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Aim: This study aimed to measure the vertical force developed during canal instru - mentation with Neoniti rotary files at predetermined torque in relation to the oper - ator’s experience. Methodology: The research was performed on 60 human maxillary and mandibular incisors extracted for periodontal reasons. Each group of 20 teeth (10 maxillary and 10 mandibular incisors) was prepared by three different operators with different levels of experience in endodontics: a fresh dental school graduate, a postgraduate student training in endodontics and an endodontic specialist. Maxillary incisors represented the experimental model of wide root canals while mandibular incisors represented a model of narrow root canals. Root canals were prepared employing Neoniti files and TCM Endo unit at speed and torque recommended by the manu - facturer. Vertical force measurement was performed utilizing device constructed for this purpose. Statistical analysis was accomplished using Mann-Whitney U test, Kruskal-Wallis test and Spearman’s rank correlation. Results: The amount of vertical force was significantly higher in narrow than in wide root canals (P=0.001). Comparison of vertical forces developed by three different operators demonstrated significant differences (P

Various aspects of exposed ship structure have major impact on the accuracy of wind load estimation methods. Although several appropriate approaches for dealing with these issues have been proposed so far, there is still room for improvement. In that context, this paper presents an extension of previously proposed approach, which was based on Elliptic Fourier Descriptors (EFD) that are used for ship frontal and lateral closed contour representation. In previous research, the Generalized Regression Neural Network (GRNN) was trained with elliptic Fourier descriptors of a set of closed contours and non-dimensional wind load coefficients obtained from experimental wind tunnel tests. In this paper, training and testing sample is expanded with wind load coefficients derived from 3D steady RANS Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) analysis. In this way, the cheaper and faster calculation can bridge the gap between ship shapes for which calculations or experiments have already been made. The obtained neural network (NN) responses are well aligned with results of available experiments and obtained CFD results. Simulations used for this purpose were based on the analysis of the relationship of various container configurations on the deck of a 9000+ TEU container ship and associated wind forces and moments.

Veći broj eksperimentalno dobivenih rezultata mjerenja za opstrujavanje oko pojednostavljenog modela automobila (Ahmed body) dostupan je u literaturi. Poseban naglasak je na promjeni nagiba stražnjeg kraja modela čime se značajno mijenja karakter strujanja fluida. U radu su napravljene numeričke simulacije čiji rezultati su uspoređeni s mjerenim rezultatima iz literature kako bi se ispitao utjecaj numeričke mreže na točnost rješenja turbulentnih modela korištenih u software-u FLUENT. S obzirom da se radi o složenom turbulentnom strujanju, potrebno je pravilno prilagoditi numeričku mrežu budući da značajno utječe na vrijeme trajanja proračuna kao i na točnost rezultata. Veći broj elemenata numeričke mreže, ukoliko su raspoređeni na pravilan način, povećava točnost rezultata, ali značajno povećava vrijeme trajanja proračuna. Promatran je utjecaj smještaja i veličine volumnih elemenata strukturirane i nestrukturirane mreže na način da se minimizira broj elemenata numeričke mreže i time smanji vrijeme potrebno za izračun simulacije, a postigne zadovoljavajuća točnost rješenja, tj. odstupanje od mjerenih rezultata. Utjecaj numeričke mreže ispitan je za različite turbulentne modele.

