, Emma R. McGlone, Rajasundaram Rajaganeshan, Kate Hancorn, Anita Hargreaves, Raj Prasad, David A. Longbotham, Dhakshinamoorthy Vijayanand, Imeshi Wijetunga, Paul Ziprin, Christopher R. Nicolay, Geoffrey Yeldham, Edward Read, James A. Gossage, Rachel C. Rolph, Husam Ebied, Manraj Phull, Mohammad A. Khan, Matthew Popplewell, Dimitrios Kyriakidis, Anwar Hussain, Natasha Henley, Jessica R. Packer, Laura Derbyshire, Jonathan Porter, Shaun Appleton, Marwan Farouk, Melvinder Basra, Neil A. Jennings, Shahda Ali, Venkatesh Kanakala, Haythem Ali, Risha Lane, Richard Dickson-Lowe, Prizzi Zarsadias, Darius Mirza, Sonia Puig, Khalid Al Amari, Deepak Vijayan, Robert Sutcliffe, Ravi Marudanayagam, Zayed Hamady, Abheesh R. Prasad, Abhilasha Patel, Damien Durkin, Parminder Kaur, Laura Bowen, James P. Byrne, Katherine L. Pearson, Theo G. Delisle, James Davies, Mark A. Tomlinson, Michelle A. Johnpulle, Corinna Slawinski, Andrew Macdonald, James Nicholson, Katy Newton, James Mbuvi, Ansar Farooq, Bhavani S. Mothe, Zakhi Zafrani, Daniel Brett, James Francombe, Philip Spreadborough, James Barnes, Melanie Cheung, Ahmed Z. Al-Bahrani, Giuseppe Preziosi, Tomas Urbonas, Justin Alberts, Mekhlola Mallik, Krashna Patel, Ashvina Segaran, Triantafyllos Doulias, Pratik A. Sufi, Caroline Yao, Sarah Pollock, Antonio Manzelli, Saj Wajed, Michail Kourkulos, Roberto Pezzuto, Martin Wadley, Emma Hamilton, Shameen Jaunoo, Robert Padwick, Mazin Sayegh, Richard C. Newton, Madhusoodhana Hebbar, Sameh F. Farag, Madhu Hebbar, John Spearman, Mohammed F. Hamdan, Conrad D'Costa, Christine Blane, Mathew Giles, Mark B. Peter, Natalie A. Hirst, Tanvir Hossain, Arslan Pannu, Yesar El-Dhuwaib, Tamsin E.M. Morrison, Greg W. Taylor, Ronald L.E. Thompson, Ken McCune, Paula Loughlin, Roger Lawther, Colman K. Byrnes, Duncan J. Simpson, Abi Mawhinney, Conor Warren, Damian McKay, Colin McIlmunn, Serena Martin, Matthew MacArtney, Tom Diamond, Phil Davey, Claire Jones, Joshua M. Clements, Ruairi Digney, Wei M. Chan, Stephen McCain, Sadaf Gull, Adam Janeczko, Emmet Dorrian, Andrew Harris, Suzanne Dawson, Dorothy Johnston, Barry McAree, Essam Ghareeb, George Thomas, Martin Connelly, Stephen McKenzie, Krzysztos Cieplucha, Gary Spence, William Campbell, Gareth Hooks, Neil Bradley, Arnold D.K. Hill, John T. Cassidy, Michael Boland, Paul Burke, Deirdre M. Nally, Elmoataz Khogali, Wael Shabo, Edrin Iskandar, Gerry P. McEntee, Maeve A. O'Neill, Colin Peirce, Emma M. Lyons, Adrian W. O'Sullivan, Rohan Thakkar, Paul Carroll, Ivan Ivanovski, Paul Balfe, Matthew Lee, Des C. Winter, Michael E. Kelly, Emir Hoti, Donal Maguire, Priyadarssini Karunakaran, Justin G. Geoghegan, Sean T. Martin, Keith S. Cross, Fiachra Cooke, Saquib Zeeshan, James O. Murphy, Ken Mealy, Helen M. Mohan, Yuwaraja Nedujchelyn, Muhammad F. Ullah, Irfan Ahmed, Francesco Giovinazzo, James Milburn, Sarah Prince, Eleanor Brooke, Joanna Buchan, Ahmed M. Khalil, Elizabeth M. Vaughan, Michael I. Ramage, Roland C. Aldridge, Simon Gibson, Gary A. Nicholson, David G. Vass, Alan J. Grant, David J. Holroyd, Angharad Jones, Cherith M.L.R. Sutton, Patrick O'Dwyer, Frida Nilsson, Beatrix Weber, Tracey K. Williamson, Kushik Lalla, Alice Bryant, Ross Carter, Craig R. Forrest, David I. Hunter, Ahmad H. Nassar, Mavis N. Orizu, Katrina Knight, Haitham Qandeel, Stuart Suttie, Rowena Belding, Andrew McClarey, Alan T. Boyd, Graeme J.K. Guthrie, Pei J. Lim, Andreas Luhmann, Angus J.M. Watson, Colin H. Richards, Laura Nicol, Marta Madurska, Ewen Harrison, Kathryn M. Boyce, Amanda Roebuck, Graeme Ferguson, Pradeep Pati, Michael S.J. Wilson, Faith Dalgaty, Laura Fothergill, Peter J. Driscoll, Kirsty L. Mozolowski, Victoria Banwell, Stephen P. Bennett, Paul N. Rogers, Brendan L. Skelly, Claire L. Rutherford, Ahmed K. Mirza, Taha Lazim, Henry C.C. Lim, Diana Duke, Talat Ahmed, William D. Beasley, Marc D. Wilkinson, Geta Maharaj, Cathy Malcolm, Timothy H. Brown, Guy M. Shingler, Nicholas Mowbray, Rami Radwan, Paul Morcous, Simon Wood, Abbas Kadhim, Duncan J. Stewart, Andrew L. Baker, Nicola Tanner, and Hrishikesh Shenoy
- Subjects
Male ,Databases, Factual ,medicine.medical_treatment ,0302 clinical medicine ,Risk Factors ,Odds Ratio ,Prospective Studies ,Prospective cohort study ,Framingham Risk Score ,Gastroenterology ,Age Factors ,Gallbladder ,Middle Aged ,Conversion to Open Surgery ,Treatment Outcome ,Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Predictive value of tests ,030211 gastroenterology & hepatology ,Female ,Original Article ,Risk assessment ,Dilatation, Pathologic ,Adult ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Digestive System Diseases ,MEDLINE ,Risk Assessment ,03 medical and health sciences ,Sex Factors ,Predictive Value of Tests ,medicine ,Humans ,Aged ,Common Bile Duct ,Chi-Square Distribution ,Hepatology ,Laparoscopyc cholecystectomy ,business.industry ,General surgery ,Reproducibility of Results ,Odds ratio ,United Kingdom ,Surgery ,preoperative assessment ,Logistic Models ,Multivariate Analysis ,Cholecystectomy ,business ,Chi-squared distribution ,risk factors - Abstract
Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is commonly performed, and several factors increase the risk of open conversion, prolonging operating time and hospital stay. Preoperative stratification would improve consent, scheduling and identify appropriate training cases. The aim of this study was to develop a validated risk score for conversion for use in clinical practice.Preoperative patient and disease-related variables were identified from a prospective cholecystectomy database (CholeS) of 8820 patients, divided into main and validation sets. Preoperative predictors of conversion were identified by multivariable binary logistic regression. A risk score was developed and validated using a forward stepwise approach.Some 297 procedures (3.4%) were converted. The risk score was derived from six significant predictors: age (p = 0.005), sex (p 0.001), indication for surgery (p 0.001), ASA (p 0.001), thick-walled gallbladder (p = 0.040) and CBD diameter (p = 0.004). Testing the score on the validation set yielded an AUROC = 0.766 (p 0.001), and a score6 identified patients at high risk of conversion (7.1% vs. 1.2%).This validated risk score allows preoperative identification of patients at six-fold increased risk of conversion to open cholecystectomy.
- Published
- 2016
10. The Effects of Instructional Self-Talk on Quiet-Eye Duration and Golf-Putting Performance.
- Author
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Sarig, Yonatan, Ruiz, Montse C., Hatzigeorgiadis, Antonis, and Tenenbaum, Gershon
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SELF-talk ,ANALYSIS of variance ,DEPENDENT variables - Abstract
While the impact of strategic self-talk on performance is well documented, examination of the attentional–perceptual mechanisms of self-talk is still at early stages. This study's aim was to examine the effects of instructional self-talk on quiet-eye durations and putting performance. Thirty participants were recruited and randomly assigned to self-talk or control conditions. Participants performed a golf-putting task in a mixed between (self-talk vs. control) and within (pre- vs. postintervention) design. Two 2 × 2 mixed-design analyses of variance were conducted for performance and quiet-eye durations as dependent variables. A mediation analysis was conducted to examine the mediating effect of quiet-eye durations on performance. Results showed that self-talk use led to longer quiet-eye durations and better performance compared with controls. The mediation analysis indicated that performance was mediated by quiet-eye durations. Discussion centers on the role of quiet-eye in motor performance and how self-talk can assist in regulating quiet-eye. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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11. An Examination of the Challenge/Threat State and Sport-Performance Relationship While Controlling for Past Performance.
