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4,498 results on '"JPN"'

1. Clinical and biochemical characterization of four patients with mutations in ECHS1.

Author

Gallagher, Renata, Ferdinandusse, S, Friederich, MW, Burlina, A, Ruiter, JPN, Coughlin, CR, Dishop, MK, Gallagher, RC, Bedoyan, JK, Vaz, FM, and Waterham, HR

Abstract

Short-chain enoyl-CoA hydratase (SCEH, encoded by ECHS1) catalyzes hydration of 2-trans-enoyl-CoAs to 3(S)-hydroxy-acyl-CoAs. SCEH has a broad substrate specificity and is believed to play an important role in mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation and in the

Published
2015

3. Impact of Starvation on Worms and ionic composition of Haemolymph of Philosamia Ricini

Author

Shuchita Chandorkar, Shobha Shouche, and Jpn Pathak

Subjects
Haemolymph, monovalent cation, divalent cation, starvation
Abstract

The fifth instar larvae of Philosamia ricini were reared under food stress. These were kept on starvation for three days. After that the haemolymph was taken for the analysis. Monovalent cations sodium, potassium and divalent cations calcium and magnesium were estimated, to observe the impact of starvation. With respect to ther control worms Na+ ions increased significantly while Mg++ ions showed rather insignificant change. Divalent cation Calcium showed an insignificant change but Magnesium ions showed a significant decrease. KEYWORDS: Haemolymph, monovalent cation, divalent cation, starvation, REFERENCES Asperen, K. van and Esch, I.van (1956). The chemical composition of haemolymph in Periplaneta americana. Arch. Neerl. Zool. 11, 342. Brady J. (1967a). Haemocytes and measurement of porassium in insect blood. Nature, Lond., 215, 96-7. Brady J. (1967b). The relationship between blood ions and blood-cell density in insects. J. exp. Biol. 47, 313-26. Cohen, A. C. and Patana, R. (1982). Ontogenetic and stress related changes in the haemolymph chemistry of beet armyworms. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 71A, 193. Florkin M. and Jeuniaux C. (1974). Haemolymph: composition. In The physiology of Insects. Vol. V, pp.256-307. Nicolson, et al. (1974). Effects of starvation and dehydration on osmotic and ionic balance in Carasius morosus. J. Insect. Physiol. 20, 2061-2069. Pant R, and Agarwal,H. C., (1965). Biochem. J., 96, 824 Pichon, Y.(1963). La teneur en ions Na+, K+, et Ca++ de l`hemolymphe de Periplaneta americana L., ses variations. Bull. Soc. Scient.Bretagne 38, 147. Pichon Y. and Boistel (1963a). Modifications de la composition ionique de l`hemolymphe d`une blatte, Periplaneta americana, saous I`effect du jeune et de la deshydratation. C. R. Seanc. Soc. Biol. 158, 272. Pichon Y. and Boistel (1963b). Modifications in the ionic content of the haemolymph and of the activity of Periplaneta americana in relation to diet. J. insect Phyiol. 9, 887-91. Pichon Y. (1970). Ionic content of haemolymph in the cockroach, Periplaneta americana. J. Exp. Biol., 53, 195-209. Tobias, J. M. (1948). Potassium, sodium and water interchange in irritable tissues and haemolymph of a omnivorous insect Periplaneta americana. J. Cell. Comp. Physiol. 31, 125-142. Treherne J. E. (1954a) The exchange of labeled sodium in the larva of Aedes egyptii. L. J. Exp. Biol. 31, 386-401. Treherne J. E. (1961). Sodium and potassium fluxes in the abdominal nerve cord of the cockroach Periplaneta americana. J. exp. biol. 38, 315-22

Published
2022
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6. Prevalence and Factors Associated with Impairment of Instrumental Activities of Daily Living in Older People: A Population Study

Author

Mota Jpn, Pagotto, Castro Dc, Menezes Rl, Moura Bm, Brazil Technologies, Vera I, Nunes Dp, and Pereira Lv

Subjects
Gerontology, Activities of daily living, business.industry, Medicine, Population study, business, Older people
Abstract

Objective: To identify the prevalence and factors associated with functional disability for Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL) among older people in a Brazilian capital. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study carried out on 927 older people in the city of Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil. Lawton’s scale was used to assess IADL. Functional disability was characterized as difficulty in performing at least one activity. Multiple logistic regression was employed for the analysis of association. Results: A 58.2% prevalence of disability was identified, and the most compromised activities were doing manual work, doing the laundry, and ironing. There was an association between disability and old age, poor/very poor self-rated health, cerebrovascular accident, widowhood, cognitive impairment, musculoskeletal disorder, and living alone. Conclusions: The prevalence of functional disability for IADL was higher than that of national and international studies. We verified associated factors that can be modified by health promotion initiatives, which are configured as priority areas for interventions.

Published
2021

7. Statistical analysis plan: Development and validation of prediction models for new-onset atrial fibrillation in patients admitted to an intensive care unit

Author

Bedford, JPN, Hatch, R, Redfern, O, Gerry, S, Mertes, G, Clifton, D, Watkinson, P, and Collins, G

Abstract

Introduction:New-onset atrial fibrillation (NOAF) is a common arrhythmia in patients on an intensive care unit (ICU). NOAF in this setting is associated with adverse short and long-term outcomes. Little is known about modifiable risk factors for NOAF. Developing a model to identify patients at high risk of developing NOAF is vital for future studies investigating prevention strategies to allow stratification, sample enrichment and efficient study design. Methods:We will use data from 7 general ICUs in the UK and USA to develop a predictive model for NOAF. We will assess whether including longitudinal, dynamic predictors, along with the use of machine learning approaches improves model predictive ability. Generalisability and Implications:This work will be the largest assessment of predictors of NOAF in patients treated on a general ICU. It will be the first to analyse international data to ensure worldwide applicability. A detailed understanding of modifiable risk factors underpins future work to prevent NOAF in these patients.

Published
2021
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8. WHICH WAY FORWARD FOR ISLAMIC FINANCE ?

Author

Gorvett, Jpn

Subjects
Islamic banking -- Forecasts and trends, Market trend/market analysis, Business, Business, international, News, opinion and commentary, Social sciences
Abstract

Malaysia has become the world's largest issuer of Islamic bonds. Meanwhile, Indonesia, the... world's largest Islamic country - is waking up to the benefits of interest-free banking, while Singapore vies [...]