Aim To analyze apical irrigant pressure developed by four needles, each at different flow rates, using an ex vivo model for endodontic irrigation. Methodology A human maxillary incisor root canal was shaped to the working length (WL) utilising rotary files up to size 40, 0.06 taper, patency size 10. The apical foramen of the root canal was sealed in closed system connected to digital manometer (PM- 9100HA, Omega Engineering, USA). Two notched open-end irrigation needles (Needle 1: Endo-EZE ; Ultradent Products, USA, and Needle 2: Appli-Vac ; Vista Dental, USA), one single side-vented (Needle 3: Appli-Vac, Vista Dental, USA) and one double sidevented (Needle 4: Calasept, Nordiska Dental, Sweden), all 27G, were used. Each needle was mounted 1 mm short of WL and constant flow rates of 0.05, 0.10, 0.15 and 0.20 mL s 1 of irrigant (3% sodium-hypochlorite) were delivered by Precision Syringe Pump (Aladdin, World Precision Instruments, USA). Apical irrigant pressure was measured (N = 20) for each flow rate. Two-way ANOVA without repetition analysis was used to determine statistical difference between needles types and the rise of irrigant flow rate. Results The highest value of apical irrigant pressure was developed by Needle 2 at 0.20 mL s 1 (68 2.66 mmHg), while the lowest by Needle 4 at 0.05 mL s 1 (2.25 0.55 mmHg). Results showed a significant difference between the notched open-end (Needle 1 and 2) and side-vented irrigation needle (Needle 3 and 4) type groups (F = 6.53, P < 0.05). Differences in needle type were not significant. The increase of irrigant flow rate resulted in a significant increase of apical pressure for all irrigation needles. Conclusions Apical irrigant pressure was influenced by both needle type and irrigant flow rate. Increase of irrigant flow rate increased apical pressure while the application of open-end needles was associated with increased apical pressure compared to side-vented.

Numerički simulacijski model premix rashladnog uređaja razvijen je u okviru ove disertacije. Simulacijski model je namijenjen za predviđanje promjena svih bitnih parametara rashladnog sustava sa zalihom leda u nestacionarnim uvjetima rada, koji se sreću prilikom hlađenja vode i formiranja zalihe leda u uvjetima promjenjivog toplinskog opterećenja isparivača. Model se sastoji od dva podsustava koji rade naizmjenično i razmjenjuju podatke u svakom vremenskom koraku. Prvi podsustav prati promjene stanja radne tvari pri kružnom toku unutar rashladnog sustava. Drugi pak podsustav prati strujanje i izmjenu topline unutar rashladne kupke gdje se voda ispočetka hladi, a kasnije zaleđuje oko cijevne zavojnice isparivača rashladnog sustava. Za simulaciju izmjenjivača topline rashladnog sustava (isparivača i kondenzatora) korištena je metoda distribuiranih parametara. Rezultati simulacije predstavljaju niz lako mjerljivih parametara rashladnog sustava poput tlakova isparivanja i kondenzacije, masenih protoka kroz kapilaru i kompresor, pojedinih temperatura unutar sustava, ali i nekih teže mjerljivih parametara poput specifične entalpije u pojedinim kontrolnim volumenima izmjenjivača topline, brzine strujanja ili sadržaja pare. Najvažniji parametri čije rezultate simulacija predviđa su energetska potrošnja i masa formirane zalihe leda. Vrednovanje numeričkog modela napravljeno je usporedbom rezultata simulacije s rezultatima dobivenim eksperimentalno za 4 različite konfiguracije rashladnog uređaja. Vrednovanje je pokazalo da su odstupanja vrijednosti svih bitnih parametara dobivene simulacijom, unutar prihvatljivih okvira te da takav simulacijski model može služiti kao pouzdan alat za optimizaciju potrošnje energije kod premix uređaja., The numerical simulation model of the premix cooling unit was developed in the framework of this dissertation. The simulation model is intended for predicting changes in all important parameters of the cooling system with ice bank in transient operating conditions, which occur during water cooling and ice bank formation with the variable heat load of the evaporator. The model consists of two subsystems that work alternately and exchange data at each time step. The first subsystem monitors changes of the refrigerant state during the circulation within the cooling system. The second subsystem monitors the flow and heat exchange inside the water bath, where the water initially cools down and later freezes around the pipe coil of the evaporator of the cooling system. The method of distributed parameters was used to simulate the heat exchangers of the cooling system (evaporator and condenser). The simulation results represent a number of easily measurable parameters of the cooling system such as evaporation and condensation pressures, mass flows through the capillary and compressor, individual temperatures within the system, but also some more difficult to measure parameters such as specific enthalpy in particular control volumes of the heat exchanger, velocity or vapour content. The most important parameters whose results are predicted by the simulation are the energy consumption and the mass of the formed ice bank. The evaluation of the numerical model was made by comparing the results of the simulation with the results obtained experimentally for 4 different configurations of the cooling unit. The evaluation showed that the deviations of the values of all important parameters obtained by simulation, are within acceptable limits and that such a simulation model can be used as a reliable tool for optimizing energy consumption of premix cooling units.