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Jewiss, Matthew, Runswick, Oliver R., and Greenlees, Iain
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CRICKET batting ,REGRESSION analysis ,PRESSURE control ,EXPERIMENTAL design ,BIOPSYCHOSOCIAL model ,PERFORMANCES ,ECHOLOCATION (Physiology) - Abstract
A challenge state is associated with superior performance compared to a threat state in a variety of performance domains (e.g., sport, aviation, education). However, in the challenge and threat (C/T) literature, between-subjects variability in past performance is often inconsistently controlled for. Here, we aimed to investigate the effects of C/T states on performance using two methods to control for past performance. Experiment 1 used previous performance statistics in a between-subjects design and Experiment 2 used a within-subject design. In Experiment 1, regression analysis showed that cardiovascular correlates of C/T states predicted cricket batting performance in 45 amateur cricketers. In Experiment 2, between- and within-subject analysis found that past performance was the only predictor of subsequent golf putting performance in 40 noncompetitive golfers. Taken together, the findings challenge the role that C/T states play in predicting performance under pressure after controlling for past performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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- View/download PDF
12. Mental Effort in Elite and Nonelite Rowers.
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Herrebrøden, Henrik, Espeseth, Thomas, and Bishop, Laura
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ELITE athletes ,EYE tracking ,TOUGHNESS (Personality trait) ,SELECTIVITY (Psychology) ,DUAL-task paradigm - Abstract
Mental effort (intensity of attention) in elite sports has remained a debated topic and a challenging phenomenon to measure. Thus, a quasi-ecological laboratory study was conducted to investigate mental effort in elite rowers as compared with a group of nonelites. Findings suggest that eye-tracking measures—specifically, blink rates and pupil size—can serve as valid indicators of mental effort in physically demanding sport tasks. Furthermore, findings contradict the notion that elite athletes spend less cognitive effort than their lower-level peers. Specifically, elites displayed similar levels of self-reported effort and performance decrement with increasing mental load and significantly more mental effort overall as measured by pupil-size increase (relative to baseline) during rowing trials as compared with the nonelites in the sample. Future studies on eye tracking in sports may include investigations of mental effort in addition to selective attention during physically demanding tasks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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13. Effects of Secure Base Leadership vs. Avoidant Leadership on Job Performance.
- Author
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Laguia, Ana, Navas-Jiménez, María C., Schettini, Rocio, Rodríguez-Batalla, Fidel, Guillén, David, and Moriano, Juan A.
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ATTACHMENT theory (Psychology) ,LEADERSHIP ,STRUCTURAL equation modeling ,JOB performance ,TASK performance ,ORGANIZATIONAL goals ,COUNTERPRODUCTIVITY (Labor) - Abstract
Organizations need high performance from their employees to achieve their goals, provide specialized services and products, and ultimately secure a competitive edge. Performance is also a source of satisfaction for employees, as it creates feelings of mastery and pride. Different leadership styles positively influence both employee performance and organizational excellence; thus, the present study aimed to analyze the relationship between a novel leadership style based on attachment theory, secure base leadership, and job performance (i.e., task and conceptual performance and counterproductive work behaviors). Additionally, a passive-avoidant leadership relationship with performance dimensions is analyzed. Using partial least squares structural equation modeling with self-reported data from 422 Spanish employees, the results show that secure base leadership is positively related to task and contextual performance, while it is negatively related to counterproductive work behaviors. The opposite pattern is found for passive-avoidant leadership (except for the link between passive-avoidant leadership and contextual performance, which is not significant). The promotion of secure base leadership within organizations allows for the cultivation of a supportive environment that favors work behaviors that are aligned with organizational objectives, and since leadership can be trained, these results are relevant for practitioners in organizations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. Biodiesel Production from Edible Oil Using Heteropoly Acid Catalysts at Room Temperature.
- Author
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Fioravante, Noah L., Cao, Guoqiang, and Yi, Nan
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EDIBLE fats & oils ,CANOLA oil ,ACID catalysts ,HETEROPOLY acids ,HETEROGENEOUS catalysts - Abstract
Edible oils are one of the renewable sources that enable the possibility of producing biodiesel sustainably. The transesterification of canola oil with methanol using cesium-modified phosphotungstic acid (Cs
2.5 H0.5 PW12 O40 ) as a heterogeneous catalyst was studied. Reaction conditions, specifically reaction time, catalyst loading, and the ratio of methanol to canola oil, were systematically explored. The canola oil conversion reached 55% at room temperature after 24 h. The reusability tests showed that the conversion of canola oil to biodiesel was maintained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2024
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15. Predictive Methods for Thrombus Formation in the Treatment of Aortic Dissection and Cerebral Aneurysms: A Comprehensive Review.
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Komiya, Kenji, Imada, Shuta, Ujihara, Yoshihiro, Sugita, Shukei, and Nakamura, Masanori
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FALSE aneurysms ,INTRACRANIAL aneurysms ,AORTIC dissection ,DISSECTING aneurysms ,THROMBOSIS - Abstract
Thrombus formation plays a crucial role in the clinical treatment of certain diseases. In conditions such as aortic dissection and cerebral aneurysm, complete thrombus occlusion in the affected region is desired to reduce blood flow into the false lumen or aneurysm sac, leading to a decrease in the tension exerted on the vascular wall and making it less likely to rupture. However, desired thrombosis sometimes fails to occur. Predicting thrombus formation can provide valuable information in such cases. This article offers a comprehensive review of conventional methods for predicting thrombus formation. In reviews conducted from the year 2000 to the present, the number of published related papers every five years has increased more than tenfold. We also found that the predictive methods can be classified into two categories: those based on the hemodynamic evaluation parameters and those based on hemodynamic and mathematical models that simulate the transport and reaction of blood components. Through our discussions, we identified several challenges that need to be resolved, including predictions based on patient-specific condition, model validation, multi-scale problems, the mechanisms of thrombus formation, and ensuring cost effectiveness. This review aims to guide researchers interested in exploring thrombus formation prediction within clinical treatments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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16. Distribution and Some Biological Features of the Alien Species Eriochloavillosa (Poaceae: Paniceae) in Siberia.
- Author
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Ebel, A. L., Mikhailova, S. I., and Ebel, T. V.
- Abstract
The article presents the results of a study of the synanthropic species Eriochloa villosa (Poaceae: Paniceae), which is currently spreading throughout Russia (including Siberia). On the basis of analysis of published data, herbarium materials, and our own observations in nature, the current distribution of this species in Siberia has been detailed. It was concluded that there are two current settlement centers of this species in Siberia, located in Altai and in Tomsk region. In Western Siberia, E. villosa successfully colonizes both segetal habitats (crops of various grains, row crops, and oilseeds) and ruderal habitats. Geobotanical descriptions were made of segetal communities with the participation of E. villosa, presumably belonging to the class of synanthropic vegetation Stellarietea mediae R. Tx. et al. ex von Roshow 1951. The main ways of distribution of diaspores for this species in Siberia are speirochory and agestochory. For E. villosa seeds, a state of shallow physiological dormancy and their high germination rate in laboratory conditions have been revealed. The data obtained can be used to take measures to control the number of this segetal species in agricultural crops. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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17. Challenges and a Strategy for Successful Restoration of Dry Evergreen Afromontane Forests of Ethiopia.
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Asmelash, Fisseha and Rannestad, Meley Mekonen
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TROPICAL dry forests ,VESICULAR-arbuscular mycorrhizas ,SOIL seed banks ,TREE planting ,TREE seedlings - Abstract
Dry evergreen Afromontane forests (DAF) once covered most of the Ethiopian highlands. Currently, they are found as a few patches. DAF restoration is a national forest restoration priority in Ethiopia. It has also been identified to be among global ecosystem restoration priorities. There are sufficient data to show DAF restoration from the soil seed bank or seed rain is hardly possible. Planting trees from multiple provenances is important to restore climate-resilient DAF. Therefore, DAF restoration cannot be achieved through natural regeneration alone and must be accomplished by planting characteristic DAF tree species. The poor soil moisture and nutrient conditions in Ethiopia's dry highlands result in low native tree seedling survival and growth. Hence, proper preparation of the planting sites and after-planting seedling care for at least two years is a reliable mechanism for achieving successful survival and growth. Along with seedling care after planting, four additional mechanisms discussed in this review (i.e. the use of nurse trees/shrubs, design of nursery practices, inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, and application of biochar) have also been shown to be useful. However, they cannot substitute for proper planting site preparation and post-planting seedling care. The complementary use of these five mechanisms could further enhance success. However, there are more questions than answers regarding the effectiveness of the five mechanisms discussed. We hope this review will motivate researchers to engage further to answer some of the important questions regarding restoration success. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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- View/download PDF
18. Oral Cavity Cancer Secondary to Dental Trauma: A Scoping Review.
- Author
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Chiesa-Estomba, Carlos M., Mayo-Yanez, Miguel, Vaira, Luigi A., Maniaci, Antonino, Feng, Allen L., Landa-Garmendia, Maria, Cardin-Pereda, Adrian, and Lechien, Jerome R.
- Subjects
ORAL cancer ,ORAL hygiene ,DENTITION ,SCIENCE databases ,WEB databases - Abstract
(1) Background: Oral cavity cancer represents the most common site of origin of head and neck mucosal malignancies. A few limited studies have suggested that chronic irritation, particularly in non-healing ulcers, and fibrotic tissue from poor dentition or ill-fitting dentures had a role in developing mouth cancer. This scoping review aims to evaluate the existing evidence concerning Oral Cavicty Cancer (OCC) in non-smokers/non-drinkers and the relationship with dental trauma. (2) Methods: A scoping review of the PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases was completed in adherence with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews checklist. (3) Results: Of the 33 articles that met inclusion, in 6 of them authors discussed the role of topography in dental trauma, in 11 articles authors discussed the carcinogenesis mechanism involved in chronic mucosal trauma, in 17 articles data on ill-fitting dentures was included, 4 studies dealt with the effect of broken/sharp teeth on mucosal damage, and in 7 studies the role of oral hygiene was covered. Less frequently discussed topics included gender, risk of neck nodes, and the role of potentially malignant oral disorders. (4) Conclusions: The available literature suggests a potential connection between chronic dental trauma and the development of OCC. Studies have highlighted factors such as denture use and ill-fitting dental appliances as contributors to an increased risk of oral cancer. Interestingly, we still miss data to support the hypothesis that women, particularly those without toxic habits like smoking or alcohol consumption, appear to be disproportionately affected by oral cancer related to chronic dental trauma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. Exploring HIV-1 Maturation: A New Frontier in Antiviral Development.