Published
2021

9. The Galactose Index measured in fibroblasts of GALT deficient patients distinguishes variant patients detected by newborn screening from patients with classical phenotypes

Author

Welsink-Karssies, MM, van Weeghel, M, Hollak, CEM, Elfrink, HL, Janssen, MCH, Lai, K, Langendonk, Janneke, Oussoren, Esmeralda, Ruiter, JPN, Treacy, EP, Boersma - de Vries, M, Ferdinandusse, S, Bosch, AM, Welsink-Karssies, MM, van Weeghel, M, Hollak, CEM, Elfrink, HL, Janssen, MCH, Lai, K, Langendonk, Janneke, Oussoren, Esmeralda, Ruiter, JPN, Treacy, EP, Boersma - de Vries, M, Ferdinandusse, S, and Bosch, AM

Published
2020

18. Effectiveness of 'Warm Footbath' on fatigue and insomnia in patients undergoing radiotherapy

Author

Minu Sharma, Kamli Prakash, and Jpn Priya

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, 030504 nursing, business.industry, medicine.medical_treatment, Radiation therapy, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Insomnia, Physical therapy, Medicine, In patient, medicine.symptom, 0305 other medical science, business
Published
2016

20. Factors affecting the harmonization of disease‐related metabolic brain pattern expression quantification in [18F]FDG‐PET (PETMETPAT)

Author

Rosalie V. Kogan, Bas A. deJong, Remco J. Renken, Sanne K. Meles, Paul J.H. vanSnick, Sandeep Golla, Sjoerd Rijnsdorp, Daniela Perani, Klaus L. Leenders, Ronald Boellaard, and JPND‐PETMETPAT Working Group

Subjects
Neuroimaging biomarker, FDG‐PET, Harmonization, Hoffman 3D brain phantom, Principal component analysis, Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system, RC346-429, Geriatrics, RC952-954.6
Abstract

Abstract Introduction The implementation of spatial‐covariance [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography–based disease‐related metabolic brain patterns as biomarkers has been hampered by intercenter imaging differences. Within the scope of the JPND‐PETMETPAT working group, we illustrate the impact of these differences on Parkinson's disease–related pattern (PDRP) expression scores. Methods Five healthy controls, 5 patients with idiopathic rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder, and 5 patients with Parkinson's disease were scanned on one positron emission tomography/computed tomography system with multiple image reconstructions. In addition, one Hoffman 3D Brain Phantom was scanned on several positron emission tomography/computed tomography systems using various reconstructions. Effects of image contrast on PDRP scores were also examined. Results Human and phantom raw PDRP scores were systematically influenced by scanner and reconstruction effects. PDRP scores correlated inversely to image contrast. A Gaussian spatial filter reduced contrast while decreasing intercenter score differences. Discussion Image contrast should be considered in harmonization efforts. A Gaussian filter may reduce noise and intercenter effects without sacrificing sensitivity. Phantom measurements will be important for correcting PDRP score offsets.

Published
2019
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21. Günstiger über Öresundbrücke.

Author

jpn

Subjects
SURCHARGES, TRUCKS
Abstract

The article reports that surcharge on the use of Öresund Bridge by trucks for traveling between Sweden and Denmark.

Published
2018

22. Ein Connie für Mike Wilson.

Author

jpn

Subjects
WILSON, Michael, HAMBURG Sudamerikanische Dampfschifffahrts-Gesellschaft KG
Abstract

The article announces that Michael Wilson, North America Representative of the shipping company Hamburg Süd has received the Connie Awards 2018.

Published
2018

23. Umschlag in Bremen stabil.

Author

jpn

Subjects
HARBORS, TRANSPORTATION
Abstract

The article presents views of German Senator Martin Günthneram Montag, on the increased transportation through ports of Bremen and Bremerhaven in Germany.

Published
2018

40. Edge Modes and Nonlocal Conductance in Graphene Superlattices

Author

Brown R., Walet N.R., Guinea F. and 'We have analyzed the nature of edge states in superlattices of gapped graphene on BN. We have shown that nontrivial patterns of Berry curvature are induced in the superlattice Brillouin zone, giving rise to Chern numbers that are typically nonzero, and change from subband to subband',' topological edge modes are thus generic for a Hamiltonian describing modulated fields in monolayer graphene, as is suitable for graphene on BN. The precise value of these numbers depends on details of the superlattice potential, although they are generally present provided that physically reasonable superlattice parameters are used. The existence of finite Chern numbers in the superlattice bands leads to a valley Hall effect. These results are confirmed by real space calculations for superlattice ribbons. We find dispersive bands and crossings near the corners of the Brillouin zone. Currents along the superlattice edges are degraded by short-range intervalley scattering, whereas in clean graphene samples electronic transport is limited by long range, intravalley scattering. The effect of disorder localized at the edges is suppressed by the long decay length of the states, due to the small size of the gaps. Simple estimates of the mean free path and localization length associated with edge disorder give values in the order of microns. This provides an explanation for the low resistivities found in electronic transport measurements of graphene on BN [35] (see also Ref. [17] ). We have demonstrated that the superlattice is of importance to the transport properties of graphene on a substrate such as BN, or as a means to measure the valley Hall effect. We would like to thank M. Ben Shalom, V. Fal’ko, A. Geim, and J. Walbank for useful conversations. 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Published
2018

41. Les Traits fonctionnels de plantes ont des effets globalement cohérents sur la compétition

Author

Sylvie Gourlet-Fleury, Christopher Baraloto, Hendrik Poorter, Jill Thompson, Josep Peñuelas, Georges Kunstler, Ghislain Vieilledent, María Uriarte, Robert M. Kooyman, Lourens Poorter, Jens Kattge, Göran Ståhl, John P. Caspersen, Hongcheng Zeng, S. Joseph Wright, Marc Hanewinkel, Yusuke Onoda, Paloma Ruiz-Benito, Mark C. Vanderwel, Sarah J. Richardson, Miguel A. Zavala, Nathan G. Swenson, Christian Wirth, Bruno Hérault, Jess K. Zimmerman, Hiroko Kurokawa, Masahiro Aiba, David A. Coomes, Daniel C. Laughlin, Mark Westoby, I-Fang Sun, Daniel S. Falster, Francis K. C. Hui, Bertil Westerlund, J. Hans C. Cornelissen, Niklaus E. Zimmermann, Universidad de Alcalá. Departamento de Ciencias de la Vida, Ecosystèmes montagnards (UR EMGR), Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, New South Wales 2109, Australia, Partenaires IRSTEA, Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), MACQUARIE UNIVERSITY AUS, UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE GBR, Australian National University (ANU), NATIONAL HERBARIUM OF NEW SOUTH WALES AUS, UNIVERSITY OF WAIKATO HAMILTON NZL, Wageningen University and Research [Wageningen] (WUR), UNIVERSITY OF REGINA CAN, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, TOHOKU UNIVERSITY JPN, Ecologie des forêts de Guyane (UMR ECOFOG), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech-Université de Guyane (UG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO CAN, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (VU), UNIVERSITY OF FREIBURG DEU, MAX PLANCK INSTITUTE FOR BIOGEOCHEMISTRY JENA DEU, KYOTO UNIVERSITY JPN, CSIC CATALONIA ESP, FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM JULICH GMBH DEU, COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY USA, Manaaki Whenua – Landcare Research [Lincoln], UNIVERSITY OF STIRLING GBR, NATIONAL DONG HWA UNIVERSITY HUALIEN TWN, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND USA, Centre for Ecology and Hydrology [Bangor] (CEH), Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), Fakultät für Physik und Geowissenschaften [Leipzig], Universität Leipzig [Leipzig], UNIVERSITY OF ALCALA ESP, University of Puerto Rico (UPR), WSL BIRMENSDORF CHE, CEBA [ANR-10-LABX-25-01], IGBP, DIVERSITAS, GLP, NERC, QUEST, FRB, GIS Climate, Marie Curie International Outgoing Fellowship within European Community [299340], Macquarie University, Australian Research Council, Coomes, David [0000-0002-8261-2582], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, Systems Ecology, and Amsterdam Global Change Institute