Tema ovog završnog rada je analiza strujanja oko pojednostavljenog modela modernog automobila tip 6. Završni rad se sastoji od dva dijela, teorijski dio i praktični dio. U teorijskom dijelu opisana je kronologija razvoja aerodinamike u automobilskoj industriji i teorija o aerodinamici automobila, te primjena računalne dinamike fluida (CFD). U praktičnom dijelu izrađeno je pojednostavljenje geometrije modela automobila, izrađena je numerička mreža te su definirani rubni uvjeti potrebni za izradu simulacije koja se temelji na iterativnom rješenju NavierStokes jednadžbi u programu Ansys Fluent. Mijenjajući ulaznu brzinu prikazali smo rezultate promjena kontura i vektora brzina, te konture statičkog, dinamičkog i totalnog tlaka. Na kraju su ti rezultati prikazani grafičkim putem., The topic of this final paper is the analysis of the flow around a simplified model of a modern car type 6. The final paper consists of two parts, a theoretical part and a practical part. The theoretical part describes the chronology of the development of aerodynamics in the automotive industry and the theory of car aerodynamics, as well as the application of computational fluid dynamics (CFD). In the practical part, a simplification of the geometry of the car model was made, a numerical grid was created and the boundary conditions necessary for creating a simulation based on the iterative solution of the Navier-Stokes equations in the Ansys Fluent program were defined. By changing the input speed, we presented the results of changes in contours and velocity vectors, as well as contours of static, dynamic and total pressure. Finally, these results were presented graphically.

U ovome radu se opisuju tipovi vodnih turbina, vrste difuzora, i gubici u hidroenergetskim sustavima, te analizira numerička simulacija protoka fluida kroz difuzor Francisove turbine u dva režima u programu Ansys Fluent, kako bi se došlo do zaključaka o promjenama tokova strujanja i gubitaka kod prostrujavanja vode iz turbine kroz difuzor., This paper describes the types of water turbines, types of draft tubes, losses in hydropower systems, and analyzes the numerical simulation of fluid flow through the draft tube of a Francis turbine in two regimes, in the Ansys Fluent program, in order to reach conclusions about changes in flow rates and losses at water flow from the turbine through the draft tube.

Protok je vrlo važan pojam u ljudskome životu, a to pogotovo u svakom industrijskom procesu. Stoga se od rane prošlosti pa sve do danas istražuju razni načini kako što efikasnije izmjeriti protok. Jedan od novijih i modernijih načina mjerenja protoka je ultrazvučna metoda. Ultrazvučno mjerenje protoka je način mjerenja protoka pomoću ultrazvučnih valova koji se šalju i primaju iz senzora ultrazvučnih mjerača. Ovi mjerači nemaju pokretnih dijelova te je njihova instalacija prilično jednostavna, što ih zapravo i čini popularnima, no pri radu s njima treba biti izrazito oprezan jer i najmanja greška dovodi do odstupanja u rezultatima. Postoje dvije glavne metode na kojima ultrazvučni mjerači temelje svoj rad, a ujedno se po tome i razlikuju, a to su Dopplerova metoda i metoda zasnovana na vremenu prolaza. Senzori ultrazvučnih mjerača mogu se montirati s vanjske strane cijevi („Clamp on“) te s unutarnje strane cijevi („Inline“). Upravo se pomoću ultrazvučnog mjerača, koji radi na principu vremena prolaza, izvršilo mjerenje protoka vode u tlačnom cjevovodu HE Rijeka. Mjerenje se vršilo od trenutka puštanja turbine u rad pa sve do njena zaustavljanja. Pri mjerenju su praćena tri karakteristična područja koja su prisutna u radu svake hidroelektrane, a to su faza pokretanja, ustaljena rada, te faza zaustavljanja. Nakon analize rezultata i konstrukcije grafova došlo se do spoznaje kako izmjereni podaci imaju određene oscilacije i odstupanja od računski izračunatog protoka, a što je vjerojatno posljedica greške prilikom montaže., The flow is of great importance for human life in general, and for any industrial process in particular. That is why from early history up to the present day, various methods have been examined to measure the flow as accurately and as efficiently as possible. One of the more recent and modern methods is the ultrasonic method. Ultrasonic flow measurement is performed by means of ultrasonic waves which are transmitted to and from ultrasonic meter sensors. Since ultrasonic meters have no movable parts, they are very easy to install and therefore widely used. However, they should be operated with great care because even a slightest error may cause deviations in their readings. Operations of ultrasonic meters are based on the two main methods: the Doppler method or the transit time method. The meters are also distinguished according to these methods. The ultrasonic meter sensors can be mounted on the outside of a pipe (“clamp-on”) or on its inside (“inline”). The water flow in the penstock of the Rijeka hydroelectric power plant (HE Rijeka) was measured by an ultrasonic meter using the transit time method. The metering was performed from the moment the turbine was put into operation until its shutdown. During the metering, three characteristic stages of the hydroelectric power plant’s operation were monitored: the starting stage, the steady-state operation stage and the shutdown stage. Upon the analysis of the readings and the design of the graphs, the conclusion was reached that the reading data showed some oscillations and deviations from the computer-calculated flow. This was probably due to an error during the installation.

