6 results on '"G. Depuydt"'
Search Results
2. Changes of Protein Turnover in Aging Caenorhabditis elegans .
- Author
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Dhondt I, Petyuk VA, Bauer S, Brewer HM, Smith RD, Depuydt G, and Braeckman BP
- Subjects
- Animals, Energy Metabolism, Half-Life, Muscles metabolism, Pharynx metabolism, Proteostasis, Time Factors, Aging metabolism, Caenorhabditis elegans metabolism, Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins metabolism
- Abstract
Protein turnover rates severely decline in aging organisms, including C. elegans However, limited information is available on turnover dynamics at the individual protein level during aging. We followed changes in protein turnover at one-day resolution using a multiple-pulse
15 N-labeling and accurate mass spectrometry approach. Forty percent of the proteome shows gradual slowdown in turnover with age, whereas only few proteins show increased turnover. Decrease in protein turnover was consistent for only a minority of functionally related protein subsets, including tubulins and vitellogenins, whereas randomly diverging turnover patterns with age were the norm. Our data suggests increased heterogeneity of protein turnover of the translation machinery, whereas protein turnover of ubiquitin-proteasome and antioxidant systems are well-preserved over time. Hence, we presume that maintenance of quality control mechanisms is a protective strategy in aging worms, although the ultimate proteome collapse is inescapable., (© 2017 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.)- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
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3. Evolutionarily conserved TRH neuropeptide pathway regulates growth in Caenorhabditis elegans .
- Author
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Van Sinay E, Mirabeau O, Depuydt G, Van Hiel MB, Peymen K, Watteyne J, Zels S, Schoofs L, and Beets I
- Subjects
- Amino Acid Sequence, Animals, Body Size, CRISPR-Cas Systems, Caenorhabditis elegans metabolism, Conserved Sequence, Diet, Evolution, Molecular, Gastrointestinal Motility, RNA Interference, Receptors, Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone metabolism, Transforming Growth Factor beta metabolism, Caenorhabditis elegans growth & development, Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone metabolism
- Abstract
In vertebrates thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) is a highly conserved neuropeptide that exerts the hormonal control of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels as well as neuromodulatory functions. However, a functional equivalent in protostomian animals remains unknown, although TRH receptors are conserved in proto- and deuterostomians. Here we identify a TRH-like neuropeptide precursor in Caenorhabditis elegans that belongs to a bilaterian family of TRH precursors. Using CRISPR/Cas9 and RNAi reverse genetics, we show that TRH-like neuropeptides, through the activation of their receptor TRHR-1, promote growth in C elegans TRH-like peptides from pharyngeal motor neurons are required for normal body size, and knockdown of their receptor in pharyngeal muscle cells reduces growth. Mutants deficient for TRH signaling have no defects in pharyngeal pumping or isthmus peristalsis rates, but their growth defect depends on the bacterial diet. In addition to the decrease in growth, trh-1 mutants have a reduced number of offspring. Our study suggests that TRH is an evolutionarily ancient neuropeptide, having its origin before the divergence of protostomes and deuterostomes, and may ancestrally have been involved in the control of postembryonic growth and reproduction., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest.
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Increased Protein Stability and Decreased Protein Turnover in the Caenorhabditis elegans Ins/IGF-1 daf-2 Mutant.
- Author
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Depuydt G, Shanmugam N, Rasulova M, Dhondt I, and Braeckman BP
- Subjects
- Amino Acids metabolism, Animals, Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid, Glutathione metabolism, Mutation genetics, Phenotype, Trehalose metabolism, Caenorhabditis elegans genetics, Caenorhabditis elegans metabolism, Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins genetics, Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins metabolism, Longevity genetics, Protein Stability
- Abstract
In Caenorhabditis elegans, cellular proteostasis is likely essential for longevity. Autophagy has been shown to be essential for lifespan extension of daf-2 insulin/IGF mutants. Therefore, it can be hypothesized that daf-2 mutants achieve this phenotype by increasing protein turnover. However, such a mechanism would exert a substantial energy cost. By using classical
35 S pulse-chase labeling, we observed that protein synthesis and degradation rates are decreased in young adults of the daf-2 insulin/IGF mutants. Although reduction of protein turnover may be energetically favorable, it may lead to accumulation and aggregation of damaged proteins. As this has been shown not to be the case in daf-2 mutants, another mechanism must exist to maintain proteostasis in this strain. We observed that proteins isolated from daf-2 mutants are more soluble in acidic conditions due to increased levels of trehalose. This suggests that trehalose may decrease the potential for protein aggregation and increases proteostasis in the daf-2 mutants. We postulate that daf-2 mutants save energy by decreasing protein turnover rates and instead stabilize their proteome by trehalose., (© The Author 2016. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Gerontological Society of America.)- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. FOXO/DAF-16 Activation Slows Down Turnover of the Majority of Proteins in C. elegans.
