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Background: Physical inactivity is recognized as a global health challenge. Attachment theory may provide insight into individual physical activity (PA) patterns, informing the development of PA interventions to promote the maintenance of behavior change. This study investigated the associations between attachment orientation and why and how individuals engage in PA. Given the association between attachment and sensory processing, this study also investigated the link between sensory processing and PA participation. Methods: Participants (N = 141) completed an online questionnaire that included the Modified Experiences of Close Relationships Scale and the Highly Sensitive Person Scale. The relationship between attachment orientation and sensory processing patterns, and preference for PA participation were analyzed using 2-sided independent t tests. Results: Attachment avoidance, attachment anxiety, and sensory sensitivity were significantly related to participants' preference for PA participation in theoretically consistent ways. Avoidantly attached individuals were less likely to participate in PA as a form of social interaction (mean = 8.57, SD = 2.87, P =.005, d = 0.48). Anxiously attached individuals were more likely to participate in PA to support weight management (mean = 37.02, SD = 11.54, P =.01, d = −0.46) or if recommended by a health professional (mean = 43.55, SD = 12.45, P =.039, d = −0.88). Sensory sensitive individuals were more likely to participate in PA alone (mean = 124.11, SD = 19.23, P =.005, d = −0.510), and more likely to prefer light-intensity forms of PA (mean = 133.29, SD = 12.67, F3,123 = 5.49, P =.001). Conclusions: Findings highlight the potential value of considering an individual's attachment orientation and sensory processing patterns in the development of PA interventions. This may help to address the challenges of PA participation, by individually tailoring interventions to participants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Paul Michael Garrett's book "Social Work and Common Sense: A Critical Examination" delves into the role of common sense in social work theory and practice, drawing on Antonio Gramsci's work. The book analyzes key aspects of common sense, such as attachment theory and human rights, through a critical lens in various contexts. Garrett challenges mainstream social work theories and calls for a more reflective and inclusive practice that addresses systemic inequalities. The book provides a theoretical foundation for understanding the ideological structures in social work and is recommended for advanced students, educators, and practitioners interested in critical theory and social work politics. [Extracted from the article]

Attachment theory proposes that young children's experiences with their caregivers has a tremendous influence on how children navigate their social relationships. By the end of early childhood, intergroup contexts play an important role in their social life and children build strong ties to their ingroups. Although both domains relate to the same psychological processes—children's affective ties to others—surprisingly very little research has addressed how children's attachment relates to their intergroup attitudes and behavior. In this study, we investigate the link. For that purpose, 5‐year‐old children (n = 100) first underwent the German Attachment Story Completion Task (GEV‐B). Then we allocated children into minimal groups based on T‐Shirt color and assessed their intergroup attitudes and intergroup behavior. Results showed that while most children showed a strong and robust ingroup bias in their attitudes and behavior, children with an insecure‐ambivalent attachment representation treated in‐ and outgroup similarly. Overall, this study provides novel perspectives on the relationship between children's attachment representation and their interactions in the social world. Research Highlights: This study provides novel insights into the relationship between children's attachment security and the development of intergroup bias in a minimal group contextChildren with secure, insecure‐avoidant and disorganized attachment representation showed a strong intergroup bias in explicit attitudes and behaviorChildren with insecure‐ambivalent attachment representation displayed no intergroup biasInsecure‐ambivalent attachment representations might be detrimental to the formation of ingroup attachment [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is a central tenet of attachment theory that individual differences in attachment representations organize behavior during social interactions. Secure attachment representations also facilitate behavioral synchrony, a key component of adaptive parent–child interactions. Yet, the dynamic neural processes underlying these interactions and the potential role of attachment representations remain largely unknown. A growing body of research indicates that interpersonal neural synchrony (INS) could be a potential neurobiological correlate of high interaction and relationship quality. In this study, we examined whether interpersonal neural and behavioral synchrony during parent–child interaction is associated with parent and child attachment representations. In total, 140 parents (74 mothers and 66 fathers) and their children (age 5–6 years; 60 girls and 80 boys) engaged in cooperative versus individual problem‐solving. INS in frontal and temporal regions was assessed with functional near‐infrared spectroscopy hyperscanning. Attachment representations were ascertained by means of the Adult Attachment Interview in parents and a story‐completion task in children, alongside video‐coded behavioral synchrony. Findings revealed increased INS during cooperative versus individual problem solving across all dyads (훸2(2) = 9.37, p = 0.009). Remarkably, individual differences in attachment representations were associated with INS but not behavioral synchrony (p > 0.159) during cooperation. More specifically, insecure maternal attachment representations were related to higher mother–child INS in frontal regions (훸2(3) = 9.18, p = 0.027). Conversely, secure daughter attachment representations were related to higher daughter–parent INS within temporal regions (훸2(3) = 12.58, p = 0.006). Our data thus provide further indication for INS as a promising correlate to probe the neurobiological underpinnings of attachment representations in the context of early parent–child interactions. Research Highlights: We assessed attachment representations using narrative measures and interpersonal neural synchrony (INS) during parent‐child problem‐solving.Dyads including mothers with insecure attachment representations showed higher INS in left prefrontal regions.Dyads including daughters with secure attachment representations showed higher INS in right temporo‐parietal regions.INS is a promising correlate to probe the neurobiological underpinnings of attachment representations in the context of parent‐child interactions, especially within the mutual prediction framework. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Concerns have been raised regarding misconceptions about attachment theory in child protection settings, but the application of attachment concepts in judicial child protection decisions has not been systematically explored. This study therefore examined the perception and application of attachment concepts in Swedish judicial decision protocols concerning involuntary removals of children (aged 0–2 years) where emotional neglect was a notable concern (n=28). Attachment concepts were frequently misunderstood, and imprecisely articulated. Unsystematic observations of child behavior were used to infer attachment insecurity and, by extrapolation, caregiving deficiencies. Attachment concepts were primarily used to support child removal, and insecure attachment seemed to be viewed as meeting the legally required level of risk to warrant involuntary child out–of–home placement. Our results indicate that misconceptions about attachment theory may be prevalent in judicial decision protocols. We emphasize the need to elaborate on risks in legally relevant ways without incorrect appeals to attachment theory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractThe iteration of AI technology has enhanced the industry competitiveness of sports apps and brought a new emotional experience to users. However, the community function of AI-enabled sports apps has not yet received sufficient attention. This study adopts the technology acceptance model framework through the human-computer interaction and social psychology perspectives, incorporating perceived interactivity (human-human interaction, human-information interaction, human-system interaction), user experience (functional experience, content experience, and emotional experience), attachment theory (emotional attachment, emotional loyalty), social identity, social trust, and satisfaction variables to construct a theoretical model. It aims to solve the problem of how AI can enhance users’ emotional interaction, community stickiness, and ultimately