Završni rad prikazuje stacionarnu analizu strujanja fluida Darrieusove vjetroturbine s vertikalnom osi H-tipa, koja se sastoji od tri, međusobno jednako razmaknute lopatice, upotrebom Ansys programa za provedbu računalnih simulacija. Promatrani problem je dvodimenzionalan budući da se promatra jedan presjek vjetroturbine po visini lopatica, odnosno okomito na os vrtnje. Analiza strujanja temelji se na izračunu koeficijenata uzgona pojedinih lopatica unutar kuta zakreta od početne pozicije od 0° do 180°, za svakih 10° rotacije. Kroz rad se prolazi kroz proces izrade geometrije, preko izrade numeričke mreže, do numeričke analize i prikaza rezultata, sve unutar pojedinih komponenti sustava Ansys Workbench aplikacije. Dobiveni rezultati vezani za vrijednosti koeficijenata uzgona na pojedinim lopaticama turbine pokazuju određene pravilnosti, međutim, nije do kraja potvrđena njihova valjanost. Konture statičkih i dinamičkih tlakova te konture brzine, za pojedine položaje, dobro opisuju strujanje fluida unutar pretpostavki stacionarnog strujanja., This paper covers steady state numerical analysis of fluid flow on Darrieus H-type vertical axis wind turbine, with three equally spaced turbine blades, using Ansys simulation software. Observed problem is two-dimensional, where the geometry is derived from a cross-section perpendicular to the turbine axis of rotation. Fluid flow analysis consists of calculation of lift coefficients of each individual turbine blade for angle of attack in range 0°-180°, with 10° resolution data extraction. This work covers modeling geometry, through mesh creation, simulation setup and result processing, all by using system components of Ansys Workbench application. Produced results of lift coefficients, for each of the blade, show some regularity in structure but haven’t been validated. Results of contour of static and dynamic pressure and velocity magnitude contours give a good description of fluid flow within assumptions of steady state flow.

U ovom završnom radu opisane su vodne turbine, navedena je njihova podjela. Definiran je difuzor i objašnjen je njegov princip rada. U završnom dijelu opisan je program Ansys Fluent, u kojem je učitavanjem zadane geometrije, kreiranjem numeričke mreže, unašanjem parametara i uvjeta izrađena simulacija strujanja fluida prema zadanoj geometriji difuzora. Rezultati simulacije na kraju su grafički prikazani., In this final paper, the water turbines are described and their division is indicated. Furthermore, the diffuser is defined and its working principle is explained in detail. In the final part of the thesis, the Ansys Fluent program is presented. A simulation of fluid flow, which is specified by the given geometry of the diffuser, was created in the programe by loading the given geometry, creating a numerical network and entering parameters and conditions.

