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Methanol oxidation stands out as a pivotal solution in addressing the global energy crisis and environmental pollution, owing to its practical applicability, high current density, and the ready availability of methanol as a fuel source. To effectively catalyze methanol oxidation, an electrocatalyst is imperious to overcome the activation energy barrier. Herein, a three‐dimensionally arranged NiSe2 nanosheet‐based electrocatalyst is synthesized through a facile solvothermal followed by an annealing method. The catalyst's porous structure enhances catalytic efficiency by providing a substantial electrochemical surface area (ECSA) equivalent to 0.121 mF cm−2. Notably, the electrocatalyst exhibits a remarkable response of 21.58 mA cm−2 at an overpotential of 1.70 V vs RHE, accompanied by the lowest Tafel slope recorded at 39.14 mV dec−1. The electronic circuit, represented by Rs(Qf(RfW(QdlRct)), aligns well with electrochemical impedance spectroscopy data, elucidating the reaction path and intrinsic properties. Furthermore, the catalytic performance is elucidated concerning ECSA and weight, revealing current densities of 5.60 mA cm−2 and 71.34 mA mg−1, respectively. Impressively, the catalyst demonstrates exceptional resistance to poisoning and sustained stability over a continuous 3600‐s operation. This comprehensive study underscores the promising potential of the NiSe2 nanosheet‐based electrocatalyst for efficient methanol oxidation, providing valuable insights for advancing clean energy technologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Complex fracture reconstruction, malunion, delayed and nonunion are challenging problems often require special attention. Autogenous bone graft for osseous healing has been considered gold standard for decades. It contains viable osteoprogenitor cells, cytokines and growth factors with appropriate tissue matrix resulting in osteogenesis, osteoinduction and osteoconduction. Orthobiologics are biological materials used to augment bone and soft tissue cure, with multifactorial effects. In our study, three orthobiologics i.e., Bone Marrow Aspirate (BMA), Platelet Rich Plasma (PRP) and Decellularized Fish Scale (DFS) were used in conjunction to autogenous bone graft. Objective was to transplant as many cells as possible with osteogenic potential along with the graft. These three regimens were evaluated in terms of clinical vital parameters, hematology, serum analysis, bone biomarkers, mechanical assessment, radiographic evaluation and histomorphometry. We concluded that Bone-BMA combination showed best results in fracture healing and bone remodeling while Bone-PRP combination was below par than Bone-BMA but was superior to Bone-DFS combination. More clinical research may be required before widespread use of these regimens. Furthermore, it is paramount that veterinary orthopedic surgeons must have contemporary knowledge regarding autogenous grafts and orthobiologics, so they can utilize them correctly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Stromal vascular fraction (SVF) has become a promising candidate for regenerative therapy. SVF is preferred over culture-expanded stem cells due to its quick availability for clinical use and easy preparation. Burn wounds are a serious problem faced by veterinary clinicians in various animals. In this regard, the study was planned for the preparation and characterization of SVF from the adipose tissue of rabbits. Twelve healthy rabbits having body weight of 1000-1500g and of the same age were included in this study. SVF was prepared from bilateral inguinal fat that was harvested under general anesthesia. The harvested fat was enzymatically digested with 0.1% collagenase-I. It was then centrifuged and the SVF pellet was collected. The pellet was characterized through total viable cell count, cell per gram and percentage of viability by using Neubauer’s chamber. The average cell yield per microliter was 2.992±1.527 x 104 cells/µl. SVF per gram of adipose tissues was 2.992±1.527 x 106 cells/g, percentage of viability was 97.98± 0.31%, while non-viable cell count was 2.02± 0.31%. It is concluded that enzymatic digestion is an easy technique requiring less time for SVF isolation and gives better cell yield per gram. SVF preparation process has advantages of minimum cell contamination and processing time. Hence, it is a cost effective and alternate procedure for developing countries like Pakistan. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Punjabi is a widely spoken Indo-Aryan language. The standard phonetics of Punjabi has 5 tonal segments and three tones. Tone is a segmental unit in a tonal language and is used for differentiating two identical words having similar sequence of vowels and consonants. Punjabi is a contour tone language and the motivation of this research is to find out the actual use of tones among educated Punjabi speakers of Lahore. It is being observed that spoken Punjabi of educated speakers is influenced with the multilingualism and educational factors in the premises of Lahore that's why pitch contours become leveled. Therefore, the semantic differentiation of two identical words is being done on the basis of context not because of pitch patterns of tone. This is a phonetic research, therefore, PRAAT software is used for recordings and analysis. Consequently, the minimal pairs were recorded initially in carrier phrases then in different contexts. Speech annotation was done at segmental and supra-segmental levels. This research will prove beneficial for the identification of language endangerment of Punjabi in Pakistan. Therefore, its revival is considered very essential for new generations, otherwise, it will become extinct. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper is about the acoustic effect of Urdu phonological rules on Pakistani Urdu speakers' English speech. The objective of the study is to discuss the phenomenon of multiple pronunciations of an English word that has the same spellings, meaning, and part of speech but different pronunciations in the English speech of Urdu speakers. Sometimes these alternative pronunciations are considered mispronunciation rather than multiple pronunciations. The primary purpose of this study is to make a boundary-line between mispronunciations and multiple pronunciations of English vocabulary. Thus, an acoustic analysis of Urdu speakers' English speech has been done by collecting speech data of 30 Urdu speakers from the Public sector universities of Pakistan. Consequently, this paper caters to language-dependent variations of Urdu. This paper only deals with three phonological rules, i.e., segment alternation, ellipsis, epenthesis, which become the cause for re-syllabification of English words. These three foci of research have been selected because the data analysis has confirmed that the 'multiple pronunciation' is mainly occurred due to these three elements. These three categories cover several sub-categories that cover many instances in the data analysis. The data also confirms that phonological variations occur due to stress shifting in Urdu speakers' English speech in Pakistan. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]