- Author
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McGraw, Aidan, Hillmer, Grace, Medehincu, Stefania M., Hikichi, Yuta, Gagliardi, Sophia, Narayan, Kedhar, Tibebe, Hasset, Marquez, Dacia, Mei Bose, Lilia, Keating, Adleigh, Izumi, Coco, Peese, Kevin, Joshi, Samit, Krystal, Mark, DeCicco-Skinner, Kathleen L., Freed, Eric O., Sardo, Luca, and Izumi, Taisuke
- Subjects
FLUORESCENCE resonance energy transfer ,CD4 antigen ,HIV ,LIPID rafts ,INTEGRASE inhibitors - Abstract
HIV-1 virion maturation is an essential step in the viral replication cycle to produce infectious virus particles. Gag and Gag-Pol polyproteins are assembled at the plasma membrane of the virus-producer cells and bud from it to the extracellular compartment. The newly released progeny virions are initially immature and noninfectious. However, once the Gag polyprotein is cleaved by the viral protease in progeny virions, the mature capsid proteins assemble to form the fullerene core. This core, harboring two copies of viral genomic RNA, transforms the virion morphology into infectious virus particles. This morphological transformation is referred to as maturation. Virion maturation influences the distribution of the Env glycoprotein on the virion surface and induces conformational changes necessary for the subsequent interaction with the CD4 receptor. Several host factors, including proteins like cyclophilin A, metabolites such as IP6, and lipid rafts containing sphingomyelins, have been demonstrated to have an influence on virion maturation. This review article delves into the processes of virus maturation and Env glycoprotein recruitment, with an emphasis on the role of host cell factors and environmental conditions. Additionally, we discuss microscopic technologies for assessing virion maturation and the development of current antivirals specifically targeting this critical step in viral replication, offering long-acting therapeutic options. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. Comparative Analysis of the Performance and Study of the Effective Anchorage Length of Semi-Grouted and Fully-Grouted Sleeve Connection.
- Author
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Yin, Fenfang, Yin, Shiping, Zhang, Linglei, and Xu, Yonggang
- Subjects
STEEL bars ,FAILURE mode & effects analysis ,BOND strengths ,SLEEVES ,TENSILE tests - Abstract
Based on the insufficient data on bonding performance and effective anchorage length of sleeve grouting in assembled structure. Combining the existing studies, the sleeve grouting joint test for the static unidirectional tensile test was designed, and the influencing factors are reinforcement diameter and reinforcement anchorage length. Then, the failure mode, load-displacement relationship, energy consumption capacity and bearing capacity of the grouting sleeve connection are analysed, and the stress mechanism of the specimen in the one-way tensile state is expounded. This paper considers the actual damage state of the joint, according to the failure of the reinforcement outside the joint and the sleeve; referring to the reinforcement-concrete bond strength research theory, the effective anchorage length formula is proposed. When the steel bar is pulled out, the bond strength and bearing capacity mainly depend on the effective anchorage length. However, when the specimen breaks the steel bar outside the joint, it depends on the material performance of the steel bar itself. The research results of this paper can lay a theoretical foundation for the application of sleeve grouting joints. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. Contribution of Metastable Oxygen Spectra to Fluctuated Waveform Tails after Breakdown Time in Air under Positive and Negative Impulse Voltages.
- Author
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Ikhwanus, Muhammad and Morimoto, Takeshi
- Subjects
SPECTRAL lines ,VOLTAGE ,OXYGEN ,WAVELENGTHS - Abstract
In this study, we explored the correlation between fluctuated waveform tails under both positive and negative impulse voltages and their corresponding spectral lines during millisecond observations of arc discharge. We examined impulse voltages in ±100, ±125, and ±150 kV across 3, 3.5, and 4 cm gaps using spectroscopic analysis focused on oxygen excitations. Six selected spectra in ±100, ±125, and ±150 kV at 3.5 cm and two negative spectra of −100 kV at 3 and 4 cm were analyzed by identifying spectral lines in the wavelength range of 200–900 nm. The results revealed a correlation between the fluctuated waveform tails and spectral lines in positive voltage discharges, which were almost similar, while in negative voltage discharges, this correlation was found only in −100 kV at 3 and 4 cm. We concluded that during the spark phase for both positive and negative voltage discharges, symmetrical fluctuation in the waveform tails was observed after breakdown time, especially above the voltage level of the recombination phase. This suggested the presence of energetic oxygen excited states in the 200–400 nm range, with higher peak intensity than the O I line at 777.417 nm, observed in most positive impulse voltage discharges and at −100 kV with 3 and 4 cm gaps, contributing to rapid breakdown. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. Expression of Growth Hormone-Releasing Hormone and Its Receptor Splice Variants in a Cohort of Hungarian Pediatric Patients with Hematological and Oncological Disorders: A Pilot Study.
- Author
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Juhász, Éva, Szabó, Zsuzsanna, Schally, Andrew V., Király, József, Fodor, Petra, Kónya, Gábor, Dezső, Balázs, Szabó, Erzsébet, Halmos, Gábor, and Kiss, Csongor
- Subjects
BINDING sites ,BLOOD diseases ,GENE expression ,MOLECULAR diagnosis ,HORMONE receptors - Abstract
Hematological and oncological diseases are still among the leading causes of childhood mortality. Expression of growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) and its receptors (GHRH-R) has been previously demonstrated in various human tumors, but very limited findings are available about the presence and potential function of GHRH-Rs in oncological and hematological disorders of children. In this study, we aimed to investigate the expression of mRNA for GHRH and splice variant 1 (SV) of GHRH-R in 15 pediatric hematological/oncological specimens by RT-PCR. The presence and binding characteristics of GHRH-R protein were also studied by Western blot and ligand competition assays. Of the fifteen specimens studied, eleven pediatric samples (73%) showed the expression of mRNA for GHRH. These eleven samples also expressed mRNA for GHRH receptor SV1. GHRH-R protein was found to be expressed in two benign tumor samples and five malignant tumors examined by Western blot. The presence of specific, high affinity binding sites on GHRH-R was demonstrated in all of the seven human pediatric solid tumor samples investigated. Our results show that the expression of GHRH and SV1 of GHRH-R in hemato-oncological diseases in children can pave the way for further investigation of GHRH-Rs as potential molecular targets for diagnosis and therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. Performance of Artificial Diets for Zelus renardii (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) Rearing.
- Author
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Picciotti, Ugo, Valverde-Urrea, Miguel, Sefa, Valdete, Ragni, Marco, Garganese, Francesca, and Porcelli, Francesco
- Subjects
OLIVE fly ,ASSASSIN bugs ,INTEGRATED pest control ,XYLELLA fastidiosa ,DROSOPHILA melanogaster - Abstract
Simple Summary: Zelus renardii Kolenati (Hemiptera, Reduviidae, Harpactorinae), the Leafhopper Assassin Bug (LAB), first appeared in Europe in 2011 and is now well-acclimatized. The LAB is a promising mass-rearing candidate for the inundative biocontrol strategy of Xylella fastidiosa pauca ST53 vectors. We reared LABs for two subsequent years, using live adult Drosophila melanogaster Meigen (Diptera, Drosophilidae) (Dm) as living prey versus several artificial diet formulations (D0, D1, D2, D3, and D4), to identify the best formulation. An artificial medium can minimize rearing costs and make the process sustainable and safer. The rearing of LAB is feasible with live prey, oligidic, meridic, and holidic artificial formulations. All diets, except for D2, showed a favorable trend according to the species' reproductive potential. Scoring accumulated degree days in LAB's rearing made it possible to predict the time required to complete post-embryonic development as a function of temperature. Mass production is a prerequisite for using natural enemies in integrated pest management and organic farming. Natural enemies in agroecosystems include predators that prey on insects, which they can subdue while maintaining adequate pest population densities. The Leafhopper Assassin Bug (LAB), Zelus renardii, can be a natural enemy in agroecosystems, selecting its prey for size and mobility. Some of LAB's prey include Philaenus spumarius (L.), Bactrocera oleae (Rossi), Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura), and Macrohomotoma gladiata Kuwayama, suggesting this reduviid for biocontrol agent in various contexts. We reared LABs for two subsequent broods offering living prey and artificial diets. Our data show that the rearing of Z. renardii is feasible with oligidic, meridic, and holidic artificial formulations. Four artificial diets allowed the complete post-embryonic development of LABs in captivity for two successive generations. The accumulated degree-days (ADDs) accurately predict the growth of LABs based on heat accumulation, estimating that up to three generations could grow per year in captivity at the experimented T°C. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Recent Progress on the Application of Chitosan, Starch and Chitosan–Starch Composites for Meat Preservation—A Mini Review.
- Author
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Oyekunle, Daniel T., Nia, Marzieh Heidari, and Wilson, Lee D.
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MEAT preservation ,FOOD safety ,CHITOSAN ,LITERATURE reviews ,MICROBIAL lipids ,FOOD security - Abstract
The preservation of meat via sustainable methods and packaging is an area of continued interest driven by the need to address food security. The use of biomaterial films and coatings has gained significant attention due to their non-toxicity and biodegradability compared with conventional synthetic films. Starch and chitosan are sustainable sources for the preparation of films/coatings owing to their relatively low cost, natural abundance derived from numerous sources, biocompatibility, biodegradability, and antimicrobial, antioxidant, and film-forming attributes. These remarkable features have notably increased the shelf life of meat by inhibiting lipid oxidation and microbial activity in food products. Furthermore, recent studies have successfully incorporated binary biopolymer (starch and chitosan) systems to combine their beneficial properties upon composite formation. This literature review from 2020 to the present reveals that chitosan- and starch-based films and coatings have potential to contribute to enhanced food security and safety measures whilst reducing environmental issues and improving sustainability, compared with conventional synthetic materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. Gold Nanoparticle Mesoporous Carbon Composite as Catalyst for Hydrogen Evolution Reaction.
- Author
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Biehler, Erik, Quach, Qui, and Abdel-Fattah, Tarek M.