U radu je opisan postojeći sustav vodoopskrbne mreže Glavana sa svim elementima te njihovim karakteristikama. Za izradu mreže korišten je softver QGIS, a za numeričku analizu korišten je EPANET. Napravljena je analiza postojećeg stanja protoka i tlakova unutar vodoopskrbne mreže. Analizirane su situacije opskrbe vodom novog naselja te za potrebe gašenja požara. Dobiveni rezultati su zadovoljavajući, pokazano je da mreža može dodatno opskrbiti poprilično veliko naselje kao i osigurati gašenje požara većih razmjera., The paper describes the existing water supply network of the location Glavani with it's elements and their characteristics. QGIS software is used to create the network and EPANET is used for numerical analysis. An analysis of the current state of flow and pressures inside the network was made. The analyzed situations are: supply of the new settlement and supply in the occurrence of fire. The obtained results are satisfactory, the network can additionally supply a rather large settlement as well as ensure the extinguishing of a very demanding fire.

Izvršena je 2D analiza strujanja vjetra brzine 6 m/s kroz Darrieusovu vjetroturbinu pomoću CFD programa Ansys Fluent. Uspoređene su vrijednosti koeficijenata uzgona i koeficijenata snage za NACA0015, NACA0018 i NACA0022 aeroprofile. Izrađene su geometrije, mreže i provedena simulacija. Rezultati su uspoređeni s rezultatima iz literature te pokazuju za analizirani raspon zadovoljavajuću podudarnost., A 2D analysis of 6 m/s wind flow through the Darrieus wind turbine was preformed using the Ansys Fluent CFD program. Lift coefficient and power coefficient for NACA0015, NACA0018 and NACA0022 airfoils were compared. Geometries, meshes and simulations were created. The results were compared with the results from the literature and a show a satisfactory agreement for the analyzed range.

Ovim radom prikazana je izrada simulacije strujanja fluida prema zadanoj geometriji difuzora. Korak po korak su objašnjeni postupci od učitavanja geometrije, kreiranja numeričke mreže, unos parametara i uvjeta te sama simulacija tlakove i brzina fluida kroz difuzor. Za izradu simulacije korišten je program ANSYS pomoću kojeg je izrađena stacionarna simulacija turbulentnog strujanja. Vizualizacijom tlakova i brzina kroz difuzor dobiven je detaljniji uvid u način rada predložene geometrije difuzora. Na temelju dobivenih rezultata moguće je ciljano provesti daljnja poboljšanja geometrije., This paper presents the development of a fluid flow simulation according to the given diffuser geometry. The procedures from loading geometry, creating a numerical network, entering parameters and conditions, and the simulation of pressures and fluid velocities through the diffuser are explained step by step. The ANSYS software was used to create a stationary simulation of turbulent flow. By visualizing the pressures and velocities through the diffuser, a more detailed insight into the mode of operation of the proposed diffuser geometry was obtained. Based on the obtained results, it is possible to make further improvements to the geometry.

Tema ovog rada je izrada simulacije opstrujavanja zraka na modelu automobila. Za potrebe završnog rada model automobila je bio pojednostavljen. Na početku rada su opisani primjeri simulacija koje se danas koriste u autoindustriji. U središnjem dijelu opisan je sam postupak izrade geometrije, numeričke mreže i odabir parametara koji definiraju simulaciju. Simulacija se provela za nekoliko različitih brzina kod kojih su se promatrala konture i vektori brzina, kao i konture statičkog, dinamičkog i totalnog tlaka. Na kraju su prikazana rješenja te grafički prikazi simulacija., The topic of this paper is the development of a simulation of air flow on a car model. For the needs of the final work, the car model was simplified. At the beginning of the paper are examples of simulations used in the automotive industry today. The central part describes the process of creating geometry, numerical grid and selection of parameters that define the simulation. The simulation took place at several different speeds at which certain properties were observed. On the end of paper are shown solutions and graphical representations of simulations