social interaction satisfaction in sports apps. Through literature review, theoretical analysis, and case study, the Chinese “KEEP” APP was identified as the research object, and the questionnaire was constructed with an improved test scale. The study used a cross-sectional sampling method to collect data from Chinese online platforms for three months (N = 520) and tested the hypotheses in the theoretical model through structural equation modeling and artificial neural networks. The results of the study show that (1) emotional attachment, emotional loyalty, social identity, and social trust positively and significantly affect user satisfaction; (2) emotional attachment and social identity positively and significantly affect human-human interaction; (3) perceived usefulness, social identity, and social trust significantly construct an influence loop on the internal path. Compared with existing studies, this study proposes a multidimensional innovative framework that reveals the deeper influence mechanism of AI technology in sports APP communities and makes up for the shortcomings of existing studies in terms of users’ emotional interactions and community stickiness. Through this study, sports APP developers and operators, marketers, AI technology developers, as well as sports enthusiasts, and general users can obtain specific practical suggestions to further optimize the design and functionality of sports apps, and enhance the overall user experience and satisfaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We tested the generalizability of the sensitivity-security link in a sample of 35 preschooler-mother dyads from a low socioeconomic district in Lima, Peru. We first describe maternal sensitivity and attachment security at two timepoints during early childhood. Second, we investigated the stability of attachment security and maternal sensitivity over a time span of one year. Third, we tested the association between sensitivity and security at each timepoint. Finally, we investigated whether changes in maternal sensitivity predict changes in child security. The results indicated that sensitivity and security were lower than scores reported in the literature for middle-class samples. T2 maternal sensitivity scores were significantly higher than T1 sensitivity scores, and no significant differences were found between T1 and T2 security. Sensitivity and security were associated at both timepoints, after controlling for socio-demographic variables. One-tail test indicated that changes in maternal sensitivity were associated with changes in child security. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT Objective Method Results Conclusions Attachment research has traditionally focused on traits, enhancing our understanding of attachment‐related individual differences. However, to chart the dynamic properties of the attachment system, more research is needed on the within‐person fluctuation of attachment states. In this ecological momentary assessment (EMA) study, we examined (a) the associations between the baseline, variability, and inertia of each state attachment dimension (security, avoidance, and anxiety) and (b) how trait attachment (anxiety and avoidance) predicts these dynamic features.In two adult samples (Ns = 122 and 127), trait attachment dimensions were first assessed using Experiences in Close Relationships–Revised. Then, attachment states were assessed seven or ten times a day over 1 week (4629 and 5322 successful EMA observations).For state security, individuals with high baseline exhibited lower variability. In contrast, for state avoidance, those with high baseline showed higher variability. Both trait attachment anxiety and avoidance predicted lower baseline and higher variability of state security. Moreover, both trait dimensions predicted higher baselines of the corresponding states.Our findings provide insights into the real‐time regulatory dynamics of the attachment system and their interconnection with trait attachment, underscoring the importance of baseline and variability in understanding how attachment manifests in everyday life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Attrition continues to be a major hurdle for addiction treatment. Through the prism of the attachment theory, this phenomenon can be understood as a manifestation of the patient's insecure attachment style, needing a highly-responsive care delivery. We developed an electronic health mobile application, co-designed with patients, aimed at helping healthcare teams respond to their patients' needs, and fostering adherence to care. This acceptability study evaluated patients everyday use of the application for eight weeks, assessing their satisfaction with the system, and its integration within professionals' current practice in our center. Methods: This single-center, prospective study was conducted between January 2022 and December 2022. 24 adult patients with any type of addiction were included. They were granted access to the application for eight weeks, and were invited to complete the System Usability Scale questionnaire regarding their satisfaction with application's usability at the end of the study. The application uses active self-reports, which are later discussed with the healthcare team, and foster both the working alliance and the decision-making process. Results: 17 patients out of 24 reached the primary endpoint. On average, over the eight-weeks period, patients logged in the application 38.2 times, and sent 5.9 messages to the healthcare team. Interestingly, 64.3% of the user logins were recorded outside of our center's working hours (either from 5 p.m. to 9 a.m., or during week-ends and bank holidays), and 70.8% of the patients logged into the application at least one time between 10 p.m. and 8 a.m. 18 patients completed the System Usability Scale questionnaire, which averaged a score of 81.8 out of 100. Healthcare professionals logged in the application's messaging system 4.5 times a day on average. Conclusions: This preliminary study shows promising results, as patients engaged well with various components of the application. It was moreover possible for healthcare workers in our center to integrate this tool in their daily activities. More work is needed to better understand the various patients' needs regarding the application, further strengthen their adherence to the intervention, and understand professionals' motivations to use the application. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, Identifier: NCT04659954. Registered 09 December 2020, https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04659954. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The authors explore a version of non-attachment, a prominent theme in Asian philosophies and religion. Topics discussed include the importance of eliminating attachment to self and other misguided ideasto the teaching on suffering in Buddhist traditions, and attachments that are sometimes avoided even if it is part of the non-selfish aspiration.

A common pattern in couple relationships is demand/withdraw. Within this pattern, one partner seeks connection, change, and resolution of the issue, whereas the other seeks to end the discussion and limit closeness. We sought to further understand and update the literature by examining the relationship of gender and attachment (both self‐report and narrative discourse) with demand/withdraw behaviors during moderate couple conflict. Using data from 63 cisgender, heterosexual couples, we used the actor–partner interdependence model within multilevel modeling, to explore the research questions. Findings revealed that during the woman's issue, men were more likely to withdraw. During the man's issue, preoccupied attachment in either partner was associated with more demand and women higher in attachment anxiety were more likely to demand. Demand behaviors in one partner were also associated with withdraw behaviors in the other (and vice versa). In this article, we discuss the research and clinical implications of these findings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present paper introduces a theoretical model that addresses the interplay between insecure attachment, internal narratives, and defensive behaviour. Drawing from attachment theory research, we conceptualize the "internalized defensive narrative" (IDN) as a mental representation associated with attachment-insecurity. The model illustrates how the unique IDN associated with attachment-anxiety and attachment-avoidance respectively invoke hyperactivating and deactivating defenses. In clinical contexts, the model's application may possibly contribute to the development of more effective therapeutic strategies that target the root causes of a client's defensive behaviour. By recognizing the IDN as a key factor in the maintenance of the insecure cycle, therapists can potentially help clients gain insights into the psychological mechanisms driving their behaviour and provide them with tools for change, leading to improved therapeutic outcomes for individuals struggling with these issues. Further research is needed to validate and elaborate on the