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Internationality, Biome, Phénotype, F62 - Physiologie végétale - Croissance et développement, forêt tropicale, Forests, 01 natural sciences, Trees, K01 - Foresterie - Considérations générales, Densité, Dynamique des populations, Plant ecology, media_common, 2. Zero hunger, Multidisciplinary, Ecology, Surface foliaire, PE&RC, Wood, Physiologie végétale, Compétition végétale, Phenotype, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Trait, Écosystème forestier, Modèle mathématique, Intéraction génotype environnement, F40 - Écologie végétale, Specific leaf area, media_common.quotation_subject, Biology, 010603 evolutionary biology, Models, Biological, Ecology and Environment, Competition (biology), Environmental science, Bois, Forest ecology, Mesure, Life Science, Bosecologie en Bosbeheer, Community ecology, Croissance, Community, Composition botanique, Environmental ethics, Phenotypic trait, 15. Life on land, Forest Ecology and Forest Management, Plant Leaves, Medio Ambiente, Espacement, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

International audience; Phenotypic traits and their associated trade-offs have been shown to have globally consistent effects on individual plant physiological functions1, 2, 3, but how these effects scale up to influence competition, a key driver of community assembly in terrestrial vegetation, has remained unclear4. Here we use growth data from more than 3 million trees in over 140,000 plots across the world to show how three key functional traits-wood density, specific leaf area and maximum height-consistently influence competitive interactions. Fast maximum growth of a species was correlated negatively with its wood density in all biomes, and positively with its specific leaf area in most biomes. Low wood density was also correlated with a low ability to tolerate competition and a low competitive effect on neighbours, while high specific leaf area was correlated with a low competitive effect. Thus, traits generate trade-offs between performance with competition versus performance without competition, a fundamental ingredient in the classical hypothesis that the coexistence of plant species is enabled via differentiation in their successional strategies5. Competition within species was stronger than between species, but an increase in trait dissimilarity between species had little influence in weakening competition. No benefit of dissimilarity was detected for specific leaf area or wood density, and only a weak benefit for maximum height. Our trait-based approach to modelling competition makes generalization possible across the forest ecosystems of the world and their highly diverse species composition.

Published
2016

42. Établissement d'un consensus sur le développement d'un indicateur de stress pour l'évaluation des impacts de la consommation d'eau en ACV : résultats des ateliers d'experts

Author

Anne-Marie Boulay, Atsushi Inaba, Yann Lemoine, Camillo De Camillis, Sayaka Yoshikawa, Samuel Vionnet, Francis Gassert, Montserrat Núñez, Petra Döll, Dieter Gerten, Manuele Margni, Amandine Pastor, Sebastien Humbert, Jane C. Bare, Masaharu Motoshita, Stephan Pfister, Naoki Shirakawa, Sebastien Worbe, Bradley G. Ridoutt, Norihiro Itsubo, Urs Schencker, CIRAIG ECOLE POLYTECHNIQUE MONTREAL CAN, Partenaires IRSTEA, Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), USEPA WASHINGTON USA, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations [Rome, Italie] (FAO), GOETHE UNIVERSITY FRANKFURT DEU, WORLD RESOURCES INSTITUTE WASHINGTON USA, PIK POTSDAM INSTITUTE FOR CLIMATE IMPACT RESEARCH POTSDAM DEU, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Kogakuin University [Tokyo], TOKYO CITY UNIVERSITY TOKYO JPN, EDF (EDF), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Information – Technologies – Analyse Environnementale – Procédés Agricoles (UMR ITAP), Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Wageningen University and Research [Wageningen] (WUR), CSIRO COMMONWEALTH SCIENTIFIC AND INDUSTRIAL RESEARCH ORGANISATION AUS, NESTLE RESEARCH CENTER LAUSANNE CHE, Université de Tsukuba = University of Tsukuba, Veolia Environnement (FRANCE), TOKYO INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY TOKYO JPN, and ETH ZURICH CHE

Subjects
Impact assessment, business.industry, media_common.quotation_subject, Environmental resource management, 15. Life on land, Outcome (game theory), 6. Clean water, Water consumption, Earth System Science, Water scarcity, Consensus-based, Human health, 13. Climate action, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Leerstoelgroep Aardsysteemkunde, Quality (business), business, WULCA, Water use, General Environmental Science, media_common
Abstract

Purpose: The WULCA group, active since 2007 on Water Use in LCA, commenced the development of consensus-based indicators in January 2014. This activity is planned to last 2 years and covers human health, ecosystem quality, and a stress-based indicator. This latter encompasses potential deprivation of both ecosystem and human, hence aiming to represent potential impacts more comprehensively than any other available LCA-oriented method assessing the “water scarcity footprint” (ISO 2014). Methods: A series of three expert workshops, including non-LCA experts from hydrology, eco-hydrology, and water supply science, was organized specifically on the topic of this generic midpoint indicator. They were held in Zurich on 10th September, in San Francisco on 5th October and in Tsukuba on 27th October 2014. In total 49 experts attended. The specific objectives of the workshops were twofold. First, it was to present the identified options of the stress-based indicator narrowed down by the active members of WULCA during the first 8 months of the project and to receive comments on the relevance, usefulness, acceptability, and focus of the selected indicator. Second, the workshop covered different challenges in the modeling of the indicator and presented the experts with background information and specific questions. This paper summarizes the discussions and outcome of these workshops. Where no agreement was reached, the working group of active members is considering all inputs received and continues the work. Results and discussion: The discussion covered first the question to be answered by such indicator, resulting on an agreement on the evaluation of the potential to deprive other users of water, independently of who the user is (i.e., human or ecosystems). Special attention was given to the special case of arid areas as well as the definition of environmental water requirements. Specific modeling challenges were then addressed: definition and quantification of human and ecosystem water demand, consideration of green water and terrestrial ecosystems, sources of data, distinction of groundwater and surface water, and temporal and geographical resolution. Conclusions: The input, decisions, and points of discussion were compiled and brought back within the group of active members. The group is using the recommendations and works further on the harmonization of the points of disagreement. It is expected that a selection of indicators representing different ways to address the most important issues will be produced and tested in spring 2015. The analysis of the result should lead to a provisional recommendation by summer 2015.