U ovom radu prikazana je povijest vodnih turbina i vodenih kola. Također su navedeni najpoznatiji, ali i najzaslužniji fizičari i inženjeri za razvoj modernih vodnih turbina. Navedeni su razni softwarei koji omogućuju jednostavno 3D modeliranje kao što su Autodesk AutoCAD i Autodesk Inventor koji su korišteni za izradu ovog rada. Nakon toga, objašnjeno je 3D modeliranje lopatica vodne turbine po koracima. Krenuvši od privodećih lopatica, tj. modeliranje jedne, do modeliranja svih 24 lopatica. Iza toga pojašnjeno je modeliranje predprivodećih lopatica koje su modelirane na nešto drugačiji način od privodećih. Na kraju je objašnjeno oduzimanje predprivodećih lopatica od novog tijela što je kreiralo dio koji služi za izradu CFD simulacije., This paper talks about history of water turbines and water wheels. Also there are some of the most known, and the most deserving physicist and engineers for development of modern water turbines. Then are listed softwares that are the most used in 3D modeling, such as Autodesk AutoCAD and Autodesk Inventor which are used for making this project. After that 3D modeling of turbine blades is explained by steps. Starting from leading blades, i.e. modeling one, to making a model of all 24 blades. Then it's explained modeling of pre-leading blades which were being modelled in a different way than the leading blades. In the end what was explained was subtracting pre-leading blades off a new solid which created a body which is used for making a CFD simulation.

U ovom je završnom radu napravljen pregled teorije vodnih turbina, navedena je njihova podjela te su navedene njihove razlike i opisane su različite vrste vodnih turbina. Detaljnije je objašnjen princip rada difuzora, opisane su vrste difuzora i napravljena je analiza smanjenja gubitaka korištenjem difuzora. U završnom dijelu završnog rada opisan je program Ansys Fluent. Nakon toga je izrađena numerička mreža za zadanu geometriju te je zatim napravljena 3D analiza strujanja kroz difuzor. Rezultati simulacije koji se odnose na tlakove i brzine u sustavu su naposljetku grafički prikazani i analizirani koristeći se teorijom iz prethodnih dijelova završnog rada., In this thesis an examination was made concerning the theory behind water turbines, it discusses their division, it discusses their differences and different types of water turbines are descriped. It describes the principles of draft tube operation in greater detail, it describes different types of draft tubes and an analysis of the reduction of output losses by using a draft tube is written. In the final part od the thesis, the program Ansys Fluent is described. After that a mesh is made for the given geometry and then a 3D fluid flow analysis through the draft tube is made. The simulation results which pertain to pressures and velocities in the system are graphically presented and analyzed using theory from the previous parts of this thesis.

Primjenom računalne dinamike fluida i analizom dobivenih numeričkih i vizualnih rješenja odgovorilo se na pitanje kako otvoreni krovni prozor utječe na strujanje zraka, sile otpora, koeficijente otpora i druge fizikalne veličine. Nakon analize može se zaključiti da će otvaranje krovnog prozora smanjiti koeficijent otpora zraka za automobil što je povoljno, ali će radi povećanja poprečnog presjeka u ravnini koja je okomita na gibanje automobila ukupna sila izvršena na automobil u suprotnom smjeru od njegova gibanja biti veća s otvorenim prozorom. Saznalo se i da je put koji će automobil sa zatvorenim prozorom prijeći biti veći za istu količinu goriva pri putnoj brzini od 35 m/s (126 km/h), za ispitanu geometriju automobila., By applying computer fluid dynamics and analyzing the obtained numerical and visual solutions, the question of how an open sunroof affects air flow, resistance forces, resistance coefficients and other physical quantities was answered. After the analysis, it can be concluded that opening the sunroof will reduce the air resistance coefficient of the car, which is favorable, but due to the increase in the cross-section in the plane perpendicular to the car's motion the total force exerted on the car in the opposite direction to its movement will be greater with the window open. It was also found that the distance traveled by the car with the window closed is greater for the same amount of fuel at a road speed of 35 m/s (126 km/h), for the tested geometry of the car.