proposed model and its implications for clinical practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The article aims to investigate the relationship between Gustav Jung's theory of psychological types, the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) tool, and John Holland's model of occupational preferences. It was explored how these theories can be integrated to better understand and support the career selection process. In addition, the aim of the article is also to try to find an answer to the question whether there is a relationship between the personality type of an employee and the choice of their preferred career path. Design/methodology/approach: The authors described and analyzed 3 psychological theories: Gustav Jung's theory of psychological types, the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) tool, and John Holland's model of occupational preferences. These theories could be supportive in the area of human resources management aiming at achieving workers’ job satisfaction. The research was to integrate above-mentioned theories to identify patterns of behavior and career preferences to support human resources management processes. Findings: The study gives the recommendations for possible actions to use of big data analytics to identify patterns of behavior and career preferences, which can lead to more personalized career guidance. Practical implementation of theory integration could be implemented into career counselling, career planning, recruitment, and human resource management. The integration of the analysed theories allows for a more comprehensive approach to career counseling, allowing for a better match of the career path to individual personality traits. Practical application can lead to greater job satisfaction, better professional results and more informed career planning. Originality/value: The value of the research is the possible implementation of the integration of Jung's theory, MBTI, and Holland's model with other psychological theories, such as Maslow's theory of motivation or Bowlby's theory of attachment, which can lead to a more holistic approach to career choice. For example, taking into account intrinsic motivations and psychological needs can help to better understand why individuals choose certain career paths and how they can be supported in achieving job satisfaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Emotional neglect is a prevalent but often neglected phenomenon in Chinese culture. Based on attachment theory, childhood emotional neglect is a risk factor for insecure attachment and depressive symptoms. However, the specific effect of maternal and paternal emotional neglect on depressive symptoms is not clear yet, and few studies have examined whether parental compensation plays a protective role when we grow up. This study investigated the association between maternal/paternal emotional neglect and depressive symptoms, and explored the mediating role of insecure attachment and the moderating role of parental compensation. A total of 732 youth completed the measures on maternal/paternal emotional neglect, insecure adult attachment, parental compensation, and depressive symptoms. Results showed that maternal emotional neglect was a more robust predictor of depressive symptoms than paternal emotional neglect and showed a significant "unique effect". In addition, attachment anxiety and attachment avoidance mediated the association between maternal emotional neglect and depressive symptoms. Parental compensation moderated the indirect relation between maternal emotional neglect and depressive symptoms via attachment anxiety and attachment avoidance. That is, parental compensation played a protective role for those who experienced maternal emotional neglect. This study highlights the connection, communication, understanding, and reconciliation between parents and young adults who have suffered from childhood emotional neglect, and the benefits of further interventions towards depressive symptoms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT Introduction Aim Methods Results Conclusion Implications for Practice Intensive psychiatric care units can be challenging environments in which to build strong staff‐patient relationships. Attachment theory may provide a useful model for strengthening relationships in this setting.The aim of this study was to explore staff perceptions of the utility of attachment theory for understanding patient behaviour in the intensive psychiatric care setting.Semi‐structured interviews were conducted with 11 multi‐disciplinary staff members. Interviews focused on the staff member's experience of learning about attachment theory and applying this perspective to their work on the ward. Transcripts were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis.The analysis led to the development of three themes: engaging the reflective self, new perspective on others and cohesive ward culture.Staff reported that learning about attachment theory supported them to better understand patient distress and associated behaviours. Notably, staff also used attachment theory to reflect on both their own internal states and the internal states of their colleagues. These reflections were suggested to bolster staff wellbeing and improve the ward milieu.Integrating attachment theory into team formulation, ward rounds and reflective practice groups could have a benefit for clinical practice, staff wellbeing and team cohesion in this setting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Short video addiction has evolved into an emerging form of Internet addiction, which is prevalent among college students and seriously disrupts their lives, studies, and physical and mental health. The current study aims to uncover the underlying mechanisms of short video addiction among college students in the context of Chinese society and culture. And it tries to provide theoretical support for effective interventions in the future. Based on ecosystem theory, attachment theory and dual systems model of self-control, this research explores the influence of filial piety on college students' short video addiction, testing the mediating role of intolerance of uncertainty and the moderating role of self-control. A total of 1,187 college students completed the Dual Filial Piety Scale, Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale, Brief Self-Control Scale and Short Video Addiction Scale. The results found that reciprocal filial piety was significantly negatively related to short video addiction; authoritarian filial piety was significantly positively related to short video addiction. Intolerance of uncertainty played a part mediating role between reciprocal filial piety and short video addiction, as well as between authoritarian filial piety and short video addiction. Self-control moderated the relationship between intolerance of uncertainty and short video addiction. In the Chinese socio-cultural context, this study reveals the mechanisms of how filial piety affects college students' short video addiction, contributing to understanding the mechanisms from a family perspective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Upon preschool enrollment, the child-teacher relationship becomes important for the child’s continued development. We suggest that parents may be essential in supporting the establishment of such relationships from the first weeks of the child’s preschool enrollment, the so-called “introduction process”. Recent data indicates that Nordic preschools organize this aspect of preschool introduction differently, but no empirically informed knowledge-base exists on how to best support positive family-teacher interactions. To enrich this sparse topic, we conducted focus groups with Swedish preschool professionals (N = 31) to qualitatively acquire experiences and reflections on child-adult interactions during preschool introduction. Thematic analysis revealed two themes, centering around emotional security and the need to introduce the child and the parent(s). While emphasizing the importance of the parent’s presence near the child during the introduction process, dilemmas and conflicting ideas about how to arrange child-adult interactions were revealed, with potential implications for the child’s transition and the child-teacher relationship-building. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