- Subjects
ENERGY dispersive X-ray spectroscopy ,HYDROGEN as fuel ,GOLD nanoparticles ,HYDROGEN evolution reactions ,X-ray powder diffraction - Abstract
Increased environmental pollution and the shortage of the current fossil fuel energy supply has increased the demand for eco-friendly energy sources. Hydrogen energy has become a potential solution due to its availability and green combustion byproduct. Hydrogen feedstock materials like sodium borohydride (NaBH
4 ) are promising sources of hydrogen; however, the rate at which the hydrogen is released during its reaction with water is slow and requires a stable catalyst. In this study, gold nanoparticles were deposited onto mesoporous carbon to form a nano-composite catalyst (AuNP-MCM), which was then characterized via transmission electron microscopy (TEM), powder X-ray diffraction (P-XRD), and scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDS). The composite's catalytic ability in a hydrogen evolution reaction was tested under varying conditions, including NaBH4 concentration, pH, and temperature, and it showed an activation of energy of 30.0 kJ mol−1 . It was determined that the optimal reaction conditions include high NaBH4 concentrations, lower pH, and higher temperatures. This catalyst, with its stability and competitively low activation energy, makes it a promising material for hydrogen generation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. Social and Emotional Functioning of Pediatric Brain Tumor Survivors and Typically Developing Youth Following the Onset of the Pandemic.
- Author
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Desjardins, Leandra, Hancock, Kelly, Lai, Meng-Chuan, Bartels, Ute, Vorstman, Jacob, and Barrera, Maru
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SOCIAL adjustment ,PSYCHOLOGICAL adaptation ,SOCIAL skills ,SOCIAL interaction ,BEHAVIORAL assessment - Abstract
Background: Social competence is a domain in which pediatric brain tumour survivors (PBTS) are at risk of challenges. To follow-up on our earlier work, in this study we assessed specific social interaction behaviors and emotional functioning in PBTS relative to typically developing youth (TD). The study coincided with the onset of the global pandemic. Methods: Sixteen PBTS and 16 typically developing youth (TD) between 8–16 years old participated in the study. Youth completed an assessment of social behavior and parents completed online surveys regarding child social and emotional adjustment. Results: PBTS experienced greater impairments in social interaction behaviors and on indices of social adjustment relative to TD. PBTS and TD experienced similar levels of emotional problems. Social behavior challenges were associated with indices of anxiety, rather than depression. Time since pandemic onset was not associated with social emotional outcomes. Conclusions: It will be important to monitor and support the social adjustment of populations such as PBTS, as well as the emotional adjustment across PBTS and TD youth, following the pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. William H. Clendaniel insurance drawing
- Author
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Department of State, Delaware Public Archives; Hopkins, Robert B. and Department of State, Delaware Public Archives; Hopkins, Robert B.
- Abstract
This negative shows a Kent County Mutual Insurance Company drawing created by Robert B. Hopkins for a new building belonging to William H. Clendaniel on Mill and New Streets in Milton, Delaware. Neil's Creek or Stream is visible. Property for S.J. Wilson, and Captain James Fowler are also visible. See: 1325-003-035_03254n for related insurance policy.
- Published
- 2022
28. The Spectrum of CAR Cellular Effectors: Modes of Action in Anti-Tumor Immunity.
- Author
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Nguyen, Ngoc Thien Thu, Müller, Rasmus, Briukhovetska, Daria, Weber, Justus, Feucht, Judith, Künkele, Annette, Hudecek, Michael, and Kobold, Sebastian
- Subjects
CHEMOKINES ,T cells ,KILLER cells ,MACROPHAGES ,IMMUNOTHERAPY ,CELL physiology ,TUMORS ,CYTOKINES ,CELL receptors ,IMMUNITY ,DENDRITIC cells - Abstract
Simple Summary: Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cells have revolutionized the treatment of blood cancers. However, their effectiveness meets challenges in solid tumors. Modifications to CAR-T cells altered stimulatory domains or added further functions with transgenic proteins (e.g., cytokines, chemokine receptors, degrading enzymes) to match specific barriers of the tumor microenvironment. But despite these enhancements, the inherent limitations of CAR-T cells such as dependency on human leukocyte antigen (HLA), toxicities and high costs for preparing autologous cell products remain. In response, alternative types of immune cells with different effects and advantages have become the focus of adoptive cell therapy research. For instance, natural killer cells have the benefit of HLA-independent killing and macrophages possess additional functions such as phagocytosis and antigen presentation. As these cells come with distinct properties, clinicians and researchers need a thorough understanding of their effects and peculiarities. This review summarizes the different modes of action of these CAR-immune cells. Chimeric antigen receptor-T cells have spearheaded the field of adoptive cell therapy and have shown remarkable results in treating hematological neoplasia. Because of the different biology of solid tumors compared to hematological tumors, response rates of CAR-T cells could not be transferred to solid entities yet. CAR engineering has added co-stimulatory domains, transgenic cytokines and switch receptors to improve performance and persistence in a hostile tumor microenvironment, but because of the inherent cell type limitations of CAR-T cells, including HLA incompatibility, toxicities (cytokine release syndrome, neurotoxicity) and high costs due to the logistically challenging preparation process for autologous cells, the use of alternative immune cells is gaining traction. NK cells and γδ T cells that do not need HLA compatibility or macrophages and dendritic cells with additional properties such as phagocytosis or antigen presentation are increasingly seen as cellular vehicles with potential for application. As these cells possess distinct properties, clinicians and researchers need a thorough understanding of their peculiarities and commonalities. This review will compare these different cell types and their specific modes of action seen upon CAR activation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. Chemokine CX3CL1 (Fractalkine) Signaling and Diabetic Encephalopathy.
- Author
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Wątroba, Mateusz, Grabowska, Anna D., and Szukiewicz, Dariusz
- Subjects
FRACTALKINE ,GLYCEMIC control ,BRAIN diseases ,CENTRAL nervous system ,INSULIN resistance ,METABOLIC disorders ,CHEMOKINE receptors - Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is the most common metabolic disease in humans, and its prevalence is increasing worldwide in parallel with the obesity pandemic. A lack of insulin or insulin resistance, and consequently hyperglycemia, leads to many systemic disorders, among which diabetic encephalopathy (DE) is a long-term complication of the central nervous system (CNS), characterized by cognitive impairment and motor dysfunctions. The role of oxidative stress and neuroinflammation in the pathomechanism of DE has been proven. Fractalkine (CX3CL1) has unique properties as an adhesion molecule and chemoattractant, and by acting on its only receptor, CX3CR1, it regulates the activity of microglia in physiological states and neuroinflammation. Depending on the clinical context, CX3CL1-CX3CR1 signaling may have neuroprotective effects by inhibiting the inflammatory process in microglia or, conversely, maintaining/intensifying inflammation and neurotoxicity. This review discusses the evidence supporting that the CX3CL1-CX3CR1 pair is neuroprotective and other evidence that it is neurotoxic. Therefore, interrupting the vicious cycle within neuron–microglia interactions by promoting neuroprotective effects or inhibiting the neurotoxic effects of the CX3CL1-CX3CR1 signaling axis may be a therapeutic goal in DE by limiting the inflammatory response. However, the optimal approach to prevent DE is simply tight glycemic control, because the elimination of dysglycemic states in the CNS abolishes the fundamental mechanisms that induce this vicious cycle. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. In the Eye of the Beholder—Visual Search Behavior in Equestrian Dressage Judges.
- Author
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Wolframm, Inga, Reuter, Peter, Zaharia, Iulia, and Vernooij, Johannes
- Subjects
HORSE sports ,SPORTS officiating ,JUDGES ,EYE tracking ,VISUAL perception ,GAZE ,EYE movements - Abstract
Simple Summary: This study explored how dressage judges focus their attention on different parts of horse-rider performances during competitions. By using eye tracking technology, we analyzed where judges look and how long they focus on specific areas. We included twenty judges with varying levels of experience and recorded their eye movements as they assessed Grand Prix dressage tests on video. We found that all judges mostly looked at the front of the horse compared to the rider or other parts of the horse. However, advanced level judges paid more attention to the horse's feet, while judges engaged at the lower level of the sport looked more at the rider. These patterns suggest that judges concentrate on a few highly relevant areas, depending on the underlying criteria for evaluating performances. Understanding judges' visual patterns and how they interpret what they see can help improve judging, making it more accurate and transparent, ensuring more consistent evaluations in competition and improving equine welfare. This study investigated the visual search behavior of equestrian dressage judges at different expertise levels during the assessment of Grand Prix horse-rider combinations. Twenty judges (11 foundational level, 9 advanced level) participated in the study, with their eye movements recorded using Tobii Fusion Eyetracker as they evaluated video recordings of dressage tests. Fixation metrics, namely Total Duration of Fixation (TDF), Average Duration of Fixation (ADF), and Total Number of Fixations (TNF), were analyzed across four Areas of Interest (AOIs): front, back, rider, and horse's feet. Statistical analysis utilized linear mixed-effects models. Results demonstrated that judges consistently focused more on the front of the horse, with additional differences in fixation duration and frequency based on judge experience and specific movements. Advanced judges focused more on the horses' feet, suggesting they draw meaning from specific areas indicative of performance quality. Conversely, foundational level judges focused more on the rider, reflecting different evaluative priorities at lower levels of the sport. These findings suggest that judges focus on a limited number of highly relevant areas, differing across movements and expertise levels. The study underscores the necessity of understanding both gaze behavior and subsequent interpretations of visual information to increase judging transparency, fairness, and equine welfare. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. Cell-Penetrating Peptide-Mediated Biomolecule Transportation in Artificial Lipid Vesicles and Living Cells.
