19 results on '"F, Staerman"'
Search Results
2. The utility of micro-ultrasound in patients under active surveillance for low-risk prostate cancer: A PRIAS study extension
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D. Maffei, F. Staerman, M. Paciotti, P. Colombo, G.M. Elefante, L. Domanico, F. Regis, G. Bevilacqua, V. Fasulo, M. Lazzeri, R. Hurle, A.R. Saita, P. Casale, N.M. Buffi, G.F. Guazzoni, and G. Lughezzani
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Diseases of the genitourinary system. Urology ,RC870-923 ,Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,RC254-282 - Published
- 2020
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3. The utility of micro-ultrasound in patients under active surveillance for low-risk prostate cancer: A PRIAS study extension
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Massimo Lazzeri, P. Colombo, Giorgio Guazzoni, Marco Paciotti, L. Domanico, Alberto Saita, Vittorio Fasulo, F. Staerman, Federica Regis, Paolo Casale, Giovanni Lughezzani, G. Bevilacqua, N. Buffi, Rodolfo Hurle, Davide Maffei, and Grazia Maria Elefante
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medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Urology ,medicine.disease ,lcsh:Diseases of the genitourinary system. Urology ,lcsh:RC870-923 ,lcsh:Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,lcsh:RC254-282 ,Prostate cancer ,Medicine ,In patient ,Radiology ,business ,Micro ultrasound - Published
- 2020
4. [Recommendations of the Committee of Andrology and Sexual Medicine of the AFU concerning the management of andrological and sexual medicine pathologies during the COVID-19 crisis]
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E. Huyghe, J.P. Graziana, C. Methorst, N. Morel Journel, J.E. Terrier, F. Marcelli, F.X. Madec, R. Yiou, W. Akakpo, V. Hupertan, D. Carnicelli, S. Beley, L. Ferretti, A. Faix, C. Burte, D. Chevallier, B. Delaunay, S. Droupy, R. El Osta, X. Game, P. Gayrel, F. Giuliano, V. Izard, R. Mallet, A. Ruffion, A. Salin, L. Savareux, and F. Staerman
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Male ,Urologic Surgical Procedures, Male ,Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,Vacuum ,Urology ,Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) ,Vasodilator Agents ,Penile Induration ,030232 urology & nephrology ,Context (language use) ,Penile Implantation ,Article ,Consensus method ,Injections ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Time frame ,Quality of life (healthcare) ,Erectile Dysfunction ,Traction ,Sexual medicine ,Health care ,medicine ,Humans ,Collagenases ,Pandemics ,business.industry ,COVID-19 ,Phosphodiesterase 5 Inhibitors ,medicine.disease ,Combined Modality Therapy ,Verapamil ,Medical emergency ,business - Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To assist urologists in the management of andrological and sexual medicine pathologies during the COVID-19 crisis. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Use of the formalized consensus method. RESULTS: The medical and surgical management of patients in andrology and sexual medicine must be adapted. Consultations should, as far as possible, be carried out by tele-consultation. For operative procedures, the delay between the operative decision and the date of (re)scheduling of the procedure will depend on: (1) the level of criticality of the clinical situation; (2) the type of intervention; (3) the functional and psychological repercussions, including quality of life while waiting for the procedure; (4) the notion of losing the chance of having an optimal outcome; (5) the risk of potential complications from delaying a procedure for too long; and (6) taking into account the patient's risk factors for severe forms of COVID-19. The protection of urologists from COVID-19 should be considered. Each urologist must make the best decision for the patient, taking into account the acceptable time frame and quality of life impact before surgical management, the COVID risk parameters, the technical and anesthetic feasibility and the structural possibility of the health care institution to ensure a specific dedicated pathway during the COVID-19 health crisis. CONCLUSION: The management of andrological and sexual medicine pathologies must be adapted to the COVID-19 crisis context. Some patients may require surgery, including in emergency. These recommendations are transitional and will end with the COVID-19 crisis.