Published
2015

43. PDRs4All: A JWST Early Release Science Program on Radiative Feedback from Massive Stars

Author

Olivier Berné, Émilie Habart, Els Peeters, Alain Abergel, Edwin A. Bergin, Jeronimo Bernard-Salas, Emeric Bron, Jan Cami, Emmanuel Dartois, Asunción Fuente, Javier R. Goicoechea, Karl D. Gordon, Yoko Okada, Takashi Onaka, Massimo Robberto, Markus Röllig, Alexander G. G. M. Tielens, Sílvia Vicente, Mark G. Wolfire, Felipe Alarcón, C. Boersma, Amélie Canin, Ryan Chown, Daniel Dicken, David Languignon, Romane Le Gal, Marc W. Pound, Boris Trahin, Thomas Simmer, Ameek Sidhu, Dries Van De Putte, Sara Cuadrado, Claire Guilloteau, Alexandros Maragkoudakis, Bethany R. Schefter, Thiébaut Schirmer, Stéphanie Cazaux, Isabel Aleman, Louis Allamandola, Rebecca Auchettl, Giuseppe Antonio Baratta, Salma Bejaoui, Partha P. Bera, Goranka Bilalbegović, John H. Black, Francois Boulanger, Jordy Bouwman, Bernhard Brandl, Philippe Brechignac, Sandra Brünken, Andrew Burkhardt, Alessandra Candian, Jose Cernicharo, Marin Chabot, Shubhadip Chakraborty, Jason Champion, Sean W. J. Colgan, Ilsa R. Cooke, Audrey Coutens, Nick L. J. Cox, Karine Demyk, Jennifer Donovan Meyer, Cécile Engrand, Sacha Foschino, Pedro García-Lario, Lisseth Gavilan, Maryvonne Gerin, Marie Godard, Carl A. Gottlieb, Pierre Guillard, Antoine Gusdorf, Patrick Hartigan, Jinhua He, Eric Herbst, Liv Hornekaer, Cornelia Jäger, Eduardo Janot-Pacheco, Christine Joblin, Michael Kaufman, Francisca Kemper, Sarah Kendrew, Maria S. Kirsanova, Pamela Klaassen, Collin Knight, Sun Kwok, Álvaro Labiano, Thomas S.-Y. Lai, Timothy J. Lee, Bertrand Lefloch, Franck Le Petit, Aigen Li, Hendrik Linz, Cameron J. Mackie, Suzanne C. Madden, Joëlle Mascetti, Brett A. McGuire, Pablo Merino, Elisabetta R. Micelotta, Karl Misselt, Jon A. Morse, Giacomo Mulas, Naslim Neelamkodan, Ryou Ohsawa, Alain Omont, Roberta Paladini, Maria Elisabetta Palumbo, Amit Pathak, Yvonne J. Pendleton, Annemieke Petrignani, Thomas Pino, Elena Puga, Naseem Rangwala, Mathias Rapacioli, Alessandra Ricca, Julia Roman-Duval, Joseph Roser, Evelyne Roueff, Gaël Rouillé, Farid Salama, Dinalva A. Sales, Karin Sandstrom, Peter Sarre, Ella Sciamma-O’Brien, Kris Sellgren, Matthew J. Shannon, Sachindev S. Shenoy, David Teyssier, Richard D. Thomas, Aditya Togi, Laurent Verstraete, Adolf N. Witt, Alwyn Wootten, Nathalie Ysard, Henning Zettergren, Yong Zhang, Ziwei E. Zhang, Junfeng Zhen, Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut d'astrophysique spatiale (IAS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), University of Western Ontario (UWO), Carl Sagan Center, SETI Institute, University of Michigan [Ann Arbor], University of Michigan System, Analytic and Computational Research, Inc. - Earth Sciences (ACRI-ST), Laboratoire d'Etude du Rayonnement et de la Matière en Astrophysique et Atmosphères = Laboratory for Studies of Radiation and Matter in Astrophysics and Atmospheres (LERMA), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-CY Cergy Paris Université (CY), Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d'Orsay (ISMO), Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Observatorio Astronomico Nacional, Madrid, Instituto de Física Fundamental [Madrid] (IFF), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT), Space Telescope Science Institute (STSci), Physikalisches Institut [Köln], Universität zu Köln = University of Cologne, Meisei University, The University of Tokyo (UTokyo), Leiden Observatory [Leiden], Universiteit Leiden, Johns Hopkins University (JHU), Instituto de Astrofísica e Ciências do Espaço (IASTRO), University of Maryland [College Park], University of Maryland System, NASA Ames Research Center (ARC), Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Météo-France -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Météo-France, Institut de RadioAstronomie Millimétrique (IRAM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Signal et Communications (IRIT-SC), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Toulouse Mind & Brain Institut (TMBI), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Onsala Space Observatory (OSO), Chalmers University of Technology [Göteborg], Delft University of Technology (TU Delft), Universidade Federal de Itajubá, Bay Area Environmental Research Institute (BAER), Australian Synchrotron [Clayton], INAF - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Catania (OACT), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), University of Zagreb, Laboratoire de physique de l'ENS - ENS Paris (LPENS), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Département de Physique de l'ENS-PSL, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), University of Colorado [Boulder], Institute for Molecules and Materials [Nijmegen], Radboud University [Nijmegen], Wellesley College, Laboratoire de Physique des 2 Infinis Irène Joliot-Curie (IJCLab), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Physique de Rennes (IPR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of British Columbia (UBC), National Radio Astronomy Observatory [Charlottesville] (NRAO), National Radio Astronomy Observatory (NRAO), European Space Astronomy Centre (ESAC), Agence Spatiale Européenne = European Space Agency (ESA), Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics (CfA), Harvard University-Smithsonian Institution, Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (M.E.N.E.S.R.), Rice University [Houston], Yunnan Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences [Changchun Branch] (CAS), Universidad de Chile = University of Chile [Santiago] (UCHILE), University of Virginia, Aarhus University [Aarhus], Friedrich-Schiller-Universität = Friedrich Schiller University Jena [Jena, Germany], Instituto de Astronomia, Geofísica e Ciências Atmosféricas [São Paulo] (IAG), Universidade de São Paulo = University of São Paulo (USP), San Jose State University [San Jose] (SJSU), European Southern Observatory (ESO), Academia Sinica Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics (ASIAA), Academia Sinica, Institute of Astronomy of the Russian Academy of Sciences (INASAN), Russian Academy of Sciences [Moscow] (RAS), UK Astronomy Technology Centre (UK ATC), Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC), Telespazio, Services par satellites, Infrared Processing and Analysis Center (IPAC), California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), University of Missouri [Columbia] (Mizzou), University of Missouri System, Max Planck Institute for Astronomy (MPIA), CAS Key Laboratory of Crust–Mantle Materials and Environments [Hefei], School of Earth and Space Sciences [Hefei], University of Science and Technology of China [Hefei] (USTC)-University of Science and Technology of China [Hefei] (USTC)-Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory [Berkeley] (LBNL), University of California [Berkeley] (UC Berkeley), University of California (UC), Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR_7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Institut des Sciences Moléculaires (ISM), Université Montesquieu - Bordeaux 4-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-École Nationale Supérieure de Chimie et de Physique de Bordeaux (ENSCPB)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (ICMM), Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki, Steward Observatory, University of Arizona, INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Cagliari (OAC), United Arab Emirates University (UAEU), National Astronomical Observatory of Japan (NAOJ), Banaras Hindu University [Varanasi] (BHU), University of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (UvA), Laboratoire de Chimie et Physique Quantiques Laboratoire (LCPQ), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Fédération de recherche « Matière et interactions » (FeRMI), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul [Porto Alegre] (UFRGS), University of California [San Diego] (UC San Diego), University of Nottingham, UK (UON), Ohio State University [Columbus] (OSU), Space Science Institute [Boulder] (SSI), Stockholm University, Texas State University, Ritter Astrophysical Research Center, University of Toledo, National Sun Yat-Sen University (NSYSU), Star and Planet Formation Laboratory, ITA, USA, GBR, FRA, DEU, ESP, AUS, BEL, BRA, CHL, TWN, HRV, DNK, JPN, IND, NLD, PRT, CHN, RUS, SWE, National Aeronautics and Space Administration (US), University of Maryland, University of Michigan, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (France), Centre National D'Etudes Spatiales (France), Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), German Research Foundation, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, San José State University Research Foundation, Berné, Olivier, Habart, Émilie, Peeters, Els, Abergel, Alain, Bergin, Edwin A., Bernard-Salas, Jeronimo, Bron, Emeric, Cami, Jan, Dartois, Emmanuel, Fuente, Asunción, Goicoechea, Javier R., Gordon, Karl D., Okada, Yoko, Onaka, Takashi, Robberto, Massimo, Röllig, Markus, Tielens, Alexander G.G.M., Vicente, Sílvia, Wolfire, Mark G., Alarcón, Felipe, Boersma, C., Canin, Amélie, Chown, Ryan, Dicken, Daniel, Le Gal, Romane, Pound, Marc W., Trahin, Boris, Sidhu, Ameek, Van De Putte, Dries, Cuadrado, Sara, Guilloteau, Claire, Maragkoudakis, Alexandros, Schefter, Bethany R., Schirmer, Thiébaut, Aleman, Isabel, Allamandola, Louis, Auchettl, Rebecca, Antonio Baratta, Giuseppe, Bejaoui, Salma, Bera, Partha P., Bilalbegović, Goranka, Black, John H., Boulanger, Francois, Bouwman, Jordy, Brandl, Bernhard, Brünken, Sandra, Burkhardt, Andrew, Candian, Alessandra, Cernicharo, José, Chakraborty, Shubhadip, Champion, Jason, Colgan, Sean W.J., Cooke, Ilsa R., Coutens, Audrey, Cox, Nick L.J., Demyk, Karine, Donovan Meyer, Jennifer, Engrand, Cécile, Foschino, Sacha, Gavilan, Lisseth, Gerin, Maryvonne, Godard, Marie, Gottlieb, Carl A., Guillard, Pierre, Gusdorf, Antoine, Hartigan, Patrick, He, Jinhua, Herbst, Eric, Hornekaer, Liv, Janot-Pacheco, Eduardo, Joblin, Christine, Kaufman, Michael, Kemper, Francisca, Kendrew, Sarah, Kirsanova, Maria S., Klaassen, Pamela, Knight, Collin, Kwok, Sun, Labiano, Álvaro, Lai, Thomas S.Y., Lee, Timothy J., Lefloch, Bertrand, Le Petit, Franck, Li, Aigen, Linz, Hendrik, MacKie, Cameron J., Madden, Suzanne C., Mascetti, Joëlle, McGuire, Brett A., Merino, Pablo, Micelotta, Elisabetta R., Morse, Jon A., Molecular Spectroscopy (HIMS, FNWI), and HIMS (FNWI)