- Author
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Miwa, Akari and Kamiya, Koki
- Subjects
CELL-penetrating peptides ,MEMBRANE proteins ,NUCLEIC acids ,CELL physiology ,PEPTIDES - Abstract
Signal transduction and homeostasis are regulated by complex protein interactions in the intracellular environment. Therefore, the transportation of impermeable macromolecules (nucleic acids, proteins, and drugs) that control protein interactions is essential for modulating cell functions and therapeutic applications. However, macromolecule transportation across the cell membrane is not easy because the cell membrane separates the intra/extracellular environments, and the types of molecular transportation are regulated by membrane proteins. Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) are expected to be carriers for molecular transport. CPPs can transport macromolecules into cells through endocytosis and direct translocation. The transport mechanism remains largely unclear owing to several possibilities. In this review, we describe the methods for investigating CPP conformation, translocation, and cargo transportation using artificial membranes. We also investigated biomolecular transport across living cell membranes via CPPs. Subsequently, we show not only the biochemical applications but also the synthetic biological applications of CPPs. Finally, recent progress in biomolecule and nanoparticle transportation via CPPs into specific tissues is described from the viewpoint of drug delivery. This review provides the opportunity to discuss the mechanism of biomolecule transportation through these two platforms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. Application of Palladium Mesoporous Carbon Composite Obtained from a Sustainable Source for Catalyzing Hydrogen Generation Reaction.
- Author
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Biehler, Erik, Quach, Qui, and Abdel-Fattah, Tarek M.
- Subjects
CARBON-based materials ,ALTERNATIVE fuels ,HYDROGEN as fuel ,TRANSMISSION electron microscopes ,SCANNING electron microscopes - Abstract
Alternative fuel sources are necessary in today's economic and environmental climate. Hydrogen fuel arises as an environmentally friendly and energy dense option; however, the volatility of hydrogen gas makes it dangerous to store and utilize. The evolution of hydrogen from hydrogen feedstock materials may prove to overcome this safety barrier, but a catalyst for this reaction is necessary to optimize production. In this work, a composite catalyst comprised of palladium nanoparticles embedded on mesoporous carbon materials (Pd-MCM) was synthesized and characterized by Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM), Powder X-Ray diffraction (P-XRD), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Energy Dispersive Spectroscope (EDS). Various reaction conditions such as concentration of reactant, temperature, and pH were applied in measuring the catalytic activity of Pd-MCM. Results show the catalytic activity of the Pd-MCM composite catalysts increased with increasing concentrations of sodium borohydride, increasing temperature, and lower pH. The reaction involving the Pd-MCM composite had an activation energy of 27.9 kJ mol
−1 . Reusability trials showed the Pd-MCM composite remained stable for up to five consecutive trials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Influence of Grid Resolution and Assimilation Window Size on Simulating Storm Surge Levels.
- Author
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Bi, Xin, Shi, Wenqi, Xu, Junli, and Lv, Xianqing
- Subjects
DRAG coefficient ,STORM surges ,STRESS concentration ,TYPHOONS - Abstract
Grid resolution and assimilation window size play significant roles in storm surge models. In the Bohai Sea, Yellow Sea, and East China Sea, the influence of grid resolution and assimilation window size on simulating storm surge levels was investigated during Typhoon 7203. In order to employ a more realistic wind stress drag coefficient that varies with time and space, we corrected the storm surge model using the spatial distribution of the wind stress drag coefficient, which was inverted using the data assimilation method based on the linear expression C
d = (a + b × U10 ) × 10−3 . Initially, two grid resolutions of 5′ × 5′ and 10′ × 10′ were applied to the numerical storm surge model and adjoint assimilation model. It was found that the influence of different grid resolutions on the numerical model is almost negligible. But in the adjoint assimilation model, the root mean square (RMS) errors between the simulated and observed storm surge levels under 5′ × 5′ and 10′ × 10′ grid resolutions were 11.6 cm and 15.6 cm, and the average PCC and WSS values for 10 tidal stations changed from 89% and 92% in E3 to 93% and 96% in E4, respectively. The results indicate that the finer grid resolution can yield a closer consistency between the simulation and observations. Subsequently, the effects of assimilation window sizes of 6 h, 3 h, 2 h, and 1 h on simulated storm surge levels were evaluated in an adjoint assimilation model with a 5′ × 5′ grid resolution. The results show that the average RMS errors were 11.6 cm, 10.6 cm, 9.6 cm, and 9.3 cm under four assimilation window sizes. In particular, the RMS errors for the assimilation window sizes of 1 h and 6 h at RuShan station were 3.9 cm and 10.2 cm, a reduction of 61.76%. The PCC and WSS values from RuShan station in E4 and E7 separately showed significant increases, from 85% to 98% and from 92% to 99%. These results demonstrate that when the assimilation window size is smaller, the simulated storm surge level is closer to the observation. Further, the results show that the simulated storm surge levels are closer to the observation when using the wind stress drag coefficient with a finer grid resolution and smaller temporal resolution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. Characterisation of Tenebrio molitor Reared on Substrates Supplemented with Chestnut Shell.
- Author
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Ferri, Irene, Dell'Anno, Matteo, Spano, Mattia, Canala, Benedetta, Petrali, Beatrice, Dametti, Matilda, Magnaghi, Stefano, and Rossi, Luciana
- Subjects
NUCLEAR magnetic resonance spectroscopy ,CHESTNUT ,ESCHERICHIA coli ,TENEBRIO molitor ,SUBSTRATES (Materials science) - Abstract
Simple Summary: Due to the growing world population, the sustainability of food and feed sources with high nutritional value has become a crucial issue. In this scenario, insects can constitute a low-impact protein source with high nutritional value. The growth and nutrient composition of insects are potentially influenced by rearing conditions, particularly by the selected growth substrate. In this study, we evaluated the chemical and functional characteristics of Tenebrio molitor larvae reared on different growth substrates: a traditional wheat bran substrate and an innovative substrate consisting of wheat bran supplemented with chestnut shell, a by-product of the chestnut agro-industrial chain. The results showed that the innovative growth substrates positively influenced the insects' survival suggesting a beneficial effect on larval health. The enrichment of the growth substrate with chestnut shell modified the protein and amino acid profile of insect meals, possibly indicating a shift in their metabolism. In addition, insect meals obtained from larvae reared on chestnut-shell-enriched substrate exhibited higher antibacterial and antioxidant activity, suggesting a potential beneficial effect when included in animal feed. Our results showed positive outcomes related to the design of innovative strategies for insect rearing, enriching larvae meal with beneficial health properties in line with sustainability and One Health principles. Tenebrio molitor larvae represent a sustainable protein source for food and feed. The aim of this study was to evaluate the supplementation of chestnut shell, a by-product of the agro-industrial chain, in growth substrates for T. molitor larvae rearing. Seven-week-old larvae were reared on three different growth substrates: the control group (CTRL) was fed wheat bran, treatment group one was fed wheat bran supplemented with 12.5% w/w chestnut shell (TRT1), and treatment group two was fed wheat bran supplemented with 25% w/w chestnut shell (TRT2). Larval weight, substrate consumption, and mortality were recorded weekly. After 14 days, insect meals were produced for bromatological and colorimetric analysis, and bacterial inhibition activity assay using a microdilution method. The amino acid profile of insects was determined using quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Our results showed a lower feed conversion ratio and higher larval survival rate % in TRT2 compared to CTRL (p < 0.05). Proteins and lipids of TRT2 were higher than other groups (p < 0.05). Important differences were observed in the amino acid profile of TRT1 and TRT2 compared to CTRL (p < 0.05). TRT1 and TRT2 showed higher E. coli inhibitory activity than CTRL (p < 0.05). In conclusion, chestnut shell supplementation improved the survival and functional characteristics of larvae and likely impacted the insects' metabolism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Cryptic Extensibility in von Willebrand Factor Revealed by Molecular Nanodissection.
- Author
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Csányi, Mária Csilla, Sziklai, Dominik, Feller, Tímea, Hársfalvi, Jolán, and Kellermayer, Miklós
- Subjects
VON Willebrand factor ,BLOOD platelet aggregation ,ATOMIC force microscopy ,BLOOD vessels - Abstract
Von Willebrand factor (VWF) is a multimer with a variable number of protomers, each of which is a head-to-head dimer of two multi-domain monomers. VWF responds to shear through the unfolding and extension of distinct domains, thereby mediating platelet adhesion and aggregation to the injured blood vessel wall. VWF's C
1-6 segment uncoils and then the A2 domain unfolds and extends in a hierarchical and sequential manner. However, it is unclear whether there is any reservoir of further extensibility. Here, we explored the presence of cryptic extensibility in VWF by nanodissecting individual, pre-stretched multimers with atomic force microscopy (AFM). The AFM cantilever tip was pressed into the surface and moved in a direction perpendicular to the VWF axis. It was possible to pull out protein loops from VWF, which resulted in a mean contour length gain of 217 nm. In some cases, the loop became cleaved, and a gap was present along the contour. Frequently, small nodules appeared in the loops, indicating that parts of the nanodissected VWF segment remained folded. After analyzing the nodal structure, we conclude that the cryptic extensibility lies within the C1-6 and A1-3 regions. Cryptic extensibility may play a role in maintaining VWF's functionality in extreme shear conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. Daily Fungal Cell-Free DNA Testing to Assess Clinical Status during Candida krusei Fungemia.
- Author
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Young, Jo-Anne H., Liu, Xiaoying, Porter, Emma, Sweet, Hannah, Wang, Wei, Evans, Anton F., Zhang, Chi, and Obeid, Karam M.
- Subjects
GIANT magnetoresistance ,FUNGAL DNA ,CELL-free DNA ,MYCOSES ,BLOOD plasma - Abstract
We present a case of a man immunocompromised due to myelodysplastic syndrome with Candida krusei fungemia who had a rising cell-free DNA (cfDNA) giant magnetoresistance (GMR) signal when tested daily using plasma blood samples. With the rise in GMR signal paralleling the development of skin lesions in this patient, we conclude that cfDNA can be used to indicate uncontrolled infection and thus help monitor response to therapy. This index patient provides evidence that an invasive fungal infection requires both direct antifungal therapy and an intact immune system to control the infection. This biosensing platform has been simplified to potentially serve as a point-of-care test, setting it apart by overcoming the three common barriers of cfDNA testing: complexity, cost, and time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. The Latest Research Progress on Bionic Artificial Hands: A Systematic Review.