What does it mean to become attached? Three longitudinal studies established the empirical basis for the existing four‐phase model of attachment formation, a model that has remained unmodified and unexamined for over half a century. In this paper, I revisit the research questions, methods, and findings from the seminal studies to reevaluate the current model. The evidence indicates two distinct definitions of attachment onset. In the first two phases of the model, becoming attached is defined by changes in within‐subject behaviors leading to the selection of a discriminated figure. Defined this way, attachment onset is analogous to how bond formation is currently defined in other mammals and how imprinting is understood in birds. In contrast, the third and fourth phases of the model define attachment onset by forming a goal‐corrected relationship. This second definition is human‐centric and relies on secure base behavior as the signature criterion, the same criteria used to classify secure and insecure patterns of attachment. I argue for a narrower definition of attachment by removing goal‐corrected behavior as a criterion and focusing on the normative process of selection. In addition, I integrate contemporary work on pair bonding in humans and other animals to propose new avenues for conceptualizing and studying attachment formation in infancy and beyond in filial and sexual bonds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pro-environmental behaviors are voluntary behaviors that tourists do to protect the environment and tourist areas, they empathize with nature, and they take environmental issues into account. This study investigated the mediating role of the dual concern theory and the moderating role of spatial attachment theory in the impact of personal values on pro-environmental behavior. It is an applied research in terms of purpose, descriptive in terms of nature and descriptive-correlation in terms of data collection method. Data was collected using standard questionnaires. Statistical population was the tourists that have traveled to Binalood tourist area. And sample size was 213 people based on Cochran formula. And sampling method was nonrandom convenience. Cronbach's alpha and combined reliability were used to confirm the reliability of the questionnaires, and confirmatory factor analysis was used to confirm its validity. The obtained values showed the reliability and validity of the questionnaire. The results of the study, using structural equation modeling method and PLS software, showed that the personal values of Binalood tourists affect the pro-environmental behavior of Binalood tourists. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper considers maternal subjectivity and maternal identity development through our work in an urban clinical setting where women present for treatment during the perinatal period. Drawing on a rich tradition of psychoanalytic observational research and mother-infant communication research, which supported the relational turn, we aim to shift the lens from mothers as important to their baby's development, to maternal experiences as essential. Likewise, noting that a mother cannot exist without a baby, real or imagined, we consider the role of a baby in a mother's own development. Tracing roots of maternal subjectivity in psychoanalytic traditions, while also noting its absence, we hope to offer ways to formulate maternal identity that are clinically useful and grounded in research, and reflective of our contemporary positions. Case examples further illustrate the utility of narrative measures, including the Adult Attachment Interview, in clinical settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Attachment theory has served as an influential framework for understanding psychopathology, partly due to reliable assessment methodology. The influence of insecure attachment on attitudes toward the body and the impact this might have for the development of psychopathology is however less well elucidated. Method: A total of 123 adolescents (35 with borderline personality disorder or BPD, 25 with other personality disorders [OPD] and 63 comprising a normative control group) were interviewed with the Adult Attachment Interview (AAI) and the Mirror Interview (MI). The MI questions respondents about how they feel about their bodies, as they look in the mirror. Results: The AAIs from the Borderline group were predominantly insecure‐preoccupied and unresolved. These adolescents had significantly lower levels of a positive and integrated sense of self and body than the other groups. Regression results revealed a high loving relationship with fathers, low involving anger with father, high coherence of mind, slight derogation of mother & low levels of unresolved loss uniquely and additively predicted 55% of variance in the summary score assigned to MI responses, that is, the summary score for a Positive and Integrated Body Representation (PIBR). Conclusion: Unfavorable attachment experiences and current states of mind regarding attachment may give rise to problems with establishing PIBRs, and thus play a role in the development of psychopathology, especially BPD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Parents and teachers are significant authority figures that substantially impact adolescents' psychological and cognitive development, including their creativity. The current study investigated the relationship between adolescents' attitudes toward authority (parents and teachers) and innovative behavior and examined the mediating effects of social support and perspective taking. According to attachment theory, adolescents' attitudes toward authority may derive from early interaction with primary caregivers, primarily parents. Individuals internalize these interaction experiences and form internal working models, which will be applied in later life stages when interacting with authority figures. These early life experiences also influence individuals' sense of support and empathy abilities. Through analyzing a sample comprising 1,498 adolescents from Taiwan, this study unveils a significant association between adolescents' perceptions of authority and their proclivity for innovative conduct, as well as their levels of social support and capacity for perspective taking. Employing structural equation modeling (SEM), the empirical findings accentuate the mediating role of social support and perspective taking in delineating the nexus between adolescents' attitude toward authority and their manifestation of innovative behavior. The results revealed that adolescents with positive attitudes toward authority are likely to sense support, stand from other viewpoints, and further benefit creativity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Institutional care for children without families is still widely used globally as a child protection intervention, despite concerns that it violates child rights, separates children from their families, puts children at risk of abuse and neglect and is harmful for child development. This article applied attachment theory to analyse the use and risks of institutional care. It also discusses the challenges and consequences of implementing deinstitutionalisation strategies, a series of policy-driven activities aimed at transitioning a child protection system from an institutional to family-based model of childcare. A secondary data analysis found the progressive elimination of institutions can be effective where deinstitutionalisation strategies implement an attachment approach to improve institutions alongside building permanency planning capacity for children. This article proposes that institutional care may have a role as a child protection intervention where it is temporary, recognises a child's need for secure attachment and facilitates safe permanency in a family setting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Organizations need high performance from their employees to achieve their goals, provide specialized services and products, and ultimately secure a competitive edge. Performance is also a source of satisfaction for employees, as it creates feelings of mastery and pride. Different leadership styles positively influence both employee performance and organizational excellence; thus, the present study aimed to analyze the relationship between a novel leadership style based on attachment theory, secure base leadership, and job performance (i.e., task and conceptual performance and counterproductive work behaviors). Additionally, a passive-avoidant leadership relationship with performance dimensions is analyzed. Using partial least squares structural equation modeling with self-reported data from 422 Spanish employees, the results show that secure base leadership is positively related to task and contextual performance, while it is negatively related to counterproductive work behaviors. The opposite pattern is found for passive-avoidant leadership (except for the link between passive-avoidant leadership and contextual performance, which is not significant). The promotion of secure base leadership within organizations allows for the cultivation of a supportive environment that favors work behaviors that are aligned with organizational objectives, and since leadership can be trained, these results are relevant for practitioners in organizations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a study of middle-aged online consumers' specific shopping behaviour on live streaming platforms and analyses the distinct marketing strategy provided by online experts. Influenced by unique social and cultural backgrounds, middle-aged online consumers lack related shopping experience and keep counterfeiting concerns to live streaming shopping, making them prefer to interact with online experts before making final decisions. Based on the COM-B Behaviour Changing theory and the Emotional attachment theory, the research model has been established in this study, and it divides influencing factors into the Emotion unit, Opportunity unit and Capability unit. To test the relationships between influencing factors and middle-aged online consumers' interactive motivation, the partial least-squares path modelling and variance-based structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) have been applied on the SmartPLS. By analysing 450 samples, the study shows that the counterfeiting concern and ease of use factors positively impact online consumers' motivation to interact with online experts, and self-efficacy plays a negative role. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Unfortunately, in recent years, wars have forced many civilians to evacuate their homes and move to safe zones. The event of October the seventh that took place in many Kibbutzim near the Gaza strip, exposed families who were on a Jewish holiday, to the murder of family and community members. They had to leave their burned houses and move to hotels and apartment buildings in other parts of Israel. Many people, also from the Northen parts of the country, are still in new safe zones, and have huge difficulties in returning to their houses (and not only because of objective security reasons). In this "perspective" article we propose a Virtual Reality (VR) application, which is based on past and current research in the fields of attachment theory and traumatic grief. We propose that in addition to the use of exposure therapy, a VR simulation which will activate the attachment system, can reorganize the evacuees' figure and place attachment representations. We suggest that such a simulation will revive the evacuees' sense of safe-haven and secure base and enable them to return to their home place, or to adjust to a new place, thereby leading to optimal adjustment. We start with a presentation of the theory of attachment, place attachment, attachment and loss and the two-track model of bereavement. Then, we describe the design of our VR intervention that aims to address this challenge from the attachment theory perspective with the evacuees. Finally, we discuss the challenges that need to be dealt with to implement the VR interventions through resilience centers in Israel. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Existing literature has overlooked investigating the factors that foster attachment in counterfeit consumers. This research developed and validated a model that considers social, personal, functional, and economic factors influencing brand attachment and purchase intention. The moderating effect of hedonic benefits was researched under well-established theories—the theory of planned behavior (TPB) and attachment theory. A multi-wave method using purposive sampling was applied to collect 529 responses from consumers about counterfeiting. This data was then analyzed through structural equation modeling (SEM) in AMOS 24.0. The results of the model fit indices of measurement (χ2/df = 2.1927; RMSEA = 0.048) and structural model (χ2/df = 2.552; RMSEA = 0.054) are indicated as satisfactory. The study found that most factors—social, personal, functional, and economic—have a significant positive association with brand attachment to counterfeit products. However, we found that transactional value, conformity, and novelty have an insignificant relationship with brand attachment. The findings also confirmed that brand attachment has a positive relationship with purchase intentions for luxury counterfeit products. Further, hedonic benefits positively moderate the relationship between brand attachment and the willingness to buy luxury counterfeit goods. This research contributes to the body of knowledge on brand attachment, psychology, consumer behavior, TPB, and attachment theory. The study aids luxury and apparel businesses and acknowledges limitations by offering research directions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bullying is a social phenomenon that involves the repetition of aggressive, intentional and harmful behaviors directed at a specific person. Currently, one in three children is a victim of bullying. The present study aimed to analyze the relationship between the quality of the relationship with teachers, memories of childhood care and bullying in adolescents. The sample consisted of 416 adolescents aged between 12 and 17 years old. Data were collected using a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Cuestionario de Evaluación de la Violencia entre Iguales en la Escuela y en el Ocio, the Inventory of Parent and Peer Attachment and the Early Memories of Warmth and Safeness Scale. The results demonstrated that bullying behaviors are more often perpetrated by males and with higher levels of aggression in private schools. They also revealed that students who perceive higher levels of support, understanding, trust and openness from teachers tend to be less likely to be targets of bullying. The results also demonstrated a relationship between positive memories of childhood care and students' perceptions of greater support, understanding, trust and openness from their teachers. An analysis of the results was discussed considering attachment theory due to the implications of memories of primary care and the quality of teacher–student relationships regarding bullying. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The transition to parenthood is a time of change and challenge, where new attachments are developed and old ones are re-appraised to fit the needs of the new family. Research on how this transition affects parental attachment to the family pet dog is scarce. This study explored attachment orientation differences among female dog owners without children and female dog owners who had recently become new mothers. Factors that may underpin these differences were also explored. New mothers (n = 98) and childless women (n = 93) completed an online survey that measured the degree to which they were anxiously and avoidantly attached to their pet dog. Significant differences in attachment orientations were found: the parent group had more avoidant, and less anxious, attachment styles toward their pet dogs, compared with the childless group. Qualitative insights revealed new mothers suffer from a lack of time, energy, and attention to afford their dog and that the role of the dog in the family may be re-appraised to accommodate the new family member. These outcomes provide insight into how Australian women experience their attachment relationships to their pet dogs. This study has implications for both pet and maternal welfare. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Talking about dying when faced with end-of-life may be important for achieving optimal outcomes for young people and their families. Given the lack of research on young people's communication around end-of-life and death, this analogue study examined the role of attachment theory in conversations about dying. Experiment 1 assessed attachment security of 80 healthy young adults and randomised them to receive either an induction that raised awareness of one's attachment figures or a neutral induction, and then primed them with an imagined scenario where they were diagnosed with an incurable illness. Participants then completed a self-report measure of their willingness to discuss end-of-life topics with family, friends, or a psychologist. The experimental attachment induction did not increase willingness to talk about end-of-life concepts. Experiment 2 extended this design and asked participants to describe these conversations and assessed the content of their imagined end-of-life conversations. Experiment 2 replicated the finding that enhancing individuals' awareness of key attachment figures did not increase participants' willingness to engage in end-of-life conversations. However, heightened attachment awareness led participants to talk more about their relationship with the person they were hypothetically talking with. Across both experiments, avoidant attachment tendencies reduced the likelihood that participants receiving the attachment prime would want to engage in end-of-life conversation. Overall, it seems there are important differences between individuals on willingness to talk about death, and this may be influenced by one's attachment style. These results raise implications for the importance of attachment in the therapeutic relationship for healthcare professionals working with young people with life-limiting illnesses, such as cancer. Further research may shed light on how an individually tailored approach, taking into account attachment security, achieves the best outcomes for individuals who require end-of-life conversations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Attachment has emerged as a major topic of contemporary study on children’s social and personality development, with a rising acknowledgment of the impact of attachment type on children’s physical and mental health, personality development, and adult social connections. Although different factors determine attachment type in children, parental influence is the most