- Author
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Dhondt I, Petyuk VA, Cai H, Vandemeulebroucke L, Vierstraete A, Smith RD, Depuydt G, and Braeckman BP
- Subjects
- Animals, Cytoskeletal Proteins metabolism, Half-Life, Intracellular Membranes metabolism, Isotope Labeling, Lysosomes metabolism, Mitochondria metabolism, Muscle Proteins metabolism, Protein Biosynthesis, Proteomics, Reproducibility of Results, Stress, Physiological, Subcellular Fractions metabolism, Caenorhabditis elegans metabolism, Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins metabolism, Forkhead Transcription Factors metabolism
- Abstract
Most aging hypotheses assume the accumulation of damage, resulting in gradual physiological decline and, ultimately, death. Avoiding protein damage accumulation by enhanced turnover should slow down the aging process and extend the lifespan. However, lowering translational efficiency extends rather than shortens the lifespan in C. elegans. We studied turnover of individual proteins in the long-lived daf-2 mutant by combining SILeNCe (stable isotope labeling by nitrogen in Caenorhabditiselegans) and mass spectrometry. Intriguingly, the majority of proteins displayed prolonged half-lives in daf-2, whereas others remained unchanged, signifying that longevity is not supported by high protein turnover. This slowdown was most prominent for translation-related and mitochondrial proteins. In contrast, the high turnover of lysosomal hydrolases and very low turnover of cytoskeletal proteins remained largely unchanged. The slowdown of protein dynamics and decreased abundance of the translational machinery may point to the importance of anabolic attenuation in lifespan extension, as suggested by the hyperfunction theory., (Copyright © 2016 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Epigenetics and locust life phase transitions.
- Author
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Ernst UR, Van Hiel MB, Depuydt G, Boerjan B, De Loof A, and Schoofs L
- Subjects
- Animals, Behavior, Animal, Genomics, Models, Biological, Epigenesis, Genetic, Grasshoppers genetics, Grasshoppers growth & development, Life Cycle Stages genetics
- Abstract
Insects are one of the most successful classes on Earth, reflected in an enormous species richness and diversity. Arguably, this success is partly due to the high degree to which polyphenism, where one genotype gives rise to more than one phenotype, is exploited by many of its species. In social insects, for instance, larval diet influences the development into distinct castes; and locust polyphenism has tricked researchers for years into believing that the drastically different solitarious and gregarious phases might be different species. Solitarious locusts behave much as common grasshoppers. However, they are notorious for forming vast, devastating swarms upon crowding. These gregarious animals are shorter lived, less fecund and transmit their phase characteristics to their offspring. The behavioural gregarisation occurs within hours, yet the full display of gregarious characters takes several generations, as does the reversal to the solitarious phase. Hormones, neuropeptides and neurotransmitters influence some of the phase traits; however, none of the suggested mechanisms can account for all the observed differences, notably imprinting effects on longevity and fecundity. This is why, more recently, epigenetics has caught the interest of the polyphenism field. Accumulating evidence points towards a role for epigenetic regulation in locust phase polyphenism. This is corroborated in the economically important locust species Locusta migratoria and Schistocerca gregaria. Here, we review the key elements involved in phase transition in locusts and possible epigenetic regulation. We discuss the relative role of DNA methylation, histone modification and small RNA molecules, and suggest future research directions., (© 2015. Published by The Company of Biologists Ltd.)
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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