Subjects
Gaseous Nebulae, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, FELIX Infrared and Terahertz Spectroscopy, Star Forming Regions, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Infrared Telescopes, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, [INFO]Computer Science [cs], Photodissociation Regions, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], James Webb Space Telescope (JWST), Photo-Dissociation Regions (PDRs), Massive stars, Orion Bar, MIRI, NIRSpec, NIRCam, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract

22 pags., 8 figs., 1 tab., Massive stars disrupt their natal molecular cloud material through radiative and mechanical feedback processes. These processes have profound effects on the evolution of interstellar matter in our Galaxy and throughout the universe, from the era of vigorous star formation at redshifts of 1-3 to the present day. The dominant feedback processes can be probed by observations of the Photo-Dissociation Regions (PDRs) where the far-ultraviolet photons of massive stars create warm regions of gas and dust in the neutral atomic and molecular gas. PDR emission provides a unique tool to study in detail the physical and chemical processes that are relevant for most of the mass in inter-and circumstellar media including diffuse clouds, proto-planetary disks, and molecular cloud surfaces, globules, planetary nebulae, and star-forming regions. PDR emission dominates the infrared (IR) spectra of star-forming galaxies. Most of the Galactic and extragalactic observations obtained with the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) will therefore arise in PDR emission. In this paper we present an Early Release Science program using the MIRI, NIRSpec, and NIRCam instruments dedicated to the observations of an emblematic and nearby PDR: the Orion Bar. These early JWST observations will provide template data sets designed to identify key PDR characteristics in JWST observations. These data will serve to benchmark PDR models and extend them into the JWST era. We also present the Science-Enabling products that we will provide to the community. These template data sets and Science-Enabling products will guide the preparation of future proposals on star-forming regions in our Galaxy and beyond and will facilitate data analysis and interpretation of forthcoming JWST observations., Support for JWST-ERS program ID 1288 was provided through grants from the STScI under NASA contract NAS5-03127 to STScI (K.G., D.V.D.P., M.R.), Univ. of Maryland (M.W., M.P.), Univ. of Michigan (E.B., F.A.), and Univ. of Toledo (T.S.-Y.L.). O.B. and E.H. are supported by the Programme National “Physique et Chimie du Milieu Interstellaire” (PCMI) of CNRS/INSU with INC/INP co-funded by CEA and CNES, and through APR grants 6315 and 6410 provided by CNES. E. P. and J.C. acknowledge support from the National Science and Engineering Council of Canada (NSERC) Discovery Grant program (RGPIN-2020-06434 and RGPIN-2021-04197 respectively). E.P. acknowledges support from a Western Strategic Support Accelerator Grant (ROLA ID 0000050636). J.R.G. and S.C. thank the Spanish MCINN for funding support under grant PID2019-106110GB-I00. Work by M.R. and Y.O. is carried out within the Collaborative Research Centre 956, subproject C1, funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG)—project ID 184018867. T.O. acknowledges support from JSPS Bilateral Program, grant No. 120219939. M.P. and M.W. acknowledge support from NASA Astrophysics Data Analysis Program award #80NSSC19K0573. C.B. is grateful for an appointment at NASA Ames Research Center through the San José State University Research Foundation (NNX17AJ88A) and acknowledges support from the Internal Scientist Funding Model (ISFM) Directed Work Package at NASA Ames titled: “Laboratory Astrophysics—The NASA Ames PAH IR Spectroscopic Database.”