essential. However, the impact of childhood maltreatment suffered by parents in their original families on the attachment type of their children and its internal mechanisms still needs to be investigated. Based on attachment theory and self-efficacy theory, this study explored the mediating role of parenting self-efficacy between parental childhood maltreatment and children’s different attachment types. The results showed that although parental childhood maltreatment did not directly predict children’s secure attachment, parenting self-efficacy significantly mediated the relationship between parental childhood maltreatment and children’s secure, resistant, avoidant and disorganized attachments. Meanwhile, parental childhood maltreatment negatively predicted parenting self-efficacy scores, and the mediating effect showed consistent significance between parents. These findings not only add to the existing literature of knowledge about the elements that influence attachment type but also give a theoretical foundation for mitigating the harmful impacts of parents’ early maltreatment experiences on their children’s attachment development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The aim of this article is to present the documented relationships between individual attachment styles reported by adults, and job burnout defined as a syndrome of work efficiency loss. In addition to highlighting the role of childhood patterns and their impact on adult professional life, the article also discusses direction of practical use of this interdisciplinary framework in the field of HR. Design/methodology/approach: The study of the literature and research findings related to the theory of attachment and its correlates with burnout, as well as the study of the current reports on burnout scale, definition and legal regulations. Findings: Evaluation of the research findings revealed the gap in theoretical knowledge and practical application of the attachment concept in organizations, especially with regard to Polish workplaces and burnout problem. Research limitations/implications: Application of attachment concept in burnout research may require a dedicated tool with reference to work setting, as proposed by Leier et al., 2015. Practical implications: The article promotes interdisciplinary approach, also with possibility of use in multicultural work settings; introduces a relatively new framework for stress/burnout intervention and prevention aimed at increasing quality of social environment and support systems. Research on the relationship between attachment style and occupational burnout has implications for HRM. Understanding employees' attachment types can assist organizations in adapting stress management and burnout prevention strategies by creating a supportive work environment, attentive recruitment and leadership, adjusting coaching and mentoring techniques, and promoting autonomy and extensive support for employees. Social implications: In the face of currently observed burnout scale, both in Poland and globally, it is crucial to undertake actions toward reducing its spread. Building employees’ awareness and stress resilience through better self-knowledge and modification of less effective operational models (i.e. non–secure attachment style), may be valuable for employees and managers. Research on relationship between attachment styles and burnout also provides a solid basis for organizational level interventions, as a better care and investments in more balanced and harmonious work environments. Originality/value: Application of the psychological concept of attachment style typology to the field of work psychology, especially in Polish context; identification of the possible areas of implementation with the use of HR tools in reducing burnout. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Within the contemporary mental health discourse, the complex interplay of intimacy with parents, trust, and their collective impact on depression remains insufficiently explored, especially amid the merging of Western and Eastern sociocultural norms propelled by modernization, casting doubt on the foundational role of the family in individual psychological health. This study introduces a theoretical framework that merges attachment theory with modern societal shifts to clarify the intricate relationship between familial connections and individual mental health amidst changing social paradigms. Leveraging data from the 2018 and 2020 waves of the China Family Panel Studies, which included 3048 participants, this study utilizes ordered logistic regression to probe the subtle relationship between intimacy with parents and depression. Additionally, it employs Structural Equation Modeling to assess the mediating effects of five distinct dimensions of interpersonal trust, thus uncovering the complex linkages between intimacy with parents, trust, and depression. The results highlight the crucial role of intimacy with parents in mitigating depression, with trust in parents and neighbors identified as key mediators, while trust in strangers, local government officials, and physicians showed minimal mediating influence. These findings accentuate the critical importance of robust family and community bonds in addressing depression and call for a deeper understanding of trust's role in both policymaking and clinical interventions. Despite the modern era's trend towards individualism and greater mobility altering family structures and trust dynamics, the family remains an essential infrastructure and haven for individual intimacy, trust, and mental health, underscoring the subtle balance between modernity and tradition in societies undergoing transition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To study human affectivity, the framework of reference is attachment theory. In addition, attachment styles influence the processes of emotional regulation and may be related to specific behaviours within couple relationships. This research aimed to study the relationship between attachment styles, emotional regulation, and satisfaction with the couple’s relationship, as well as to explore the differences between the different types of attachment concerning the use of emotional regulation strategies and satisfaction with the couple’s relationship. The results showed that people with insecure attachment styles use less favourable regulation strategies and have lower couple satisfaction. In contrast, secure attachment promotes favourable regulation strategies for the couple’s relationship. In addition, age and gender were related to the type of attachment styles developed by the individual. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Interpersonal violence is a pervasive public health problem that leads to emotional, behavioral, and physical health challenges. Theoretically, sound research examining protective factors, such as relational health, is imperative for developing effective interventions. However, the use of relational health theories in existing research needs to be better understood within the literature and should be further explored. Using scoping review methodology, 23 theories of relational health were identified in the research literature. Attachment theory and emotional security theory were the most frequently utilized. The remaining studies drew on a wide range of theories, including relational cultural theory, social support theories, and others. Findings highlight the complexities of relational experiences in interpersonal violence contexts. Future research should seek a more comprehensive understanding of the inclusion and application of relational health theories. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Establishing goals for young people in residential care (RC) is a gap in the literature, especially in terms of the relationship between family support and resilience. The literature suggests that RC is associated with the breakdown of family relationships, so the possibility of the family playing a positive role in establishing life goals for young people is reduced. However, family support in the context of organization and stability can be assumed to be a protective factor for the formulation of life goals and contribute to the resilient development of young people. This study aimed to analyze the role of family support in the process of setting goals for young people in RC, as well as to analyze the potential mediating role of resilience in the previous association. The sample included 124 young people aged between 12 and 23 years living in RC. The results point to a positive association between family support (autonomy) and the planning of life goals and verify the total mediating effect of resilience in this association. The results are discussed considering attachment theory and the role of the family in the adaptive development of young people. This study's findings provide important indications for developing future interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Community agencies and practitioners around the globe seek opportunities to learn various assessment tools and interventions rooted in attachment