- Author
-
Guo, Kai, Lu, Jingxin, Wu, Yuwen, Hu, Xuhui, and Yang, Hongbo
- Subjects
ARTIFICIAL hands ,MACHINE learning ,BIONICS ,SYSTEM integration ,SENSORIMOTOR integration ,PROSTHETICS - Abstract
Bionic prosthetic hands hold the potential to replicate the functionality of human hands. The use of bionic limbs can assist amputees in performing everyday activities. This article systematically reviews the research progress on bionic prostheses, with a focus on control mechanisms, sensory feedback integration, and mechanical design innovations. It emphasizes the use of bioelectrical signals, such as electromyography (EMG), for prosthetic control and discusses the application of machine learning algorithms to enhance the accuracy of gesture recognition. Additionally, the paper explores advancements in sensory feedback technologies, including tactile, visual, and auditory modalities, which enhance user interaction by providing essential environmental feedback. The mechanical design of prosthetic hands is also examined, with particular attention to achieving a balance between dexterity, weight, and durability. Our contribution consists of compiling current research trends and identifying key areas for future development, including the enhancement of control system integration and improving the aesthetic and functional resemblance of prostheses to natural limbs. This work aims to inform and inspire ongoing research that seeks to refine the utility and accessibility of prosthetic hands for amputees, emphasizing user-centric innovations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Application of Silver Nanoparticles Supported over Mesoporous Carbon Produced from Sustainable Sources as Catalysts for Hydrogen Production.
- Author
-
Biehler, Erik, Quach, Qui, and Abdel-Fattah, Tarek M.
- Subjects
SILVER nanoparticles ,HYDROGEN production ,ALTERNATIVE fuels ,CHEMICAL bonds ,HYDRIDES ,CATALYSTS - Abstract
The growing population and increasingly competitive economic climate have increased the demand for alternative fuel sources, with hydrogen being one of the more viable options. Many metal hydrides, including sodium borohydride, are capable of releasing hydrogen stored within chemical bonds when reacted with water, but the rate of generation is slow and therefore necessitates a catalyst. Silver nanoparticles, which were chosen due to their known catalytic activity, were synthesized from sodium citrate and were embedded in mesoporous carbon to form a nano-composite catalyst (Ag-MCM). This composite was characterized via Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), and Scanning Electron Microscopy/Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (SEM/EDS). Catalytic testing showed that the catalytic activity for the Ag-MCM catalyst increased with increasing NaBH
4 concentration, low pH, and high temperatures. The Ag-MCM catalyst resulted in the activation energy at 15.6 kJ mol−1 , making it one of the lowest seen activation energies for inorganic catalysts. Lastly, the Ag-MCM catalysts showed stability, producing, on average, 20.0 mL per trial for five consecutive trials. This catalytic ability along with the cheap, carbon-based backbone that is made from readily available corn starch, makes it a promising catalyst for the hydrolysis of NaBH4 . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Bone bruise distribution predicts anterior cruciate ligament tear location in non‐contact injuries.
- Author
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Ubl, Steffen T., Vieider, Romed P., Seilern und Aspang, Jesse, Gaebler, Christian, and Platzgummer, Hannes
- Subjects
ANTERIOR cruciate ligament injuries ,COLLATERAL ligament ,MAGNETIC resonance imaging ,MULTIPLE regression analysis ,BODY mass index ,MENISCUS (Anatomy) ,CRUCIATE ligaments - Abstract
Purpose: It is unclear whether different injury mechanisms lead to divergent anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tear locations. This study aims to analyse the relationship between bone bruise (BB) distribution or depth and ACL tear location. Methods: A retrospective analysis of 446 consecutive patients with acute non‐contact ACL injury was performed. Only patients with complete ACL tears verified during subsequent arthroscopy were included. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to classify BB location, BB depth, ACL tear location and concomitant injuries (medial/lateral meniscus and medial/lateral collateral ligament). Demographic characteristics included age, gender, body mass index (BMI), type of sport and time between injury and MRI. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to identify independent predictors of ACL tear location. Results: One hundred and fifty‐eight skeletally mature patients met the inclusion criteria. The presence of BB in the lateral tibial plateau was associated with a more distal ACL tear location (β = −0.27, p < 0.001). Less BB depth in the lateral femoral condyle showed a tendency towards more proximal ACL tears (β = −0.14; p = 0.054). Older age predicted a more proximal ACL tear location (β = 0.31, p < 0.001). No significant relationship was found between ACL tear location and gender, BMI, type of sport, concomitant injuries and time between injury and MRI. Conclusion: ACL tear location after an acute non‐contact injury is associated with distinct patterns of BB distribution, particularly involving the lateral compartment, indicating that different injury mechanisms may lead to different ACL tear locations. Level of Evidence: Level III. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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40. Immune Microenvironment in Childhood Cancers: Characteristics and Therapeutic Challenges.
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Pathania, Anup Singh
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TUMORS in children ,IMMUNOTHERAPY ,ANTINEOPLASTIC agents ,IMMUNE system ,SYMPTOMS ,METASTASIS ,IMMUNE checkpoint inhibitors ,CELL lines ,IMMUNOSUPPRESSION - Abstract
Simple Summary: The immune microenvironment surrounding a growing tumor is complex and diverse. Understanding this complexity is crucial for predicting prognosis and response to cancer therapy. Various immune cells, signaling molecules, and extracellular matrix components within this microenvironment interact intricately, influencing tumor progression and treatment effectiveness. A deeper understanding of these interactions can lead to better prognostic markers and more effective, personalized therapeutic strategies. Compared to adults, the pediatric tumor immune microenvironment is less studied. Research on different pediatric tumors has shown that regulatory signaling networks between tumors and surrounding immune cells are critical in shifting the balance between pro- and anti-tumor immune responses. Therefore, gaining insights into the tumor immune composition is key to improving the efficacy of various pediatric cancer therapies, particularly immunotherapies that enhance host anti-tumor immunity. The tumor immune microenvironment is pivotal in cancer initiation, advancement, and regulation. Its molecular and cellular composition is critical throughout the disease, as it can influence the balance between suppressive and cytotoxic immune responses within the tumor's vicinity. Studies on the tumor immune microenvironment have enriched our understanding of the intricate interplay between tumors and their immunological surroundings in various human cancers. These studies illuminate the role of significant components of the immune microenvironment, which have not been extensively explored in pediatric tumors before and may influence the responsiveness or resistance to therapeutic agents. Our deepening understanding of the pediatric tumor immune microenvironment is helping to overcome challenges related to the effectiveness of existing therapeutic strategies, including immunotherapies. Although in the early stages, targeted therapies that modulate the tumor immune microenvironment of pediatric solid tumors hold promise for improved outcomes. Focusing on various aspects of tumor immune biology in pediatric patients presents a therapeutic opportunity that could improve treatment outcomes. This review offers a comprehensive examination of recent literature concerning profiling the immune microenvironment in various pediatric tumors. It seeks to condense research findings on characterizing the immune microenvironment in pediatric tumors and its impact on tumor development, metastasis, and response to therapeutic modalities. It covers the immune microenvironment's role in tumor development, interactions with tumor cells, and its impact on the tumor's response to immunotherapy. The review also discusses challenges targeting the immune microenvironment for pediatric cancer therapies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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41. The Impact of Cardiovascular Antecedents on the Prognosis of COVID-19 Critically Ill Patients.
- Author
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Nechita, Luiza Camelia, Ignat, Mariana Daniela, Balta, Alexia Anastasia Stefania, Barbu, Raisa Eloise, Baroiu, Liliana, Voinescu, Doina Carina, Nechita, Aurel, Debita, Mihaela, Busila, Camelia, and Stefanopol, Ioana Anca
- Subjects
CARDIOVASCULAR diseases ,CONTINUOUS positive airway pressure ,COVID-19 ,CRITICALLY ill ,INTENSIVE care units ,PROGNOSIS - Abstract
Background/Objectives: The objective of the study is to analyze the impact of cardiovascular history on mortality in COVID-19 patients, hospitalized in the intensive care unit with indications for continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) and subsequently mechanical ventilation, without oncological disease. Methods: A retrospective observational study was carried out on a group of 108 critical COVID-19 patients. We compared demographic data, paraclinical and clinical parameters, days of hospitalization, and mortality rate between two groups of patients, one group with a history of cardiovascular disease (81 patients) and a group without a history of cardiovascular disease (27 patients). Results: Patients with cardiovascular antecedents had a higher mortality rate than those without cardiovascular antecedents, presenting severe forms with shorter survival time in the intensive care unit and increased inflammatory evidence. Compared to patients without a history of cardiovascular illness, those with cardiovascular disease had a lower average age, and developed a severe form of COVID-19. Conclusions: Cardiovascular antecedents can worsen the prognosis of patients with COVID-19, requiring a careful screening and multidisciplinary approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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- View/download PDF
42. Influence of Intraoperative Fluid Management on Postoperative Outcome and Mortality of Cytoreductive Surgery for Advanced Ovarian Cancer—A Retrospective Observational Study.