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- 2020
5. Upfront MRI is the new standard, have confirmatory biopsies become obsolete?
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H.B. Luiting, S. Remmers, E.R. Boevé, C.H. Bangma, R. Valdagni, P.K. Chiu, A. Semjonow, V. Berge, K.H. Tully, A.S. Rannikko, F. Staerman, and M.J. Roobol
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Urology - Published
- 2021
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6. Comparaison des performances de la micro-échographie 29 MHz à l’imagerie par résonance magnétique multiparamétrique pour la détection des cancers de prostate cliniquement significatifs
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D. Robin and F. Staerman
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Gynecology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Urology ,medicine ,business - Abstract
Objectifs L’IRM est l’examen d’imagerie de reference actuelle pour la recherche des cancers de prostate cliniquement significatifs (CPcs). La micro-echographie (MUS) est une nouvelle technologie qui a la capacite d’identifier des lesions suspectes. L’objectif principal de notre etude est de comparer les performances de l’IRM et de la MUS pour la detection des CPcs. Methodes De novembre 2017 a decembre 2020, 314 hommes ont beneficie des biopsies de prostate a l’aide du micro-echographe ExactVu 29 MHz pour suspicion de cancer de prostate localise dans un seul centre. La suspicion de cancer etait basee sur une elevation du PSA et/ou un toucher rectal anormal et/ou une IRM suspecte. Tous les patients ont eu une MUS pre-biopsie. Le Prostate Risk Identification using MUS (PRI-MUS) a ete utilise pour classer les cibles. Des biopsies ciblees (basees sur la MUS et l’IRM) et des biopsies systematiques ont ete effectuees. Les cibles etaient definies par des images PIRADS ≥ 3 or PRI-MUS ≥ 3. Resultats Les performances de la MUS et l’IRMmp pour la detection des CPcs etaient respectivement pour la sensibilite 90,7 % contre 80,7 %, pour la valeur predictive negative 87 % contre 76,7 %, pour la specificite de 29,3 % contre 27,9 %, et pour la valeur predictive positive de 37,7 % contre 32,9 %. Concernant les discordances 14 patients (4,1 %) avec une IRM negative et une MUS positive qui avaient du CPcs. Six patients (1,7 %) avec MUS normale et IRMmp suspectes avaient du CPcs. Seulement 3 patients avaient une IRM negative et une MUS negative avaient du CPcs. Conclusion La micro-echographie 29 MHz possede une meilleure sensibilite et specificite compare a l’IRM pour la detection des cancers de prostate cliniquement significatifs. La MUS donne des informations supplementaires et ameliore la detection des CPcs.
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- 2021
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7. Comparison of the accuracy of 29 MHz micro-ultrasound versus multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging for the diagnosis of clinically significant prostate cancer
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F. Taha, D. Robin, B. Branchu, S. Larré, C. Joncour, and F. Staerman
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Prostate cancer ,business.industry ,Urology ,medicine ,Nuclear medicine ,business ,medicine.disease ,Micro ultrasound ,Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging - Published
- 2021
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8. Apport de la micro-échographie haute résolution dans la détection de l’extension extra-prostatique
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F. Staerman
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Gynecology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Urology ,medicine ,business - Abstract
Objectifs La micro-echographie haute resolution est une nouvelle technique ultrasonore 29 MHz pour les biopsies de prostate ciblees en temps reel. La resolution micro-echographique de 70 microns permet de visualiser les caracteristiques tissulaires. Il a ete demontre que la micro-echographie avait une sensibilite superieure a l’echographie conventionnelle pour la detection du cancer de la prostate. Methodes Les images de 16 patients ayant subi une prostatectomie radicale apres une biopsie de prostate guidee par micro-echographie (ExactVu, Exact Imaging Markham, Canada) ont ete utilisees. Les images micro-echographiques de tous les sujets ont ete evaluees pour predire l’extension extra-prostatique a l’aide de l’image caracteristique en halo anterieur/apical et/ou de retrecissement ou interruptions de la capsule posterieure. Les comptes rendus anatomopathologiques des prostatectomies radicales ont ete utilises comme references. Resultats Les comptes rendus anatomopathologiques des pieces de prostatectomies radicales rapportaient une extension extra-prostatique dans 15/32 lobes de prostate chez 11/16 patients. La sensibilite globale pour la detection de l’extension extra-prostatique etait de 91 % (10/11 patients) avec des valeurs predictives positive et negative de 91 % (10/11) et 80 % (4/5 patients) respectivement. En analysant chaque lobe prostatique de facon independante, la sensibilite etait de 87 % (13/15 lobes) et les valeurs predictives positive et negative de 87 % (13/15) et 88 % (15/17). Conclusion La micro-echographie 29 MHz apparait comme un bon outil predictif de l’extension extra-prostatique en anterieur comme en posterieur. L’extension extra-prostatique est caracterisee en micro-echographie par un halo epais ou irregulier le long de la capsule apicale et/ou anterieure, caracteristique n’ayant pas ete decrite auparavant en echographie conventionnelle. L’analyse d’une base de donnees plus importante permettra de corroborer ces resultats.