Published
2022

44. A heat-wave of accretion energy traced by masers in the G358-MM1 high-mass protostar

Author

M. Olech, B. Stecklum, A. M. Sobolev, Ross A. Burns, Todd R. Hunter, James O. Chibueze, Willem A. Baan, B. Kramer, Gabor Orosz, G. C. MacLeod, G. Surcis, S. P. van den Heever, Yoshinori Yonekura, Tomoya Hirota, Lucas J. Hyland, Crystal L. Brogan, H. Linz, Chris Phillips, Kee-Tae Kim, J. Eislöffel, Simon Ellingsen, A. Caratti o Garatti, Koichiro Sugiyama, ITA, USA, DEU, AUS, CAN, KOR, JPN, IRL, NGA, NLD, POL, CHN, ZAF, RUS, THA, and 29697492 - Chibueze, James Okwe

Subjects
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Radiation, 01 natural sciences, Stellar evolution, law.invention, Interstellar medium, law, 0103 physical sciences, Very-long-baseline interferometry, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Protostar, Maser, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR), 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Physics, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Accretion (astrophysics), Stars, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Thermal radiation, Astronomy and astrophysics, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Event (particle physics)
Abstract

High-mass stars are thought to accumulate much of their mass via short, infrequent bursts of disk-aided accretion. Such accretion events are rare and difficult to observe directly but are known to drive enhanced maser emission. In this Letter we report high-resolution, multi-epoch methanol maser observations toward G358.93-0.03 which reveal an interesting phenomenon; the sub-luminal propagation of a thermal radiation "heat-wave" emanating from an accreting high-mass proto-star. The extreme transformation of the maser emission implies a sudden intensification of thermal infrared radiation from within the inner (40 mas, 270 au) region. Subsequently, methanol masers trace the radial passage of thermal radiation through the environment at $\geq$ 4-8\% the speed of light. Such a high translocation rate contrasts with the $\leq$ 10 km s$^{-1}$ physical gas motions of methanol masers typically observed using very long baseline interferometry (VLBI). The observed scenario can readily be attributed to an accretion event in the high-mass proto-star G358.93-0.03-MM1. While being the third case in its class, G358.93-0.03-MM1 exhibits unique attributes hinting at a possible `zoo' of accretion burst types. These results promote the advantages of maser observations in understanding high-mass star formation, both through single-dish maser monitoring campaigns and via their international cooperation as VLBI arrays., Comment: Published in Nature Astronomy in 2020

Published
2023
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45. An Ice Age JWST inventory of dense molecular cloud ices

Author

M. K. McClure, W. R. M. Rocha, K. M. Pontoppidan, N. Crouzet, L. E. U. Chu, E. Dartois, T. Lamberts, J. A. Noble, Y. J. Pendleton, G. Perotti, D. Qasim, M. G. Rachid, Z. L. Smith, Fengwu Sun, Tracy L. Beck, A. C. A. Boogert, W. A. Brown, P. Caselli, S. B. Charnley, Herma M. Cuppen, H. Dickinson, M. N. Drozdovskaya, E. Egami, J. Erkal, H. Fraser, R. T. Garrod, D. Harsono, S. Ioppolo, I. Jiménez-Serra, M. Jin, J. K. Jørgensen, L. E. Kristensen, D. C. Lis, M. R. S. McCoustra, Brett A. McGuire, G. J. Melnick, Karin I. Öberg, M. E. Palumbo, T. Shimonishi, J. A. Sturm, E. F. van Dishoeck, H. Linnartz, ITA, USA, GBR, FRA, DEU, JPN, and NLD

Subjects
Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP), Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, 530 Physics, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), 520 Astronomy, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, 500 Science, Theoretical Chemistry, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR), Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract

Icy grain mantles are the main reservoir of the volatile elements that link chemical processes in dark, interstellar clouds with the formation of planets and composition of their atmospheres. The initial ice composition is set in the cold, dense parts of molecular clouds, prior to the onset of star formation. With the exquisite sensitivity of JWST, this critical stage of ice evolution is now accessible for detailed study. Here we show the first results of the Early Release Science program "Ice Age" that reveal the rich composition of these dense cloud ices. Weak ices, including, $^{13}$CO$_2$, OCN$^-$, $^{13}$CO, OCS, and COMs functional groups are now detected along two pre-stellar lines of sight. The $^{12}$CO$_2$ ice profile indicates modest growth of the icy grains. Column densities of the major and minor ice species indicate that ices contribute between 2 and 19% of the bulk budgets of the key C, O, N, and S elements. Our results suggest that the formation of simple and complex molecules could begin early in a water-ice rich environment., Comment: To appear in Nature Astronomy on January 23rd, 2023. 33 pages, 16 figures, 3 tables; includes extended and supplemental data sections. Part of the JWST Ice Age Early Release Science program's science enabling products. Enhanced spectra downloadable on Zenodo at the following DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7501239