theory. However, information regarding the feasibility of implementation and sustainability of these tools once participants have been trained to use them, is limited. This study investigated the perceived acceptability, feasibility, utility, relevance, fidelity, and sustainability of the Atypical Maternal Behavior Instrument for Assessment and Classification‐Brief (AMBIANCE‐Brief) among practitioners who had taken a training. Practitioners (N = 59) who attended a virtual AMBIANCE‐Brief training originating from Canada between June 2020 and November 2021 completed an online follow‐up survey. Practitioners reported that they primarily used the AMBIANCE‐Brief for case conceptualization (68%). Additionally, 95% agreed that the AMBIANCE‐Brief was relevant to their clinical practice, 98% agreed it was useful for their clinical work, 76% agreed that it was feasible to implement into their clinical work, and 59% found it easy to incorporate into their treatment planning with clients. Findings suggest that the AMBIANCE‐Brief may be acceptable, feasible, and useful for practitioners. Avenues for continuing to evaluate the AMBIANCE‐Brief include cross‐cultural validity, coder drift, and booster sessions. Additional work clarifying how practitioners integrate the measure into practice would be valuable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Executive function (EF) is critical to students' academic behaviors and well-being. Environmental influences, particularly teacher-student interaction (TSI), play a key role in enhancing EF development. Previous studies have linked TSI quality to children's EF, yet the relationships between subdimensions of TSI—such as closeness, conflict, dependency, emotional support, classroom management, and instructional support—and EF outcomes remain unclear. Moreover, it is unclear whether these relations hold true across different cultural contexts. From an initial pool of 14,915 articles, in this meta-analysis, we considered 84 empirical studies across 18 cultural regions, revealing that TSI subdimensions are consistently related to EF with small-to-medium effect sizes. The analysis also identified statistically significant moderating factors, such as individualism, power distance, EF type, EF instrument, and socioeconomic status. Notably, stronger TSI-EF correlations were found among children from cultures with low-individualism and high-power-distance, as well as among children from higher socioeconomic backgrounds. These patterns were particularly pronounced in studies measuring hot EF through adult-reported data. This comprehensive meta-analysis bridges knowledge gaps in TSI-EF dynamics, and supporting theories, such as attachment theory, social learning theory, and socio-cultural theory within educational settings. Crucially, it provides cross-cultural perspectives showing how cultural and contextual factors may intertwine with TSI-EF interactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Disclosing a diverse sexual orientation to caregivers can be a stressful and transformative experience for individuals and families. In this retrospective study, attachment theory is applied to caregivers' recollection of their children's disclosure of a diverse sexual orientation, testing the hypothesis that caregivers' attachment anxiety would significantly predict more negative self-reported reactions to coming out. Caregivers of sexually diverse people (n = 154) completed a survey with measures of self-reported reactions to their child's coming out, attachment anxiety and avoidance, attitudes toward lesbian women and gay men, conservatism, family functioning and strength of religious faith. Attachment anxiety, but not avoidance, significantly predicted caregivers' reactions, however this relationship was not significant when covariates were added to the model. Exploratory analyses using t-tests were conducted to examine differences in study variables among LGBTQ+ and non-LGBTQ+ caregivers, and caregivers of cisgender and gender diverse children. The results support previous research, indicating that caregiver's attitudes and religiosity are predictive of caregivers' reactions to their children coming out and provide preliminary evidence of differential responses to coming out by caregivers' LGBTQ+ identity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Sociales is the property of Fondo Editorial Fundacion Universitaria Luis Amigo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Psychological Science is the property of Psychological Science Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Purpose: This study aims to understand the association between the fear of missing out (FOMO) and its impact on psychological well-being (PWB). The mediating effect of anxiety and moderating effects of social media engagement (SME) and resilience on the association mentioned above are also examined. Design/methodology/approach: The study used a mix of attachment theory and cognitive-motivational-relational theory to understand the hypothesized relationship using a diverse sample of international respondents from South Asia, South East Asia and the Middle East. The data from 612 respondents was collected using SurveyMonkey. The authors have used Hayes' PROCESS Macro to test the hypothesised relationships. Findings: The results revealed that anxiety acts as a mediator between FOMO and PWB, while SME and resilience act as moderators in reducing the impact of FOMO on anxiety and the impact of anxiety on PWB, respectively. Originality/value: The work extends the existing theorization and points out the merits of using SME and resilience as moderators and anxiety as a mediator for understanding the association between FOMO and PWB. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Studies conducted on student profiles in academic settings reveal that a significant proportion of students, ranging from 10% to 20% , encounter various forms of stressors that include poverty, trauma, abuse, neglect, and domestic violence . Such stressors will likely manifest as disruptive behaviours within the school environment. This paper focuses on identifying the perceptions of professionals regarding effective behaviour management by considering the relevance of an Attachment Theory perspective (ATP) for students with social, emotional, and behavioural difficulties. This research is a qualitative study, and the data were collected by conducting key informant interviews with 13 participants who advocate an ATP in understanding and supporting students with challenging behaviours, who were selected purposefully. The participants are professionals who hold various positions related to research, policy, and practice, and the data gathered from them were analysed thematically. The professionals highlighted the need for a greater understanding of the relevance of an ATP in managing challenging behaviour in schools. The main finding to emerge from the interviews is that awareness of an ATP potentially leads to a better understanding of underlying reasons for challenging behaviours in the classrooms, and this awareness helps educators look for the best ways to support students in providing not only an optimum and sustainable classroom environment but also an enjoyable school experience. Moreover, with the help of extra targeted support for students, the school behaviour management system will be more inclusion-oriented rather than exclusion-oriented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Attachment theory suggests that strong object attachment in hoarding disorder (HD) may be due to an attempt at compensating for unmet relatedness needs. We tested this compensatory process with an online experiment and hypothesized that reducing loneliness among participants with high hoarding symptoms would result in lower object attachment, and that change in loneliness would mediate the impact of an online loneliness intervention on object attachment. A pretest-posttest control group design was used. Participants were 298 MTurk workers pre-screened for high hoarding symptoms recruited via cloudresearch.com. At Time 1, participants completed measures of hoarding severity, loneliness, and four aspects of object attachment: overall object attachment to possessions, insecure object attachment, attachment to an old cherished item, and attachment to a novel item. We randomly assigned participants to either a loneliness intervention (n = 142) or an active control (a health education program; n = 156). All participants completed follow-up questionnaires after two weeks. We conducted ANCOVAs to assess for group differences at Time 2 whilst controlling for Time 1 variables. Results showed small but significant improvements in loneliness, thwarted belongingness, and object attachment for the novel item for participants who received the loneliness intervention relative to control participants. Mediational analyses revealed that the change in loneliness mediated the effect of the intervention on insecure object attachment. Consistent with attachment theory, these results indicate that reducing loneliness might lead to lower object attachment in hoarding disorder. Trials with