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- 2019
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9. Quelle rééducation érectile après prostatectomie totale ?
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F. Staerman
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Gynecology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Urology ,Medicine ,Penile rehabilitation ,business - Abstract
Resume Introduction La reeducation erectile apres prostatectomie totale est definie comme l’utilisation de tout traitement pharmacologique ou mecanique permettant d’ameliorer le retour d’erections spontanees apres prostatectomie totale. Les donnees experimentales suggerent l’interet des phosphodiesterases 5 (IPDE5) dans cette indication pour maintenir l’oxygenation tissulaire. Proposee par 54 a 87 % des urologues en postoperatoire, l’interet clinique de la reeducation erectile est cependant discute. Methodes Une revue critique de la litterature entre janvier 2000 et mars 2014 concernant les principales etudes publiees sur l’utilisation des IPDE5, des injections intracaverneuses de prostaglandine E1 (IIC) et de l’erecteur a depression dans cette indication est proposee. Resultats Les resultats cliniques issus de 3 etudes prospectives randomisees sont contradictoires pour les IPDE5. Elles n’ont pas montre d’effet a long terme de la prise quotidienne ou a la demande en comparaison du placebo a l’issue de la periode de traitement. Des criteres de selection de patients pouvant beneficier de cette approche apparaissent mais restent a confirmer. L’utilisation des injections intracaverneuses et de l’erecteur a depression est discutable en l’absence d’etudes solides. La reeducation erectile semble efficace dans la prevention du raccourcissement de verge frequent apres prostatectomie totale. Conclusions Les patients doivent etre informes de ces incertitudes avant de s’engager dans cette prise en charge necessairement longue pour esperer une efficacite. Lorsqu’elle est utilisee, il est conseille de la combiner a d’autres modalites therapeutiques pour l’obtention d’erections permettant les rapports pour entretenir la motivation du couple et reduire la frequence des abandons therapeutiques.
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- 2015
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10. Résultats anatomopathologiques des prostatectomies totales de 2e intention après surveillance active initiale
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F. Staerman, N. Lupsasca, and B. Pogu
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Gynecology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Urology ,Medicine ,business - Abstract
Objectifs La surveillance active (SA) est une recommandation de premiere intention chez les patients ayant un cancer de prostate a faible risque evolutif. Il est demontre qu’il n’y a pas de risque a court terme de resultats anatomopathologiques degrades du fait du delai d’intervention par rapport au diagnostic. Cependant, ce risque n’est pas connu a moyen terme. Methodes Au total, 102 patients (pts) avec un recul theorique d’au moins 5 ans (inclusion jusqu’en 12/2012), issus d’une base observationnelle de 189 pts en sa inclus depuis 2007 pour un cancer de prostate a faible risque initial (criteres prias) font l’objet de cette etude. L’âge median etait de 65,2 ans [48,3–79,7]. Au total, 89,2 % etaient classes t1c et 10,8 % t2a. Un total de 85,76 % ont un recul de suivi > 1 an. Durant celui-ci,27 pts ont eu une prostatectomie totale de 2e intention. Le motif etait: choix personnel (6 pts), recommandation du protocole (12 pts), choix du chirurgien (9 pts). Resultats Les resultats anatomopathologies des pieces de prostatectomie sont classes en favorable (pt2 et score de Gleason 3 + 3) 12 pts (44 %) dont 11 r0, intermediaire (pt2 et score de Gleason 3 + 4) 4 pts (15 %) dont 2 r0, defavorable (≥ pt3 ou score de Gleason ≥ 4 + 3) 11 pts (41 %) dont 3 r0. Concernant le groupe de resultats favorables pouvant potentiellement poursuivre la sa, il s’agissait d’un choix personnel (83 %), du chirurgien (67 %) ou du protocole (25 %). Pour le groupe defavorable, 6 etaient ≥ pt3 (aucun pt3b), 2 avaient un score de Gleason 4 + 3 et 3 un score de Gleason ≥ 4 + 4. Conclusion Parmi les pts ayant eu une prostatectomie de 2e intention, 44 % avaient un resultat favorable permettant theoriquement la poursuite la sa. Il s’agissait souvent d’un choix personnel du patient ou du chirurgien. L’amelioration de l’information au patient et des outils de surveillance (notamment l’IRM) devrait permettre de reduire la part des traitements curatifs sans risque carcinologique supplementaire.