Published
2023

46. The Colletotrichum higginsianum secreted effector protein ChEC91 induces plant cell death

Author

Jochen Kleemann, Kenji Ogura, Natsuki Omura, Shota Nakajima, Hiroyuki Takahara, Sho Yamaguchi, Satomi Tanaka, Richard J. O'Connell, Kasumi Otoku, ISHIKAWA PREFECTURAL UNIVERSITY JPN, Partenaires IRSTEA, Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), Max Planck Inst Plant Breeding Res, Dept Plant Breeding & Genet, Cologne, Germany, Partenaires INRAE, BIOlogie et GEstion des Risques en agriculture (BIOGER), AgroParisTech-Université Paris-Saclay-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Japan (MEXT)Japan Society for the Promotion of ScienceGrants-in-Aid for Scientific Research (KAKENHI)JP25850029, and Mitani Foundation for Research and Development

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Protein domain, Mutant, Nicotiana benthamiana, Plant Science, Biology, 01 natural sciences, Microbiology, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Cell death-inducing proteinColletotrichum higginsianumEffectorRecombinant proteinTransient expression, Arabidopsis thaliana, Gene, Colletotrichum higginsianum, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, Effector, fungi, Callose, food and beverages, biology.organism_classification, chemistry, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Agronomy and Crop Science, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

International audience; ChEC91, a novel cell death-inducing effector protein from the fungal pathogen Colletotrichum higginsianum, causal agent of crucifer anthracnose disease, is described. Both transient expression of ChEC91 and infiltration of purified recombinant protein induced necrotic lesions in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves. The recombinant protein also induced electrolyte leakage and callose deposition in Arabidopsis thaliana leaf tissue and the expression of defence marker genes. Moreover, fungal mutants constitutively over-expressing ChEC91 in C. higginsianum were impaired in appressorial penetration on Brassica rapa cotyledons. These results suggest that inappropriate expression of ChEC91 might negatively affect the early stage of C. higginsianum infection by inducing plant defence responses. Protein domain deletion analysis showed that the C-terminal region of ChEC91 was necessary, but not sufficient, for activity in N. benthamiana. Homologous effector proteins cloned from C. gloeosporioides, Fusarium graminearum, and Pyricularia oryzae differed in their cell death-inducing activity, which appeared related to sequence variations in the C-terminal region of these proteins. Moreover, this region contained amino acid residues that were well conserved within Colletotrichum species. These results suggest that the amino acid residues in the C-terminal region may be important for inducing cell death in plants.

Published
2021

47. The evolution of the H2O maser emission in the accretion burst source G358.93-0.03

Author

O. S. Bayandina, C. L. Brogan, R. A. Burns, A. Caratti o Garatti, J. O. Chibueze, S. P. van den Heever, S. E. Kurtz, G. C. MacLeod, L. Moscadelli, A. M. Sobolev, K. Sugiyama, I. E. Val’tts, Y. Yonekura, ITA, USA, GBR, JPN, NGA, NLD, ZAF, and RUS

Subjects
EVOLUTION [STARS], INFRARED DEVICES, INDIVIDUAL: G358.93-0.03 [STARS], Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, MASERS, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, JETS [STARS], INDIVIDUAL: PROXIMA CENTAURI [STARS], EVOLUTION [STAR], VERY LARGE ARRAYS, FORMATION [STARS], MASSIVE [STARS], Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR), Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, INDIVIDUAL: G358.93-0.03 [STAR], STARS FORMATION, Astronomy and Astrophysics, WATER MASERS, YOUNG STELLAR OBJECTS, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, MASER EMISSIONS, STARS
Abstract

Context. The massive young stellar object (MYSO) G358.93-0.03-MM1 showed an extraordinary near-infrared- to (sub-)millimetredark and far-infrared-loud accretion burst, which is closely associated with flares of several class II methanol maser transitions, and, later, a 22 GHz water maser flare. Aims. Water maser flares provide an invaluable insight into ejection events associated with accretion bursts. Although the short timescale of the 22 GHz water maser flare made it impossible to carry out a very long baseline interferometry observation, we could track it with the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array (VLA). Methods. The evolution of the spatial structure of the 22 GHz water masers and their association with the continuum sources in the region is studied with the VLA during two epochs, pre- and post-H2O maser flare. Results. A drastic change in the distribution of the water masers is revealed: in contrast to the four maser groups detected during epoch I, only two newly formed clusters are detected during epoch II. The 22 GHz water masers associated with the bursting source MM1 changed in morphology and emission velocity extent. Conclusions. Clear evidence of the influence of the accretion burst on the ejection from G358.93-0.03-MM1 is presented. The accretion event has also potentially affected a region with a radius of ∼200 (∼13 500AU at 6.75 kpc), suppressing water masers associated with other point sources in this region. © O. S. Bayandina et al. 2022. Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, KAKEN: JP21H00032, JP21H01120, JP24340034; Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, Minobrnauka: 075-15-2020-780; National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, NAOJ Acknowledgements. The Ibaraki 6.7-GHz Methanol Maser Monitor (iMet) program is partially supported by the Inter-university collaborative project “Japanese VLBI Network (JVN)” of NAOJ and JSPS KAKENHI Grant Numbers JP24340034, JP21H01120, and JP21H00032 (YY). The National Radio Astronomy Observatory is a facility of the National Science Foundation operated under cooperative agreement by Associated Universities, Inc. This paper makes use of the following ALMA data: ADS/JAO.ALMA#2019.1.00768.S. ALMA is a partnership of ESO (representing its member states), NSF (USA) and NINS (Japan), together with NRC (Canada), MOST and ASIAA (Taiwan), and KASI (Republic of Korea), in cooperation with the Republic of Chile. The Joint ALMA Observatory is operated by ESO, AUI/NRAO and NAOJ. In addition, publications from NA authors must include the standard NRAO acknowledgement: The National Radio Astronomy Observatory is a facility of the National Science Foundation operated under cooperative agreement by Associated Universities, Inc. A.M.S. acknowledges support by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation under the grant 075-15-2020-780. A.C.G. acknowledges support by PRIN-INAF-MAIN-STREAM 2017 “Protoplanetary disks seen through the eyes of new-generation instruments” and by PRIN-INAF 2019 “Spectroscopically tracing the disk dispersal evolution (STRADE)”.