clinical participants using more intensive loneliness interventions are warranted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study was to examine the temporal and dyadic associations between anxiety and depressive symptoms during the transition to parenthood (TTP), while exploring the antecedence of attachment insecurities in these associations. Couples of first-time parents (N = 211) completed the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, the Experiences in Close Relationships scale, and a sociodemographic questionnaire during the second trimester of pregnancy and at four and twelve months postpartum. Both prenatal anxiety and depressive symptoms predicted postnatal depressive and anxiety symptoms. Prenatal attachment-related anxiety predicted higher postnatal anxiety and depressive symptoms whereas prenatal attachment-related avoidance predicted higher postnatal depressive symptoms only. Parents whose partners had a higher level of prenatal attachment-related anxiety experienced higher postnatal anxious and depressive symptoms via their own's prenatal depressive symptoms. Parents whose partners had a higher level of prenatal attachment-related avoidance experienced higher postnatal depressive symptoms via their own's prenatal anxious symptoms. No gender differences were found for these associations. The sample was predominantly composed of educated heterosexual French-Canadian Caucasian couples and all measures were self-reported. Our original findings suggest that professionals should routinely screen for anxiety and depressive symptoms in both partners from pregnancy up to one year postpartum. Also, our findings suggest addressing attachment insecurities with both partners to prevent the development of future symptoms during pregnancy or after childbirth. Finally, our study supports the relevance of considering these symptoms at subclinical levels during the TTP. • Anxiety symptoms during pregnancy predicted postpartum depressive symptoms. • Depressive symptoms during pregnancy predicted postpartum anxiety symptoms. • Attachment-related anxiety predicted both anxiety and depressive symptoms. • Attachment-related avoidance is closely related to depressive symptoms. • Parents' attachment insecurities are associated with their partner's symptoms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research has extensively studied adult attachment theory, a fundamental psychological framework, particularly regarding its implications for adult attachment and sexual dynamics. The previous literature has established relationships between adult attachment and various sexual behaviours as well as communication patterns. Specifically, individuals with secure attachment styles typically engage in open communication and cautious sexual behaviours, whereas individuals with anxious or avoidant attachment styles exhibit less sexual communication and engage in riskier sexual activities. That said, limited research has explored the relationship between adult attachment style and perceived knowledge regarding partner sex history. This study aimed to fill this gap by investigating how adult attachment style relates to perceived knowledge about partner sexual experiences. A sample of 237 undergraduate students completed surveys assessing attachment style and their perceived awareness of their partner's sexual past. Attachment style was evaluated using the Revised Adult Attachment Scale (RAAS) and perceived knowledge was measured using the Partner Sexual History Scale (PSHS). The results indicated a significant correlation between adult attachment style and perceived knowledge of a partner's sexual history. Specifically, individuals with secure and avoidant attachment styles demonstrated greater perceived awareness of their partner's sexual experiences compared to those with an anxious attachment style. This research contributes to our comprehension of the complex interplay among adult attachment, sexual knowledge, sexual communication, and relationship dynamics in young adult populations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Attachment theory has high potential for advancing a relational understanding of mentoring. However, there is a lack of empirical evidence that protégés develop attachments to mentors. The present manuscript provides this foundation by developing and validating a measure of attachment to mentors across five studies. In Study 1, we find qualitative evidence that protégés experience the four features of attachment in their relationships with mentors. In Study 2, we develop a pool of items to measure attachment to mentors and conduct content validation. In Studies 3a and 3b, we develop a multidimensional measure of attachment and conduct exploratory and confirmatory analyses. In Study 4, we replicate the factor structure and provide evidence of reliability and measurement invariance over time. Consistent with attachment theory, we find that attachment to mentors is related to, and empirically distinct from, mentor support, protégé work-related exploration, protégé attachment anxiety and avoidance, and relationship satisfaction in the hypothesized directions. Our findings support the application of attachment theory to mentoring relationships and provide an empirical foundation for future examination of the development, maintenance, and termination of attachment relationships in the work domain. Moreover, our work offers a new measurement tool and insights for assessing and developing mentoring relationships in practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Attachment-based interventions have been extensively studied in neurotypical patient populations. In neurodivergent patient populations, however, emphasis on and current research into attachment-based interventions are centered on early childhood. Minimal research has been conducted in school-aged children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and even less research has focused on attachment-based interventions for children with significant comorbidities such as catatonia. Case Report: We present the case of a 12-year-old female that involved dyadic work in conjunction with biologic interventions for the treatment of ASD and catatonia. Psychosocial interventions were centered on an attachment-based framework and behavioral skills training that incorporated elements of parent management training. We observed and tracked the patient’s uncooperativeness, underproductive speech, emotional withdrawal, and anxiety via the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale for Children. Attachment- and behavioral-based interventions in conjunction with psychotropic medications and electroconvulsive therapy resulted in improvements. Conclusion: This case illustrates the potential advantages that attachment- and behavioral-based psychotherapeutic interventions can confer in complex cases involving neurodivergent patients. The case also highlights the lack of current research into and understanding of attachment theory in children and adolescents with ASD. Research is needed into the role of attachment-based interventions in patients with ASD and other psychiatric comorbidities, particularly in patient populations beyond preschool age. Initiating nonbiologic interventions in conjunction with biologic interventions may also enhance outcomes and warrants further investigation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Glamping brings a glamorous tourism experience providing potential opportunities to escape from daily routines and maintain relationships during difficult/special times, such as the pandemic with travel restrictions or postpandemic travel concerns. It is innovative to explore the unique group of DINK (dual income, no kids) couples using glamping as context. This study examines the variations in closeness among DINK couples based on four individual attachment styles (i.e., secure, anxious, dismissive, fearful), and explores the relationships between closeness and subjective well-being. A pilot test with 118 valid responses was adopted to ensure the validity of items and feasibility of the study design. Utilizing attachment theory with four attachment styles, the main study analyzed 940 valid responses using confirmatory factory analysis, ANOVA, and multigroup path analysis. This study highlights that people with a secure attachment style have a significantly 1) higher level of closeness with their partner and 2) stronger relationship between closeness and subjective well-being compared to the other three attachment styles (i.e., anxious, dismissive, and fearful). The results suggest that glamping providers could improve glamping environments to be peaceful and comfortable to attract potential glampers who have higher anxiety (i.e., anxious and fearful attachment styles). Further, the results indicate that glamping could serve as a setting for couples??? therapy and to celebrate special events to enhance close relationships. These promoting/marketing strategies can benefit small glamping businesses develop their products and potentially draw different types of visitors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]