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- 2018
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11. The utility of 29 MHz high resolution micro-ultrasound and mpMRI in the management of Gleason six prostate cancer with active surveillance
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F. Staerman
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Prostate cancer ,business.industry ,Urology ,medicine ,High resolution ,Radiology ,medicine.disease ,business ,Micro ultrasound - Published
- 2019
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12. Can high resolution micro-ultrasound detect extra-prostatic extension?
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F. Staerman
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business.industry ,Urology ,High resolution ,Medicine ,Extension (predicate logic) ,business ,Micro ultrasound ,Biomedical engineering - Published
- 2019
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13. Can High Resolution Micro-Ultrasound Detect Extra-Prostatic Extension? A New Sonographic Feature
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F. Staerman
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Feature (computer vision) ,business.industry ,Urology ,Medicine ,High resolution ,Computer vision ,Artificial intelligence ,Extension (predicate logic) ,business ,Micro ultrasound - Published
- 2018
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14. Initial Clinical Experience with 29 MHz Micro-Ultrasound for Real-Time Targeted Prostate Biopsies
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F. Staerman
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03 medical and health sciences ,medicine.medical_specialty ,0302 clinical medicine ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,business.industry ,Prostate ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Urology ,030232 urology & nephrology ,Medicine ,Radiology ,business ,Micro ultrasound - Published
- 2018
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15. [Not Available]
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P, Léon, F, Staerman, B, Pogu, and N, Lupsasca
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- 2015
16. A Multivariable Approach Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging to Avoid a Protocol-based Prostate Biopsy in Men on Active Surveillance for Prostate Cancer-Data from the International Multicenter Prospective PRIAS Study.
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Luiting HB, Remmers S, Boevé ER, Valdagni R, Chiu PK, Semjonow A, Berge V, Tully KH, Rannikko AS, Staerman F, and Roobol MJ
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- Male, Humans, Prostate-Specific Antigen, Prospective Studies, Watchful Waiting methods, Neoplasm Grading, Biopsy, Magnetic Resonance Imaging methods, Multicenter Studies as Topic, Prostate diagnostic imaging, Prostate pathology, Prostatic Neoplasms pathology
- Abstract
Background: There is ongoing discussion whether a multivariable approach including magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can safely prevent unnecessary protocol-advised repeat biopsy during active surveillance (AS)., Objective: To determine predictors for grade group (GG) reclassification in patients undergoing an MRI-informed prostate biopsy (MRI-Bx) during AS and to evaluate whether a confirmatory biopsy can be omitted in patients diagnosed with upfront MRI., Design, Setting, and Participants: The Prostate cancer Research International: Active Surveillance (PRIAS) study is a multicenter prospective study of patients on AS (www.prias-project.org). We selected all patients undergoing MRI-Bx (targeted ± systematic biopsy) during AS., Outcome Measurements and Statistical Analysis: A time-dependent Cox regression analysis was used to determine the predictors of GG progression/reclassification in patients undergoing MRI-Bx. A sensitivity analysis and a multivariable logistic regression analysis were also performed., Results and Limitations: A total of 1185 patients underwent 1488 MRI-Bx sessions. The time-dependent Cox regression analysis showed that age (per 10 yr, hazard ratio [HR] 0.84 [95% confidence interval {CI} 0.71-0.99]), MRI outcome (Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System [PIRADS] 3 vs negative HR 2.46 [95% CI 1.56-3.88], PIRADS 4 vs negative HR 3.39 [95% CI 2.28-5.05], and PIRADS 5 vs negative HR 4.95 [95% CI 3.25-7.56]), prostate-specific antigen (PSA) density (per 0.1 ng/ml cm