Published
2022

48. MAXI and NuSTAR Observations of the Faint X-Ray Transient MAXI J1848-015 in the GLIMPSE-C01 Cluster

Author

Sean N. Pike, Hitoshi Negoro, John A. Tomsick, Matteo Bachetti, McKinley Brumback, Riley M. T. Connors, Javier A. García, Brian Grefenstette, Jeremy Hare, Fiona A. Harrison, Amruta Jaodand, R. M. Ludlam, Guglielmo Mastroserio, Tatehiro Mihara, Megumi Shidatsu, Mutsumi Sugizaki, Ryohei Takagi, ITA, USA, and JPN

Subjects
High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract

We present the results of MAXI monitoring and two NuSTAR observations of the recently discovered faint X-ray transient MAXI J1848-015. Analysis of the MAXI light-curve shows that the source underwent a rapid flux increase beginning on 2020 December 20, followed by a rapid decrease in flux after only $\sim5$ days. NuSTAR observations reveal that the source transitioned from a bright soft state with unabsorbed, bolometric ($0.1$-$100$ keV) flux $F=6.9 \pm 0.1 \times 10^{-10}\,\mathrm{erg\,cm^{-2}\,s^{-1}}$, to a low hard state with flux $F=2.85 \pm 0.04 \times 10^{-10}\,\mathrm{erg\,cm^{-2}\,s^{-1}}$. Given a distance of $3.3$ kpc, inferred via association of the source with the GLIMPSE-C01 cluster, these fluxes correspond to an Eddington fraction of order $10^{-3}$ for an accreting neutron star of mass $M=1.4M_\odot$, or even lower for a more massive accretor. However, the source spectra exhibit strong relativistic reflection features, indicating the presence of an accretion disk which extends close to the accretor, for which we measure a high spin, $a=0.967\pm0.013$. In addition to a change in flux and spectral shape, we find evidence for other changes between the soft and hard states, including moderate disk truncation with the inner disk radius increasing from $R_\mathrm{in}\approx3\,R_\mathrm{g}$ to $R_\mathrm{in}\approx8\,R_\mathrm{g}$, narrow Fe emission whose centroid decreases from $6.8\pm0.1$ keV to $6.3 \pm 0.1$ keV, and an increase in low-frequency ($10^{-3}$-$10^{-1}$ Hz) variability. Due to the high spin we conclude that the source is likely to be a black hole rather than a neutron star, and we discuss physical interpretations of the low apparent luminosity as well as the narrow Fe emission., 19 pages, 9 figures, 3 tables. Accepted for publication in ApJ

Published
2022

49. Intercontinental comparison of optical atomic clocks through very long baseline interferometry

Author

Ryuichi Ichikawa, J. Roda, Tetsuya Ido, Masanori Tsutsumi, Federico Perini, Filippo Levi, Giuseppe Maccaferri, Filippo Bregolin, Giampaolo Zacchiroli, Roberto Ricci, Julia Leute, Jun-ichi Komuro, Tetsuro Kondo, Rumi Takahashi, Marco Pizzocaro, Mauro Roma, Monia Negusini, Hideki Ujihara, Eiji Kawai, Nils Nemitz, Davide Calonico, E. Cantoni, Giancarlo Cerretto, Yoshihiro Okamoto, Mamoru Sekido, Gérard Petit, K. Takefuji, Kunitaka Namba, Claudio Bortolotti, Piero Barbieri, Cecilia Clivati, Alberto Mura, H. Hachisu, ITA, FRA, and JPN

Subjects
Physics, business.industry, General Physics and Astronomy, 01 natural sciences, Atomic clock, 010305 fluids & plasmas, 0103 physical sciences, Very-long-baseline interferometry, Fundamental physics, Broadband, Global Positioning System, Satellite, 010306 general physics, business, Optical metrology, Remote sensing, Radio astronomy
Abstract

The comparison of distant atomic clocks is foundational to international timekeeping, global positioning and tests of fundamental physics. Optical-fibre links allow the most precise optical clocks to be compared, without degradation, over intracontinental distances up to thousands of kilometres, but intercontinental comparisons remain limited by the performance of satellite transfer techniques. Here we show that very long baseline interferometry (VLBI), although originally developed for radio astronomy and geodesy, can overcome this limit and compare remote clocks through the observation of extragalactic radio sources. We developed dedicated transportable VLBI stations that use broadband detection and demonstrate the comparison of two optical clocks located in Italy and Japan separated by 9,000 km. This system demonstrates performance beyond satellite techniques and can pave the way for future long-term stable international clock comparisons. Very long baseline interferometry is used to compare two optical clocks located in Japan and Italy through the observation of extragalactic radio sources. This approach overcomes limitations of the performance of satellite transfer techniques.

Published
2020

50. Negative and positive feedback from a supernova remnant with SHREC

Author

G Cosentino, I Jiménez-Serra, J C Tan, J D Henshaw, A T Barnes, C-Y Law, S Zeng, F Fontani, P Caselli, S Viti, S Zahorecz, F Rico-Villas, A Megías, M Miceli, S Orlando, S Ustamujic, E Greco, G Peres, F Bocchino, R Fedriani, P Gorai, L Testi, J Martín-Pintado, High Energy Astrophys. & Astropart. Phys (API, FNWI), ITA, USA, GBR, ESP, JPN, NLD, SWE, G Cosentino, I Jim??nez-Serra, J C Tan, J D Henshaw, A T Barne, C-Y Law, S Zeng, F Fontani, P Caselli, S Viti, S Zahorecz, F Rico-Villa, A Meg??a, M Miceli, S Orlando, S Ustamujic, E Greco, G Pere, F Bocchino, R Fedriani, P Gorai, L Testi, and J Mart??n-Pintado

Subjects
ISM: Individual Objects: IC443, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, ISM: Clouds, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Clump G, Settore FIS/05 - Astronomia E Astrofisica, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, ISM: Kinematics and Dynamics, ISM: Supernova Remnants, Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR), ISM: clouds, ISM: individual objects: IC443, clump G, ISM: kinematics and dynamics, ISM: supernova remnants, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract

Supernova remnants (SNRs) contribute to regulate the star formation efficiency and evolution of galaxies. As they expand into the interstellar medium (ISM), they transfer vast amounts of energy and momentum that displace, compress and heat the surrounding material. Despite the extensive work in galaxy evolution models, it remains to be observationally validated to what extent the molecular ISM is affected by the interaction with SNRs. We use the first results of the ESO-ARO Public Spectroscopic Survey SHREC, to investigate the shock interaction between the SNR IC443 and the nearby molecular clump G. We use high sensitivity SiO(2-1) and H$^{13}$CO$^+$(1-0) maps obtained by SHREC together with SiO(1-0) observations obtained with the 40m telescope at the Yebes Observatory. We find that the bulk of the SiO emission is arising from the ongoing shock interaction between IC443 and clump G. The shocked gas shows a well ordered kinematic structure, with velocities blue-shifted with respect to the central velocity of the SNR, similar to what observed toward other SNR-cloud interaction sites. The shock compression enhances the molecular gas density, n(H$_2$), up to $>$10$^5$ cm$^{-3}$, a factor of >10 higher than the ambient gas density and similar to values required to ignite star formation. Finally, we estimate that up to 50\% of the momentum injected by IC443 is transferred to the interacting molecular material. Therefore the molecular ISM may represent an important momentum carrier in sites of SNR-cloud interactions., Accepted for Publication in MNRAS; 11 pages, 7 figures

Published
2022

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