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Neumann, Claudia, Kranenberg, Eva, Schenk, Alina, Kiefer, Nicholas, Hilbert, Tobias, Klaschik, Sven, Keyver-Paik, Mignon Denise, and Soehle, Martin
- Subjects
RISK assessment ,SURGERY ,PATIENTS ,DATA analysis ,CREATININE ,OVARIAN tumors ,FLUID therapy ,SCIENTIFIC observation ,LOGISTIC regression analysis ,CYTOREDUCTIVE surgery ,TREATMENT effectiveness ,CANCER patients ,RETROSPECTIVE studies ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,SURGICAL complications ,INTRAOPERATIVE care ,ODDS ratio ,KAPLAN-Meier estimator ,MEDICAL records ,ACQUISITION of data ,STATISTICS ,WATER-electrolyte balance (Physiology) ,LACTATES ,SURVIVAL analysis (Biometry) ,CONFIDENCE intervals ,DATA analysis software ,OVARIECTOMY ,PROPORTIONAL hazards models ,DISEASE risk factors - Abstract
Background: The surgical treatment of advanced ovarian cancer is associated with extensive tissue trauma, prolonged operating times and a considerable volume shift. It, therefore, represents a challenge for anaesthesiological management. Aim: The aim of this single-centre, retrospective, observational study was to investigate whether intraoperative extensive volume supply influences postoperative outcomes and long-term survival. Methods: The study included 73 patients with a mean (SD) age of 63 (13) years who underwent extensive tumour-reducing surgery for ovarian cancer between 2012 and 2015. The effect of the intraoperative fluid balance on postoperative complications, such as anastomotic insufficiency or pleural effusions, was investigated using logistic regression. Further, the influence of fluid balance, lactate and creatinine levels on 5-year survival was analysed in a Cox regression model. Associations between anaesthesia time and the intraoperative fluid balance were examined using Spearman's rank correlation coefficients. Results: The mean (SD) postoperative fluid balance in the considered patient cohort was 9.1 (3.4) litres (l) at a mean (SD) anaesthesia time of 529 (106) minutes. Cox regression did not reveal a statistically significant effect of the fluid balance, but it did reveal a statistically significant association between the lactate level 24 h following surgery and the 5-year survival (HR [95%-CI] fluid balance: 0.97 [0.85, 1.11]; HR [95%-CI] lactate: 1.79 [1.24, 2.58]). According to logistic regression, the intraoperative fluid balance was associated with an increased chance of postoperative complications in the considered patient cohort (OR [95%-CI] 1.28 [1.1, 1.54]). Conclusions: We could not detect a negative impact of an increased fluid balance on 5-year survival, but a negative impact on postoperative complications was found in our patient cohort. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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43. Newly Woody Artificial Diet Reveals Antibacterial Activity of Hemolymph in Larvae of Zophobas atratus (Fabricius, 1775) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae).
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Kuprin, Alexander, Baklanova, Vladislava, Khandy, Maria, Grinchenko, Andrei, and Kumeiko, Vadim
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SAPROXYLIC insects ,TENEBRIONIDAE ,ANTIBACTERIAL agents ,INSECT rearing ,BEETLES ,HEMOLYMPH ,INSECT eggs ,EGGS - Abstract
Simple Summary: Currently, the optimization of mass rearing conditions for insects is a matter of highly applied and fundamental relevance since insects can be used as a source of protein in feed and feed supplements for farm animals as well as a source of antibacterial compounds for drug development and various insect research activities in laboratory conditions. The quantity and quality of the consumed feed has an effect on insect growth rate, duration of development, body weight, ability to spread, and survival, as well as on the mating success rate and total egg production of females. Suboptimal nutrition, growth, and development can affect beetle viability. We developed an artificial fungi-based diet for rearing an insect group adapted to life in wood and using it as one of their food sources and tested the effect of this diet on various parameters of the insects' development and their immunity. Zophobas atratus (Fabricius, 1775) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) was chosen as a model species (representative of this group of insects). Based on the parameters of development at all stages of Z. atratus and screening of hemolymph antibacterial activity of their larvae, we showed that the cultivation method we developed shortens the development time of beetles and strengthens their immunity. The rearing of saproxylic insects in laboratory conditions is an important task for studying the biology of insects. Through understanding nutritional needs, it is possible to optimize beetle rearing in laboratory conditions. In this study, an artificial fungi-based diet (FD) was developed for the cultivation of the darkling beetle Zophobas atratus (Fabricius, 1775) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) in laboratory conditions as a model object for studying the biology of saproxylophagous beetles. To assess the influence of the diet, a number of physiological parameters were measured, including development time, body size, and weight of all stages of the beetle's life cycle, as well as its immune status. The immune status of Z. atratus was assessed on the basis of larval hemolymph antibacterial activity against six different bacterial strains assessed using disk-diffusion and photometric tests. Our findings show that the FD reduces development time and boosts the immune status as compared to beetles reared on a standard diet (SD). Samples from FD-reared larvae had pronounced antibacterial activity as compared to samples from SD-reared larvae. This work is of fundamental importance for understanding the correlations between nutrition and development of saproxylic Coleoptera and is the first report on immune status regulation in this group of insects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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44. Disease Control and Toxicity Outcomes after Stereotactic Ablative Radiation Therapy for Recurrent and/or Metastatic Cancers in Young-Adult and Pediatric Patients.
- Author
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Upadhyay, Rituraj, Klamer, Brett, Matsui, Jennifer, Chakravarthy, Vikram B., Scharschmidt, Thomas, Yeager, Nicholas, Setty, Bhuvana A., Cripe, Timothy P., Roberts, Ryan D., Aldrink, Jennifer H., Singh, Raj, Raval, Raju R., Palmer, Joshua D., and Baliga, Sujith
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OSTEOSARCOMA ,TUMORS in children ,CANCER relapse ,INFECTION control ,GLIOMAS ,RADIOSURGERY ,TREATMENT effectiveness ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,CENTRAL nervous system ,METASTASIS ,PEDIATRICS ,KAPLAN-Meier estimator ,PROGRESSION-free survival ,SURVIVAL analysis (Biometry) ,EWING'S sarcoma ,RHABDOMYOSARCOMA ,OVERALL survival - Abstract
Simple Summary: Pediatric patients with recurrent and metastatic cancers often present with substantial tumor and symptom burden. Local control is an important factor to consider in this setting. Stereotactic ablative radiation therapy (SABR) offers a therapeutic advantage with higher, ablative doses potentially providing durable local control and a shorter fractionation schedule allowing minimum interruptions in systemic therapy and disruption in quality of life. In this study, we evaluate the outcomes of pediatric patients treated with SABR. We observed that SABR is well tolerated with local failure rates of <10% at 1 year and a median survival of 16.9 months. Patients with oligometastatic disease had a better survival rate than patients with widely metastatic disease, suggesting that the total consolidation of all metastatic sites in patients with a limited metastatic burden may be associated with better survival outcomes. Higher local control was associated with a higher radiation dose and sarcoma histology. Future studies evaluating SABR in combination with systemic therapy are warranted. Background: Pediatric patients with metastatic and/or recurrent solid tumors have poor survival outcomes despite standard-of-care systemic therapy. Stereotactic ablative radiation therapy (SABR) may improve tumor control. We report the outcomes with the use of SABR in our pediatric solid tumor population. Methods: This was a single-institutional study in patients < 30 years treated with SABR. The primary endpoint was local control (LC), while the secondary endpoints were progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and toxicity. The survival analysis was performed using Kaplan–Meier estimates in R v4.2.3. Results: In total, 48 patients receiving 135 SABR courses were included. The median age was 15.6 years (interquartile range, IQR 14–23 y) and the median follow-up was 18.1 months (IQR: 7.7–29.1). The median SABR dose was 30 Gy (IQR 25–35 Gy). The most common primary histologies were Ewing sarcoma (25%), rhabdomyosarcoma (17%), osteosarcoma (13%), and central nervous system (CNS) gliomas (13%). Furthermore, 57% of patients had oligometastatic disease (≤5 lesions) at the time of SABR. The one-year LC, PFS, and OS rates were 94%, 22%, and 70%, respectively. No grade 4 or higher toxicities were observed, while the rates of any grade 1, 2, and 3 toxicities were 11.8%, 3.7%, and 4.4%, respectively. Patients with oligometastatic disease, lung, or brain metastases and those who underwent surgery for a metastatic site had a significantly longer PFS. LC at 1-year was significantly higher for patients with a sarcoma histology (95.7% vs. 86.5%, p = 0.01) and for those who received a biological equivalent dose (BED10) > 48 Gy (100% vs. 91.2%, p = 0.001). Conclusions: SABR is well tolerated in pediatric patients with 1-year local failure and OS rates of <10% and 70%, respectively. Future studies evaluating SABR in combination with systemic therapy are needed to address progression outside of the irradiated field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Genomic Newborn Screening for Pediatric Cancer Predisposition Syndromes: A Holistic Approach.
- Author
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Linga, BalaSubramani Gattu, Mohammed, Sawsan G. A. A., Farrell, Thomas, Rifai, Hilal Al, Al-Dewik, Nader, and Qoronfleh, M. Walid
- Subjects
NEWBORN screening ,HOLISTIC medicine ,TUMORS in children ,GENOMICS ,EARLY detection of cancer ,GENETIC counseling ,CANCER patients ,INDIVIDUALIZED medicine ,MOLECULAR biology ,GENETIC testing ,SEQUENCE analysis ,ALGORITHMS ,MEDICAL care costs - Abstract
Simple Summary: Overall, this review offers a comprehensive and insightful exploration of the significance, implementation, and challenges of genomic newborn screening for pediatric cancer predisposition syndromes (CPSs). It emphasizes the importance of next-generation sequencing (NGS) in uncovering germline mutations that are responsible for CPSs in childhood malignancies. It delves into the selection criteria for screening, ethical considerations, gene panel selection, and the integration of established and emerging genes in CPS into large-scale newborn screening programs in healthcare systems. It also stresses the importance of early detection and its potential impact on pediatric care and outcomes, thus providing valuable information for healthcare professionals, researchers, and policymakers in the field of pediatric oncology and genetics. As next-generation sequencing (NGS) has become more widely used, germline and rare genetic variations responsible for inherited illnesses, including cancer predisposition syndromes (CPSs) that account for up to 10% of childhood malignancies, have been found. The CPSs are a group of germline genetic disorders that have been identified as risk factors for pediatric cancer development. Excluding a few "classic" CPSs, there is no agreement regarding when and how to conduct germline genetic diagnostic studies in children with cancer due to the constant evolution of knowledge in NGS technologies. Various clinical screening tools have been suggested to aid in the identification of individuals who are at greater risk, using diverse strategies and with varied outcomes. We present here an overview of the primary clinical and molecular characteristics of various CPSs and summarize the existing clinical genomics data on the prevalence of CPSs in pediatric cancer patients. Additionally, we discuss several ethical issues, challenges, limitations, cost-effectiveness, and integration of genomic newborn screening for CPSs into a healthcare system. Furthermore, we assess the effectiveness of commonly utilized decision-support tools in identifying patients who may benefit from genetic counseling and/or direct genetic testing. This investigation highlights a tailored and systematic approach utilizing medical newborn screening tools such as the genome sequencing of high-risk newborns for CPSs, which could be a practical and cost-effective strategy in pediatric cancer care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Acute Erythroid Leukemia: From Molecular Biology to Clinical Outcomes.