3 , HR 1.20 [95% CI 1.12-1.30]), and percentage positive cores on the last systematic biopsy (per 10%, HR 1.16 [95% CI 1.10-1.23]) were significant predictors of GG reclassification. Of the patients with negative MRI and a PSA density of <0.15 ng/ml cm3 (n = 315), 3% were reclassified to GG ≥2 and 0.6% to GG ≥3. At the confirmatory biopsy, reclassification to GG ≥2 and ≥3 was observed in 23% and 7% of the patients diagnosed without upfront MRI and in 19% and 6% of the patients diagnosed with upfront MRI, respectively. The multivariable analysis showed no significant difference in upgrading at the confirmatory biopsy between patients diagnosed with or without upfront MRI., Conclusions: Age, MRI outcome, PSA density, and percentage positive cores are significant predictors of reclassification at an MRI-informed biopsy. Patients with negative MRI and a PSA density of <0.15 ng/ml cm3 can safely omit a protocol-based prostate biopsy, whereas in other patients, a multivariable approach is advised. Being diagnosed with upfront MRI appears not to significantly affect reclassification risk; hence, a confirmatory MRI-Bx cannot totally be omitted yet., Patient Summary: A protocol-based prostate biopsy while on active surveillance can be omitted in patients with negative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and prostate-specific antigen density <0.15 ng/ml cm3 . A confirmatory biopsy cannot simply be omitted in all patients diagnosed with upfront MRI., (Copyright © 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2022
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17. What is the effect of MRI with targeted biopsies on the rate of patients discontinuing active surveillance? A reflection of the use of MRI in the PRIAS study.
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Luiting HB, Remmers S, Valdagni R, Boevé ER, Staerman F, Rueb J, Somford DM, Pickles T, Rannikko A, and Roobol MJ
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- Aged, Biomarkers, Tumor blood, Biopsy, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Neoplasm Grading, Neoplasm Staging, Prospective Studies, Prostate-Specific Antigen blood, Registries, Watchful Waiting, Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Prostatic Neoplasms diagnostic imaging, Prostatic Neoplasms pathology
- Abstract
Background: The reduction of overtreatment by active surveillance (AS) is limited in patients with low-risk prostate cancer (PCa) due to high rates of patients switching to radical treatment. MRI improves biopsy accuracy and could therewith affect inclusion in or continuation of AS. We aim to assess the effect of MRI with target biopsies on the total rate of patients discontinuing AS, and in particular discontinuation due to Grade Group (GG) reclassification., Methods: Three subpopulations included in the prospective PRIAS study with GG 1 were studied. Group A consists of patients diagnosed before 2009 without MRI before or during AS. Group B consists of patients diagnosed without MRI, but all patients underwent MRI within 6 months after diagnosis. Group C consists of patients who underwent MRI before diagnosis and during follow-up. We used cumulative incidence curves to estimate the rates of discontinuation., Results: In Group A (n = 500), the cumulative probability of discontinuing AS at 2 years is 27.5%; GG reclassification solely accounted for 6.9% of the discontinuation. In Group B (n = 351) these numbers are 30.9 and 22.8%, and for Group C (n = 435) 24.2 and 13.4%. The three groups were not randomized, however, baseline characteristics are highly comparable., Conclusions: Performing an MRI before starting AS reduces the cumulative probability of discontinuing AS at 2 years. Performing an MRI after already being on AS increases the cumulative probability of discontinuing AS in comparison to not performing an MRI, especially because of an increase in GG reclassification. These results suggest that the use of MRI could lead to more patients being considered unsuitable for AS. Considering the excellent long-term cancer-specific survival of AS before the MRI era, the increased diagnostic accuracy of MRI could potentially lead to more overtreatment if definitions and treatment options of significant PCa are not adapted., (© 2021. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited.)