Water distribution systems are designed to assure safe water transportation to the endusers. Since the water needs to have required quality and hydraulic characteristics, these systems are regularly monitored, controlled, and improved. In this doctoral dissertation, an investigation of different applications of artificial intelligence methods for the purpose of improving water distribution systems was conducted. Firstly, the optimization procedure coupled with numerical simulations is used for improving the design of the parts of the water system intake structure. In the further investigation of optimization applications, pollution detection strategy is developed, where novel optimization approach based on search space reduction method and independent optimizations conducted for each possible source node is proposed. Machine learning has been applied in the prediction of a number of pollution sources, based on a wide range of pollution scenarios with a various number of pollution sources. Additionally, machine learning has been used for leak localization, based on a wide range of leak scenarios. As a further development of leak localization methodology, pipe segmentation approach was proposed in which additional divisions of pipes were introduced to simulate a more realistic scenario where leaks can occur not only at pipe junctions but at any point of pipe. The conducted research showed several new possible utilizations of artificial intelligence methods which were previously not considered mainly due to their considerable computational demand. These applications need to be further explored since with the rapid increase of computational power these methods could provide valuable insight into water system behavior and improve water transportation system operation., Sustavi transporta vode služe za opskrbu različitih korisnika pri čemu je glavna funkcija sustava osiguranje želje kvalitete vode i njenih hidrauličkih karakteristika. Problemi u sustavu mogu uzrokovati značajne gubitke, trajna oštećenja, a u konačnosti mogu predstavljati opasnost za ljudske živote, te se zbog toga sustavi transporta vode redovito prate i reguliraju. S povećanjem količine dostupnih mjerenja kao i s povećanjem računalnih resursa, primjena umjetne inteligencije prilikom dizajniranja i kontrole sustava transporta vode postala je sve zastupljenija. U ovoj doktorskoj disertaciji predloženo je nekoliko novih smjerova primjene umjetne inteligencije u svrhu poboljšanja sustava transporta vode. Prvi od istraženih smjerova je optimizacijski pristup koji je primjenjen za poboljšanje dizajna djelova ulazne strukture sustava transporta vode, konkretno zaštitne rešetke. Primjenom optimizacijskih metoda moguće je prilagoditi geometriju poprečnog presjeka kako bi se minimizirali hidraulički gubitci uz zadovoljenje ekoloških i inženjerskih zahtjeva. Optimizacijski pristup je primjenjen i na problem detekcije mjesta unosa onečišćenja u sustav transporta vode. U slučaju pojave onečišćenja u sustavu potrebno je brzo odrediti lokaciju i parametre onečišćenja, u cilju upozorenja korisnika i poduzimanja potrebnih zaštitnih radnji. Primjenom nove metode koja smanjuje broj potencijalnih čvorova unosa onečišćenja, za svaki preostali potencijalni čvor proveden je zaseban optimizacijski postupak, čime je smanjena dimenzionalnost problema što pojednostavljuje i ubrzava optimizacijski postupak. Nadalje, strojno učenje primjenjeno je za predviđanje nekoliko mogućih lokacija unosa onečišćenja na temelju ograničenih senzorskih mjerenja. Predikcijski model je istreniran na sintetičkim mjerenjima dobivenim iz većeg broja numeričkih simulacija provedenih za varijabilni broj lokacija onečišćenja i za varijabilne parametre unosa onečišćenja. Slična metodologija provedena je i za određivanje mjesta oštećenja cjevovoda, gdje je predikcijski model istreniran na sintetičkim podatcima o izmjerenim tlakovima, koji su dobiveni iz većeg broja simulacija sa varijabilnim mjestom i veličinom oštećenja. Za razliku od standardne metodologije, u kojoj se pretpostavlja da se oštećenje dogodilo u nekom od čvorova vodovodne mreže, u ovom radu predlaže se novi pristup u kojem se nakon preliminarne lokalizacije oštećenja provodi dodatna segmentacija cijevi kako bi se lokacija oštećenja mogla točnije odrediti. Provedeno istraživanje pokazalo je da se metode umjetne inteligencije danas mogu uspješno primjeniti na probleme koji se prethodno nisu rješavali na ovaj način, ponajviše zbog prevelikih računalnih zahtjeva. Metode predložene u ovom radu pokazuju da se povećanjem računalnih resursa i korištenjem poboljšanih tehnika umjetne inteligencije može poboljšati rad i kontrola sustava transporta vode.