- Author
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Fernandes, Priyanka, Waldron, Natalie, Chatzilygeroudi, Theodora, Naji, Nour Sabiha, and Karantanos, Theodoros
- Subjects
ACUTE leukemia ,MOLECULAR biology ,ACUTE myeloid leukemia ,TREATMENT effectiveness ,BONE marrow transplantation - Abstract
Acute Erythroid Leukemia (AEL) is a rare and aggressive subtype of Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML). In 2022, the World Health Organization (WHO) defined AEL as a biopsy with ≥30% proerythroblasts and erythroid precursors that account for ≥80% of cellularity. The International Consensus Classification refers to this neoplasm as "AML with mutated TP53". Classification entails ≥20% blasts in blood or bone marrow biopsy and a somatic TP53 mutation (VAF > 10%). This type of leukemia is typically associated with biallelic TP53 mutations and a complex karyotype, specifically 5q and 7q deletions. Transgenic mouse models have implicated several molecules in the pathogenesis of AEL, including transcriptional master regulator GATA1 (involved in erythroid differentiation), master oncogenes, and CDX4. Recent studies have also characterized AEL by epigenetic regulator mutations and transcriptome subgroups. AEL patients have overall poor clinical outcomes, mostly related to their poor response to the standard therapies, which include hypomethylating agents and intensive chemotherapy. Allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (AlloBMT) is the only potentially curative approach but requires deep remission, which is very challenging for these patients. Age, AlloBMT, and a history of antecedent myeloid neoplasms further affect the outcomes of these patients. In this review, we will summarize the diagnostic criteria of AEL, review the current insights into the biology of AEL, and describe the treatment options and outcomes of patients with this disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
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47. Volatile Semiochemicals Emitted by Beauveria bassiana Modulate Larval Feeding Behavior and Food Choice Preference in Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae).
- Author
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Ramírez-Ordorica, Arturo, Adame-Garnica, Sandra Goretti, Ramos-Aboites, Hilda Eréndira, Winkler, Robert, and Macías-Rodríguez, Lourdes
- Subjects
FALL armyworm ,FOOD preferences ,BEAUVERIA bassiana ,SEMIOCHEMICALS ,NOCTUIDAE ,SORGHUM - Abstract
Beauveria bassiana is an entomopathogenic fungus that parasitizes and kills insects. The role of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted by B. bassiana acting as semiochemicals during its interaction with lepidopterans is poorly explored. Here, we studied the effect of VOCs from B. bassiana and 3-methylbutanol (as a single compound) on the feeding behavior of L2 larvae of Spodoptera frugiperda in sorghum plants. Additionally, we assessed whether fungal VOCs induce chemical modifications in the plants that affect larval food preferences. Metabolomic profiling of plant tissues was performed by mass spectrometry and bioassays in a dual-choice olfactometer. The results showed that the larval feeding behavior was affected by the B. bassiana strain AI2, showing that the insect response is strain-specific. Furthermore, 80 µg of 3-methylbutanol affected the number of bites. The larval feeding choice was dependent on the background context. Fragment spectra and a matching precursor ion mass of 165.882 m/z enabled the putative identification of 4-coumaric acid in sorghum leaves exposed to fungal VOCs, which may be associated with larval deterrent responses. These results provide valuable insights into the bipartite interaction of B. bassiana with lepidopterans through VOC emission, with the plant as a mediator of the interaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
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48. Clinical Characteristics and Whole Exome Sequencing Analysis in Serbian Cases of Clubfoot Deformity—Single Center Study.
- Author
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Milanovic, Filip, Ducic, Sinisa, Jankovic, Milena, Sindjic-Antunovic, Sanja, Dubljanin-Raspopović, Emilija, Aleksic, Milica, Djuricic, Goran, and Nikolic, Dejan
- Subjects
HEALTH literacy ,RESEARCH funding ,STATISTICAL sampling ,FISHER exact test ,PEDIATRICS ,LONGITUDINAL method ,CLUBFOOT ,GENETIC mutation ,DATA analysis software ,SEQUENCE analysis - Abstract
Background: Recognized as one of the most serious musculoskeletal deformities, occurring in 1–2 per 1000 newborns, 80% of clubfeet are idiopathic while 20% present with associated malformations. The etiopathogenesis of clubfoot is described as multifactorial, including both genetic and environmental risk factors. The aim of this study was to analyze possible genetic causes of isolated and syndromic clubfoot in Serbian children, as well as to correlate clinical and genetic characteristics that would provide insight into clubfoot etiopathogenesis and possibly contribute to global knowledge about clinical features of different genetically defined disorders. Methods: We evaluated 50 randomly selected, eligible children with clubfoot aged 3 to 16 years that were initially hospitalized and treated at University Children's Hospital between November 2006 and November 2022. The tested parameters were gender, age, dominant foot, affected foot, degree of deformity, treatment, neuromuscular disorders, positive family history, and maternal smoking. According to the presence of defined genetic mutation/s by whole exome sequencing (WES), patients were separated into two groups: positive (with genetic mutation/s) and negative (without genetic mutation/s). Results: Seven patients were found to be positive, i.e., with genetic mutation/s. A statistically significant difference between categorical variables was found for families with a history of clubfoot, where more than half (57.14%) of patients with confirmed genetic mutation/s also had a family history of genetic mutation/s (p = 0.023). Conclusions: The results from this study further expand the genetic epidemiology of clubfoot. This study contributes to the establishment of genetic diagnostic strategies in pediatric patients with this condition, which can lead to more efficient genetic diagnosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. External Support of Autologous Internal Jugular Vein Grafts with FRAME Mesh in a Porcine Carotid Artery Model.
- Author
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Chlupac, Jaroslav, Frank, Jan, Sedmera, David, Fabian, Ondrej, Simunkova, Zuzana, Mrazova, Iveta, Novak, Tomas, Vanourková, Zdenka, Benada, Oldrich, Pulda, Zdenek, Adla, Theodor, Kveton, Martin, Lodererova, Alena, Voska, Ludek, Pirk, Jan, and Fronek, Jiri
- Subjects
CAROTID artery ,JUGULAR vein ,BLOOD vessel prosthesis ,AUTOTRANSPLANTATION ,CARDIOVASCULAR surgery ,DRUG-eluting stents - Abstract
Background: Autologous vein grafts are widely used for bypass procedures in cardiovascular surgery. However, these grafts are susceptible to failure due to vein graft disease. Our study aimed to evaluate the impact of the latest-generation FRAME external support on vein graft remodeling in a preclinical model. Methods: We performed autologous internal jugular vein interposition grafting in porcine carotid arteries for one month. Four grafts were supported with a FRAME mesh, while seven unsupported grafts served as controls. The conduits were examined through flowmetry, angiography, macroscopy, and microscopy. Results: The one-month patency rate of FRAME-supported grafts was 100% (4/4), whereas that of unsupported controls was 43% (3/7, Log-rank p = 0.071). On explant angiography, FRAME grafts exhibited significantly more areas with no or mild stenosis (9/12) compared to control grafts (3/21, p = 0.0009). Blood flow at explantation was higher in the FRAME grafts (145 ± 51 mL/min) than in the controls (46 ± 85 mL/min, p = 0.066). Area and thickness of neo-intimal hyperplasia (NIH) at proximal anastomoses were similar for the FRAME and the control groups: 5.79 ± 1.38 versus 6.94 ± 1.10 mm
2 , respectively (p = 0.558) and 480 ± 95 vs. 587 ± 52 μm2 /μm, respectively (p = 0.401). However, in the midgraft portions, the NIH area and thickness were significantly lower in the FRAME group than in the control group: 3.73 ± 0.64 vs. 6.27 ± 0.64 mm2 , respectively (p = 0.022) and 258 ± 49 vs. 518 ± 36 μm2 /μm, respectively (p = 0.0002). Conclusions: In our porcine model, the external mesh FRAME improved the patency of vein-to-carotid artery grafts and protected them from stenosis, particularly in the mid regions. The midgraft neo-intimal hyperplasia was two-fold thinner in the meshed grafts than in the controls. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Flow Training Program: Mindfulness, Decision Making, and Mental Well-Being of Young and Adult Elite Handball Athletes.
- Author
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Martiny, Luis, Dias, Gonçalo, Ferreira, José Pedro, Mendes, Rodrigo, and Mendes, Rui
- Subjects
MENTAL health ,DECISION making ,ELITE athletes ,GROUP decision making ,FLOW theory (Psychology) - Abstract
This study aimed to analyze the effect of a flow training program based on mindfulness applied to young and adult elite handball athletes. A quantitative, quasi-experimental, descriptive data analysis approach was carried out. The sample included 105 athletes (51 female and 54 male). The athletes were divided into two groups: (i) experimental (n = 53) and (ii) control (n = 52). The results of the repeated ANOVA indicated that the experimental group achieved significant improvements compared to the control group in decision making (n
2 p = 0.086), mental well-being (n2 p = 0.045), dispositional flow state (n2 p = 0.103), non-judgment (n2 p = 0.040), refocusing (n2 p = 0.052), and mindful traits in daily life (n2 p = 0.058). A Pearson analysis demonstrated a positive correlation between dispositional flow state and mindfulness in sport and mental well-being. The correlation analysis also showed an inverse correlation between decision making and sense of control and mindful traits in daily life. The findings revealed that the program can be effective in decision making, mental well-being, dispositional flow state, mindfulness in sport, and mindful traits in daily lives of athletes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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