- Published
- 2021
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18. Comparison of micro-ultrasound and multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging for prostate cancer: A multicenter, prospective analysis.
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Klotz L, Lughezzani G, Maffei D, Sánchez A, Pereira JG, Staerman F, Cash H, Luger F, Lopez L, Sanchez-Salas R, Abouassaly R, Shore ND, Eure G, Paciotti M, Astobieta A, Wiemer L, Hofbauer S, Heckmann R, Gusenleitner A, Kaar J, Mayr C, Loidl W, Rouffilange J, Gaston R, Cathelineau X, and Klein E
- Abstract
Introduction: High-resolution micro-ultrasound has the capability of imaging prostate cancer based on detecting alterations in ductal anatomy, analogous to multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI). This technology has the potential advantages of relatively low cost, simplicity, and accessibility compared to mpMRI. This multicenter, prospective registry aims to compare the sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive value (NPV), and positive predictive value (PPV) of mpMRI with high-resolution micro-ultrasound imaging for the detection of clinically significant prostate cancer., Methods: We included 1040 subjects at 11 sites in seven countries who had prior mpMRI and underwent ExactVu micro-ultrasound-guided biopsy. Biopsies were taken from both mpMRI targets (Prostate Imaging-Reporting and Data System [PI-RADS] >3 and micro-ultrasound targets (Prostate Risk Identification using Micro-ultrasound [PRIMUS] >3). Systematic biopsies (up to 14 cores) were also performed. Various strategies were used for mpMRI target sampling, including cognitive fusion with micro-ultrasound, separate software-fusion systems, and software-fusion using the micro-ultrasound FusionVu system. Clinically significant cancer was those with Gleason grade group ≥2., Results: Overall, 39.5% were positive for clinically significant prostate cancer. Micro-ultrasound and mpMRI sensitivity was 94% vs. 90%, respectively (p=0.03), and NPV was 85% vs. 77%, respectively. Specificities of micro-ultrasound and MRI were both 22%, with similar PPV (44% vs. 43%). This represents the initial experience with the technology at most of the participating sites and, therefore, incorporates a learning curve. Number of cores, diagnostic strategy, blinding to MRI results, and experience varied between sites., Conclusions: In this initial multicenter registry, micro-ultrasound had comparable or higher sensitivity for clinically significant prostate cancer compared to mpMRI, with similar specificity. Micro-ultrasound is a low-cost, single-session option for prostate screening and targeted biopsy. Further larger-scale studies are required for validation of these findings.
- Published
- 2021
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19. Testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) and prostate cancer: An updated systematic review with a focus on previous or active localized prostate cancer.
- Author
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Lenfant L, Leon P, Cancel-Tassin G, Audouin M, Staerman F, Rouprêt M, and Cussenot O
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- Humans, Male, Testosterone therapeutic use, Hormone Replacement Therapy adverse effects, Prostatic Neoplasms chemically induced, Testosterone adverse effects
- Abstract
Often contraindicated because of the theoretical risk of progression based on the dogma of hormone dependent prostate cancer (CaP), testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) is increasingly discussed and proposed for hypogonadal patients with localized CaP. To perform a systematic literature review to determine the relationship between TRT and the risk of CaP with a focus on the impact of TRT in the setting of previous or active localized CaP. As of October 15, 2019, systematic review was performed via Medline Embase and Cochrane databases in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines. All full text articles in English published from January 1994 to February 2018 were included. Articles were considered if they reported about the relationship between total testosterone or bioavailable testosterone and CaP. Emphasis was given to prospective studies, series with observational data and randomized controlled trials. Articles about the safety of the testosterone therapy were categorized by type of CaP management (active surveillance or curative treatment by radical prostatectomy, external radiotherapy or brachytherapy). Until more definitive data becomes available, clinicians wishing to treat their hypogonadal patients with localized CaP with TRT should inform them of the lack of evidence regarding the safety of long-term treatment for the risk of CaP progression. However, in patients without known CaP, the evidence seems sufficient to think that androgen therapy does not increase the risk of subsequent discovery of CaP., (Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2020
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